KNOWPIA
WELCOME TO KNOWPIA
- Summary
- Launch statistics
- Past launches
- Future launches
-
Notable launches
- First flight of Falcon 9
- COTS demonstration flights
- CRS-1
- Maiden flight of v1.1
- Loss of CRS-7 mission
- Full-thrust version and first booster landings
- Loss of Amos-6 on the launch pad
- Inaugural reuse of the first stage
- Zuma launch controversy
- Falcon Heavy test flight
- Maiden flight Crew Dragon and first crewed flight
- Booster reflight records
- See also
- Notes
List of Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy launches 
Summary
Left to right: Falcon 9 v1.0, v1.1, v1.2 "Full Thrust", Falcon 9 Block 5, Falcon Heavy, and Falcon Heavy Block 5.
Since June 2010, rockets from the Falcon 9 family have been launched 129 times, with 127 full mission successes, one partial failure and one total loss of the spacecraft. In addition, one rocket and its payload were destroyed on the launch pad during the fueling process before a static fire test was set to occur.
Designed and operated by private manufacturer SpaceX, the Falcon 9 rocket family includes the retired versions Falcon 9 v1.0, v1.1, and v1.2 "Full Thrust" Block 1 to 4, along with the currently active Block 5 evolution. Falcon Heavy is a heavy-lift derivative of Falcon 9, combining a strengthened central core with two Falcon 9 first stages as the side boosters.[1]
The Falcon design features reusable first-stage boosters, which land either on a ground pad near the launch site or on a drone ship at sea.[2] In December 2015, Falcon 9 became the first rocket to land propulsively after delivering a payload into orbit.[3] This achievement significantly reduced launch costs.[4] Falcon family core boosters have successfully landed 92 times in 103 attempts. A total of 28 boosters have flown multiple missions, with a record of ten missions by the same booster.
Falcon 9's typical missions include cargo delivery and crewed flights to the International Space Station (ISS) with the Dragon and Dragon 2 capsules, launch of communications satellites and Earth observation satellites to geostationary transfer orbits (GTO), and low Earth orbits (LEO), some of them at a polar inclination. The heaviest payload launched to a LEO are a batch of 60 Starlink satellites weighing a total 15,600 kg (34,400 lb) which SpaceX flies regularly, to a roughly 290 km (180 mi) orbit.[5] The heaviest payload launched to a geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) was Intelsat 35e with 6,761 kg (14,905 lb).[a] Launches to higher orbits have included the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) probe to the Sun–Earth Lagrange point L1, the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) space telescope on a lunar flyby trajectory, and the Falcon Heavy test flight which launched Elon Musk's Tesla Roadster into a heliocentric orbit extending beyond the orbit of Mars.
Launch statistics
Rockets from the Falcon 9 family have been launched 129 times over 11 years, resulting in 127 full mission successes (98.45%), one partial success (SpaceX CRS-1 delivered its cargo to the International Space Station (ISS), but a secondary payload was stranded in a lower-than-planned orbit), and one full failure (the SpaceX CRS-7 spacecraft was lost in flight in an explosion). Additionally, one rocket and its payload Amos-6 were destroyed before launch in preparation for an on-pad static fire test.
The first rocket version Falcon 9 v1.0 was launched five times from June 2010 to March 2013, its successor Falcon 9 v1.1 15 times from September 2013 to January 2016, and the latest upgrade Falcon 9 Full Thrust 106 times from December 2015 to present. The Falcon Heavy has been launched 3 times. Its first flight was in February 2018, incorporating two refurbished first stages as side boosters, and then again in April and June 2019, the June 2019 flight reusing the side booster from the previous flight. The final " Falcon 9 Block 4" booster to be produced was flown in April 2018, and the first Falcon 9 Block 5 version in May 2018. While Block 4 boosters were only flown twice and required several months of refurbishment, Block 5 versions are designed to sustain 10 flights with just some inspections.[6] A total of 71 re-flights of first stage boosters have all successfully launched their payloads.
The rocket's first-stage boosters landed successfully in 92 of 103 attempts (89.3%), with 68 out of 73 (93.2%) for the Falcon 9 Block 5 version.
Rocket configurations
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Launch outcomes10
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Booster landings5
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Past launches
2010 to 2013
| Flight No. | Date and time (UTC) |
Version, Booster [b] |
Launch site | Payload[c] | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
Booster landing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4 June 2010, 18:45 |
F9 v1.0[7] B0003[8] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
Dragon Spacecraft Qualification Unit | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Failure[9][10] (parachute) | |
| First flight of Falcon 9 v1.0.[11] Used a boilerplate version of Dragon capsule which was not designed to separate from the second stage.(more details below) Attempted to recover the first stage by parachuting it into the ocean, but it burned up on reentry, before the parachutes even go to deploy.[12] | |||||||||
| 2 | 8 December 2010, 15:43[13] |
F9 v1.0[7] B0004[8] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
Dragon demo flight C1 (Dragon C101) |
LEO (ISS) | Success[9] | Failure[9][14] (parachute) | ||
| Maiden flight of SpaceX's Dragon capsule, consisting of over 3 hours of testing thruster maneuvering and then reentry.[15] Attempted to recover the first stage by parachuting it into the ocean, but it disintegrated upon reentry, again before the parachutes were deployed.[12] (more details below) It also included two CubeSats,[16] and a wheel of Brouère cheese. Before the launch, SpaceX discovered that there was a crack in the nozzle of the 2nd stage's Merlin vacuum engine. So Elon just had them cut off the end of the nozzle with a pair of shears and launched the rocket a few days later. After SpaceX had trimmed the nozzle, NASA was notified of the change and they agreed to it.[17] | |||||||||
| 3 | 22 May 2012, 07:44[18] |
F9 v1.0[7] B0005[8] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
Dragon demo flight C2+[19] (Dragon C102) |
525 kg (1,157 lb)[20] | LEO (ISS) | NASA (COTS) | Success[21] | No attempt |
| The Dragon spacecraft demonstrated a series of tests before it was allowed to approach the International Space Station. Two days later, it became the first commercial spacecraft to board the ISS.[18] (more details below) | |||||||||
| 4 | 8 October 2012, 00:35[22] |
F9 v1.0[7] B0006[8] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
SpaceX CRS-1[23] (Dragon C103) |
4,700 kg (10,400 lb) | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success | No attempt |
| Orbcomm-OG2[24] | 172 kg (379 lb)[25] | LEO | Orbcomm | Partial failure[26] | |||||
| CRS-1 was successful, but the secondary payload was inserted into an abnormally low orbit and subsequently lost. This was due to one of the nine Merlin engines shutting down during the launch, and NASA declining a second reignition, as per ISS visiting vehicle safety rules, the primary payload owner is contractually allowed to decline a second reignition. NASA stated that this was because SpaceX could not guarantee a high enough likelihood of the second stage completing the second burn successfully which was required to avoid any risk of secondary payload's collision with the ISS.[27][28][29] | |||||||||
| 5 | 1 March 2013, 15:10 |
F9 v1.0[7] B0007[8] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
SpaceX CRS-2[23] (Dragon C104) |
4,877 kg (10,752 lb) | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success | No attempt |
| Last launch of the original Falcon 9 v1.0 launch vehicle, first use of the unpressurized trunk section of Dragon.[30] | |||||||||
| 6 | 29 September 2013, 16:00[31] |
F9 v1.1[7] B1003[8] |
VAFB, SLC-4E |
