When the Spanish arrived, they divided Peru into three main regions: the coastal region (11.6% of Peru), that is bounded by the Pacific Ocean; the highlands (28.1% of Peru), that is located on the Andean Heights, and the jungle, that is located on the Amazonian Jungle (Climate of Peru). But Javier Pulgar Vidal (es), a geographer who studied the biogeographic reality of the Peruvian territory for a long time, proposed the creation of eight Natural Regions.[1][2] In 1941, he presented his thesis "Las Ocho Regiones Naturales del Perú" at the III General Assembly of the Pan-American Institute of Geography and History.
These eight Peruvian regions are:
The Peruvian geographer Javier Pulgar Vidal divided Peru in 8 regions (traditionally, it was costa, sierra and selva):
Map from República del Perú - Instituto Geográfico Nacional
Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests
Montane grasslands and shrublands
Explanations:
Elevation | West - Pacific side | East - Amazonian side | |
---|---|---|---|
Highland Rainforest or Selva alta | 400 m | - | 26.5 °C |
Loma-Vegetation | 500 m | about 21.1 °C | - |
Cloud forest or Fluvial Yunga | 1,000 m | - | 23.5 °C |
Quechua - Montane Valleys | 2,300 m | - | 17.2 °C |
Amazonian Tree line of Coniferae: 10 °C | about 3,500 m | - | about 10 °C |
Mountain pass influence | 4,100 m | about 3.4 °C | (about 7.1 °C) |
Vegetation end | about 4,800 m | about 0.0 °C | - |
Snow line | about 5,000 m | about -1.0 °C | - |
Altitudinal zonation: Kallawaya Region, around Charazani, Bolivia (border to Peru).