Isotopes_of_bromine Knowpia

Isotopes of bromine (₃₅Br)
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Br)
	[79.901, 79.907]; 79.904±0.003 (abridged);
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Bromine (₃₅Br) has two stable isotopes, ⁷⁹Br and ⁸¹Br, and 32 known radioisotopes, the most stable of which is ⁷⁷Br, with a half-life of 57.036 hours.

List of isotopesEdit

Nuclide ^{[n 1]}	Z	N	Isotopic mass (Da) ^{[n 2]}^{[n 3]}	Half-life	Decay mode ^{[n 4]}	Daughter isotope ^{[n 5]}^{[n 6]}	Spin and parity ^{[n 7]}^{[n 8]}	Natural abundance (mole fraction)
Nuclide ^{[n 1]}	Excitation energy			Half-life	Decay mode ^{[n 4]}	Daughter isotope ^{[n 5]}^{[n 6]}	Spin and parity ^{[n 7]}^{[n 8]}	Normal proportion	Range of variation
⁶⁸Br^[4]	35	33	67.95836(28)#	~50 ns	p	⁶⁷Se	3+#
⁶⁹Br	35	34	68.95011(11)#	<24 ns	p	⁶⁸Se	1/2−#
⁷⁰Br	35	35	69.94479(33)#	79.1(8) ms	β⁺	⁷⁰Se	0+#
^70mBr	2292.2(8) keV			2.2(2) s	β⁺	⁷⁰Se	(9+)
^70mBr	2292.2(8) keV			2.2(2) s	IT	⁷⁰Br	(9+)
⁷¹Br	35	36	70.93874(61)	21.4(6) s	β⁺	⁷¹Se	(5/2)−
⁷²Br	35	37	71.93664(6)	78.6(24) s	β⁺	⁷²Se	1+
^72mBr	100.92(3) keV			10.6(3) s	IT (>99.9%)	⁷²Br	1−
^72mBr	100.92(3) keV			10.6(3) s	β⁺ (<0.1%)	⁷²Se	1−
⁷³Br	35	38	72.93169(5)	3.4(2) min	β⁺	⁷³Se	1/2−
⁷⁴Br	35	39	73.929891(16)	25.4(3) min	β⁺	⁷⁴Se	(0−)
^74mBr	13.58(21) keV			46(2) min	β⁺	⁷⁴Se	4(+#)
⁷⁵Br	35	40	74.925776(15)	96.7(13) min	β⁺	⁷⁵Se	3/2−
⁷⁶Br	35	41	75.924541(10)	16.2(2) h	β⁺	⁷⁶Se	1−
^76mBr	102.58(3) keV			1.31(2) s	IT (99.4%)	⁷⁶Br	(4)+
^76mBr	102.58(3) keV			1.31(2) s	β⁺ (0.6%)	⁷⁶Se	(4)+
⁷⁷Br	35	42	76.921379(3)	57.036(6) h	β⁺	⁷⁷Se	3/2−
^77mBr	105.86(8) keV			4.28(10) min	IT	⁷⁷Br	9/2+
⁷⁸Br	35	43	77.921146(4)	6.46(4) min	β⁺ (99.99%)	⁷⁸Se	1+
⁷⁸Br	35	43	77.921146(4)	6.46(4) min	β⁻ (0.01%)	⁷⁸Kr	1+
^78mBr	180.82(13) keV			119.2(10) µs			(4+)
⁷⁹Br	35	44	78.9183371(22)	Stable			3/2−	0.5069(7)
^79mBr	207.61(9) keV			4.86(4) s	IT	⁷⁹Br	(9/2+)
⁸⁰Br	35	45	79.9185293(22)	17.68(2) min	β⁻ (91.7%)	⁸⁰Kr	1+
⁸⁰Br	35	45	79.9185293(22)	17.68(2) min	β⁺ (8.3%)	⁸⁰Se	1+
^80mBr	85.843(4) keV			4.4205(8) h	IT	⁸⁰Br	5−
⁸¹Br	35	46	80.9162906(21)	Stable			3/2−	0.4931(7)
^81mBr	536.20(9) keV			34.6(28) µs			9/2+
⁸²Br	35	47	81.9168041(21)	35.282(7) h	β⁻	⁸²Kr	5−
^82mBr	45.9492(10) keV			6.13(5) min	IT	⁸²Br	2−
^82mBr	45.9492(10) keV			6.13(5) min	β⁻	⁸²Kr	2−
⁸³Br	35	48	82.915180(5)	2.40(2) h	β⁻	⁸³Kr	3/2−
^83mBr	3068.8(6) keV			700(100) ns			(19/2−)
⁸⁴Br	35	49	83.916479(16)	31.80(8) min	β⁻	⁸⁴Kr	2−
^84m1Br	320(10) keV			6.0(2) min	β⁻	⁸⁴Kr	6−
^84m2Br	408.2(4) keV			<140 ns			1+
⁸⁵Br	35	50	84.915608(21)	2.90(6) min	β⁻	⁸⁵Kr	3/2−
⁸⁶Br	35	51	85.918798(12)	55.1(4) s	β⁻	⁸⁶Kr	(2−)
⁸⁷Br	35	52	86.920711(19)	55.65(13) s	β⁻ (97.48%)	⁸⁷Kr	3/2−
⁸⁷Br	35	52	86.920711(19)	55.65(13) s	β⁻, n (2.52%)	⁸⁶Kr	3/2−
⁸⁸Br	35	53	87.92407(4)	16.29(6) s	β⁻ (93.42%)	⁸⁸Kr	(2−)
⁸⁸Br	35	53	87.92407(4)	16.29(6) s	β⁻, n (6.48%)	⁸⁷Kr	(2−)
^88mBr	272.7(3) keV			5.4(7) µs
⁸⁹Br	35	54	88.92639(6)	4.40(3) s	β⁻ (86.2%)	⁸⁹Kr	(3/2−,5/2−)
⁸⁹Br	35	54	88.92639(6)	4.40(3) s	β⁻, n (13.8%)	⁸⁸Kr	(3/2−,5/2−)
⁹⁰Br	35	55	89.93063(8)	1.91(1) s	β⁻ (74.8%)	⁹⁰Kr
⁹⁰Br	35	55	89.93063(8)	1.91(1) s	β⁻, n (25.2%)	⁸⁹Kr
⁹¹Br	35	56	90.93397(8)	541(5) ms	β⁻ (80%)	⁹¹Kr	3/2−#
⁹¹Br	35	56	90.93397(8)	541(5) ms	β⁻, n (20%)	⁹⁰Kr	3/2−#
⁹²Br	35	57	91.93926(5)	0.343(15) s	β⁻ (66.9%)	⁹²Kr	(2−)
⁹²Br	35	57	91.93926(5)	0.343(15) s	β⁻, n (33.1%)	⁹¹Kr	(2−)
⁹³Br	35	58	92.94305(32)#	102(10) ms	β⁻ (89%)	⁹³Kr	3/2−#
⁹³Br	35	58	92.94305(32)#	102(10) ms	β⁻, n (11%)	⁹²Kr	3/2−#
⁹⁴Br	35	59	93.94868(43)#	70(20) ms	β⁻ (70%)	⁹⁴Kr
⁹⁴Br	35	59	93.94868(43)#	70(20) ms	β⁻, n (30%)	⁹³Kr
⁹⁵Br	35	60	94.95287(54)#	50# ms [>300 ns]			3/2−#
⁹⁶Br	35	61	95.95853(75)#	20# ms [>300 ns]
⁹⁷Br	35	62	96.96280(86)#	10# ms [>300 ns]			3/2−#
⁹⁸Br^[5]	35	63
¹⁰¹Br^[6]	35	66
This table header & footer: view