CASSIOPE[23][32] | 500 kg (1,100 lb) | Polar orbit LEO | MDA | Success[31] | Uncontrolled (ocean)[d] |
| First commercial mission with a private customer, first launch from Vandenberg, and demonstration flight of Falcon 9 v1.1 with an improved 13-tonne to LEO capacity.[30] After separation from the second stage carrying Canadian commercial and scientific satellites, the first stage booster performed a controlled reentry,[33] and an ocean touchdown test for the first time. This provided good test data, even though the booster started rolling as it neared the ocean, leading to the shutdown of the central engine as the roll depleted it of fuel, resulting in a hard impact with the ocean.[31] This was the first known attempt of a rocket engine being lit to perform a supersonic retro propulsion, and allowed SpaceX to enter a public-private partnership with NASA and its Mars entry, descent, and landing technologies research projects.[34] (more details below) | |||||||||
| 7 | 3 December 2013, 22:41[35] |
F9 v1.1 B1004 |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
SES-8[23][36][37] | 3,170 kg (6,990 lb) | GTO | SES | Success[38] | No attempt [39] |
| First Geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) launch for Falcon 9,[36] and first successful reignition of the second stage.[40] SES-8 was inserted into a Super-Synchronous Transfer Orbit of 79,341 km (49,300 mi) in apogee with an inclination of 20.55° to the equator. | |||||||||
2014
With six launches, SpaceX became the second most prolific American company in terms of 2014 launches, behind Atlas V rockets.[41]
| Flight No. | Date and time (UTC) |
Version, Booster[b] |
Launch site | Payload[c] | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
Booster landing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8 | 6 January 2014, 22:06[42] |
F9 v1.1 | CCAFS, SLC-40 |
Thaicom 6[23] | 3,325 kg (7,330 lb) | GTO | Thaicom | Success[43] | No attempt [44] |
| The Thai communication satellite was the second GTO launch for Falcon 9. The USAF evaluated launch data from this flight as part of a separate certification program for SpaceX to qualify to fly military payloads, but found that the launch had "unacceptable fuel reserves at engine cutoff of the stage 2 second burnoff".[45] Thaicom-6 was inserted into a Super-Synchronous Transfer Orbit of 90,039 km (55,948 mi) in apogee with an inclination of 22.46° to the equator. | |||||||||
| 9 | 18 April 2014, 19:25[22] |
F9 v1.1 | Cape Canaveral, LC-40 |
SpaceX CRS-3[23] (Dragon C105) |
2,296 kg (5,062 lb)[46] | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success | Controlled (ocean) [d][47] |
| Following second-stage separation, SpaceX conducted a second controlled-descent test of the discarded booster vehicle and achieved the first successful controlled ocean touchdown of a liquid-rocket-engine orbital booster.[48][49] Following the soft touchdown, the first stage tipped over as expected and was destroyed. This was the first Falcon 9 booster to fly with extensible landing legs and the first Dragon mission with the Falcon 9 v1.1 launch vehicle. This flight also launched the ELaNa 5 mission for NASA as a secondary payload.[50][51] | |||||||||
| 10 | 14 July 2014, 15:15 |
F9 v1.1 | Cape Canaveral, LC-40 |
Orbcomm-OG2-1 (6 satellites)[23] |
1,316 kg (2,901 lb) | LEO | Orbcomm | Success[52] | Controlled (ocean)[d][47] |
| Payload included six satellites weighing 172 kg (379 lb) each and two 142 kg (313 lb) mass simulators.[25][53] Equipped for the second time with landing legs, the first-stage booster successfully conducted a controlled-descent test consisting of a burn for deceleration from hypersonic velocity in the upper atmosphere, a reentry burn, and a final landing burn before soft-landing on the ocean surface.[54] | |||||||||
| 11 | 5 August 2014, 08:00 |
F9 v1.1 | Cape Canaveral, LC-40 |
AsiaSat 8[23][55][56] | 4,535 kg (9,998 lb) | GTO | AsiaSat | Success[57] | No attempt [58] |
| First time SpaceX managed a launch site turnaround between two flights of under a month (22 days). GTO launch of the large communication satellite from Hong Kong did not allow for propulsive return-over-water and controlled splashdown of the first stage.[58] | |||||||||
| 12 | 7 September 2014, 05:00 |
F9 v1.1 B1011[8] |
Cape Canaveral, LC-40 |
AsiaSat 6[23][55][59] | 4,428 kg (9,762 lb) | GTO | AsiaSat | Success[60] | No attempt |
| Launch was delayed for two weeks for additional verifications after a malfunction observed in the development of the F9R Dev1 prototype.[61] GTO launch of the heavy payload did not allow for controlled splashdown.[62] | |||||||||
| 13 | 21 September 2014, 05:52[22] |
F9 v1.1 B1010[8] |
Cape Canaveral, LC-40 |
SpaceX CRS-4[23] (Dragon C106.1) |
2,216 kg (4,885 lb)[63] | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success[64] | Uncontrolled (ocean)[d][65] |
| Fourth attempt of a soft ocean touchdown,[66] but the booster ran out of liquid oxygen.[65] Detailed thermal imaging infrared sensor data was collected however by NASA, as part of a joint arrangement with SpaceX as part of research on retropropulsive deceleration technologies for developing new approaches to Martian atmospheric entry.[66] | |||||||||
2015
With 7 launches in 2015, Falcon 9 was the second most launched American rocket behind Atlas V.[67]
| Flight No. | Date and time (UTC) |
Version, Booster[b] |
Launch site | Payload[c] | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
Booster landing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14 | 10 January 2015, 09:47[68] |
F9 v1.1 B1012[8] |
Cape Canaveral, LC-40 |
SpaceX CRS-5[69] (Dragon C107) |
2,395 kg (5,280 lb)[70] | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success[71] | Failure (drone ship) |
| Following second-stage separation, SpaceX attempted to return the first stage for the first time to a 90 m × 50 m (300 ft × 160 ft) floating platform — called the autonomous spaceport drone ship. The test achieved many objectives and returned a large amount of data, but the grid-fin control surfaces used for the first time for more precise reentry positioning ran out of hydraulic fluid for its control system a minute before landing, resulting in a landing crash.[72] | |||||||||
| 15 | 11 February 2015, 23:03[73] |
F9 v1.1 B1013[8] |
Cape Canaveral, LC-40 |
DSCOVR[69][74] | 570 kg (1,260 lb) | HEO (Sun–Earth L1 insertion) |
Success | Controlled (ocean)[d] | |
| First launch under USAF's OSP 3 launch contract.[75] First SpaceX launch to put a satellite beyond a geostationary transfer orbit, first SpaceX launch into interplanetary space, and first SpaceX launch of an American research satellite. The first stage made a test flight descent to an over-ocean landing within 10 m (33 ft) of its intended target.[76] | |||||||||
| 16 | 2 March 2015, 03:50[22][77] |
F9 v1.1 B1014[8] |
Cape Canaveral, LC-40 |
4,159 kg (9,169 lb) | GTO | Success | No attempt[78] | ||
| The launch was Boeing's first conjoined launch of a lighter-weight dual-commsat stack that was specifically designed to take advantage of the lower-cost SpaceX Falcon 9 launch vehicle.[79][80] Per satellite, launch costs were less than US$30 million.[81] The ABS satellite reached its final destination ahead of schedule and started operations on 10 September 2015.[82] | |||||||||
| 17 | 14 April 2015, 20:10[22] |
F9 v1.1 B1015[8] |
Cape Canaveral, LC-40 |
SpaceX CRS-6[69] (Dragon C108.1) |
1,898 kg (4,184 lb)[83] | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success | Failure[84] (drone ship) |
| After second-stage separation, a controlled-descent test was attempted with the first stage. After the booster contacted the ship, it tipped over due to excess lateral velocity caused by a stuck throttle valve that delayed downthrottle at the correct time.[85][86] | |||||||||
| 18 | 27 April 2015, 23:03[87] |
F9 v1.1 B1016[8] |
Cape Canaveral, LC-40 |
TürkmenÄlem 52°E / MonacoSAT[69][88] | 4,707 kg (10,377 lb) | GTO | Turkmenistan National Space Agency[89] |
Success | No attempt[90] |
| Original intended launch was delayed over a month after an issue with the helium pressurisation system was identified on similar parts in the assembly plant.[91] Subsequent launch successfully positioned this first Turkmen satellite at 52.0° east. | |||||||||
