By the mid-eighteenth century, as recent scholarship has shown, this historic relationship had already become significant, particularly in the period of the American revolution. During the American Civil War, Habsburg elites, such as Charles Frederick de Loosey, the Austrian consul in New York, finessed a balance among U.S., Austrian, and Mexican interests.^[3][4] Meanwhile, immigrants from across Austria-Hungary had begun to shape everyday life in the fields of media and commerce, popular and high culture, and more.^{[5] [6]}

The First World War reconfigured Austrian-American relations, not least through the postwar redrawing of Austro-Hungarian borders and the financial reconstruction of the First Austrian Republic.^[7][8] But inasmuch as the U.S. Senate had rejected the Treaty of Versailles, the process of reaching a U.S.-Austrian peace took a circuitous and prolonged path.^[9]

These developments constitute notable early peaks in a twentienth-century characterized by a series of high water marks in political, economic, and diplomatic relations between the two countries.^[10][11] Meanwhile, the entertainment industry continues to reshuffle episodes in Austrian-American history, via familiar tropes of imperial Austria, the Cold War, "Coca-Colonization", and more.^[12][13][14]

The first volume of the Journal of Austrian-American History appeared in 2017. It included articles on Hungarian migrant marriages in the United States, a study of Austrian and Dustbowl refugees, as they appear in Hollywood cinema, and an assessment of Hip hop, Malcolm X, and Muslim activism in Austria.^[15][16][17] The volume that followed featured a special issue on migration from Central Europe, together with articles on the ties between the industrialist and arts patron Walter Paepcke, the Hungarian artist László Moholy-Nagy, and an emerging Bauhaus sensibility in Chicago, among others.^[18]

The Journal has also presented archival research foregrounding the correspondence of prominent Habsburg-Americans, with articles devoted to John R. Palandech (Ivan Palandačić), the well-known immigrant publisher, politician, and entrepreneur in Chicago, and an essay by Walter D. Kamphoefner on language and loyalty among German Americans during World War I.^[19][20] Oral histories of American diplomatic personnel stationed in Vienna from 1945–55, recorded by the Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training, are also featured.^[21]

The 2020 volume includes an investigation of Vienna and the British-American film production, The Third Man, as a locus classicus for postwar espionage, together with an assessment by Günter Bischof of Allied post-World War II occupation and nation-building, and its lessons for the future.^[22][23] In addition, Jacqueline Vansant edits a special issue on "Austrian Children and Youth Fleeing Nazi Austria", with four contributions, ranging from an essay on Ernst Papanek to an article on intracategorical complexity in the memoirs of young Jewish Austrian emigrants to the United States.^[24][25][26] The 2021 volume contained a special issue on "Americans in Vienna 1945-1955", while the 2022 volume included a special issue on "Musical Diplomacy in Austrian-American Relations." In 2023, the journal devoted a special issue to the Hungarian-American scholar István Deák.

The editorial board of the Journal of Austrian-American History is composed of leading scholars in Austrian history in the United States and Europe, including Siegfried Beer, Peter Becker, Günter Bischof, Gary B. Cohen, Olivia Florek, Farid Hafez, Christian Karner, Teresa Kovacs, Nathan Marcus, Britta McEwen, Peter Meilaender, Martin Nedbal, Nicole M. Phelps, Dominique Reill, and Julia Secklehner. The editor is Michael Burri.

• Austrian Americans
• Austrian Studies Association
• Foreign relations of the United States
• Foreign relations of Austria
• Transatlantic relations