^ ^mBr – Excited nuclear isomer.
^ ( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
^ # – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
^ Modes of decay:
IT: Isomeric transition
n: Neutron emission
p: Proton emission
^ Bold italics symbol as daughter – Daughter product is nearly stable.
^ Bold symbol as daughter – Daughter product is stable.
^ ( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
^ # – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).

ReferencesEdit

^ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
^ "Standard Atomic Weights: Bromine". CIAAW. 2011.
^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; et al. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
^ Wimmer, K.; et al. (2019). "Discovery of ⁶⁸Br in secondary reactions of radioactive beams". Physics Letters B. 795: 266–270. arXiv:1906.04067. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2019.06.014. S2CID 182953245.
^ Ohnishi, Tetsuya; Kubo, Toshiyuki; Kusaka, Kensuke; et al. (2010). "Identification of 45 New Neutron-Rich Isotopes Produced by In-Flight Fission of a ²³⁸U Beam at 345 MeV/nucleon". J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Physical Society of Japan. 79 (7): 073201. doi:10.1143/JPSJ.79.073201.
^ Sumikama, T.; et al. (2021). "Observation of new neutron-rich isotopes in the vicinity of Zr110". Physical Review C. 103. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.103.014614. hdl:10261/260248. S2CID 234019083.

Isotope masses from:
- Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
- de Laeter, John Robert; Böhlke, John Karl; De Bièvre, Paul; Hidaka, Hiroshi; Peiser, H. Steffen; Rosman, Kevin J. R.; Taylor, Philip D. P. (2003). "Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 75 (6): 683–800. doi:10.1351/pac200375060683.
- Wieser, Michael E. (2006). "Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 78 (11): 2051–2066. doi:10.1351/pac200678112051.
"News & Notices: Standard Atomic Weights Revised". International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. 19 October 2005.
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.
- Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
- National Nuclear Data Center. "NuDat 2.x database". Brookhaven National Laboratory.
- Holden, Norman E. (2004). "11. Table of the Isotopes". In Lide, David R. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.

[4] Br – Excited nuclear isomer.

[5] ( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.

[TMS-6] # – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).

[7] Modes of decay:
IT: Isomeric transition
n: Neutron emission
p: Proton emission

[8] Bold italics symbol as daughter – Daughter product is nearly stable.

[9] Bold symbol as daughter – Daughter product is stable.

[10] ( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.

[TNN-11] # – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).

[NUBASE2020-1] Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

[2] "Standard Atomic Weights: Bromine". CIAAW. 2011.

[CIAAW2021-3] Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; et al. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

[68Br-12] Wimmer, K.; et al. (2019). "Discovery of ⁶⁸Br in secondary reactions of radioactive beams". Physics Letters B. 795: 266–270. arXiv:1906.04067. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2019.06.014. S2CID 182953245.

[Ohnishi-13] Ohnishi, Tetsuya; Kubo, Toshiyuki; Kusaka, Kensuke; et al. (2010). "Identification of 45 New Neutron-Rich Isotopes Produced by In-Flight Fission of a ²³⁸U Beam at 345 MeV/nucleon". J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Physical Society of Japan. 79 (7): 073201. doi:10.1143/JPSJ.79.073201.

[101Br-aps-14] Sumikama, T.; et al. (2021). "Observation of new neutron-rich isotopes in the vicinity of Zr110". Physical Review C. 103. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.103.014614. hdl:10261/260248. S2CID 234019083.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[n 1]

[n 2]

[n 3]

[n 4]

[n 5]

[n 6]

[n 7]

[n 8]

[4]

[5]

[6]

Summary

List of isotopesEdit

ReferencesEdit