| 19 | 28 June 2015, 14:21[22][92] |
F9 v1.1 B1018[8] |
Cape Canaveral, LC-40 |
SpaceX CRS-7[69] (Dragon C109) |
1,952 kg (4,303 lb)[93] | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Failure[94] (in flight) |
Precluded[95] (drone ship) |
| Launch performance was nominal until an overpressure incident in the second-stage LOX tank, leading to vehicle breakup at T+150 seconds. Dragon capsule survived the explosion but was lost upon splashdown as its software did not contain provisions for parachute deployment on launch vehicle failure.[96](more details below) The drone ship Of Course I Still Love You was towed out to sea to prepare for a landing test so this mission was its first operational assignment.[97] | |||||||||
| 20 | 22 December 2015, 01:29[98] |
F9 FT B1019[99] |
Cape Canaveral, LC-40 |
Orbcomm-OG2-2 (11 satellites)[23][98] |
2,034 kg (4,484 lb) | LEO | Orbcomm | Success | Success[100] (ground pad) |
| Payload included eleven satellites weighing 172 kg (379 lb) each,[25] and a 142 kg (313 lb) mass simulator.[53] First launch of the upgraded v1.1 version, with a 30% power increase.[101] Orbcomm had originally agreed to be the third flight of the enhanced-thrust rocket,[102] but the change to the maiden flight position was announced in October 2015.[101] SpaceX received a permit from the FAA to land the booster on solid ground at Cape Canaveral[103] and succeeded for the first time.[100] This booster, serial number B1019, is now on permanent display outside SpaceX's headquarters in Hawthorne, California, at the intersection of Crenshaw Boulevard and Jack Northrop Avenue.[99] (more details below) | |||||||||
2016
With 8 successful launches for 2016, SpaceX equalled Atlas V for most American rocket launches for the year.[104]
| Flight No. | Date and time (UTC) |
Version, Booster[b] |
Launch site | Payload[c] | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
Booster landing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21 | 17 January 2016, 18:42[22] |
F9 v1.1 B1017[8] |
VAFB, SLC-4E |
Jason-3[69][105] | 553 kg (1,219 lb) | LEO | Success | Failure (drone ship) | |
| First launch of NASA and NOAA joint science mission under the NLS II launch contract (not related to NASA CRS or USAF OSP3 contracts) and last launch of the Falcon 9 v1.1 launch vehicle. The Jason-3 satellite was successfully deployed to target orbit.[106] SpaceX attempted for the first time to recover the first-stage booster on its new Pacific autonomous drone ship, but after a soft landing on the ship, the lockout on one of the landing legs failed to latch and the booster fell over and exploded.[107][108] | |||||||||
| 22 | 4 March 2016, 23:35[22] |
F9 FT B1020[109] |
Cape Canaveral, LC-40 |
SES-9[69][110][111] | 5,271 kg (11,621 lb) | GTO | SES | Success | Failure (drone ship) |
| Second launch of the enhanced Falcon 9 Full Thrust launch vehicle.[101] SpaceX attempted for the first time to recover a booster from a GTO launch to a drone ship.[112] Successful landing was not expected due to low fuel reserves[113] and the booster "landed hard".[114] But the controlled-descent, atmospheric re-entry and navigation to the drone ship were successful and returned significant test data on bringing back high-energy Falcon 9 boosters.[115] | |||||||||
| 23 | 8 April 2016, 20:43[22] |
F9 FT B1021.1[116] |
Cape Canaveral, LC-40 |
SpaceX CRS-8[69][111] (Dragon C110.1) |
3,136 kg (6,914 lb)[117] | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success[118] | Success[119] (drone ship) |
| Dragon carried over 1,500 kg (3,300 lb) of supplies and delivered the inflatable Bigelow Expandable Activity Module (BEAM) to the ISS for two years of in-orbit tests.[120] The rocket's first stage landed smoothly on SpaceX's autonomous spaceport drone ship at 9 minutes after liftoff, making this the first successful landing of a rocket booster on a ship at sea from an orbital launch.[121] The first stage B1021 later became the first orbital booster to be reused when it launched SES-10 on 30 March 2017.[116] A month later, the Dragon spacecraft returned a downmass containing astronaut's Scott Kelly biological samples from his year-long mission on ISS.[122](more details below) | |||||||||
| 24 | 6 May 2016, 05:21[22] |
F9 FT B1022[123] |
Cape Canaveral, LC-40 |
JCSAT-14[124] | 4,696 kg (10,353 lb)[125] | GTO | SKY Perfect JSAT Group | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| First time SpaceX launched a Japanese satellite, and first time a booster landed successfully after launching a payload into a GTO.[126] As this flight profile has a smaller margin for the booster recovery, the first stage re-entered Earth's atmosphere faster than for previous landings, with five times the heating power.[127][128] | |||||||||
| 25 | 27 May 2016, 21:39[129] |
F9 FT B1023.1[130] |
Cape Canaveral, LC-40 |
Thaicom 8[131][132] | 3,100 kg (6,800 lb)[133] | GTO | Thaicom | Success | Success[134] (drone ship) |
| Second successful return from a GTO launch,[135] after launching Thaicom 8 towards 78.5° east.[136] Later became the first booster to be reflown after being recovered from a GTO launch. THAICOM 8 was delivered to a Super-Synchronous Transfer Orbit of 91,000 km (57,000 mi).[137] | |||||||||
| 26 | 15 June 2016, 14:29[22] |
F9 FT B1024[109] |
Cape Canaveral, LC-40 |
3,600 kg (7,900 lb) | GTO | Success | Failure[65] (drone ship) | ||
| One year after pioneering this technique on Flight 16, Falcon again launched two Boeing 702SP gridded ion thruster satellites at 1,800 kg (4,000 lb) each,[138][139] in a dual-stack configuration, with the two customers sharing the rocket and mission costs.[82] First-stage landing attempt on drone ship failed due to low thrust on one of the three landing engines;[140] a sub-optimal path led to the stage running out of propellant just above the deck of the landing ship,[141] slamming to the drone ship, breaking a leg, and falling over. | |||||||||
| 27 | 18 July 2016, 04:45[22] |
F9 FT B1025.1[130] |
Cape Canaveral, LC-40 |
SpaceX CRS-9[69][142] (Dragon C111.1) |
2,257 kg (4,976 lb)[143] | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success | Success (ground pad) |
| Cargo to ISS included an International Docking Adapter (IDA-2) and total payload with reusable Dragon Capsule was 6,457 kg (14,235 lb). Second successful first-stage landing on a ground pad.[144] | |||||||||
| 28 | 14 August 2016, 05:26 |
F9 FT B1026[109] |
Cape Canaveral, LC-40 |
JCSAT-16 | 4,600 kg (10,100 lb) | GTO | SKY Perfect JSAT Group | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| First attempt to land from a ballistic trajectory using a single-engine landing burn, as all previous landings from a ballistic trajectory had fired three engines on the final burn. The latter provides more braking force but subjects the vehicle to greater structural stresses, while the single-engine landing burn takes more time and fuel while allowing more time during final descent for corrections.[145] | |||||||||
| N/A [e] | 3 September 2016, 07:00 (planned)[146] |
F9 FT B1028[109] |
Cape Canaveral, LC-40 |
Amos-6[147] | 5,500 kg (12,100 lb) | GTO | Spacecom | Precluded (failure pre-flight) |
Precluded (drone ship) |
| The rocket and the Amos-6 payload were lost in a launch pad explosion on 1 September 2016 during propellant filling procedures prior to a static fire test.[148] The pad was clear of personnel, and there were no injuries.[149] SpaceX released an official statement in January 2017 indicating that the cause of the failure was a buckled liner in several of the Composite overwrapped pressure vessel (COPV) (used to store helium which pressurize the stage's propellant tanks), causing perforations that allowed liquid and/or solid oxygen to accumulate underneath the lining, which was ignited by friction.[150] Following the explosion, SpaceX has switched to performing static fire tests only without attached payloads.(more details below) | |||||||||
2017
With 18 launches throughout 2017, SpaceX had the most prolific yearly launch manifest of all rocket families.[151] Five launches in 2017 used pre-flown boosters.
