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Latin Extended-A

Summary

Latin Extended-A is a Unicode block and is the third block of the Unicode standard. It encodes Latin letters from the Latin ISO character sets other than Latin-1 (which is already encoded in the Latin-1 Supplement block) and also legacy characters from the ISO 6937 standard.

Latin Extended-A
RangeU+0100..U+017F
(128 code points)
PlaneBMP
ScriptsLatin
Major alphabetsAfrikaans
Catalan
Croatian
Czech
Esperanto
Greenlandic
Hungarian
Kashubian
Kurdish
Latin
Latvian
Lithuanian
Maltese
Northern Sami
Polish
Romanian
Serbian
Slovak
Slovene
Sorbian
Turkish
Welsh
Assigned128 code points
Unused0 reserved code points
1 deprecated
Source standardsISO/IEC 8859, ISO 6937
Unicode version history
1.0.0 (1991)127 (+127)
1.1 (1993)128 (+1)
Unicode documentation
Code chart ∣ Web page
Note: [1][2]

The Latin Extended-A block has been in the Unicode Standard since version 1.0, with its entire character repertoire, except for the Latin Small Letter Long S, which was added during unification with ISO 10646 in version 1.1.[3] Its block name in Unicode 1.0 was European Latin.[4]

Character table edit

Code (hex) Grapheme Names
European Latin
U+0100 Ā Latin Capital letter A with macron
U+0101 ā Latin Small letter A with macron
U+0102 Ă Latin Capital letter A with breve
U+0103 ă Latin Small letter A with breve
U+0104 Ą Latin Capital letter A with ogonek
U+0105 ą Latin Small letter A with ogonek
U+0106 Ć Latin Capital letter C with acute
U+0107 ć Latin Small letter C with acute
U+0108 Ĉ Latin Capital letter C with circumflex
U+0109 ĉ Latin Small letter C with circumflex
U+010A Ċ Latin Capital letter C with dot above
U+010B ċ Latin Small letter C with dot above
U+010C Č Latin Capital letter C with caron
U+010D č Latin Small letter C with caron
U+010E Ď Latin Capital letter D with caron
U+010F ď Latin Small letter D with caron
U+0110 Đ Latin Capital letter D with stroke
U+0111 đ Latin Small letter D with stroke
U+0112 Ē Latin Capital letter E with macron
U+0113 ē Latin Small letter E with macron
U+0114 Ĕ Latin Capital letter E with breve
U+0115 ĕ Latin Small letter E with breve
U+0116 Ė Latin Capital letter E with dot above
U+0117 ė Latin Small letter E with dot above
U+0118 Ę Latin Capital letter E with ogonek
U+0119 ę Latin Small letter E with ogonek
U+011A Ě Latin Capital letter E with caron
U+011B ě Latin Small letter E with caron
U+011C Ĝ Latin Capital letter G with circumflex
U+011D ĝ Latin Small letter G with circumflex
U+011E Ğ Latin Capital letter G with breve
U+011F ğ Latin Small letter G with breve
U+0120 Ġ Latin Capital letter G with dot above
U+0121 ġ Latin Small letter G with dot above
U+0122 Ģ Latin Capital letter G with cedilla
U+0123 ģ Latin Small letter G with cedilla
U+0124 Ĥ Latin Capital letter H with circumflex
U+0125 ĥ Latin Small letter H with circumflex
U+0126 Ħ Latin Capital letter H with stroke
U+0127 ħ Latin Small letter H with stroke
U+0128 Ĩ Latin Capital letter I with tilde
U+0129 ĩ Latin Small letter I with tilde
U+012A Ī Latin Capital letter I with macron
U+012B ī Latin Small letter I with macron
U+012C Ĭ Latin Capital letter I with breve
U+012D ĭ Latin Small letter I with breve
U+012E Į Latin Capital letter I with ogonek
U+012F į Latin Small letter I with ogonek
U+0130 İ Latin Capital letter I with dot above
U+0131 ı Latin Small letter dotless I
U+0132 IJ Latin Capital Ligature IJ
U+0133 ij Latin Small Ligature IJ
