Inner centromere protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the INCENP gene.[5][6][7] It is a regulatory protein in the chromosome passenger complex (CPC). It is involved in regulation of the catalytic proteins Aurora B and Aurora C.[8][9][10] It acts in association with two other proteins - Survivin and Borealin. These proteins form a tight three-helical bundle. The N-terminal domain of INCENP is the domain involved in formation of this three-helical bundle while its C-terminal domain is responsible for the interaction with Aurora B.[11][10]
INCENP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aliases | INCENP, inner centromere protein | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
External IDs | OMIM: 604411 MGI: 1313288 HomoloGene: 9624 GeneCards: INCENP | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Wikidata | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Chromosome passenger complex (CPC) protein INCENP N terminal | |||||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||||
Symbol | INCENP_N | ||||||||
Pfam | PF12178 | ||||||||
InterPro | IPR022006 | ||||||||
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Inner centromere protein, ARK binding region | |||||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||||
Symbol | INCENP_ARK-bind | ||||||||
Pfam | PF03941 | ||||||||
InterPro | IPR005635 | ||||||||
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In mammalian cells, two broad groups of centromere-interacting proteins have been described: constitutively binding centromere proteins and 'passenger' (or transiently interacting) proteins.[12] The constitutive proteins include CENPA (centromere protein A), CENPB, CENPC1, and CENPD.
The term 'passenger proteins' encompasses a broad collection of proteins that localize to the centromere during specific stages of the cell cycle.[13] These include CENPE; MCAK; KID; cytoplasmic dynein (e.g., DYNC1H1); CliPs (e.g. CLIP1); and CENPF/mitosin (CENPF). The inner centromere proteins (INCENPs),[5] the initial members of the passenger protein group, display a broad localization along chromosomes in the early stages of mitosis but gradually become concentrated at centromeres as the cell cycle progresses into mid-metaphase. During telophase, the proteins are located within the midbody in the intercellular bridge, where they are discarded after cytokinesis.[7][14]
INCENP has been shown to interact with H2AFZ,[15] Survivin[16] and CDCA8.[17] The ARK binding region has been found to be necessary and sufficient for binding to aurora-related kinase. This interaction has been implicated in the coordination of chromosome segregation with cell division in yeast.[18]