| Flight No. | Date and time (UTC) |
Version, Booster[b] |
Launch site | Payload[c] | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
Booster landing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 29 | 14 January 2017, 17:54 |
F9 FT B1029.1[152] |
VAFB, SLC-4E |
Iridium NEXT-1 (10 satellites)[153][154] |
9,600 kg (21,200 lb) | Polar LEO | Iridium Communications | Success | Success[155] (drone ship) |
| Return-to-flight mission after the loss of Amos-6 in September 2016. This was the first launch of a series of Iridium NEXT satellites intended to replace the original Iridium constellation launched in the late 1990s. Each Falcon 9 mission carried 10 satellites, with a goal of 66 plus 9 spare[156] satellites constellation by mid-2018.[157][158] Following the delayed launch of the first two Iridium units with a Dnepr rocket from April 2016, Iridium Communications decided to launch the first batch of 10 satellites with SpaceX instead.[159] Payload comprised ten satellites weighing 860 kg (1,900 lb) each plus a 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) dispenser.[160] | |||||||||
| 30 | 19 February 2017, 14:39 |
F9 FT B1031.1[8] |
KSC, LC-39A |
SpaceX CRS-10[142] (Dragon C112.1) |
2,490 kg (5,490 lb)[161] | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success | Success (ground pad) |
| First Falcon 9 flight from the historic LC-39A launchpad at Kennedy Space Center, and first uncrewed launch from LC-39A since Skylab-1.[162] The flight carried supplies and materials to support ISS Expeditions 50 and 51, and third return of first stage booster to landing pad at Cape Canaveral Landing Zone 1.[163] | |||||||||
| 31 | 16 March 2017, 06:00 |
F9 FT B1030[164] |
KSC, LC-39A |
EchoStar 23 | 5,600 kg (12,300 lb)[165] | GTO | EchoStar | Success | No attempt [166] |
| First uncrewed non-station launch from LC-39A since Apollo 6.[162] Launched a communications satellite for broadcast services over Brazil.[167] Due to the payload size launch into a GTO, the booster was expended into the Atlantic Ocean and did not feature landing legs and grid fins.[168] | |||||||||
| 32 | 30 March 2017, 22:27 |
F9 FT ♺ B1021.2[116] |
KSC, LC-39A |
SES-10[110][169] | 5,300 kg (11,700 lb)[170] | GTO | SES | Success[171] | Success (drone ship) |
| First payload to fly on a reused first stage, B1021, previously launched with CRS-8, and first to land intact a second time.[172][171] Additionally, this flight was the first reused rocket to fly from LC-39A since STS-135 and for the first time the payload fairing, used to protect the payload during launch, remained intact after a successful splashdown achieved with thrusters and a steerable parachute.[173][174](more details below) | |||||||||
| 33 | 1 May 2017, 11:15 |
F9 FT B1032.1[130] |
KSC, LC-39A |
NROL-76[175] | Classified | LEO[176] | NRO | Success | Success (ground pad) |
| First launch under SpaceX's 2015 certification for national security space missions, which allowed SpaceX to contract launch services for classified payloads,[177] and thus breaking the monopoly United Launch Alliance (ULA) held on classified launches since 2006.[178] For the first time, SpaceX offered continuous livestream of first stage booster from liftoff to landing, but omitted second-stage speed and altitude telemetry.[179] | |||||||||
| 34 | 15 May 2017, 23:21 |
F9 FT B1034.1[180] |
KSC, LC-39A |
Inmarsat-5 F4[181] | 6,070 kg (13,380 lb)[182] | GTO | Inmarsat | Success | No attempt [166] |
| The launch was originally scheduled for the Falcon Heavy, but performance improvements allowed the mission to be carried out by an expendable Falcon 9 instead.[183] Inmarsat-5 F4 is Inmarsat's "largest and most complicated communications satellite ever built".[184] Inmarsat 5 F4 was delivered into an arcing "supersynchronous" transfer orbit of 381 km × 68,839 km (237 mi × 42,775 mi) in altitude, tilted 24.5° to the equator.[185] | |||||||||
| 35 | 3 June 2017, 21:07 |
F9 FT B1035.1[186] |
KSC, LC-39A |
SpaceX CRS-11[142] (Dragon C106.2 ♺) |
2,708 kg (5,970 lb)[187] | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success | Success (ground pad) |
| This mission delivered Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER),[188] Multiple User System for Earth Sensing Facility (MUSES),[189] Roll Out Solar Array (ROSA),[190] an Advanced Plant Habitat to the ISS,[191][192] and Birds-1 payloads. This mission launched for the first time a refurbished Dragon capsule,[193] serial number C106, which had flown in September 2014 on the SpaceX CRS-4 mission,[186] and was the first time since 2011 a reused spacecraft arrived at the ISS.[194] Five cubesats were included in the payload, the first satellites from the countries of Bangladesh (BRAC Onnesha), Ghana (GhanaSat-1), and Mongolia (Mazaalai).[195] | |||||||||
| 36 | 23 June 2017, 19:10 |
F9 FT ♺ B1029.2[196] |
KSC, LC-39A |
BulgariaSat-1[197] | 3,669 kg (8,089 lb)[198] | GTO | Bulsatcom | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Second time a booster was reused, as B1029 had flown the Iridium mission in January 2017.[196] This was the first commercial Bulgarian-owned communications satellite.[196] | |||||||||
| 37 | 25 June 2017, 20:25 |
F9 FT B1036.1[199] |
VAFB, SLC-4E |
Iridium NEXT-2 (10 satellites) |
9,600 kg (21,200 lb) | LEO | Iridium Communications | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Second Iridium constellation launch of 10 satellites, and first flight using titanium (instead of aluminium) grid fins to improve control authority and better cope with heat during re-entry.[200] | |||||||||
| 38 | 5 July 2017, 23:38 |
F9 FT B1037.1[201] |
KSC, LC-39A |
Intelsat 35e[202] | 6,761 kg (14,905 lb)[203] | GTO | Intelsat | Success | No attempt [166] |
| Originally expected to be flown on a Falcon Heavy,[204] improvements to the Merlin engines meant that the heavy satellite could be flown to GTO in an expendable configuration of Falcon 9.[205] The rocket achieved a supersynchronous orbit peaking at 43,000 km (27,000 mi), exceeding the minimum requirements of 28,000 km (17,000 mi).[206] Intelsat 35e is the largest Intelsat's currently active satellite.[207] | |||||||||
| 39 | 14 August 2017, 16:31 |
F9 B4 B1039.1[208] |
KSC, LC-39A |
SpaceX CRS-12[142] (Dragon C113.1) |
3,310 kg (7,300 lb) | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success | Success (ground pad) |
| Dragon carried 2,349 kg (5,179 lb) of pressurized and 961 kg (2,119 lb) unpressurized mass, including the Cosmic Ray Energetics and Mass Experiment (CREAM) detector.[191] First flight of the upgrade known informally as "Block 4", which increases thrust from the main engines and includes other small upgrades,[208] and last flight of a newly built Dragon capsule, as further missions are planned to use refurbished spacecraft.[209] Also launched the Educational Launch of Nanosatellites ELaNa 22 mission.[50] | |||||||||
| 40 | 24 August 2017, 18:51 |
F9 FT B1038.1[210] |
VAFB, SLC-4E |
Formosat-5[211][212] | 475 kg (1,047 lb)[213] | SSO | NSPO | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| First Earth observation satellite developed and constructed by Taiwan. The payload was much under the rocket's specifications, as the Spaceflight Industries SHERPA space tug had been removed from the cargo manifest of this mission,[214] leading to analyst speculations that with discounts due to delays, SpaceX lost money on the launch.[215] | |||||||||
| 41 | 7 September 2017, 14:00[216] |
F9 B4 B1040.1[109] |
KSC, LC-39A |
Boeing X-37B OTV-5 | 4,990 kg (11,000 lb)[217] + OTV payload |
LEO | USAF | Success | Success (ground pad) |
| Due to the classified nature of the mission, the second-stage speed and altitude telemetry were omitted from the launch webcast. Notably, the primary contractor, Boeing, had launched the X-37B with ULA, a Boeing partnership and a SpaceX competitor.[218] Second flight of the Falcon 9 Block 4 upgrade.[219] | |||||||||
| 42 | 9 October 2017, 12:37 |
F9 B4 B1041.1[220] |
VAFB, SLC-4E |
Iridium NEXT-3 (10 satellites)[153] |
