Larry was born as a stray cat around January 2007 and later came into the possession of the Battersea Dogs & Cats Home. In 2011, he was adopted by Downing Street staff and was initially intended to be a pet for Cameron’s children.^[1] He was described by Downing Street sources as a "good ratter" and as having "a high chase-drive and hunting instinct".^[2] In 2012, Battersea Dogs & Cats Home said that Larry's publicity had resulted in a 15 percent surge of people adopting cats.^[3]

Soon after he was taken in at Downing Street, a story circulated in the press purporting that Larry was a lost cat and that the original owner had begun a campaign to retrieve him.^[4] However, the story was later found to be a hoax, and no such owner nor campaign existed.^[5]

Official duties edit

The Downing Street website describes Larry's duties as "greeting guests to the house, inspecting security defences and testing antique furniture for napping quality". It says he is "contemplating a solution to the mouse occupancy of the house" and has told Downing Street that such a solution is still in the "tactical planning stage".^[6] Unlike his predecessors since 1929, Larry's costs are funded voluntarily by members of staff.^[7] Fundraising events to pay for his food are believed to have included a quiz night, held in the state rooms.^[8] David Cameron explained during his final Prime Minister's Questions in 2016 that Larry is a civil servant and not personal property, and would therefore not leave Downing Street after his successor took office.^[9] Larry has retained his position through the May, Johnson, Truss, and Sunak ministries.

Work as chief mouser edit

He made his first known kill, a mouse, on 22 April 2011.^[10] On 28 August 2012, Larry made his first public killing, dropping his prey on the lawn in front of Number 10.^[11] In October 2013, Larry caught four mice in two weeks and one staff member rescued a mouse from his clutches.^[12]

In July 2015, George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, and Cabinet Office minister Matt Hancock cornered a mouse in the Chancellor's office, trapping it in a brown paper sandwich bag. The press joked that Osborne might take over the position of Chief Mouser.^[13]

In December 2015, former Home Secretary David Blunkett suggested that Larry should be asked to increase his responsibilities to include the Palace of Westminster that at the time was being overrun by rodents.^[14]

In September 2023, The Sun reported that Larry had been in ill health for some time and that Downing Street staff were making preparations for his death.^[15] A statement from Downing Street denied this and described Larry as "happy and healthy."^[16]

David Cameron has said that Larry is a "bit nervous" around men, speculating that, since Larry was a rescue cat, this may be due to negative experiences in his past. Cameron mentioned that Barack Obama is an apparent exception to this fear: he said, "Funnily enough he liked Obama. Obama gave him a stroke and he was all right with Obama."^[17]

In September 2013, tensions were reportedly growing between Cameron and Larry. It was reported that Cameron objected to cat hair on his suit and the smell of cat food had to be disguised by air freshener when Downing Street had visitors. The Camerons were said not to like Larry, amid suggestions that the pet was a public relations prop. Cameron posted to Twitter saying that he and Larry got on "purr-fectly well". Nevertheless, bookmakers Ladbrokes made Cameron the odds-on (1/2) favourite to leave Downing Street first, with Larry as the 6/4 outsider. The Daily Telegraph suggested that Cameron had never liked cats but that spin doctors believed Larry could improve his public image.^[18]

Former deputy prime minister Nick Clegg has described an internal Downing Street security door which requires microphone contact for access as being increasingly "not for security but to keep the cats out from one end of the building to another".^[19] When leaving office in 2016, Cameron spoke of his "sadness" that he could not take Larry with him.^[20][21] When Theresa May succeeded him in 2016, there were concerns that Larry was stressed and could be missing the Cameron family.^[22]

In August 2016, Alistair Graham, former Chairman of the Committee on Standards in Public Life, responded to controversy over favouritism in Cameron's Dissolution Honours List by joking that he was "surprised Larry the cat didn't get one".^[23] In June 2019, in what was described in the press as a photobombing, Larry was visible on the window ledge outside Number 10 as Theresa May and her husband Philip May posed with U.S. president Donald Trump and First Lady Melania Trump at the start of Trump's state visit to the United Kingdom; he later sheltered from the rain under Trump's presidential state car and was coaxed out only after some time.^[24][25]

