Summary
I-19 was a Japanese Type B1 submarine which damaged and destroyed several enemy ships during World War II while serving in the Imperial Japanese Navy. During the Guadalcanal Campaign, with a single torpedo salvo, the submarine sank the aircraft carrier USS Wasp and the destroyer USS O'Brien and damaged the battleship USS North Carolina.
 I-19 in 1943
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| History | |
|---|---|
 Japan | |
| Name | I-19 |
| Builder | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Kobe |
| Laid down | 15 March 1938 |
| Launched | 16 September 1939 |
| Completed | 28 April 1941 |
| Stricken | 1 April 1944 |
| Fate | Depth charged and sunk 25 November 1943 by USS Radford. |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Type B1 submarine |
| Displacement |
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| Length | 108.7 m (357 ft) |
| Beam | 9.3 m (31 ft) |
| Draught | 5.14 m (16.9 ft) |
| Propulsion |
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| Speed |
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| Range | 14,000 nautical miles (26,000 km) at 16 knots (30 km/h) |
| Test depth | 100 m (330 ft) |
| Complement | 94 officers and men |
| Armament |
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| Aircraft carried | 1 Yokosuka E14Y floatplane |
| Service record[2] | |
| Part of: |
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| Commanders: |
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| Victories: | |
Service history edit
Attacks off California edit
I-19 attacked the SS H.M. Storey as she was bringing oil to Los Angeles on 22 December 1941, chasing the ship for an hour. Two miles off Point Arguello California, 55 miles north of Santa Barbara, the captain of I-19, Narahara, fired three torpedoes at H.M. Storey. All missed. A US Navy plane saw the sub and dropped depth charges. The sub was forced to dive and end the attack.[3][4]
Operation K edit
On 23 February 1942, I-19's Yokosuka E14Y (Glen) floatplane made a night reconnaissance over Pearl Harbor, Hawaii in preparation for Operation K, the second attack on Pearl Harbor by the Imperial Japanese Navy. On 4 March, she arrived at the French Frigate Shoals to serve as a radio beacon for the Kawanishi H8K (Emily) flying boats that were to attack Pearl Harbor. I-19 did not otherwise participate in the attack, which was carried out by two of the planned five H8Ks. No damages were inflicted by either H8K due to weather obscuring the target.
Aleutian Islands campaign edit
In early June 1942, I-19 took part in the opening stages of the Aleutian Islands campaign.[5]
Sinking of USS Wasp and USS O'Brien edit
On 15 September 1942, while patrolling south of the Solomon Islands during the Guadalcanal Campaign under the command of Commander Takakazu Kinashi,[6] I-19 sighted and attacked the U.S. carrier Wasp, firing a spread of six torpedoes. Three of the torpedoes hit the Wasp, causing heavy damage. With power knocked out, Wasp’s damage-control teams were unable to contain fires. She was abandoned and scuttled.
The remaining three torpedoes from the spread hit the U.S. battleship North Carolina and the destroyer O'Brien, the latter of which later sank on 19 October 1942 en route for repairs. North Carolina sustained significant damage and underwent repairs at Pearl Harbor until 16 November 1942.
I-19's torpedo salvo sank an aircraft carrier and a destroyer and severely damaged a battleship, making it one of the most damaging torpedo salvos in history.[7]
"Tokyo Express" edit
From November 1942 until February 1943, I-19 assisted with nocturnal supply and reinforcement deliveries and, later, evacuations for Japanese forces on Guadalcanal. Such missions by Japanese ships to Guadalcanal were called the "Tokyo Express" by Allied forces.
Fiji edit
Between April and September 1943, I-19 was stationed off Fiji. During this time, the submarine sank two Allied cargo ships and heavily damaged one. After sinking the SS William K. Vanderbilt on 16 May 1943, I-19 surfaced and machine-gunned the surviving crew members in their lifeboats, killing one of them.[citation needed]
Loss edit
On 25 November 1943, at 20:49, 50 nautical miles (93 km) west of Makin Island, destroyer USS Radford detected I-19 on the surface with radar. After I-19 submerged, Radford attacked with depth charges. I-19 was lost with all hands in this attack.
Notes edit
- ^ Campbell, John Naval Weapons of World War Two ISBN 0-87021-459-4 p.191
- ^ "I-19". ijnsubsite.info. Retrieved 21 October 2023.
- ^ militarymuseum.org H.M. Storey
- ^ merchantships2.tripod.com H.M. Storey
- ^ Morison, Samuel Eliot, History of United States Naval Operations in World War II, Volume IV: Coral Sea, Midway, and Submarine Actions, May 1942–August 1942, Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1988, p. 173.
- ^ "Kinashi Takakazu 木梨 鷹一". ijnsubsite.info. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
- ^ "type b1". Combinedfleet.com. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
References edit
- Horn, Steve (2005). The Second Attack on Pearl Harbor: Operation K And Other Japanese Attempts to Bomb America in World War II. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-59114-388-8.
- Jentschura, Hansgeorg; Dieter Jung; Peter Mickel (1977). Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869-1945. Annapolis, Maryland, USA: United States Naval Institute. ISBN 0-87021-893-X.
- Milanovich, Kathrin (2021). "The IJN Submarines of the I 15 Class". In Jordan, John (ed.). Warship 2021. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. pp. 29–43. ISBN 978-1-4728-4779-9.
- Parshall, Jon; Bob Hackett; Sander Kingsepp; Allyn Nevitt. "Imperial Japanese Navy Page: IJN Submarine I-19: Tabular Record of Movement". Retrieved 6 July 2006.