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James E. Brau

Summary

James E. Brau (born 1946) is an American physicist at the University of Oregon (UO) who conducts research on elementary particles and fields. He founded the Oregon experimental high energy physics group in 1988 and served as director of the UO Center for High Energy Physics from 1997 to 2016. Prior to joining the Oregon faculty, he served in the Air Force and held positions at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center and the University of Tennessee. He is a fellow of both the American Physical Society and also the American Association for the Advancement of Science. In 2006 he was appointed the Philip H. Knight Professor of Natural Science, an endowed professorship.

James E. Brau
Born
James Edward Brau

1946 (age 77–78)
Alma materMassachusetts Institute of Technology
Awards
Scientific career
FieldsHigh energy particles and fields
Institutions
  • Stanford Linear Accelerator Center
  • University of Tennessee
  • University of Oregon
ThesisInclusive and Semi-inclusive Charge Structure in Pion-Proton Multiparticle Production Reactions at 150 GeV/c
Doctoral advisorRichard K. Yamamoto

Early life and education edit

James Edward Brau, son of Rose and James Ernest Brau, was born in 1946 in Tacoma, Washington, in the U.S. He was graduated in 1965 from Lincoln High School in Tacoma. Brau received an appointment from Rep. Thor Tollefson to the United States Air Force Academy (USAFA), where he double-majored in physics and mathematics, earning a Bachelor of Science in 1969. He earned a Scientiæ Magister degree in physics in 1970 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) working with advisor Irwin A. Pless.[1]

While in the Air Force he took graduate classes at the University of New Mexico in 1972–1973.[1] Based on data collected at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory with research advisor Richard K. Yamamoto, in January 1978 he earned a Doctor of Philosophy degree in physics at MIT. He was supported by a Fannie and John Hertz Foundation Fellowship from 1969 to 1970 and 1974–77.[2][3]

Brau married in 1969 and has two adult sons and four grandchildren.[1]

Career and research edit

Brau served in the Guidance Test Directorate at Holloman Air Force Base in 1970–1971, and in the Theoretical Branch of the Air Force Weapons Laboratory at Kirtland Air Force Base during 1971–1974, working with Gregory Canavan. At Kirtland Brau carried out theoretical studies of laser-target interactions, electromagnetic pulse, and charged particle beams. He served as chief of the General Physics Group in 1973–1974, and resigned his Air Force commission in 1974 as a captain.[1]

He was a research associate at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) in the bubble chamber experimental research group from 1978 to 1982. There he was responsible for the hybrid bubble chamber facility's lead glass detector, in collaboration with colleagues from Duke University, Florida State University and the University of Tennessee.[4] On the physics faculty at the University of Tennessee from 1982 to 1988, he continued investigations of photoproduction of charmed particles and vector mesons at SLAC.[1] He joined the SLD Collaboration, beginning preparations for an experiment at the SLAC Linear Collider. He studied the design of a uranium calorimeter for SLD and in 1985 published an analysis in collaboration with Tony A. Gabriel — the first to show that despite earlier experimental work, compensation cannot be achieved with liquid argon readout. Using Monte Carlo calculations, Brau and Gabriel showed the importance of low energy neutron interactions with the readout medium hydrogen to achieve compensation.[5]

Brau joined the physics faculty at the University of Oregon in 1988, establishing the first Oregon experimental particle physics group to collaborate with Oregon's existing particle theory group.[6] During early years at Oregon, Brau's research continued to be based on the SLAC Linear Collider where he collaborated on the SLD experiment. He led the design, construction and operation of an innovative silicon-tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter luminosity monitor.[7] During the active period of the Superconducting Supercollider (SSC) Brau joined the GEM detector project. When the SSC was terminated in 1993, he was appointed project manager for the SLD vertex detector upgrade at SLAC, and led the project which produced a 307,000,000 pixel CCD vertex detector for SLD.[8]

The University of Oregon established the Center for High Energy Physics in 1997, with Brau as founding director. The Center sponsors seminars, visiting scientists, interactions between theoretical and experimental physicists, and also supports graduate students.[9]

Brau led the Oregon group into the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Scientific Collaboration in 1997; he was a co-author of the 2016 gravitational wave discovery paper.[10]

Brau's research group participated in the NuTeV experiment at Fermilab and BaBar at PEP-II at SLAC before applying to join the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in 2005. Brau leads the UO group of faculty, postdoctoral researchers and graduate students at the LHC; in 2012 he was a co-author of the ATLAS Higgs boson discovery paper.[11][12]

The UO experimental group has grown to include approximately 30 researchers, including five faculty, as well as post-doctoral students, graduate students and undergraduates. The group has been supported since 1988 by a total of more than US$ 30 million in grants from the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation.[1]

