List of Ayyubid rulers

Summary

The Ayyubid dynasty ruled many parts of the Middle East and North Africa in the 12th, 13th and 14th centuries. The following is a list of Ayyubid rulers by county/province.

Family tree of the Ayyubid dynasty.[1]

Sultans of Egypt edit

See Rulers of Islamic Egypt.

Displaced in Egypt by the Mamluk sultanate, ruled briefly by Shajar al-Durr, widow of as-Salih Ayyub, and then Aybak, 1254.

Family Tree of the Ayyubid Sultans of Egypt edit

Ayyubid Dynasty
Al-Afdal
Najm al-Din
Ayyub
Al-Nasir
Salah al-Din
Yusuf

(1)
r. 1171-1193
Al-Adil
Sayf al-Din
Abu Bakr I

(4)
r. 1200-1218
Al-Aziz
Uthman

(2)
r. 1193-1198
Al-Kamil
Nasir al-Din
Muhammad

(5)
r. 1218-1238
Al-Mansur
Nasir al-Din
Muhammad

(3)
r. 1198-1200
Al-Adil
Sayf al-Din
Abu Bakr II

(6)
r. 1238-1240
Al-Salih
Najm al-Din
Ayyub

(7)
r. 1240-1249
Al-Mas'ud
Salah al-Din
Yusuf

Yemen
r. 1215-1229
Al-Mu'azzam
Ghayath al-Din
Turanshah

(8)
r. 1249-1250
Yusuf
Al-Ashraf
Muzaffar al-Din
Musa

(9)
r. 1250-1254

Sultans and Emirs of Damascus edit

See Rulers of Damascus.

Takeover by Mongols, and then Mamluks following the battle of Ain Jalut, 1260.

Family Tree of the Rulers of Damascus edit

Ayyubid Dynasty
Al-Afdal
Najm al-Din
Ayyub
Al-Nasir
Salah al-Din
Yusuf

(1)
r. 1174-1193
Al-Adil
Sayf al-Din
Abu Bakr I

(3)
r. 1196-1218
Al-Afdal
Ali

(2)
r. 1193-1196
Al-Zahir
Ghiyath al-Din
Ghazi

Aleppo
r. 1193-1216
Al-Kamil
Nasir al-Din
Muhammad

(8)
r. 1238
Al-Mu'azzam
Sharaf al-Din
Isa

(4)
r. 1218-1227
Al-Ashraf
Musa

(6)
r. 1229-1237
Al-Salih
Imad al-Din
Isma'il

(7)
r. 1237,
1239–1245
Al-Aziz
Muhammad

Aleppo
r. 1216-1232
Al-Adil
Sayf al-Din
Abu Bakr II

(9)
r. 1238-1239
Al-Salih
Najm al-Din
Ayyub

(10)
r. 1239,
1245-1249
Al-Nasir
Dawud

(5)
r. 1227-1229
An-Nasir
Salah al-Din
Yusuf

(12)
r. 1250-1260
Al-Mu'azzam
Ghayath al-Din
Turanshah

(11)
r. 1249-1250

Emirs of Aleppo edit

See Rulers of Aleppo.

Takeover by Mongols, and then Mamluks following the battle of Ain Jalut, 1260.

Emirs of Baalbek edit

See Baalbek, Middle Ages.

Takeover by Mongols, and then Mamluks following the battle of Ain Jalut, 1260.

Emirs of Hama edit

See Hama, Muslim Rule.

Formal takeover by Mamluk sultanate in 1341.

Emirs of Homs edit

See Homs, Seljuk, Ayyubid and Mamluk Rule.

Directly ruled by Mamluks under Alam al-Din Sanjar al-Bashqirdi, assigned by Baibars, sultan of Egypt and Syria, from 1263.

Emirs of Hisn Kaifa edit

See Hisn Kaifa, Ayyubid and Mongols.