9,600 kg (21,200 lb) | Polar LEO | Iridium Communications | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Third flight of the Falcon 9 Block 4 upgrade, and the third launch of 10 Iridium NEXT satellites.[220] | |||||||||
| 43 | 11 October 2017, 22:53:00 |
F9 FT ♺ B1031.2[221] |
KSC, LC-39A |
SES-11 / EchoStar 105 | 5,400 kg (11,900 lb)[222][223] | GTO | Success | Success (drone ship) | |
| Third reuse and recovery of a previously flown first-stage booster, and the second time the contractor SES used a reflown booster.[221] The large satellite is shared, in "CondoSat" arrangement between SES and EchoStar.[224] | |||||||||
| 44 | 30 October 2017, 19:34 |
F9 B4 B1042.1[220] |
KSC, LC-39A |
Koreasat 5A[225] | 3,500 kg (7,700 lb) | GTO | KT Corporation | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| First SpaceX launch of a South Korean satellite, placed in GEO at 113.0° east.[226] It was the third launch and land for SpaceX in three weeks, and the 15th successful landing in a row.[227] A small fire was observed under the booster after it landed, leading to speculations about damages to the engines which would preclude it from flying it again.[228] | |||||||||
| 45 | 15 December 2017, 15:36[229] |
F9 FT ♺ B1035.2[230] |
Cape Canaveral, SLC-40 |
SpaceX CRS-13[142] (Dragon C108.2 ♺) |
2,205 kg (4,861 lb) | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success | Success (ground pad) |
| First launch to take place at the refurbished pad at Cape Canaveral after the 2016 Amos-6 explosion, and the 20th successful booster landing. Being the second reuse of a Dragon capsule (previously flown on SpaceX CRS-6) and fourth reuse of a booster (previously flown on SpaceX CRS-11) it was the first time both major components were reused on the same flight.[231][230] | |||||||||
| 46 | 23 December 2017, 01:27[232] |
F9 FT ♺ B1036.2[230] |
VAFB, SLC-4E |
Iridium NEXT-4 (10 satellites)[153] |
9,600 kg (21,200 lb) | Polar LEO | Iridium Communications | Success[233] | Controlled (ocean)[d][233] |
| In order to avoid delays and convinced of no increased risks, Iridium Communications accepted the use of a recovered booster for its 10 satellites, and became the first customer to fly the same first-stage booster twice (from the second Iridium NEXT mission).[234][235] SpaceX chose not to attempt recovery of the booster, but did perform a soft ocean touchdown.[236] The launch occurred during sunset, which caused a twilight effect where sunlight reflected from the rocket plumes at high altitude, causing "jaw-dropping views" across Southern California and surrounding regions.[237] | |||||||||
2018
In November 2017, Gwynne Shotwell expected to increase launch cadence in 2018 by about 50% compared to 2017, leveling out at a rate of about 30 to 40 per year, not including launches for the planned SpaceX satellite constellation Starlink.[238] The actual launch rate increased by 17% from 18 in 2017 to 21 in 2018, giving SpaceX the second most launches for the year for a rocket family, behind China's Long March.[239] Falcon Heavy made its first flight.
| Flight No. | Date and time (UTC) |
Version, Booster[b] |
Launch site | Payload[c] | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
Booster landing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 47 | 8 January 2018, 01:00[240] |
F9 B4 B1043.1 |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
Zuma[241] | Classified | LEO | Northrop Grumman [f] | Success[242] | Success (ground pad) |
| The mission had been postponed by nearly two months. Following a nominal launch, the recovery of the first-stage booster marked the 17th successful recovery in a row.[243] Rumors appeared that the payload was lost, as the satellite might have failed to separate from the second stage due to a fault in the Northrop Grumman-manufactured payload adapter, to which SpaceX announced that their rocket performed nominally.[244] The classified nature of the mission means that there is little confirmed information.(more details below) | |||||||||
| 48 | 31 January 2018, 21:25[245] |
F9 FT ♺ B1032.2[246] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
GovSat-1 (SES-16)[247] | 4,230 kg (9,330 lb)[248] | GTO | SES | Success[249] | Controlled (ocean)[d][249] |
| Reused booster from the classified NROL-76 mission in May 2017.[246] Following a successful experimental soft ocean landing that used three engines, the booster unexpectedly remained intact. Recovery was talked about and a Craigslist ad believed to be made by Elon Musk jokingly said the booster was for sale at US$9.9 million if the buyer brought their own tugboat.[250] Despite this, recovery was not attempted, and the booster was subsequently destroyed.[251] GovSat-1 satellite was put into a high-energy Supersynchronous Transfer Orbit of 250 km × 51,500 km (160 mi × 32,000 mi).[252][253] | |||||||||
| FH 1 | 6 February 2018, 20:45[254] |
Falcon Heavy B1033.1 (core)[130] |
KSC, LC-39A |
Elon Musk's Tesla Roadster[255][256] | ~1,250 kg (2,760 lb)[257] | Heliocentric 0.99–1.67 AU[257] (close to Mars transfer orbit) |
SpaceX | Success[258] | Failure[258] (drone ship) |
| B1023.2[8] (side) ♺ | Success (ground pad) | ||||||||
| B1025.2[8] (side) ♺ | Success (ground pad) | ||||||||
| Maiden flight of Falcon Heavy, using two recovered Falcon 9 cores as side boosters (from the Thaicom 8[259] and SpaceX CRS-9[130] missions), as well as a modified Block 3 booster reinforced to endure the additional load from the two side boosters. The static fire test, held on 24 January 2018, was the first time 27 engines were tested together.[260] The launch was a success, and the side boosters landed simultaneously at adjacent ground pads.[258] Drone ship landing of the central core failed due to TEA–TEB chemical igniter running out, preventing two of its engines from restarting; the landing failure caused damage to the nearby drone ship.[261][262] Final burn to heliocentric Earth-Mars orbit was performed after the second stage and payload cruised for 6 hours through the Van Allen radiation belts.[263] Later, Elon Musk tweeted that the third burn was successful,[264] and JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System showed the second stage and payload in an orbit with an aphelion of 1.67 AU.[265] The live webcast proved immensely popular, as it became the second most watched livestream so far on YouTube, reaching over 2.3 million concurrent views.[266] Over 100,000 visitors are believed to have come to the Space Coast to watch the launch in person.[267](more details below) | |||||||||
| 49 | 22 February 2018, 14:17[268] |
F9 FT ♺ B1038.2[269] |
VAFB, SLC-4E |
2,150 kg (4,740 lb) | SSO | Success[272] | No attempt [272] | ||
| Last flight of a Block 3 first stage. Reused the booster from the Formosat-5 mission.[269] Paz (peace) is Spain's first spy satellite[273] that will be operated in a constellation with the German SAR fleet TSX and TDX.[270] In addition, the rocket carried two SpaceX test satellites for their forthcoming communications network in low Earth orbit.[274][271] This core flew without landing legs and was expended at sea.[274] It also featured an upgraded payload fairing 2.0 with a first recovery attempt using the Mr. Steven crew boat equipped with a net. The fairing narrowly missed the boat, but achieved a soft water landing.[275][276][272] | |||||||||
| 50 | 6 March 2018, 05:33[277] |
F9 B4 B1044.1[109] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
|
6,092 kg (13,431 lb)[280] | GTO | Success[281] | No attempt [282] | |
| The Spanish commsat was the largest satellite flown by SpaceX as of March 2018[update], "nearly the size of a bus".[283] A drone ship landing was planned, but scrapped due to unfavorable weather conditions.[282] SpaceX left the landing legs and titanium grid fins in place to prevent further delays, after previous concerns with the fairing pressurization and conflicts with the launch of GOES-S.[284] The Hispasat 30W-6 satellite was propelled into a supersynchronous transfer orbit.[285] | |||||||||