U+0134 Ĵ Latin Capital letter J with circumflex
U+0135 ĵ Latin Small letter J with circumflex
U+0136 Ķ Latin Capital letter K with cedilla
U+0137 ķ Latin Small letter K with cedilla
U+0138 ĸ Latin Small letter Kra
U+0139 Ĺ Latin Capital letter L with acute
U+013A ĺ Latin Small letter L with acute
U+013B Ļ Latin Capital letter L with cedilla
U+013C ļ Latin Small letter L with cedilla
U+013D Ľ Latin Capital letter L with caron
U+013E ľ Latin Small letter L with caron
U+013F Ŀ Latin Capital letter L with middle dot
U+0140 ŀ Latin Small letter L with middle dot
U+0141 Ł Latin Capital letter L with stroke
U+0142 ł Latin Small letter L with stroke
U+0143 Ń Latin Capital letter N with acute
U+0144 ń Latin Small letter N with acute
U+0145 Ņ Latin Capital letter N with cedilla
U+0146 ņ Latin Small letter N with cedilla
U+0147 Ň Latin Capital letter N with caron
U+0148 ň Latin Small letter N with caron
Deprecated Letter
U+0149 ʼn Latin Small letter N preceded by apostrophe
(Deprecated letter)
European Latin
U+014A Ŋ Latin Capital letter Eng
U+014B ŋ Latin Small letter Eng
U+014C Ō Latin Capital letter O with macron
U+014D ō Latin Small letter O with macron
U+014E Ŏ Latin Capital letter O with breve
U+014F ŏ Latin Small letter O with breve
U+0150 Ő Latin Capital Letter O with double acute
U+0151 ő Latin Small Letter O with double acute
U+0152 ΠLatin Capital Ligature OE
U+0153 œ Latin Small Ligature OE
U+0154 Ŕ Latin Capital letter R with acute
U+0155 ŕ Latin Small letter R with acute
U+0156 Ŗ Latin Capital letter R with cedilla
U+0157 ŗ Latin Small letter R with cedilla
U+0158 Ř Latin Capital letter R with caron
U+0159 ř Latin Small letter R with caron
U+015A Ś Latin Capital letter S with acute
U+015B ś Latin Small letter S with acute
U+015C Ŝ Latin Capital letter S with circumflex
U+015D ŝ Latin Small letter S with circumflex
U+015E Ş Latin Capital letter S with cedilla
U+015F ş Latin Small letter S with cedilla
U+0160 Š Latin Capital letter S with caron
U+0161 š Latin Small letter S with caron
U+0162 Ţ Latin Capital letter T with cedilla
U+0163 ţ Latin Small letter T with cedilla
U+0164 Ť Latin Capital letter T with caron
U+0165 ť Latin Small letter T with caron
U+0166 Ŧ Latin Capital letter T with stroke
U+0167 ŧ Latin Small letter T with stroke
U+0168 Ũ Latin Capital letter U with tilde
U+0169 ũ Latin Small letter U with tilde
U+016A Ū Latin Capital letter U with macron
U+016B ū Latin Small letter U with macron
U+016C Ŭ Latin Capital letter U with breve
U+016D ŭ Latin Small letter U with breve
U+016E Ů Latin Capital letter U with ring above
U+016F ů Latin Small letter U with ring above
U+0170 Ű Latin Capital Letter U with double acute
U+0171 ű Latin Small Letter U with double acute
U+0172 Ų Latin Capital letter U with ogonek
U+0173 ų Latin Small letter U with ogonek
U+0174 Ŵ Latin Capital letter W with circumflex
U+0175 ŵ Latin Small letter W with circumflex
U+0176 Ŷ Latin Capital letter Y with circumflex
U+0177 ŷ Latin Small letter Y with circumflex
U+0178 Ÿ Latin Capital letter Y with diaeresis
U+0179 Ź Latin Capital letter Z with acute
U+017A ź Latin Small letter Z with acute
U+017B Ż Latin Capital letter Z with dot above
U+017C ż Latin Small letter Z with dot above
U+017D Ž Latin Capital letter Z with caron
U+017E ž Latin Small letter Z with caron
U+017F ſ Latin Small letter long S

Subheadings edit

The Latin Extended-A block contains only two subheadings: European Latin and Deprecated letter.[5]

