Kaipara is a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate north of Auckland that existed from 1902 to 1946, and from 1978 to 1996.
The Representation Act 1900 had increased the membership of the House of Representatives from general electorates 70 to 76, and this was implemented through the 1902 electoral redistribution. In 1902, changes to the country quota affected the three-member electorates in the four main centres. The tolerance between electorates was increased to ±1,250 so that the Representation Commissions (since 1896, there had been separate commissions for the North and South Islands) could take greater account of communities of interest. These changes proved very disruptive to existing boundaries, and six electorates were established for the first time, including Kaipara, and two electorates that previously existed were re-established.[1]
The electorate was rural and located north of Auckland city, in the North Auckland region.
The electorate was created for the 1902 election, and abolished in 1946.[2] The first representative was the independent conservative Alfred Harding.[3] In the 1905 election, Harding stood for the breakaway New Liberal Party, but was beaten by John Stallworthy of the Liberal Party.[4]
In the 1911 election, Stallworthy was beaten by Gordon Coates, who was Prime Minister from 1925 to 1928, and who held the electorate until he died in May 1943.[5] As a (belated) wartime general election was to be held shortly, a by-election was postponed through the By-elections Postponement Act 1943,[6] and Clifton Webb succeeded Coates at the general election in September 1943.[7] When the Kaipara electorate was abolished in 1946, Webb successfully stood in the Rodney electorate.[8]
Kaipara was recreated in 1978,[2] and again replaced by Rodney in 1996. Lockwood Smith then transferred to Rodney, and later became the Speaker of the House.
Key
Independent | Liberal | Reform |
National | Ind. National |
Election | Winner | |
---|---|---|
1902 election | Alfred Harding | |
1905 election | John Stallworthy | |
1908 election | ||
1911 election | Gordon Coates | |
1914 election | ||
1919 election | ||
1922 election | ||
1925 election | ||
1928 election | ||
1931 election | ||
1935 election | ||
1938 election | ||
1943 election | Clifton Webb | |
(electorate abolished 1946–1978, see Rodney) | ||
1978 election | Peter Wilkinson | |
1981 election | ||
1984 election | Lockwood Smith | |
1987 election | ||
1990 election | ||
1993 election | ||
(electorate abolished 1996, see Rodney) |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent National | Clifton Webb | 4,950 | 56.77 | ||
Labour | John Stewart | 2,171 | 24.90 | ||
Independent | Percy MacGregor Stewart | 1,597 | 18.31 | -21.33 | |
Informal votes | 45 | 0.51 | -0.18 | ||
Majority | 2,779 | 31.87 | |||
Turnout | 8,718 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
National | Gordon Coates | 5,414 | 57.62 | +8.78 | |
Labour | Percy MacGregor Stewart | 3,725 | 39.64 | ||
Country Party | James Scott-Davidson | 257 | 2.74 | ||
Informal votes | 65 | 0.69 | -0.74 | ||
Majority | 1,689 | 17.98 | +14.87 | ||
Turnout | 9,461 | 92.85 | +3.17 | ||
Registered electors | 10,190 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reform | Gordon Coates | 4,738 | 48.84 | -14.30 | |
Independent | William Grounds | 4,436 | 45.72 | ||
Democrat | John Caughley | 528 | 5.44 | ||
Informal votes | 141 | 1.45 | +1.06 | ||
Majority | 302 | 3.11 | -23.16 | ||
Turnout | 9,702 | 89.68 | +5.21 | ||
Registered electors | 10,818 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reform | Gordon Coates | 5,008 | 63.14 | -2.52 | |
Country Party | Albert Edward Robinson[15] | 2,924 | 36.86 | ||
Majority | 2,084 | 26.27 | -5.04 | ||
Informal votes | 23 | 0.29 | -1.10 | ||
Turnout | 7,955 | 84.47 | -3.38 | ||
Registered electors | 9,418 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reform | Gordon Coates | 5,190 | 65.65 | -14.22 | |
Labour | Jim Barclay | 2,715 | 34.35 | ||
Informal votes | 111 | 1.38 | -0.10 | ||
Majority | 2,475 | 31.31 | -29.92 | ||
Turnout | 8,016 | 87.85 | -1.07 | ||
Registered electors | 9,125 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reform | Gordon Coates | 6,307 | 79.87 | +14.42 | |
Labour | Bill Barnard | 1,472 | 18.64 | ||
Informal votes | 117 | 1.48 | +0.15 | ||
Majority | 4,835 | 61.23 | +28.98 | ||
Turnout | 7,896 | 89.82 | +0.04 | ||
Registered electors | 8,790 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reform | Gordon Coates | 5,001 | 65.45 | -13.53 | |
Liberal | Robert Hornblow | 2,537 | 33.20 | ||
Informal votes | 102 | 1.33 | -2.38 | ||
Majority | 2,464 | 32.25 | -29.43 | ||
Turnout | 7,640 | 88.88 | +11.24 | ||
Registered electors | 8,595 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reform | Gordon Coates | 4,214 | 78.98 | +19.77 | |
Labour | Alfred Gregory | 923 | 17.30 | ||
Informal votes | 198 | 3.71 | +2.20 | ||
Majority | 3,291 | 61.68 | +43.28 | ||
Turnout | 5,335 | 77.64 | -8.19 | ||
Registered electors | 6,871 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reform | Gordon Coates | 3,596 | 59.21 | +3.52 | |
Liberal | Richard Hoe | 2,478 | 40.79 | ||
Informal votes | 92 | 1.51 | 1.29 | ||
Majority | 1,118 | 18.40 | +6.80 | ||
Turnout | 6,074 | 85.83 | +7.63 | ||
Registered electors | 7,076 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent | Gordon Coates | 2,744 | 55.69 | +19.32 | |
Liberal | John Stallworthy | 2,172 | 44.08 | -1.33 | |
Informal votes | 11 | 0.22 | -1.26 | ||
Majority | 572 | 11.60 | |||
Turnout | 4,927 | 78.20 | -2.22 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | John Stallworthy | 2,301 | 45.41 | ||
Independent | Gordon Coates | 1,843 | 36.37 | ||
Reform | Edward Thurlow Field | 848 | 16.73 | ||
Informal votes | 75 | 1.48 | |||
Turnout | 5,067 | 80.42 | |||
Registered electors | 6,300 |