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Kinnelon, New Jersey

Summary

Kinnelon (/ˈkɪnəlɒn/[19]) is a borough in Morris County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, located approximately 33 miles (53 km) west of New York City. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 9,966,[9][10] a decrease of 282 (−2.8%) from the 2010 census count of 10,248,[20][21] which in turn reflected an increase of 883 (+9.4%) from the 9,365 counted in the 2000 census.[22] It is a low-density, suburban community, with many parks and trails.

Kinnelon, New Jersey
Borough
Tripod Rock in Pyramid Mountain County Park
Tripod Rock in Pyramid Mountain County Park
Official seal of Kinnelon, New Jersey
Seal
Location of Kinnelon in Morris County highlighted in red (right). Inset map: Location of Morris County in New Jersey highlighted in orange (left).
Location of Kinnelon in Morris County highlighted in red (right). Inset map: Location of Morris County in New Jersey highlighted in orange (left).
Census Bureau map of Kinnelon, New Jersey
Census Bureau map of Kinnelon, New Jersey
Kinnelon is located in Morris County, New Jersey
Kinnelon
Kinnelon
Location in Morris County
Kinnelon is located in New Jersey
Kinnelon
Kinnelon
Location in New Jersey
Kinnelon is located in the United States
Kinnelon
Kinnelon
Location in the United States
Coordinates: 40°58′55″N 74°23′09″W / 40.982036°N 74.385896°W / 40.982036; -74.385896[1][2]
Country United States
State New Jersey
County Morris
IncorporatedMarch 21, 1922
Named forFrancis S. Kinney
Government
[6]
 • TypeBorough
 • BodyBorough Council
 • MayorJames J. Freda (R, term ends December 31, 2026)[3][4]
 • Municipal clerkKaren Iuele[5]
Area
[7]
 • Total19.25 sq mi (49.86 km2)
 • Land18.04 sq mi (46.73 km2)
 • Water1.21 sq mi (3.13 km2)  6.27%
 • Rank146th of 565 in state
10th of 39 in county[1]
Elevation
[8]
699 ft (213 m)
Population
 (2020)[9][10]
 • Total9,966
 • Estimate 
(2022)[9][11]
9,985
 • Rank246th of 565 in state
20th of 39 in county[12]
 • Density552.8/sq mi (213.4/km2)
  • Rank437th of 565 in state
33rd of 39 in county[12]
Time zoneUTC−05:00 (Eastern (EST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC−04:00 (Eastern (EDT))
ZIP Code
07405[13][14]
Area code(s)201 and 973[15]
FIPS code3402737110[1][16][17]
GNIS feature ID0885269[1][18]
Websitewww.kinnelonboro.org

Once known as Charlotteburg, Kinnelon was formed as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 20, 1922, from portions of Pequannock Township, based on the results of a referendum passed on March 21, 1922.[23][24][25] The borough's name comes from Francis S. Kinney, who purchased 5,000 acres (20 km2) of land in the 1880s for an estate that included Lake Kinnelon, and built St. Hubert's Chapel in 1886 on an island in the lake.[26][27]

Kinnelon is home to Smoke Rise, a private gated community that describes itself as one of the oldest gated communities in the United States.[28] It includes more than 900 unique homes located on 3,500 acres (1,400 ha) in addition to Lake Kinnelon and Kitty Ann Mountain.[26]

In 2012, Forbes.com listed Kinnelon as 462nd in its listing of "America's Most Expensive ZIP Codes", with a median home price of $630,414.[29]

The borough is one of the state's highest-income communities.[30] Based on data from the American Community Survey (ACS) for 2014–2018, Kinnelon residents had a median household income of $156,048, almost double the statewide median of $79,363.[31][32][33]

History edit

Once known as Charlotteburg (named after Charlotte, wife of King George III of Great Britain), Kinnelon was formed as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 20, 1922, from portions of Pequannock Township, based on the results of a referendum passed on March 21, 1922.[23][24][25]

By the 1880s Francis Kinney, a 19th-century industrialist who founded Kinney Brothers Tobacco Company built an estate that dates back to 1884. Kinney purchased upwards of 5,000 acres (20 km2) of land and built a colossal "summer cottage" known as Smoke Rise, which is a translation of the Pequannock Native American name for the mountainous area, where a heavy mist often rises at sunset. His son, Morris Kinney, for whom the borough of Kinnelon was named 41 years later, lived most of his life on the estate.