| 51 | 30 March 2018, 14:14[286] |
F9 B4 ♺ B1041.2[269] |
VAFB, SLC-4E |
Iridium NEXT-5 (10 satellites)[153] |
9,600 kg (21,200 lb) | Polar LEO | Iridium Communications | Success[287] | No attempt [288] |
| Fifth Iridium NEXT mission launch of 10 satellites used the refurbished booster from third Iridium flight. As with recent reflown boosters, SpaceX used the controlled descent of the first stage to test more booster recovery options.[289] SpaceX planned a second recovery attempt of one half of the fairing using the specially modified boat Mr. Steven,[290] but the parafoil twisted, which led to the fairing half missing the boat.[291] | |||||||||
| 52 | 2 April 2018, 20:30[292] |
F9 B4 ♺ B1039.2[293] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
SpaceX CRS-14[142] (Dragon C110.2 ♺) |
2,647 kg (5,836 lb)[293] | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success[294] | No attempt [295] |
| The launch used a refurbished booster (from CRS-12) and a refurbished capsule (C110 from CRS-8).[293] External payloads include a materials research platform Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE-FF)[296] phase 3 of the Robotic Refueling Mission (RRM)[297] TSIS,[298] ASIM heliophysics sensor,[191] several crystallization experiments,[299] and the RemoveDEBRIS system aimed at space debris removal.[300] The booster was expended, and SpaceX collected more data on reentry profiles.[301] It also carried the first Costa Rican satellite, Project Irazú,[302] and the first Kenyan satellite, 1KUNS-PF.[303] | |||||||||
| 53 | 18 April 2018, 22:51[304] |
F9 B4 B1045.1[269] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)[305] | 362 kg (798 lb)[306] | HEO for P/2 orbit | NASA (LSP) | Success[307] | Success[307] (drone ship) |
| First NASA high-priority science mission launched by SpaceX. Part of the Explorers program, TESS is space telescope intended for wide-field search of exoplanets transiting nearby stars. It was the first time SpaceX launched a scientific satellite which wasn't designed to focus on Earth observations. The second stage placed the spacecraft into a high elliptical Earth orbit, after which the satellite performed its own maneuvers, including a lunar flyby, such that over the course of two months it reached a stable 2:1 resonant orbit with the Moon.[308] In January 2018, SpaceX received NASA's Launch Services Program Category 2 certification of its Falcon 9 "Full Thrust", certification which is required for launching "medium-risk" missions like TESS.[309] Last launch of a new Block 4 booster,[310] and the 24th successful recovery of the first stage. An experimental water landing of the launch fairing was performed in order to attempt fairing recovery, primarily as a test of parachute systems.[306][307] | |||||||||
| 54 | 11 May 2018, 20:14[311] |
F9 B5[312] B1046.1[269] |
KSC, LC-39A |
Bangabandhu-1[313][314] | 3,600 kg (7,900 lb)[315] | GTO | Thales-Alenia / BTRC | Success[316] | Success[316] (drone ship) |
| First Block 5 launch vehicle booster to fly. Initially planned for an Ariane 5 launch in December 2017,[317] it became the first Bangladeshi commercial satellite,[318] BRAC Onnesha is a cubesat built by Thales Alenia Space.[319][320] It is intended to serve telecom services from 119.0° east with a lifetime of 15 years.[321] It was the 25th successfully recovered first stage booster.[316] | |||||||||
| 55 | 22 May 2018, 19:47[322] |
F9 B4 ♺ B1043.2[323] |
VAFB, SLC-4E |
6,460 kg (14,240 lb)[g] | Polar LEO | Success[328] | No attempt [166] | ||
| Sixth Iridium NEXT mission launching 5 satellites used the refurbished booster from Zuma. GFZ arranged a rideshare of GRACE-FO on a Falcon 9 with Iridium following the cancellation of their Dnepr launch contract in 2015.[324] Iridium CEO Matt Desch disclosed in September 2017 that GRACE-FO would be launched on this mission.[329] The booster reuse turnaround was a record 4.5 months between flights.[330] | |||||||||
| 56 | 4 June 2018, 04:45[331] |
F9 B4 ♺ B1040.2[269] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
SES-12[332] | 5,384 kg (11,870 lb)[333] | GTO | SES | Success[334] | No attempt [166] |
| The communications satellite serving the Middle East and the Asia-Pacific region at the same place as SES-8, and was the largest satellite built for SES.[332] The Block 4 first stage was expended,[333] while the second stage was a Block 5 version, delivering more power towards a higher supersynchronous transfer orbit with 58,000 km (36,000 mi) apogee.[335] | |||||||||
| 57 | 29 June 2018, 09:42[336] |
F9 B4 ♺ B1045.2[337] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
SpaceX CRS-15 (Dragon C111.2 ♺) |
2,697 kg (5,946 lb)[338] | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success[339] | No attempt [166] |
| Payload included MISSE-FF 2, ECOSTRESS, a Latching End Effector, and Birds-2 payloads. The refurbished booster featured a record 2.5 months period turnaround from its original launch of TESS, a record held until February 2020 with the Starlink L4 mission. The fastest previous was 4.5 months. This was the last flight of a Block 4 booster, which was expended into the Atlantic Ocean without landing legs and grid fins.[340] | |||||||||
| 58 | 22 July 2018, 05:50[341] |
F9 B5 B1047.1 |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
Telstar 19V[342] | 7,075 kg (15,598 lb)[343] | GTO[344] | Telesat | Success[345] | Success[345] (drone ship) |
| SSL-manufactured communications satellite intended to be placed at 63.0° west over the Americas,[346] replacing Telstar 14R.[344] At 7,075 kg (15,598 lb), it became the heaviest commercial communications satellite so far launched.[347][348] This necessitated that the satellite be launched into a lower-energy orbit than a usual GTO, with its initial apogee at roughly 17,900 km (11,100 mi).[344] | |||||||||
| 59 | 25 July 2018, 11:39[349] |
F9 B5[350] B1048.1[351] |
VAFB, SLC-4E |
Iridium NEXT-7 (10 satellites)[153] |
9,600 kg (21,200 lb) | Polar LEO | Iridium Communications | Success[352] | Success[353] (drone ship) |
| Seventh Iridium NEXT launch, with 10 communication satellites.[352] The booster landed safely on the drone ship in the worst weather conditions for any landing yet attempted.[353][352] Mr. Steven boat with an upgraded 4x size net was used to attempt fairing recovery but failed due to harsh weather.[353][352] | |||||||||
| 60 | 7 August 2018, 05:18[354] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1046.2[355] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
Merah Putih (formerly Telkom 4)[356][357] | 5,800 kg (12,800 lb)[358] | GTO | Telkom Indonesia | Success[359] | Success[359] (drone ship) |
| Indonesian comsat intended to replace the aging Telkom 1 at 108.0° east.[360] First reflight of a Block 5-version booster.[361] | |||||||||
| 61 | 10 September 2018, 04:45[362] |
F9 B5 B1049.1[269] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
Telstar 18V / Apstar-5C[342] | 7,060 kg (15,560 lb)[362] | GTO[362] | Telesat | Success[362] | Success[362] (drone ship) |
| Condosat for 138.0° east over Asia and Pacific.[363] Delivered to a GTO orbit with apogee close to 18,000 km (11,000 mi).[362] | |||||||||
| 62 | 8 October 2018, 02:22[364] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1048.2[365] |
VAFB, SLC-4E |
SAOCOM 1A[366][367] | 3,000 kg (6,600 lb)[364] | SSO | CONAE | Success[364] | Success[364] (ground pad) |
| Argentinian Earth-observation satellite was originally intended to be launched in 2012.[366] First landing on the West Coast ground pad.[364] | |||||||||
| 63 | 15 November 2018, 20:46[368] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1047.2[269] |
KSC, LC-39A |
Es'hail 2[369] | 5,300 kg (11,700 lb)[370] | GTO | Es'hailSat | Success[371] | Success[371] (drone ship) |
| Qatari comsat positioned at 26.0° east.[369] This launch used redesigned COPVs. This was to meet NASA safety requirements for commercial crew missions, in response to the September 2016 pad explosion.[372] | |||||||||
