James Metcalfe (died 1730) of Roxton, Bedfordshire was a British Tory politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1728 to 1730.

Metcalfe's parentage has not been ascertained. He acquired his property at Roxton, Bedfordshire after 1715.^[1]

At the 1727 British general election Metcalfe stood on the Tory interest for Parliament at Bedford. He was defeated in the poll, but on petition, by a compromise, he was declared duly elected on 16 April 1728. Though a Tory, he supported the Administration in Parliament, and voted with them on the civil list arrears in April 1729, and on the Hessians in February 1730.^[1]

Matcalfe was taken seriously ill by 26 November 1730 and was buried on 4 December 1730 at Roxton.^[1] He left one surviving daughter Sarah, who married John Affleck of Dalham, MP.^[2]