Upon Morris Kinney's death in 1945, he left the estate to longtime friend John Talbot Sr., former mayor of the borough, and a founder of the Chilton Memorial Hospital, Pompton Plains (John Talbot Sr. was a real estate developer in New York City and a patron of the arts and was credited with the revival of ballet as a major art form in the United States in the 1930s), as a tribute to their lifetime friendship and mutually shared love of Smoke Rise.

Following the Second World War, the need for suburban housing became evident, John Talbot Sr. went on to create The Smoke Rise Club, one of the earliest community club plans in the United States. Unlike so many developers, he insisted that the land be kept in its natural state as far as possible.[34] When friends asked to purchase land on the estate to build homes, Talbot decided to develop a planned community designed primarily to serve New York corporation executives. The Smoke Rise Club was the result in November 1946.

Geography edit

According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough had a total area of 19.24 square miles (49.82 km2), including 18.03 square miles (46.70 km2) of land and 1.21 square miles (3.13 km2) of water (6.27%).[1][2]

The borough is home to Silas Condict County Park, which covers 1,000 acres (400 ha) and was dedicated in 1964.[35] Tripod Rock is located in Kinnelon's Pyramid Mountain Natural Historical Area, portions of which are located in the borough.[36] Its largest lake is Lake Kinnelon, which is within Smoke Rise, a private gated community of 900 homes located on 3,500 acres (1,400 ha).[26]

Unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the township include Bald Hill, Brook Valley, Charlottesburg, Fayson Lakes, Ideal Lake, Jacksonville, Saw Mill Pond, Smoke Rise, Stickle Pond, Sun Tan Lake, Surprise Lake and Untermeyer Lake.[37]

Splitrock Reservoir is 625 acres (2.53 km2) of wilderness, located on the borders of Kinnelon and Rockaway Township.[38]

The highest mountain in Kinnelon is Kitty Ann Mountain. Located in Smoke Rise, the mountain offers views of northern New Jersey at an elevation of 1,140 feet (350 m) from the Smoke Rise Tower.[39]

Portions of the borough are owned by the City of Newark, Essex County, for their Pequannock River Watershed, which provides water to the city from an area of 35,000 acres (14,000 ha) that also includes portions of Hardyston Township, Jefferson Township, Rockaway Township, Vernon Township and West Milford.[40][41]

Kinnelon borders the municipalities of Boonton Township, Butler, Lincoln Park, Montville, Pequannock Township, Riverdale and Rockaway Township in Morris County; and West Milford in Passaic County.[42][43][44]

Demographics edit

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1930428—
194074574.1%
19501,35081.2%
19604,431228.2%
19707,60071.5%
19807,7702.2%
19908,4709.0%
20009,36510.6%
201010,2489.4%
20209,966−2.8%
2022 (est.)9,985[9][11]0.2%
Population sources:1930[45]
1940–2000[46] 2000[47][48]
2010[20][21] 2020[9][10]

2010 census edit

The 2010 United States census counted 10,248 people, 3,472 households, and 2,927 families in the borough. The population density was 569.7 per square mile (220.0/km2). There were 3,600 housing units at an average density of 200.1 per square mile (77.3/km2). The racial makeup was 93.05% (9,536) White, 0.91% (93) Black or African American, 0.05% (5) Native American, 4.26% (437) Asian, 0.00% (0) Pacific Islander, 0.51% (52) from other races, and 1.22% (125) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.08% (418) of the population.[20]

Of the 3,472 households, 41.8% had children under the age of 18; 74.4% were married couples living together; 7.4% had a female householder with no husband present and 15.7% were non-families. Of all households, 12.8% were made up of individuals and 5.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.95 and the average family size was 3.24.[20]

27.2% of the population were under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 19.0% from 25 to 44, 35.1% from 45 to 64, and 12.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43.5 years. For every 100 females, the population had 99.7 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 95.8 males.[20]

The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $129,664 (with a margin of error of +/− $11,416) and the median family income was $144,318 (+/− $7,698). Males had a median income of $98,094 (+/− $7,382) versus $71,886 (+/− $9,897) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $56,826 (+/− $3,939). About 1.4% of families and 1.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.4% of those under age 18 and 0.8% of those age 65 or over.[49]

