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Jalagam Vengala Rao

Summary

Jalagam Vengala Rao (May 1921[1] – 12 June 1999) was for much of his life a member of the Indian National Congress and was the Chief Minister of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh which is now divided into two states, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.

Jalagam Vengala Rao
5th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh
In office
10 December 1973 – 6 March 1978
GovernorKhandubhai Kasanji Desai
S. Obul Reddy
Ramchandra Dhondiba Bhandare
B. J. Divan
Sharda Mukherjee
Preceded byP. V. Narasimha Rao (before President's rule)
Succeeded byMarri Chenna Reddy
Minister of Commerce and Industry (Government of India)
In office
22 October 1986 – 2 December 1989
Prime MinisterRajiv Gandhi
Preceded byN. D. Tiwari
Succeeded byAjit Singh
Home Minister, Government of Andhra Pradesh
In office
18 July 1969 – 30 September 1971
Chief MinisterKasu Brahmananda Reddy
Industries Minister, Government of Andhra Pradesh
In office
20 March 1972 – 10 January 1973
Chief MinisterP. V. Narasimha Rao
President of Pradesh Congress Committee
In office
January 30, 1985 – October 30, 1988
Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha
In office
1984–1991
Preceded byJalagam Kondala Rao
Succeeded byP. V. Rangaiah Naidu
ConstituencyKhammam
Member of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly
In office
1978–1983
ConstituencySathupalli, Telangana
In office
1962–1978
ConstituencyVemsoor, Telangana
Personal details
BornMay 1921
Soperu (Village), Rajam (Mandal), Srikakulam (District), Andhra Pradesh
Died12 June 1999 (aged 78)
ChildrenJalagam Prasada Rao,
Jalagam Venkat Rao

Early life edit

Vengala Rao hailed from Velama community[2] of Bayyannagudem in Khammam district (currently part of the Telangana state).[3]

Career edit

His involvement in politics began when he was in his twenties, when he supported Congress in their campaign of armed defiance against the Nizam of Hyderabad. He was jailed for his involvement in this campaign, which was protesting the tenancy laws operating in the Telangana region. Although he tried and failed to be elected as an independent candidate in 1952, Rao subsequently was elected on four occasions to the Legislative Assembly of Andhra Pradesh, where he represented the Sathupalli constituency of Khammam district.

Lok Sabha edit

He was also twice elected to the Lok Sabha - the lower house of the Parliament of India - as a representative of the Khammam district constituency. The first of his successful Assembly elections was in 1962, and the period from 1952 to that time saw him occupying the post of president for the Khammam district branch of Congress and being the first chairman of the district council.[4]

As Home Minister edit

In 1968, he became State Home Minister in the state government headed by Kasu Brahmananda Reddy. Later, during his period as Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, an office to which he was appointed by Indira Gandhi[5] and held between 10 December 1973 and 6 March 1978,[6] Rao's hallmark was his administrative efficiency.[4] He is also known for his handling and containment of Naxalite insurgency, which took place during a revival of the Telangana movement that sought independent statehood.[7] He almost wiped out Naxalism from the state through extra judicial killings namely encounters.[8][9][10] Later, the Vimadalal commission was appointed to probe into attacks on Naxalites during his period in office[11] and his earlier actions against Communist-inspired Naxalites during the 1960s have been referred to as a "reign of terror".[7] The official website for the government of Andhra Pradesh refers to his tenure, which came about following a period of President's rule, politically stable.[12] Despite that popularity, he was unable to retain power in the 1978 elections.[13]

Congress split edit

When Congress split during the mid-1970s, Rao initially did not join with the faction led by Indira Gandhi that was referred to as Congress (I). However, he did join in 1984 and with his election to the Lok Sabha in that year he served in the cabinet of Rajiv Gandhi, holding the post of Union Minister for Industry until 1989. For much of this period, between 1984 and 1988, he was also president of the state organization of his political party, being the Andhra Pradesh Congress Committee.[4]

As Chief Minister edit

He was the 5th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh from 10 December 1973 – 6 March 1978. It was during his tenure as Chief Minister that three universities namely Kakatiya University, Acharya Nagarjuna University and Sri Krishnadevaraya University were started, catering for three regions of Andhra Pradesh: Telangana, Coastal Andhra, and Rayalaseema.[14][15][16] Rao initiated a World Telugu Conference in Hyderabad in 1975.[17]

Death edit

Jalagam Vengal Rao died on 12 June 1999.[4]