| 64 | 3 December 2018, 18:34:05 |
F9 B5 ♺ B1046.3[269] SHERPA |
VAFB, SLC-4E |
SSO-A (SmallSat Express) | ~4,000 kg (8,800 lb)[373] | SSO | Spaceflight Industries | Success[374] | Success[374] (drone ship) |
| Rideshare mission[375] where two SHERPA dispensers deployed 64 small satellites,[376][377] including Eu:CROPIS[378] for the German DLR, HIBER-2 for the Dutch Hiber Global,[379] ITASAT-1 for the Brazilian Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica,[380] two high-resolution SkySat imaging satellites for Planet Labs,[381] and two high school CubeSats part of NASA's ELaNa 24.[382] This was the first time a booster was used for a third flight. | |||||||||
| 65 | 5 December 2018, 18:16 |
F9 B5 B1050[269] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
SpaceX CRS-16 (Dragon C112.2♺ ) |
2,500 kg (5,500 lb)[383] | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success | Failure[384] (ground pad) |
| First CRS mission with the Falcon 9 Block 5. This carried the Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation lidar (GEDI) as an external payload.[385] The mission was delayed by one day due to moldy rodent food for one of the experiments on the Space Station. A previously flown Dragon spacecraft was used for the mission. The booster, in use for the first time, experienced a grid fin hydraulic pump stall on reentry, which caused it to spin out of control and touchdown at sea, heavily damaging the interstage section; this was the first failed landing targeted for a ground pad.[384][386] | |||||||||
| 66 | 23 December 2018, 13:51[387] |
F9 B5 B1054[388] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
GPS III-01 (Vespucci) | 4,400 kg (9,700 lb)[389] | MEO | USAF | Success[387] | No attempt [387] |
| Initially planned for a Delta IV launch,[390] this was SpaceX's first launch of an EELV-class payload.[391] There was no attempt to recover the first-stage booster for reuse[392][388] due to the customer's requirements, including a high inclination orbit of 55.0°.[393] Nicknamed Vespucci, the USAF marked the satellite operational on 1 January 2020 under the label SVN 74.[394] | |||||||||
2019
Shotwell declared in May 2019 that SpaceX might conduct up to 21 launches in 2019, not counting Starlink missions.[395] With a slump in worldwide commercial launch contracts for 2019, SpaceX ended up launching only 13 rockets throughout 2019 (11 without Starlink), significantly fewer than in 2017 and 2018, and third most launches of vehicle class behind China's Long March and Russia's R-7 rockets.[396]
| Flight No. | Date and time (UTC) |
Version, Booster[b] |
Launch site |
Payload[c] | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
Booster landing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 67 | 11 January 2019, 15:31[397] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1049.2[398] |
VAFB, SLC-4E |
Iridium NEXT-8 (10 satellites)[153] |
9,600 kg (21,200 lb) | Polar LEO | Iridium Communications | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Final launch of the Iridium NEXT contract, launching 10 satellites. | |||||||||
| 68 | 22 February 2019, 01:45[399] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1048.3[400] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
|
4,850 kg (10,690 lb)[404] | GTO | Success | Success (drone ship) | |
| Nusantara Satu is a private Indonesian comsat planned to be located at 146.0° east,[401] with a launch mass of 4,100 kg (9,000 lb),[404] and featuring electric propulsion for orbit-raising and station-keeping.[405][406] S5, a 60-kg smallsat by the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), was piggybacked on Nusantara Satu, and was deployed near its GEO position to perform a classified space situational awareness mission. This launch opportunity was brokered by Spaceflight Industries as "GTO-1".[403]
The Beresheet Moon lander (initially called Sparrow) was one of the candidates for the Google Lunar X-Prize, whose developers SpaceIL had secured a launch contract with Spaceflight Industries in October 2015.[407] Its launch mass was 585 kg (1,290 lb) including fuel.[408] After separating into a supersynchronous transfer orbit[409] with an apogee of 69,400 km (43,100 mi),[410][408] Beresheet raised its orbit by its own power over two months and flew to the Moon.[409][411] After successfully getting into lunar orbit, Beresheet attempted to land on the Moon on 11 April 2019 but failed.[412] | |||||||||
| 69 | 2 March 2019, 07:49[413] |
F9 B5 B1051.1[269][414] |
KSC, LC-39A |
Crew Dragon Demo-1[415] (Dragon C201) |
12,055 kg (26,577 lb)[416][h] | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CCD) | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| First flight of the SpaceX Crew Dragon. This was the first demonstration flight for the NASA Commercial Crew Program which awarded SpaceX a contract in September 2014 with flights hoped as early as 2015.[417] The Dragon performed an autonomous docking to the ISS 27 hours after launch with the hatch being opened roughly 2 hours later.[418] The vehicle spent nearly a week docked to the ISS to test critical functions. It undocked roughly a week later on 8 March 2019 and splashed down six hours later at 13:45.[419] The Dragon used on this flight was scheduled to fly on the inflight abort test in mid-2019 but was destroyed during testing.[420] The booster B1051.1 replaced B1050[421] and flew again on 12 June 2019. | |||||||||
| FH 2 | 11 April 2019, 22:35[422] |
Falcon Heavy B1055 core[422] |
KSC, LC-39A |
Arabsat-6A[423] | 6,465 kg (14,253 lb)[424] | GTO | Arabsat | Success | Success[i] (drone ship) |
| B1052.1 (side) |
Success (ground pad) | ||||||||
| B1053.1 (side) |
Success (ground pad) | ||||||||
| Second flight of Falcon Heavy, the first commercial flight, and the first one using Block 5 boosters. SpaceX successfully landed the side boosters at Landing Zone 1 and LZ 2 and reused the side boosters later for the STP-2 mission. The central core landed on drone ship Of Course I Still Love You, located 967 km (601 mi) downrange, the furthest successful sea landing so far.[426] Despite the successful landing, due to rough seas and the fact that the Octagrabber had not been configured to grab the central core of a Falcon Heavy, the central core was unable to be secured to the deck for recovery and later tipped overboard in transit. SpaceX has since developed new attachment fixtures for the Octagrabber so this problem won't happen again.[427][428] SpaceX recovered the fairing from this launch and later reused it in the November 2019 Starlink launch.[429][430] Arabsat-6A, a 6,465 kg (14,253 lb) Saudi satellite, is the most advanced commercial communications satellite so far built by Lockheed Martin.[431] The Falcon Heavy delivered the Arabsat-6A into a supersynchronous transfer orbit with 90,000 km (56,000 mi) apogee with an inclination of 23.0° to the equator.[432] | |||||||||
| 70 | 4 May 2019, 06:48 |
F9 B5 B1056.1[421] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
SpaceX CRS-17[142] (Dragon C113.2 ♺) |
2,495 kg (5,501 lb)[433] | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| A Commercial Resupply Service mission to the International Space Station carrying nearly 2.5 tons of cargo including the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-3 as an external payload.[433] Originally planned to land at Landing Zone 1, the landing was moved to the drone ship after a Dragon 2 had an anomaly during testing at LZ-1.[434] | |||||||||
| 71 | 24 May 2019, 02:30 |
F9 B5 ♺ B1049.3[435] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
Starlink v0.9 (60 satellites) |
13,620 kg (30,030 lb)[5] | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Following the launch of the two Tintin test satellites, this was the first full-scale test launch of the Starlink constellation, launching "production design" satellites.[436][437][438] Each Starlink satellite has a mass of 227 kg (500 lb),[439] and the combined launch mass was 13,620 kg (30,030 lb) the heaviest payload launched by SpaceX at that time.[440] The fairings were recovered[441] and reused for Starlink L5 in March 2020.[442] These are the first commercial satellites to use krypton as fuel for their ion thrusters, which is cheaper than the usual xenon fuel.[443] | |||||||||