2000 census edit

As of the 2000 United States census[16] there were 9,365 people, 3,062 households, and 2,685 families residing in the borough. The population density was 523.5 inhabitants per square mile (202.1/km2). There were 3,123 housing units at an average density of 174.6 per square mile (67.4/km2). The racial makeup of the borough was 95.60% White, 0.58% African American, 0.04% Native American, 2.84% Asian, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 0.23% from other races, and 0.61% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 2.33% of the population.[47][48]

There were 3,062 households, out of which 45.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 80.6% were married couples living together, 5.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 12.3% were non-families. 9.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.06 and the average family size was 3.27.[47][48]

In the borough the population was spread out, with 30.0% under the age of 18, 4.3% from 18 to 24, 27.0% from 25 to 44, 29.7% from 45 to 64, and 9.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.9 males.[47][48]

The median income for a household in the borough was $105,991, and the median income for a family was $110,593. Males had a median income of $88,870 versus $65,069 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $45,796. About 2.3% of families and 2.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.9% of those under age 18 and 0.6% of those age 65 or over.[47][48]

Club communities edit

 
Smoke Rise East Gate Entrance

Kinnelon is home to two club communities: Smoke Rise and Fayson Lakes. About 42% of the borough's total households reside between these two communities.[50]

  • Smoke Rise is a private gated residential community established in 1948. It is one of the oldest gated communities in the United States, boasting over 900 unique homes located on 3,500 acres (1,400 ha) in addition to Lake Kinnelon and Kitty Ann Mountain.[26][28]
  • Fayson Lakes was founded in 1925 around three lakes located in the southeastern corner of the borough. It is named for the developers who started the community, Frank Fay Jr. and his son Frank Fay III. It has a variety of homes of different sizes and styles ranging from rustic winterized cabins to opulent custom-built homes.[26]

Parks and recreation edit

 
The Kittatinny Valley on top of frozen Lake Kinnelon, next to Kitty Ann Mountain, which reaches 1,152 feet (351 m) in height
  • Silas Condict County Park was established in 1963 and includes picnic areas, athletic fields, hiking trails, and the Casino, an old house that was used as a speakeasy in the Prohibition era. The Casino is used for parties, rentals, and other events. Home to a large lake for fishing and paddle boating, paddle boats are available to rent. The park is operated by the Morris County Park Commission.[35]
  • Stony Brook Park features recreational areas and playgrounds surrounded by a lake.[51]

Economy edit

  • Meadtown Shopping Center – a shopping center located on Route 23 in Kinnelon. It features numerous stores and restaurants.

Government edit

Local government edit

Kinnelon is governed under the borough form of New Jersey municipal government, which is used in 218 municipalities (of the 564) statewide, making it the most common form of government in New Jersey.[52] The governing body is comprised of a mayor and a borough council, with all positions elected at-large on a partisan basis as part of the November general election. A mayor is elected directly by the voters to a four-year term of office. The borough council is comprised of six members elected to serve three-year terms on a staggered basis, with two seats coming up for election each year in a three-year cycle.[6] The borough form of government used by Kinnelon is a "weak mayor / strong council" government in which council members act as the legislative body with the mayor presiding at meetings and voting only in the event of a tie. The mayor can veto ordinances subject to an override by a two-thirds majority vote of the council. The mayor makes committee and liaison assignments for council members, and most appointments are made by the mayor with the advice and consent of the council.[53][54]

As of 2023, the mayor of Kinnelon is Republican James J. Freda, whose term of office ends December 31, 2026.[3] Members of the Borough Council are Council President Sean Mabey (R, 2023), Randall I. Charles (R, 2023), Anthony Chirdo (R, 2025), Eric Harriz (R, 2025), Vincent Russo (R, 2024) and William Yago (R, 2024).[55][56][57][58][59][60][61]

Vincent Russo was appointed to fill the seat expiring in December 2018 that had been held by Carol M. Sventy. In January 2018, James Lorkowski was appointed to fill the seat expiring in December 2019 that had been held by James Freda.

