Kim Chon-hae (Korean: 김천해; Hanja: 金天海; RR: Gim Cheon-hae, Japanese reading: Kin Tenkai; 10 May 1898 – c. 1969) was a Zainichi Korean who was a leading figure in the Japanese Communist Party and a founder of the pro-communist Chōren, predecessor of the modern Chongryon. He was subsequently a politician in North Korea, holding posts connected to the Workers' Party of Korea.
Kim Chon-hae | |
Korean name | |
---|---|
Hangul | 김천해 |
Hanja | 金天海 |
Revised Romanization | Gim Cheon-hae |
McCune–Reischauer | Kim Ch'ŏn-hae |
Art name | |
Hangul | 김학의 |
Hanja | 金鶴儀 |
Revised Romanization | Gim Hak-ui |
McCune–Reischauer | Kim Hak-ŭi |
Japanese name: Kin Tenkai (金天海) |
Born in 1898 at Ulsan, in 1920 he moved to Japan and studied mathematics at Nihon University in Tokyo. While there, he organized a Korean workers' movement and was elected chairman of the Federal Union of Zainichi Koreans.[1] Detained as a political prisoner, he was released on 10 October 1945 after Japan's defeat in the Second World War, and became a member of the executive committee of the JCP.[2]
Although Chōren was founded as a non-political organization, his appointment as supreme adviser ensured its drift toward the left.[2] Under Kim's influence, the League purged its anti-communist members and in February 1946 it joined the Korean Democratic National Front.[3] In 1951, Edward Wagner described Kim as "the man who probably is to be credited more than any other with shaping the League's political orientation and preserving its undeviating character".[4]
He subsequently moved to North Korea in 1950 and became a member of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea,[5] and from April 1956 he served as chairman of the Fatherland Front.[6] He remained in the Front's presidium through the first half of the 1960s.[7] North Korean official sources state that Kim died in 1969,[8] but the actual date and circumstances of his death are unknown.[5]