Libya or Libyan may refer to:

• Libya, a country in north Africa
• Ancient Libya, a general term often used to refer to Africa in ancient times
• Italian Libya, the name of Libyan state under Italian rule
• Kingdom of Libya, the name of a Libyan state which existed between 1951 and 1969
• History of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi, the history of the state of Libya under the extended dictatorship of Muammar Gaddafi, from 1969 until his ousting, in 2011
• Libyan Arabic, a specific dialect of the Arabic language
• Libya (mythology), the name given to a daughter of Egyptian King Epaphus in mythology
• Libya Montes, a highland terrain on planet Mars
• MV Libya, a Greek coaster originating as Empire Spinney