In January 2017, Glenn Sisco was selected from three candidates nominated by the Republican municipal committee and appointed to fill the council seat expiring in December 2017 that had been held by Adam N. Barish; Sisco, served on an interim basis until the November 2017 general election.[62] Sisco served as the mayor of Kinnelon for 42 years, making him one of the longest-serving mayors in the state of New Jersey.[63]

In March 2016, the Borough Council unanimously selected William Neely from three candidates nominated by the Republican municipal committee to fill the seat expiring in December 2016 that had been held by Stephen Cobell until his resignation the previous month after nearly 12 years in office; Neely will serve on an interim basis until the November 2016 general election, when voters will choose a candidate to serve the balance of the term of office.[64]

Selected by a 3–2 majority of the borough council from among three potential candidates, Clifford Giantonio was sworn into office in April 2014 to fill the vacant seat of Ronald Mondello, who had resigned in the previous month citing personal and work conflicts.[65]

Federal, state and county representation edit

Kinnelon is located in the 11th Congressional District[66] and is part of New Jersey's 25th state legislative district.[67]

For the 118th United States Congress, New Jersey's 11th congressional district is represented by Mikie Sherrill (D, Montclair).[68] New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Democrats Cory Booker (Newark, term ends 2027)[69] and Bob Menendez (Englewood Cliffs, term ends 2025).[70][71]

For the 2024-2025 session, the 25th legislative district of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Anthony M. Bucco (R, Boonton Township) and in the General Assembly by Christian Barranco (R, Jefferson Township) and Aura K. Dunn (R, Mendham Borough).[72]

Morris County is governed by a Board of County Commissioners comprised of seven members who are elected at-large in partisan elections to three-year terms on a staggered basis, with either one or three seats up for election each year as part of the November general election.[73] Actual day-to-day operation of departments is supervised by County Administrator Deena Leary.[74]: 8  As of 2024, Morris County's Commissioners are:

John Krickus (R, Chatham Township, 2024),[75] Director Christine Myers (R, Harding, 2025),[76] Douglas Cabana (R, Boonton Township, 2025),[77] Thomas J. Mastrangelo (R, Montville, 2025),[78] Deputy Director Stephen H. Shaw (R, Mountain Lakes, 2024),[79] Deborah Smith (R, Denville, 2024)[80] and Tayfun Selen (R, Chatham Township, 2026)[74]: 2 [81]

The county's constitutional officers are: Clerk Ann F. Grossi (R, Parsippany–Troy Hills, 2028),[82][83] Sheriff James M. Gannon (R, Boonton Township, 2025)[84][85] and Surrogate Heather Darling (R, Roxbury, 2024).[86][87]

Politics edit

As of March 23, 2011, there were a total of 7,122 registered voters in Kinnelon, of which 1,117 (15.7%) were registered as Democrats, 3,310 (46.5%) were registered as Republicans and 2,694 (37.8%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There was one voter registered to another party.[88]

In the 2012 presidential election, Republican Mitt Romney received 65.5% of the vote (3,497 cast), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 33.2% (1,772 votes), and other candidates with 1.3% (68 votes), among the 5,354 ballots cast by the borough's 7,463 registered voters (17 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 71.7%.[89][90] In the 2008 presidential election, Republican John McCain received 62.4% of the vote (3,638 cast), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 36.1% (2,105 votes) and other candidates with 0.9% (55 votes), among the 5,829 ballots cast by the borough's 7,334 registered voters, for a turnout of 79.5%.[91] In the 2004 presidential election, Republican George W. Bush received 64.4% of the vote (3,517 ballots cast), outpolling Democrat John Kerry with 34.7% (1,895 votes) and other candidates with 0.5% (35 votes), among the 5,463 ballots cast by the borough's 6,955 registered voters, for a turnout percentage of 78.5.[92]

In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 75.3% of the vote (2,419 cast), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 23.5% (754 votes), and other candidates with 1.3% (41 votes), among the 3,260 ballots cast by the borough's 7,424 registered voters (46 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 43.9%.[93][94] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 66.2% of the vote (2,669 ballots cast), ahead of Democrat Jon Corzine with 25.6% (1,032 votes), Independent Chris Daggett with 5.9% (237 votes) and other candidates with 1.5% (61 votes), among the 4,034 ballots cast by the borough's 7,167 registered voters, yielding a 56.3% turnout.[95]

Education edit

The Kinnelon Public Schools serves students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade.[96] As of the 2020–21 school year, the district, comprised of four schools, had an enrollment of 1,670 students and 165.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 10.1:1.[97] Schools in the district (with 2020–21 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[98]) are Kiel Elementary School[99] with 312 students in grades Pre-K–2, Stonybrook Elementary School[100] with 346 students in grades 3–5, Pearl R. Miller Middle School[101] with 427 students in grades 6–8 and Kinnelon High School[102] with 570 students in grades 9–12.[103][104][105] In 2016, Kinnelon High School was named #3 in the state by New Jersey Monthly magazine, the school's highest ranking ever in the magazine's biannual rankings, and was listed as a top 500 high school by Newsweek.[106]

Our Lady of the Magnificat School, a Catholic school that had been operated since 1964 under the auspices of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Paterson, closed after the 2009–10 school year in the face of declining enrollment and increasing deficits that the parish could no longer sustain.[107]

Transportation edit

 
I-287 southbound in Kinnelon

Roads and highways edit

As of May 2010, the borough had a total of 54.41 miles (87.56 km) of roadways, of which 44.94 miles (72.32 km) were maintained by the municipality, 7.42 miles (11.94 km) by Morris County and 2.05 miles (3.30 km) by the New Jersey Department of Transportation.[108]

Route 23 runs along the northern border of the borough.[109] Interstate 287 passes through in the southeastern area, but the closest exit is along Route 23 in neighboring Riverdale.[110]

Public transportation edit

NJ Transit provides bus service to the Port Authority Bus Terminal in Midtown Manhattan on the 194 route.[111] The 304 route provides seasonal service to Mountain Creek in Vernon Township.[112][113]

Notable people edit

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Kinnelon include:

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e 2019 Census Gazetteer Files: New Jersey Places, United States Census Bureau. Accessed July 1, 2020.
  2. ^ a b US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.
  3. ^ a b Mayor, Borough of Kinnelon. Accessed April 26, 2023. As of date accessed, an incorrect term-end year of 2022 is listed.
  4. ^ 2023 New Jersey Mayors Directory, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, updated February 8, 2023. Accessed February 10, 2023.
  5. ^ Borough Clerk, Borough of Kinnelon. Accessed April 26, 2023.
  6. ^ a b 2012 New Jersey Legislative District Data Book, Rutgers University Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, March 2013, p. 121.
  7. ^ "ArcGIS REST Services Directory". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 11, 2022.
  8. ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Borough of Kinnelon, Geographic Names Information System. Accessed March 7, 2013.
  9. ^ a b c d e QuickFacts Kinnelon borough, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed December 14, 2022.
  10. ^ a b c Total Population: Census 2010 - Census 2020 New Jersey Municipalities, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed December 1, 2022.
  11. ^ a b Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Minor Civil Divisions in New Jersey: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2022, United States Census Bureau, released May 2023. Accessed May 18, 2023.
  12. ^ a b Population Density by County and Municipality: New Jersey, 2020 and 2021, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed March 1, 2023.
  13. ^ Look Up a ZIP Code for Kinnelon, NJ, United States Postal Service. Accessed August 21, 2012.
  14. ^ Zip Codes, State of New Jersey. Accessed August 28, 2013.
  15. ^ Area Code Lookup – NPA NXX for Kinnelon, NJ, Area-Codes.com. Accessed August 28, 2013.
  16. ^ a b U.S. Census website, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.
  17. ^ Geographic Codes Lookup for New Jersey, Missouri Census Data Center. Accessed April 1, 2022.
  18. ^ US Board on Geographic Names, United States Geological Survey. Accessed September 4, 2014.
  19. ^ Melisurgo, Len. "Here's the right way to pronounce 25 N.J. town names everyone botches", NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, June 23, 2017. Accessed June 22, 2023. "Kinnelon (Morris County) Nope, it’s not ki-NEL-on. It’s actually pronounced KIN-a-lon."
  20. ^ a b c d e DP-1 – Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 for Kinnelon borough, Morris County, New Jersey Archived 2020-02-12 at archive.today, United States Census Bureau. Accessed August 21, 2012.
  21. ^ a b Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2010 for Kinnelon borough Archived 2018-02-25 at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed August 21, 2012.
  22. ^ Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed May 1, 2023.
  23. ^ a b Snyder, John P. The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606–1968, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 193. Accessed April 3, 2012.
  24. ^ a b Staff. Acts of the One Hundred and Forty-Sixth Legislature of the State of New Jersey, pp. 19–22. New Jersey Secretary of State, 1922. Accessed October 17, 2015. "An Act to incorporate the borough of Kinnelon, in the county of Morris"
