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Jean-Pierre Cortot

Summary

Jean-Pierre Cortot (20 August 1787 – 12 August 1843) was a French neoclassical sculptor.

Portrait by Ingres, 1815
Le Triomphe de 1810, sculpted group on the Arc de Triomphe, Paris

Life edit

Cortot was born and died in Paris. He was educated at the École des Beaux Arts in Paris, and won the Prix de Rome in 1809, residing in the Villa Medici in Rome from 1810 to 1813.

Cortot worked in an austere, correct, academic neo-classical style, heir to both classic French models from the late 18th century and the Greco-Roman tradition. His art took on a more romantic expression toward the end of his life.

Appointed a professor at the École, succeeding Charles Dupaty, he was made a member of the Académie des beaux-arts in 1825, again replacing Dupaty. He was made an Officer of the Légion d'honneur in 1841.

Among his students were Joseph-Marius Ramus, Jean-Jacques Feuchère, Pierre-Charles Simart, Jean-Auguste Barre, and the animalier Pierre Louis Rouillard. A street in Montmartre bears his name, and Cortot's grave can be found in Père Lachaise Cemetery.

Early works and works completed in Rome edit

Source: WikiPhidias[1]

Winning the Prix de Rome entitled him to study at the Académie de France in Rome and whilst there he completed several works which were sent back to Paris. He remained in Rome for 5 years.

  • Melpomène. Part of a "surtout" or table decoration. Executed 1808. Held by the Sèvres Cité de la Céramique.
  • La contemplation céleste This 1820 piece is held by the Beaux-arts de Paris, l'école nationale supérieure and was created by Cortot for a competition organised by the school called "Tête d'expression".[2]
  • Déïdamie. Part of a "surtout" or table decoration. Executed 1812. Held by the Sèvres Cité de la Céramique.
  • Pandora. Marble work dating to 1819 now held in the Musée des Beaux-arts de Lyon.[3]
  • Narcisse debout. Marble work dated 1818 held in the Musée des Beaux-arts of Angers. Was shown at the Salon des artistes français in 1814[4]
  • Un jeune pêcheur. Rome.
  • Hyacinthe blessé. Rome.
  • Napoléon 1er. Cortot only completed the plaster model. The project was abandoned when the Empire fell.
  • Phaéton se plaignant à sa mère de l'insulte qu'il a reçue d'Epaphus. Rome.
  • Ulysse, sous le costume d'un mendiant, racontant ses aventures à Pénélope. Rome.
  • Un soldat combattant. Rome.
  • Bust of the painter Guillaume Guillon-Lethière. Rome. 1813.
  • Louis XVIII. Rome. 1816 à 1817.
  • Un philosophe. Rome.

Works after Rome edit

Source: WikiPhidias[1]

Name Location Date Notes
Bust of Eustache of Saint-Pierre Musée des Beaux-arts de Calais. 1820 Bust of one of the so-called "Burghers of Calais".[5]
Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel 1820 A bas-relief, depicting "Entrevue du roi d'Espagne et du duc d'Angoulême au port Sainte-Marie", was completed by Cortot for the arc's façade. It was deposited with the Louvre but has disappeared. The work was submitted to the Paris Salon in 1827.[6]
Equestrian statue of Louis XIII of France. Place des Vosges Paris 1821 It was in 1639 that cardinal de Richelieu instructed that a bronze statue should be erected in the middle of the place Royale (renamedplace des Vosges), partly to help stop the location being used for dueling. The sculptor Pierre II Biard used a cast of a horse intended for a statue of Henri II on which he placed an effigy of Louis XIII which by all accounts was proportionately too big for the horse. The bronze was melted down during the French revolution for the production of canons. In 1825 a new statue was erected, this a white marble work which Cortot had based on a model by Charles Dupaty executed in 1816.
Corneille Hôtel de ville, Rouen 1822 Cortot's white marble statue stands in the Hôtel de Ville's "Hall d'honneur" . The work was exhibited at the Paris Salon of 1822.[7]
Saint-Nicolas-du-Chardonnet-Statue of Christ Paris 1822 See "Liste des œuvres classées à Saint-Nicolas-du-Chardonnet".[8]
Monument Malesherbes Paris-Palais de Justice 1825 Work in marble by Bosio depicts Malesherbes with allegories for France and Fidelty. In bas-reliefs below, Cortot depicts Louis XVI visiting Sèze, Malesherbes and Tronchet in prison.[9][10][11]
La Résurrection du Christ Suresnes 1825 Interior Chapelle du Mont-Valérien[12]
Marie Antoinette soutenue par la Religion Chapelle Expiatoire, Paris This work is held in the Chapelle Expiatoire in Paris. The Musée du Louvre hold the original plaster model[13]
 
Ecce Homo Église Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais, Paris [14]
Sainte Catherine Église de Saint-Gervais et de Saint-Protais, Paris This work was shown at the 1822 Paris Salon.
Notre-Dame de la Garde Marseille 1827 Cortot's plaster model of the Virgin Mary and Child was used by Jean-Baptiste Chanuel as the basis for his silver statue. The plaster model was shown at the 1827 Salon.