Brau has served on numerous advisory panels and review committees, including the Department of Energy High Energy Physics Advisory Panel (HEPAP) from 2005 to 2008; the HEPAP Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel, from 2007 to 2011; chair, SLAC Scientific Policy Committee from 2001 to 2004; Fermilab Physics Advisory Committee from 2002 to 2006; Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Physics Review Committee from 2003 to 2007; the International Advisory Board, Physics at the Terascale, Strategic Helmholtz Alliance, Germany, since 2007; and the International Advisory Committee, International Conference on Calorimetry in Particle Physics, since 2013.[1]

Brau co-chaired the organizing committee of the World-wide Study of the Physics and Detectors for Future Linear electron-positron Colliders from 2002 to 2014.[13] He has been a leader in the worldwide collaboration to design and build the International Linear Collider.[2][13][14] In December 2016 Brau was named "Associate Director for Physics and Detectors" of the Linear Collider Collaboration, effective January 2017.[15]

Ph.D. graduates advised edit

  • Pitts, K.T. (1 March 1994). Electroweak coupling measurements from polarized Bhabha scattering at the Z0 resonance (Thesis). pp. SLAC––446, 10114075. Bibcode:1994PhDT.........4P. doi:10.2172/10114075.
  • Hwang, H (6 January 2004). QCD Test in Three-Jet Z0 Decays at SLD and Detector Development for H0 --> Gamma Gamma Searches in High-Energy Hadron Colliders (Thesis). pp. SLAC–R–689, 826663. doi:10.2172/826663. S2CID 123842272.
  • Langston, Matthew D (15 July 2003). A Measurement of the Effective Electron Neutral Current Coupling Parameters from Polarized Bhabha Scattering at the Z0 Resonance (Thesis). pp. SLAC–R–629, 813363. Bibcode:2003PhDT.......104L. doi:10.2172/813363. OSTI 813363.
  • Walston, S (22 June 2004). Heavy Flavor Decays of the Z0 and a Search for Flavor Changing Neutral Currents (Thesis). pp. SLAC–R–728, 827017. Bibcode:2004PhDT........67W. doi:10.2172/827017. OSTI 827017.
  • Ito, Masahiro (2006). Search for supernova induced gravitational wave bursts with optimal filter technique on LIGO science data (Thesis). ProQuest 305274497.
  • Strube, Jan (September 2008). Analysis of radiative decays of charged B mesons to baryonic final states (Thesis). hdl:1794/9022.
  • Searcy, Jacob (11 July 2013). Measurement of the Top Quark Pair Production Cross Section in p-p Collisions at √s = 7 TeV in the l + τ Channel with ATLAS (Thesis). hdl:1794/12944.
  • Brost, Elizabeth (27 October 2016). Search for the Flavor-Changing Neutral Current in Top Pair Events in sqrt(s) = 8 TeV Proton-Proton Collisions at the Large Hadron Collider Using the ATLAS Detector (Thesis). hdl:1794/20406.
  • Wanotayaroj, Chaowaroj (1 May 2017). Search for a Scalar Partner of the Top Quark in the Jets+ETMiss Final State with the ATLAS detector (Thesis). hdl:1794/22275.
  • Barkeloo, Jason (24 September 2020). Search for the Flavor-Changing Neutral Current, t->qgamma, in Top Pair Events Using the Atlas Detector (Thesis). hdl:1794/25619.
  • Steinhebel, Amanda (13 September 2021). Much Ado About Nothing: Searches for Higgs Boson Decays to Invisible Particles (Thesis). hdl:1794/26657.

Honors and awards edit

Upon graduation from USAFA, Brau received the award as Outstanding Cadet in Physics of the Class of 1969.[1] He was a Hertz Foundation Fellow for the duration of his graduate work at MIT.[2][16]

In 2000, Brau was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society, for "contributions to the development of particle detectors, particularly calorimeters and vertex detectors, and for studies of the properties of the Z boson with the SLD".[17]

Brau is a senior member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.[1]

At the University of Oregon in 2006, Brau was named Philip H. Knight Professor of Natural Science, an endowed position funded by Oregon alumnus Philip H. Knight.[1]

In 2009 he was elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, for "distinguished contributions to the field of elementary particle physics, particularly for developing and applying new technologies to facilitate precision tests of the Standard Model".[18][19]