Family edit

He has two sons, Jalagam Prasada Rao and Jalagam Venkat Rao. Jalagam Prasada Rao was a Member of the Legislative Assembly from Satthupalli constituency for two terms and he was a minister in N. Janardhan Reddy's cabinet. He held the portfolios of Small scale industries and Panchayat Raj.[18][19] Jalagam Venkat Rao, is also a politician and as of 2009 was a Member of the Legislative Assembly of Andhra Pradesh, representing the INC for the same constituency, Satthupalli, as his father.[20][21]

Commemoration edit

Rao wrote an autobiography in the Telugu language, called Naa Jeevitha Katha. The contents caused some controversy with regard to the lives of other politicians.[22][23] A part of it was published in English translation by Outlook magazine.[24]

A park in Banjara Hills, Hyderabad was named after him as Jalagam Vengal Rao Park.[25] There is also an upscale residential neighborhood named after him – Vengal Rao Nagar - and several educational institutions.

References edit

  1. ^ "Jalagam Vengala Rao". veethi.com. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  2. ^ బళ్ల సతీశ్ (8 April 2019). "తెలుగునాట కుల రాజకీయాలు: ఆ రెండు కులాల మధ్యే ప్రధాన పోటీ". BBC News తెలుగు (in Telugu). Retrieved 1 May 2023.
  3. ^ Bhaskar, B. V. S. (7 September 2002). "Sathupally to be model assembly constituency". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 17 October 2012. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  4. ^ a b c d "Andhra ex-CM Vengala Rao dies at 78". Rediff.com. UNI. 12 June 1999. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  5. ^ Reddi, Agarala Easwara (1994). State politics in India: reflections on Andhra Pradesh. M.D. Publications. p. 25. ISBN 9788185880518. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  6. ^ "Chief Ministers: Sri. Jalagam Vengala Rao". Government of Andhra Pradesh. Archived from the original on 18 December 2012. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  7. ^ a b Guruswamy, Mohan (11 December 2009). "Telangana Part II". DNA. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  8. ^ Amarnath K. Menon (21 January 2014). "Change in government in Andhra Pradesh brings fears of Emergency-type repression of Naxalite movement". India Today. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  9. ^ "Telangana And Andhra Pradesh Have A Long History Of Encounter Killings". HuffPost. 7 December 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  10. ^ Venugopal, N. (2007). "Fake Encounters: Story from Andhra Pradesh". Economic and Political Weekly. 42 (41): 4106–4111. ISSN 0012-9976. JSTOR 40276541.
  11. ^ Dwivedi, O.P.; Jain, R.B. (1 July 1988). "Bureaucratic Morality in India". International Political Science Review. 9 (3): 205–214. doi:10.1177/019251218800900305. ISSN 0192-5121. S2CID 144127879.
  12. ^ "Post-Independence Era : Struggle for Andhra State". Government of Andhra Pradesh. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  13. ^ "Naidu becomes fourth AP CM to return his party to power". Rediff.com. 7 October 1999. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  14. ^ "About University". skuniversity.ac.in. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  15. ^ "Acharya Nagarjuna University". www.nagarjunauniversity.ac.in. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  16. ^ "Kakatiya University, Warangal-506009, Telangana, India". kakatiya.ac.in. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  17. ^ Prasad, R.J. Rajendra (22 June 2001). "Bitter memories". Vol. 18, no. 12. Frontline. Archived from the original on 22 January 2010. Retrieved 27 March 2012.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  18. ^ "Tummala Nageswara Rao in for a grim battle". The Hindu. 9 April 2009. Archived from the original on 5 May 2004. Retrieved 27 September 2012.
  19. ^ "Jalagam to join hands with Jagan". The Times of India. 8 June 2011. Archived from the original on 3 January 2013. Retrieved 27 September 2012.
  20. ^ "Jalagam Vengala Rao remembered". The Hindu. 6 May 2009. Archived from the original on 25 January 2013. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  21. ^ "MLAs". Government of Andhra Pradesh. Archived from the original on 18 December 2012. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  22. ^ Sivanand, S. (11 September 1996). "Skeletons In The Closet: Erstwhile Andhra Pradesh chief minister Vengala Rao's memoirs rake up Narasimha Rao's past". Outlook. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  23. ^ "Hey Ram!". The Times of India. TNN. 25 March 2001. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  24. ^ "'Pv's Affair Upset Indira': Extracts from Jalagam Vengala Rao's autobiography". Outlook. 11 September 1996. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  25. ^ "Birth anniversary of Jalagam celebrated". The Hindu. 5 May 2008. Archived from the original on 8 May 2008. Retrieved 27 March 2012.

Further reading edit

  • Ravichandrababu, G. (1995). Sri Jalagam Vengal Rao: a political study. Anna Centre for Public Affairs, University of Madras.
  • Vimadalal, Jal Rustamji (1978). Report: Vimadalal Commission of Inquiry. The Vimadalal Commission.


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