  25. ^ a b Historical Timeline of Morris County Boundaries Archived December 25, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, Morris County Library. Accessed December 24, 2016. "1922, March 21.Kinnelon Borough is established from Pequannock. This area was earlier known as Charlotteburg."
  26. ^ a b c d e Cheslow, Jerry. "If You're Thinking of Living In/Kinnelon, N.J.; Residential Life Amid Natural Beauty", The New York Times, June 1, 2003. Accessed February 15, 2020. "Ms. Dunner Parker knew the area through a brother who lived in Kinnelon's Smoke Rise section, a 3,500-acre, 900-home gated community that describes itself in its promotional literature as 'one of America's most prestigious club communities' and 'elite, yet affordable.' Covering the borough's northwestern quadrant, Smoke Rise's lots are heavily wooded and range in area from 1 to 10 acres, with the most valuable properties fronting on the 19-acre Lake Kinnelon."
  27. ^ Hutchinson, Viola L. The Origin of New Jersey Place Names, New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed September 2, 2015.
  28. ^ a b Lurie, Maxin E.; and Mappen, Marc."Kinnelon", in Encyclopedia of New Jersey, p. 44. Rutgers University Press, 2004. ISBN 9780813533254. Accessed May 21, 2023.
  29. ^ Brennan, Morgan. "America's Most Expensive ZIP Codes 2012", Forbes, October 16, 2012. Accessed February 18, 2020.
  30. ^ Cervenka, Susanne. "Rich in New Jersey: Here are the 50 wealthiest towns in the state. Is yours one of them?", Asbury Park Press, July 1, 2019. Accessed August 20, 2020. "37. Kinnelon; County: Morris County; Median household income: $147,267; Percent making more than $200,000: 33.9%"
  31. ^ QuickFacts for Kinnelon borough, New Jersey; Morris County, New Jersey; New Jersey from Population estimates, July 1, 2019, (V2019), United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 21, 2020.
  32. ^ Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Minor Civil Divisions in New Jersey: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2019, United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 21, 2020.
  33. ^ Census Estimates for New Jersey April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2019, United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 21, 2020.
  34. ^ "Smoke Rise Club – Home Page". Smokerise-nj.com. Retrieved February 13, 2020.
  35. ^ a b Silas Condict County Park, Morris County, New Jersey Park Commission. Accessed February 25, 2020.
  36. ^ Pyramid Mountain Natural Historic Area, Morris County, New Jersey Park Commission. Accessed February 25, 2020.
  37. ^ Locality Search, State of New Jersey. Accessed May 21, 2015.
  38. ^ Open Space and Recreation Plan Update – 2012[permanent dead link], Borough of Kinnelon. Accessed August 4, 2013.
  39. ^ Open Space and Recreation Plan, Borough of Kinnelon, March 2005. Accessed February 25, 2018. "The lowest point in Kinnelon is just south of the fault zone in the Piedmont Valley at 240 feet.Conversely, the high point is Kitty Ann Mountain at 1,140 feet in the Smoke Rise section of town. Kitty Ann Mountain is where the historic Smoke Rise Tower can be seen."
  40. ^ Primerano, Jane. "Newark appealing watershed taxes against Jefferson" Archived 2015-09-25 at the Wayback Machine, AIM Jefferson, May 8, 2015. Accessed July 2, 2015. "Besides West Milford and Jefferson, Newark owns watershed land in Hardyston, Vernon, and Rockaway Townships and Kinnelon Borough, Leach said."
  41. ^ City of Newark v. Vernon Tp., Leagle from Tax Court of New Jersey, April 1, 1980. Accessed July 2, 2015. "Generally, the lands are part of the 35,000-acre Pequannock Watershed (approximately two times the size of Newark), which was purchased by Newark at the turn of the century to provide a water supply. The watershed, which contains five major bodies of water, is located in Vernon and Hardyston in Sussex County, Jefferson, Rockaway and Kinnelon in Morris County, and West Milford in Passaic County."
  42. ^ Areas touching Kinnelon, MapIt. Accessed February 25, 2020.
  43. ^ Morris County Municipalities Map, Morris County, New Jersey Department of Planning and Preservation. Accessed February 25, 2020.
  44. ^ New Jersey Municipal Boundaries, New Jersey Department of Transportation. Accessed November 15, 2019.
  45. ^ Fifteenth Census of the United States : 1930 – Population Volume I, United States Census Bureau, p. 717. Accessed August 21, 2012.
  46. ^ Table 6: New Jersey Resident Population by Municipality: 1940 - 2000, Workforce New Jersey Public Information Network, August 2001. Accessed May 1, 2023.
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