Summary
Leopold von Hoesch (10 June 1881 – 10 April 1936) was a career German diplomat.[1] Hoesch began his political career in France as the chargé d'affaires in 1923. After the recall of the German ambassador in 1923 after the Ruhr crisis, Hoesch was appointed acting head of the German Embassy in Paris. There, Hoesch worked closely with German Foreign Minister Gustav Stresemann. Hoesch played an important role in the Locarno Treaty of 1924.[citation needed]
In November 1932, Hoesch was transferred to the United Kingdom, where he would stay until his death in 1936.[2] Hoesch was well liked by most British statesmen, including Anthony Eden and Sir John Simon. His reputation among the British as a knowledgeable and able-minded statesman helped to enhance Anglo-German relations in the early 1930s.
With the Nazi takeover in 1933, little changed at first between Germany and the United Kingdom politically. However, by 1934, Hoesch was beginning to challenge Adolf Hitler indirectly by sending communiqués to German Foreign Minister Konstantin Neurath that detailed Hoesch's distrust of Joachim von Ribbentrop, whom Hitler had appointed to serve as Commissioner of Disarmament Questions.
The relationship between Hoesch and Hitler continued to sour as Ribbentrop gained more power within the German government. By 1936, Hoesch was quickly becoming a thorn in Hitler's side. After the remilitarization of the Rhineland on 7 March 1936, Hoesch wrote to Neurath by denouncing the act as an action designed to provoke the French and ultimately the British.
Less than one month later, at 10 am 11 April 1936, Hoesch died of a heart attack while he was dressing in his bedroom at the German Embassy. After his death, he was honoured with a large British-ordered funeral cortège in which his flag-draped coffin was escorted to Dover, where a 19-gun salute was fired as his body was transferred to the British destroyer HMS Scout for transport back to Germany.[3] Hoesch's dog Giro, who died in 1934 after chewing an electric cable, is buried in London in the garden of the former German Embassy at 9 Carlton House Terrace.[4]
He was replaced by Ribbentrop, Hitler's favourite foreign policy advisor, who would later be hanged for war crimes.
References edit
- ^ Siegfried Grundmann (2005). The Einstein dossiers: science and politics—Einstein's Berlin period with an appendix on Einstein's FBI file. Springer. pp. 165–. ISBN 9783540256618. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
- ^ Hajo Holborn (3 July 1994). "Diplomats and Diplomacy in the Early Weimar Republic". In Gordon A. Craig, Felix Gilbert (ed.). The Diplomats, 1919–1939. Princeton University Press. pp. 151–. ISBN 0691036608.
- ^ "Funeral Of The German Ambassador: Statesmen's Tribute". The Times. No. 47350. 16 April 1936. p. 16.
- ^ Buckle, Jack (2019). Monumental Tales: The Fascinating Stories behind the World's Pet Statues and Memorials. Cambridge: Lutterworth Press. p. 104. ISBN 978-0718895457.
External links edit
- "Ambassador von Hoesch", The New York Times. 12 April 1936. p. E8
- "Von Hoesch dies; German diplomat; Ambassador to London, Under Strain Since Locarno Coup, Succumbs to Heart Attack", The New York Times. 11 April 1936. p. A7.
- "Hoesch is honoured in British cortege; Eden in Procession With the Swastika-Draped Coffin of the German Ambassador", The New York Times. 15 April 1936. p. A8.
- Newspaper clippings about Leopold von Hoesch in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW