There have been two baronetcies created for people with the surname Jenkinson, both in the Baronetage of England. The seventh holder of the first creation was elevated to the peerage as Earl of Liverpool in 1796, a title which became extinct in 1851.

The first Jenkinson baronetcy, of Walcot in the County of Oxford and of Hawkesbury in the County of Gloucester, was created on 18 May 1661 for Robert Jenkinson.^[1] He had earlier represented Oxfordshire in Parliament. His son, the second Baronet, and grandsons, the third and fourth Baronet, also represented this constituency in the House of Commons. The seventh Baronet (the son of Charles Jenkinson, younger son of the second Baronet) was a prominent politician and notably served as President of the Board of Trade and as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. In 1786 he was created Baron Hawkesbury, of Hawkesbury in the County of Gloucester, in the Peerage of Great Britain, and in 1796 he was further honoured when he was made Earl of Liverpool, also in the Peerage of Great Britain.

His eldest son, the second Earl, was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1812 to 1827. He was succeeded by his half-brother, the third Earl, who notably held office as Lord Steward of the Household from 1841 to 1846. On his death the barony and earldom became extinct. The titles were revived in 1893 and 1905 respectively for his grandson Cecil Foljambe (the son of his daughter Selina Charlotte; see the Earl of Liverpool). The Jenkinson baronetcy passed to the late Earl's first cousin, the tenth Baronet. He represented Dover in the House of Commons. On his death the title passed to his nephew, the eleventh Baronet, the son of the Rt Revd John Jenkinson, Bishop of St David's. He sat as a Conservative Member of Parliament for Wiltshire North. The family seat is Hawkesbury near Badminton in Gloucestershire.

The second Jenkinson baronetcy, of Walton Hall, Chesterfield, in the County of Derby, was created on 17 December 1685 for Paul Jenkinson, who was High Sheriff of Derbyshire in 1687.^[2] The title became extinct on the death of the third Baronet in 1739.