In 2011, Brau received the University of Oregon Research Innovation Award.[6] In 2012, he was chosen to deliver the Inaugural Presidential Research Lecture at the University of Oregon.[20]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Curriculum vitae, James E. Brau" (PDF). University of Oregon. 2016. Retrieved March 31, 2016.
  2. ^ a b c "2016 Fellows Summer Workshop". www.hertzfoundation.org. Archived from the original on August 29, 2017. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
  3. ^ "James Brau". hertzfoundation.org. Retrieved 2017-08-20.
  4. ^ Brau, J.E.; Butler, J.; Bugg, W.M.; Carroll, J.T.; Cautis, C.V.; Cohn, H.O.; Condo, G.; Dado, S.; Davenport, F.; Diamond, R.; Erickson, R.; Ferguson, M.; Field, R.C.; Fortney, L.R.; Franek, B.; Gearhart, R.; Glanzman, T.; Goldberg, J.; Goshaw, A.T.; Hagopian, V.; Handler, T.; Hargis, H.J.; Hart, E.; Huang, D.Q.; Kelsey, D.P.; Lannutti, J.; Lucas, P.W.; Moffeit, K.C.; Maruyama, T.; Palounek, A.P.T.; Parker, D.B.; Rafatian, A.; Robertson, W.J.; Rogers, A.H.; Sugahara, R.; Takahashi, K.; Tether, S.; Walker, W.D.; Yamaguchi, A.; Yamamoto, R.K. (May 1982). "The lead glass columns: A large shower detector at the SLAC hybrid facility". Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. 196 (2–3): 403–413. Bibcode:1982NIMPR.196..403B. doi:10.1016/0029-554X(82)90105-7. OSTI 1446127.
  5. ^ Brau, J.; Hargis, H. J.; Gabriel, T. A.; Bishop, B. L. (January 1, 1985). "Monte Carlo Studies of Uranium Calorimetry". Nucl. Instrum. Methods A. 238 (2–3): 489–495. Bibcode:1985NIMPA.238..489B. doi:10.1016/0168-9002(85)90490-5.
  6. ^ a b "2011 Research Innovation Awards - Discovery and Connection". University of Oregon. June 2011. Archived from the original on January 17, 2013. Retrieved April 9, 2016.
  7. ^ Berridge, S. C.; Brau, J. E.; Bugg, W. M.; Frey, R.; Furuno, K.; Gioumousis, A.; Haller, G.; Huber, Jennifer S.; Hwang, H. (January 1, 1992). "First results from the SLD silicon calorimeters". IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 39 (5): 1242–1248. Bibcode:1992ITNS...39.1242B. doi:10.1109/23.173184. S2CID 12582455.
  8. ^ Abe, K.; Arodzero, A.; Baltay, C.; Brau, J. E.; Breidenbach, M.; Burrows, P. N.; Chou, Aaron S.; Crawford, G.; Damerell, C. J. S. (January 1, 1997). "Design and performance of the SLD vertex detector, a 307 Mpixel tracking system". Nucl. Instrum. Methods A. 400 (2–3): 287–343. Bibcode:1997NIMPA.400..287A. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.432.6540. doi:10.1016/S0168-9002(97)01011-5.
  9. ^ "Center for High Energy Physics". pages.uoregon.edu. Retrieved 2016-07-19.
  10. ^ LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration (2016-02-11). "Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger". Physical Review Letters. 116 (6): 061102. arXiv:1602.03837. Bibcode:2016PhRvL.116f1102A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.061102. PMID 26918975. S2CID 119286014.
  11. ^ "UO physicists to seek dark matter particles when collider resumes - Around the O". around.uoregon.edu. 2015-04-14. Retrieved April 1, 2016.
  12. ^ Aad, G.; et al. (21 December 2012). "A Particle Consistent with the Higgs Boson Observed with the ATLAS Detector at the Large Hadron Collider". Science. 338 (6114): 1576–1582. Bibcode:2012Sci...338.1576Q. doi:10.1126/science.1232005. hdl:11376/1489. PMID 23258888.
  13. ^ a b "International Organizing Committee". uoregon.edu. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
  14. ^ "Jim Brau - LC NewsLine". newsline.linearcollider.org. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
  15. ^ "Press statement LCWS2016, LC NewsLine". Newsline, the Newsletter of the Linear Collider Community. Linear Collider Collaboration. December 8, 2016. Retrieved December 16, 2016.
  16. ^ "Hertz Foundation Fellows". hertzfoundation.org. Archived from the original on March 5, 2017. Retrieved May 5, 2016.
  17. ^ "APS Fellow Archive". www.aps.org. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
  18. ^ "Brau, DeRose and Tyler elected AAAS fellows". uonews.uoregon.edu. December 7, 2009. Retrieved May 6, 2016.
  19. ^ "Elected Fellows - AAAS". membercentral.aaas.org. American Association for the Advancement of Science. 2009. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
  20. ^ "Inaugural Presidential Research Lecture will explore the Higgs boson". University of Oregon. 2012.

External links edit

  • Official website
  • Oral history interview transcript with James Brau on 11 May 2021, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr & Archives
  • Einstein's Warped Universe: Riding Gravitational Waves through Space-Time (video, 1:22:56 hours)
  • The Higgs-Boson: Window on the Big Bang (video, 1:23:47 hours) (UO Presidential research lecture)
  • How Solar Eclipses Enable Scientific Discoveries (movie of slides from 2017 Solar Eclipse Watch Party lecture at Salem, Oregon Fairgrounds; requires QuickTime player)
  • I want the ILC! by Jim Brau (video, 1:22 minutes)
  • Recent Discoveries on the Frontiers of Science (mp4 video, 59 minutes)
  • Two Minutes of Darkness: Dr. Jim Brau on the Total Eclipse (audio, 5:29 minutes)

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