[15]

Apollon Bordeaux Musée des Beaux-arts This work was finished off by Cortot after the death of Lemot[16]
Bust of Julie Duvidal Beaux-arts de Paris, l'école nationale supérieure 1824 Work in plaster[17]
Bust of Charles Dupaty 1825 There is a plaster copy of this bust in the Musée d'Aquitaine. The marble version is to be seen in the Bordeaux Musée des Beaux-Arts.

[18]

Ganymède Musée des Beaux-arts d'Angers. Marble statue depicts Ganymède and Jupiter.

[19][20]

La Paix et L'Abondance The Louvre 1824 This sculpture can be seen in the Pavillon Marengo - Aile Nord. It was shown at the Paris Salon of 1824[21]
Daphnis and Chloe The Louvre-Department of Sculptures, Richelieu, ground floor, Cour Puget 1827 This marble work was exhibited at the Paris Salon of 1827 and the plaster model was shown at the Salon 1824 to 1825.
 
Vierge Arras This marble statue is in Arras Cathedral.[22]
Vierge à l'Enfant Suresnes 1829 This limestone statue is located in the Église paroissiale du Coeur-Immaculé-de-Marie. Originally intended for the "chapelle du couvent des pères des missions du mont Valérien", but after a period in the Église paroissiale Saint-Leufroy it was eventually moved in 1908 to Suresnes.

[23]

Maréchal Jean Lannes, Duke of Montebello Lectoure 1831 Statue of one of Naopleon's marshals shown at the Paris Salon in 1831[24]
Le Soldat de Marathon annonçant la victoire The Louvre-Department of Sculptures, Richelieu, ground floor, Cour Puget 1834. This work in marble was subsequently cast in bronze by various foundries including Barbedienne. The plaster version was shown at the Paris Salon in 1822 and the marble version was shown in 1834.[25][26]
Statues representing Brest and Rouen Place de la Concorde
 1836 Between 1833 and 1846, the architect Jacques Hittorff was charged with decorating the area around the central obelisk. He installed two fountains, the "Fontaine des fleuves" and the "Fontaine des mers" and eight statues representing the French cities of Brest, Rouen, Nantes, Bordeaux, Marseille, Lyon, Strasbourg, and Lille. The statues were placed on pedestals positioned at the corners of an octagon. Cortot executed the Brest and Rouen statues, James Pradier the statues representing Lille and Strasbourg, Louis Petitot those representing Lyon and Marseille, and Louis-Denis Caillouette for those representing Nantes and Bordeaux.

[27]

Galerie des Batailles 1839 Cortot's bust of Jean Baptiste Budes, Baron of Guébriant can be seen in the Château de Versailles' Galerie des Batailles.
Pieta Destroyed 1840 This work was submitted to the Paris Salon of 1840. It was intended for the Église de Notre Dame de Lorette but destroyed in 1871.
La France entre la Liberté et l’Ordre public Palais Bourbon, Paris 1838 to 1841 The full title of Cortot's bas-relief in the pediment over the Palais Bourbon is "La France, entre la Liberté et l'Ordre public, appelant à elle les génies du Commerce, de l'Agriculture, de la Paix, de la Guerre et de l'Éloquence". It bears the words

"ICI, FRONTON TRIANGULAIRE DE LA FAÇADE NORD : LA FRANCE, DRAPÉE À L’ANTIQUE, DEBOUT DEVANT SON TRÔNE, ACCOMPAGNÉE DE LA FORCE ET DE LA JUSTICE, APPELLE L’ÉLITE À LA CONFECTION DES LOIS, ŒUVRE DE JEAN-PIERRE CORTOT"

The building is the seat of the French National Assembly, the lower legislative chamber of the French government. Cortot's work replaced the previous sculpture by Evariste Fragonard.[28]

Tomb of Casimir Perier Père Lachaise A large mausoleum was constructed for Casimir Perier in 1837 and it has a statue of Perier by Cortot, who also executed three bas-reliefs on the statue's pedestal representing "l'Éloquence", "la Justice" and "la Force".[29][30]
Pieta and two angels Paris This statue is located in Paris' Église Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais. A combined work of both Cortot and Charles-François Leboeuf-Nanteuil. Cortot sculpted the Pieta and Leboeuf-Nanteuil the two angels.