European Latin edit

The European Latin subheading contains all but one character in the Latin Extended-A block. It is populated with accented and variant majuscule and minuscule Latin letters for writing mostly eastern European languages.[6]

Deprecated letter edit

The Deprecated letter subheading contains a single character, Latin Small Letter N Preceded by Apostrophe, which was included for compatibility with the ISO/IEC 6937 standard.[5] It was deprecated as of Unicode version 5.2.0,[7] with the comment that “U+0149 LATIN SMALL LETTER N PRECEDED BY APOSTROPHE” was encoded for use in Afrikaans. The character is deprecated, and its use is strongly discouraged. In nearly all cases it is better represented by a sequence of an apostrophe followed by “n”:[6] ’n.

Table edit

Type of subheading Number of symbols Range of characters
European Latin 63 pairs of European Latin letters, Latin Small Letter N preceded by apostrophe (ʼn) U+0149 and Latin Small Letter long S (ſ) U+017F U+0100 to U+017F(Including the Deprecated Letter, ʼn, U+0149)
Deprecated Letter Latin Small Letter N preceded by apostrophe (ʼn) U+0149 U+0149

Compact table edit

Latin Extended-A[1][2]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
U+010x Ā ā Ă ă Ą ą Ć ć Ĉ ĉ Ċ ċ Č č Ď ď
U+011x Đ đ Ē ē Ĕ ĕ Ė ė Ę ę Ě ě Ĝ ĝ Ğ ğ
U+012x Ġ ġ Ģ ģ Ĥ ĥ Ħ ħ Ĩ ĩ Ī ī Ĭ ĭ Į į
U+013x İ ı IJ ij Ĵ ĵ Ķ ķ ĸ Ĺ ĺ Ļ ļ Ľ ľ Ŀ
U+014x ŀ Ł ł Ń ń Ņ ņ Ň ň ʼn Ŋ ŋ Ō ō Ŏ ŏ
U+015x Ő ő Œ œ Ŕ ŕ Ŗ ŗ Ř ř Ś ś Ŝ ŝ Ş ş
U+016x Š š Ţ ţ Ť ť Ŧ ŧ Ũ ũ Ū ū Ŭ ŭ Ů ů
U+017x Ű ű Ų ų Ŵ ŵ Ŷ ŷ Ÿ Ź ź Ż ż Ž ž ſ
Notes
1.^ As of Unicode version 15.1
2.^ Unicode code point U+0149 is deprecated as of Unicode version 5.2

History edit

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Latin Extended-A block:

Version Final code points[a] Count L2 ID Document
1.0.0 U+0100..017E 127 (to be determined)
L2/08-275 Freytag, Asmus (2008-07-31), Comments on the proposed deprecation of characters (public review item #122)
L2/08-278 Pentzlin, Karl (2008-08-04), Comments on Public Review Issue #122
L2/08-287 Davis, Mark (2008-08-04), Public Review Issue #122: Proposal for Additional Deprecated Characters
L2/08-253R2 Moore, Lisa (2008-08-19), "Consensus 116-C13", UTC #116 Minutes, Change the deprecated property by removing 0340, 0341, 17D3, and adding 0149, 0F77, 0F79, 17A4, 2329, 232A.
L2/08-328 (html, xls) Whistler, Ken (2008-10-14), Spreadsheet of Deprecation and Discouragement
L2/10-268 Priest, Lorna (2010-07-29), Annotation additions resulting from encoding LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H WITH HOOK
1.1 U+017F 1 (to be determined)
  1. ^ Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
  2. ^ "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
  3. ^ The Unicode Standard Version 1.0, Volume 1. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. 1991 [1990]. ISBN 0-201-56788-1.
  4. ^ "3.8: Block-by-Block Charts" (PDF). The Unicode Standard. version 1.0. Unicode Consortium.
  5. ^ a b "Unicode 6.2 code charts" (PDF). The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 1 April 2013.
  6. ^ a b "The Unicode Standard Version 6.0 – Core Specification" (PDF). The Unicode Consortium. pp. 207–208. Retrieved 2014-09-17.
  7. ^ "Unicode Standard Annex #44 - Change History". www.unicode.org. Retrieved 2014-09-17.

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