In June 2012, the chancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne was reunited with his long lost cat Freya, who moved into 11 Downing Street. Freya and Larry were reported to have rapidly established cordial relations, although the two cats had been seen fighting.^[26] Freya was reported to be the more dominant cat and more effective mouser, reportedly because her days as a stray had "hardened" her.^[27] In November 2014, Freya left Downing Street, leaving Larry with the sole mousing responsibility.^[28] In 2013, Osborne brought in a pet dog, Lola. Aides announced that Lola was "cat friendly".^[29]

In September 2019, a new dog, Dilyn, owned by Boris Johnson and Carrie Symonds, came to stay at Downing Street. Battersea Dogs & Cats Home offered to negotiate a deal with Larry.^[30] In December 2020, Larry stalked a pigeon outside Boris Johnson's official residence, and even managed to catch it. Despite the seemingly effective attack, the pigeon managed to fly off, apparently unharmed, after the brief scuffle.^[31] In October 2022, Larry chased away a fox from outside 10 Downing Street. The incident was captured on CCTV.^[32]

In June 2021, the then Chancellor of the Exchequer Rishi Sunak adopted a Labrador Retriever puppy named Nova to live at 11 Downing Street.^[33] In September 2023, Akshata Murty, Sunak's wife, said that Larry and Nova had had "heated exchanges" where Larry had come out on top.^[34]

Rivalry with Palmerston edit

In April 2016, a new feline neighbour, Palmerston, moved into the Foreign Office.^[35] Although known to get along from time to time, the two cats have fought on numerous occasions.^[22][36] The Leader of the House commented that he hoped that Palmerston and Larry would establish a modus vivendi.^[37] In July of that year, Palmerston entered Number 10 and had to be forcibly evicted by security staff.^[38] In September 2016, Lord Blencathra submitted a question in the House of Lords asking why the government did not pay for Larry's veterinary bill for an injury picked up in a fight against Palmerston, and whether the government would refund civil servants who paid for Larry's care.^[39] Baroness Chisholm of Owlpen, the government's spokesperson in the Lords, said: "The costs were met by staff through voluntary staff donations due to their affection for Larry."

On 1 August 2016, according to the political photographer Steve Beck, Larry had his "most brutal fight yet" with Palmerston on the steps of Number 10.^[40] During the fight, Larry lost his collar, whilst Palmerston suffered from several deep scratches and a badly cut ear.^[40] When Palmerston "wrote" a letter announcing he was retiring and moving to the countryside on 7 August 2020, BBC News reported that Palmerston's "decidedly undiplomatic disputes [with Larry] are not thought to have hastened his departure".^[41]

Larry has been criticised for both his temperament and job performance. Within a month of his arrival at Downing Street, anonymous sources described Larry as having "a distinct lack of killer instinct."^[42]

Later that year, it was revealed that Larry spent more time sleeping than hunting for mice, and shared the company of a female cat, Maisie.^[43] At one point in 2011, mice were so endemic in Downing Street that the Prime Minister, David Cameron, resorted to throwing a fork at one during a Cabinet dinner.^[43] Larry was almost fired from his position in 2012, when he failed to react to a mouse spotted in Cameron's study.^[44] His lack of killer instinct also earned him the nickname "Lazy Larry" by the tabloid press.^[44] In September 2012, Freya was also appointed the role of Chief Mouser to the Cabinet Office in a job share arrangement.

Larry was honoured with a blue plaque at Battersea Dogs and Cats Home in October 2012.^[45]

The beetle species Caccothryptus larryi, first described in 2021, is named after him.^[46]

A picture gallery to celebrate Larry's first two years in office was produced by The Daily Telegraph.^[47] Larry's exploits and observations on life at Number 10 became the subject of a weekly cartoon in The Sunday Express drawn by cartoonist Ted Harrison.^[44]

In 2012, Larry was visible on the Google Street View of Number 10, asleep next to the door.^[48]

A toy version of Larry is featured in the window of No 10 Downing as reproduced in the lobby of The Londoner casino in Macao. His attire is changed with seasons, sporting a red head piece for Chinese New Year.

• Willow – Larry's American counterpart
• Gladstone – Chief Mouser of HM Treasury
• List of individual cats

• Video of meowing match between Larry and with Palmerston, the Foreign Office's cat
• Map indicating the residencies of the Chief Mousers
• Larry's official bio
• International Cat Day: the art of photographing Larry, the beloved Downing Street cat | AFP