[31]

Christ Église Saint-Nicolas-du-Chardonnet, Paris [32]
Arc de triomphe Paris 1833 "Le Triomphe de 1810" celebrates the Treaty of Schönbrunn. This group features Napoleon, crowned by the goddess of Victory. The Arc de triomphe was intended to honour the victory of Napoleon's army at Austerlitz and in fact became a monument celebrating all his achievements. The architects Chalgrin, Joust and Blouet were charged with the monument's design and Cortot, François Rude, Antoine Etex and Pradier were chosen to carry out the sculptural work involved. The Arc de Triomphe has three arches and the main hauts-relief are positioned on its four pillars. François Rude's "le Départ des Volontaires" and Cortot's "Le Triomphe de Napoléon" face the Champs Elysées, and Etex's "La République" and "La Paix" face the Avenue de la Grande Armée. Above these hauts-reliefs are six bas-reliefs recalling the battle of Austerlitz, the funeral of Marceau, the taking of Alexandria, the battle of Jemmapes, the passage of the pont d'Arcole and the battle of Aboukir.[33][34]
L'Immortalité The Louvre: Département des Sculptures 1835 The work was intended to replace the cross on the dome of the Panthéon. Corot created a full-scale model in 1835 which was placed in an apse in the Panthéon in 1845, but destroyed in the June uprising of the French Revolution of 1848.[1] In 1860 the Louvre acquired this bronze based on the original drawing by Cortot, and cast by Thiébaut in 1859.[35][36]
 

Gallery of images edit

  •  
    Tomb of Casimir Périer
  •  
    Maréchal Lannes,
  •  
    The statue Brest in Place de la Concorde.
  •  
    Relief on Arc de Triomphe
  •  
    Louis XIII
  •  
    A soldier brings the news to Marathon
  •  
    Soldier returns with news of victory
  •  
    Pandora, 1819

References edit

  1. ^ a b c "wikiphidias". Retrieved 14 March 2014.
  2. ^ "La contemplation céleste". Archived from the original on 14 March 2014. Retrieved 14 March 2014.
  3. ^ "Pandora". 8 March 2013. Retrieved 13 March 2014.
  4. ^ Base Joconde: Narcisse, French Ministry of Culture. (in French)
  5. ^ "Eustache of Saint-Pierre" (PDF). Retrieved 14 March 2014.
  6. ^ Base Joconde: Entrevue du roi d'Espagne et du duc d'Angoulême au port Sainte-Marie, French Ministry of Culture. (in French)
  7. ^ "Statue of Corneille in the Hôtel de Ville". Retrieved 13 March 2014.
  8. ^ fr:Liste des œuvres classées à Saint-Nicolas-du-Chardonnet
  9. ^ Base Palissy: Monument de Lamoignon de Malesherbes, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
  10. ^ Baedeker, Karl (24 September 2013). Palais de Justice (1). BoD – Books on Demand. ISBN 9783956562228. Retrieved 13 March 2014.
  11. ^ "Palais de Justice (2)". Retrieved 13 March 2014.
  12. ^ "La Résurrection du Christ". Retrieved 14 March 2014.
  13. ^ "Marie Antoinette soutenue par la Religion". Retrieved 14 March 2014.
  14. ^ Base Palissy: Ecce Homo, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
  15. ^ "Virgin and child Notre-Dame de la Garde" (PDF). Retrieved 15 March 2014.
  16. ^ "Apollon" (PDF). Retrieved 15 March 2014.
  17. ^ "Buste de Julie Duvidal". Archived from the original on 16 March 2014. Retrieved 15 March 2014.
  18. ^ Base Joconde: Bust of Charles Dupaty, French Ministry of Culture. (in French)
  19. ^ "Ganymède". Retrieved 15 March 2014.
  20. ^ Base Joconde: Ganymède, French Ministry of Culture. (in French)
  21. ^ "La Paix et L'Abondance". Retrieved 15 March 2014.
  22. ^ Base Palissy: Vierge, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
  23. ^ Base Palissy: Vierge à l'Enfant, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
  24. ^ "Jean Lannes". Retrieved 13 March 2014.
  25. ^ "Le Soldat de Marathon annonçant la victoire". Retrieved 12 March 2014.
  26. ^ Base Joconde: Le Soldat de Marathon annonçant la victoire, French Ministry of Culture. (in French)
  27. ^ "Brest". Retrieved 12 March 2014.
  28. ^ "Palais Bourbon". Retrieved 14 March 2014.
  29. ^ "Casimir Perier (1)". Retrieved 13 March 2014.
  30. ^ "Casimir Perier (2)". Retrieved 13 March 2014.
  31. ^ Base Palissy: La Vierge de Pitié, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
  32. ^ Base Palissy: Christ, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
  33. ^ "Le Triomphe de 1810 (1)". Retrieved 12 March 2014.
  34. ^ "Le Triomphe de 1810 (2)". Retrieved 12 March 2014.
  35. ^ "L'Immortalité". Retrieved 13 March 2014.
  36. ^ Fusco, Peter and Janson, H.S., The Romantics to Rodin, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, 1980. pp. 64-65, 182.

Sources edit

  • This page translated from its French equivalent accessed 9/14/2010
 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jean-Pierre Cortot.

External links edit

  • Jean-Pierre Cortot in American public collections, on the French Sculpture Census website  

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