  • As-Salih Ayyub, son of al-Kamil, 1232–1239
  • Al-Mu'azzam Turanshah, son of as-Salih Ayyub, 1239–1249
  • Muwahhid Taqiyya ad-Din Abdullah, son of al-Mu'azzam Turanshah, 1249–1294
  • Kamil Ahmad I, 1294–1325
  • Adil Mujir ad-Din Muhammad, 1325–1328
  • Adil Shahab ad-Din, 1328–1349 (Meinecke gives this ruler as al-ʿĀdil Ghāzī, 1341–1367)[2]
  • Salih Abu-Bakr Khalil I, 1349–1378
  • Adil Fakhr ad-Din Sulayman I, 1378-1432 (Meinecke gives this ruler as al-ʿĀdil Sulaimān, 1377–1424)[2]
  • Ashraf Sharaf ad Din, 1432–1433
  • Salih Salah ad-Din, 1433–1452
  • Kamil Ahmad II, 1452–1455
  • Adil Khalif, 1455–1462
  • Salih Khalil II, 1482–1511
  • Adil Sulayman II, 1511–1514
  • Salih Khalil II (second rule), 1514–1520
  • Malik Hussayn, 1520–1521
  • Adil Sulayman II (second rule), 1521–1524.

Takeover by the Ottoman Empire in 1524.

Emirs of al-Karak edit

Also referred to as governors of Transjordan.[3]See al-Karak, Crusader, Ayyubid and Mamluk Periods.

Taken by Mamluks under Baibars, sultan of Egypt and Syria, in 1263.

Emirs of Diyar Bakr edit

See Diyar Bakr.

Taken by Mongols in 1260.

Emirs of Yemen and Hejaz edit

See Yemen, Ayyubid Conquest.

  • Turan-Shah, brother of Saladin, 1173–1181
  • Tughtakin ibn Ayyub, brother of Saladin, 1181–1197
  • Al-Mu'izz Fath ud-Din Isma'il, son of Tughtakin ibn Ayyub, 1197–1202
  • An-Nasir Muhammed ibn Tughtakin ibn Ayyub, son of Tughtakin ibn Ayyub, 1202–1214
  • Al-Muzaffar Sulayman, son of Al-Mansur I Muhammad, 1214–1215
  • Al-Mas'ud Yusuf, son of Al-Kamil, 1215–1229.

Takeover by Rasulid dynasty of Yemen in 1229.

Emirs of Banyas edit

See Banyas.

  • Al-Aziz 'Uthman, son of al-Adil I 1218–1232.
  • Al-Zahir Ghazi, son of al-'Aziz 'Uthman 1232–1232.
  • Al-Sa'id Hasan, son of al-'Aziz 'Uthman 1232–1247.
  • As-Salih Ayyub, son of al-Kamil (dependency of Egypt) 1247–1249.
  • An-Nasir Yusuf, son of al-Aziz Muhammad (dependency of Damascus) 1250-?.
  • Al-Sa'id Hasan b. al-'Aziz (second reign; d. 658) 1260–1260.

References edit

  1. ^ Lane-Poole, Stanley (1894), "Ayyūbids", The Mohammadan Dynasties: Chronological and Genealogical Tables with Historical Introductions, Westminster: Archibald Constable and Company, pp. 74–79, OCLC 1199708
  2. ^ a b Meinecke 1996, p. 66.
  3. ^ Wolff, Robert L. and Hazard, H. W., A History of the Crusades: Volume Two, The Later Crusades 1187-1311, The University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, 1977, pg. 814

Sources edit

  • Bosworth, C.E. (1996). The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual. Columbia University Press, pp. 70-75.
  • Humphreys, R.S. (1977). From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus, 1193-1260. New York: SUNY press. pp. 381–386. ISBN 0-87395-263-4.
  • Lane-Poole, Stanley (1894), "Ayyūbids", The Mohammadan Dynasties: Chronological and Genealogical Tables with Historical Introductions, Westminster: Archibald Constable and Company, pp. 74–79, OCLC 1199708
  • Meinecke, Michael (1996), "3. Hasankeyf/Ḥiṣn Kaifā on the Tigris: A Regional Center on the Crossroad of Foreign Influences", Patterns of Stylistic Changes in Islamic Architecture: Local Traditions Versus Migrating Artists, New York University Press, ISBN 9780814754924