| 72 | 12 June 2019, 14:17 |
F9 B5 ♺ B1051.2[421] |
VAFB, SLC-4E |
RADARSAT Constellation (3 satellites) |
4,200 kg (9,300 lb)[444] | SSO | Canadian Space Agency (CSA) | Success | Success (ground pad) |
| A trio of satellites built for Canada's RADARSAT program were launched that plan to replace the aging Radarsat-1 and Radarsat-2. The new satellites contain Automated Identification System (AIS) for locating ships and provide the world's most advanced, comprehensive method of maintaining Arctic sovereignty, conducting coastal surveillance, and ensuring maritime security.[445][444] The mission was originally scheduled to lift off in February but due to the landing failure of booster B1050, this flight was switched to B1051 (used on Crew Dragon Demo-1) and delayed to allow refurbishment and transport to the West coast.[421] The booster landed safely through fog.[446] A payload cost of roughly US$1 billion made this SpaceX's second most expensive payload launched[447][448] and most valuable commercial payload so far put into orbit.[449] | |||||||||
| FH 3 | 25 June 2019, 06:30[450] |
Falcon Heavy B1057 core[421] |
KSC, LC-39A |
Space Test Program Flight 2 (STP-2) | 3,700 kg (8,200 lb) | LEO / MEO | USAF | Success | Failure (drone ship) |
| B1052.2 (side) ♺ |
Success (ground pad) | ||||||||
| B1053.2 (side) ♺ |
Success (ground pad) | ||||||||
| USAF Space Test Program Flight 2 (STP-2)[75] carried 24 small satellites,[451] including: FormoSat-7 A/B/C/D/E/F integrated using EELV Secondary Payload Adapter,[452] DSX, Prox-1[453] GPIM,[454] DSAC,[455] ISAT, SET,[456] COSMIC-2, Oculus-ASR, OBT, NPSat,[457] and several CubeSats including E-TBEx,[458] LightSail 2,[459] TEPCE, PSAT, and three ELaNa 15 CubeSats. Total payload mass was 3,700 kg (8,200 lb).[460] The mission lasted six hours during which the second stage ignited four times and went into different orbits to deploy satellites including a "propulsive passivation maneuver".[457][461]
Third flight of Falcon Heavy. The side boosters from the Arabsat-6A mission just 2.5 months before were reused on this flight and successfully returned to LZ-1 and LZ-2.[421] The center core, in use for the first time, underwent the most energetic reentry attempted by SpaceX, and attempted a landing over 1,200 km (750 mi) downrange, 30% further than any previous landing.[462] This core suffered a thrust vector control failure in the center engine caused by a breach in the engine bay due to the extreme heat. The core thus failed its landing attempt on the drone ship Of Course I Still Love You due to lack of control when the outer engines shut down.[463] For the first time, one fairing half was successfully landed on the catch-net of the support ship GO Ms. Tree (formerly Mr. Steven).[464] | |||||||||
| 73 | 25 July 2019, 22:01[465] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1056.2[466] |
CCAFS SLC-40 |
SpaceX CRS-18[142] (Dragon C108.3 ♺) |
2,268 kg (5,000 lb)[465] | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success | Success (ground pad) |
| This launch carried nearly 9,000 individual unique payloads including over one ton of science experiments, the most so far launched on a SpaceX Dragon. The third International Docking Adapter (IDA-3), a replacement for the first IDA lost during the CRS-7 launch anomaly, was one of the external payloads on this mission.[467] Along with food and science, the Dragon also carried the ELaNa 27 RFTSat CubeSat[468] and MakerSat-1 which will be used to demonstrate microgravity additive manufacturing. The satellite is expected to be launched by a Cygnus dispenser later in July 2019.
The booster used on this flight was the same used on CRS-17 earlier in the year; originally, it was planned to reuse it again for the CRS-19 mission later this year,[469] but the plan was scrapped. For the first time, the twice flown Dragon spacecraft also made a third flight.[470] Also used for the first time was a gray-band painted where the RP-1 kerosene tank is located, to help with thermal conductivity and thus saving fuel during long coasts.[471] | |||||||||
| 74 | 6 August 2019, 23:23[472] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1047.3[473] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
AMOS-17[474] | 6,500 kg (14,300 lb)[475] | GTO | Spacecom | Success | No attempt[475] |
| AMOS-17 is the most advanced high-throughput satellite to provide satellite communication services to Africa.[476] Following the loss of AMOS-6 in September 2016, Spacecom was granted a free launch in compensation for the lost satellite.[477] Due to the free launch, Spacecom was able to expend the booster with no extra cost that comes with expending a booster, and thus could reach final orbit quicker. This booster became the second Block 5 booster to be expended.[475][478] For the second time, Ms. Tree managed to catch a fairing half directly into its net.[479] | |||||||||
| 75 | 11 November 2019, 14:56[480] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1048.4 |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
Starlink 1 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb)[5] | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Second large batch of Starlink satellites and the first operational mission of the constellation, it launched in a roughly 290 km (180 mi) orbit at an inclination of 53.0°. At 15,600 kg (34,400 lb), it is the heaviest payload so far launched by SpaceX, breaking the record set by the Starlink v0.9 flight earlier that year.[5] This flight marked the first time that a Falcon 9 booster made a fourth flight and landing.[481] This was also the first time that a Falcon 9 re-used fairings (from ArabSat-6A in April 2019).[430] It was planned to recover the fairings with both Ms. Tree and Ms. Chief but the plan was abandoned due to rough seas.[5] | |||||||||
| 76 | 5 December 2019, 17:29[482] |
F9 B5 B1059.1[483] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
SpaceX CRS-19[484] (Dragon C106.3 ♺) |
2,617 kg (5,769 lb) | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Second re-supply flight to use a Cargo Dragon for the third time.[485] This flight carried Robotic Tool Stowage (RiTS), a docking station that allows equipment that looks for leaks on the Space Station be stored on the outside. Also on board were upgrades for the Cold Atom Laboratory (CAL). Onboard experiments include the testing of the spread of fire in space, mating barley in microgravity and experiments to test muscle and bone growth in microgravity.[486] Secondary payloads include the Hyperspectral Imager Suite (HISUI), an experiment to image high resolution across all colours of the light spectrum, allowing for imaging of soil, rocks, vegetation, snow, ice and man-made objects. Additionally, there were three CubeSats from NASA's ELaNa 28 mission,[382] including the AztechSat-1 satellite built by students in Mexico.[486] | |||||||||
| 77 | 17 December 2019, 00:10[487] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1056.3[483] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
JCSat-18 / Kacific 1[488] | 6,956 kg (15,335 lb)[487] | GTO | Sky Perfect JSAT Kacific 1 |
Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Singaporean-Japanese CondoSat that will cover the Asia-Pacific region.[489] Due to the heavy weight of the payload, it was injected into a lower energy sub-synchronous orbit of 20,000 km (12,000 mi); the satellite itself will transfer to full GTO. This was the third Falcon 9 launch for JSAT and the previous two were in 2016. SpaceX successfully landed B1056.3 but both fairing halves missed the recovery boats Ms. Tree and Ms. Chief.[490] | |||||||||
2020
In late 2019, Gwynne Shotwell stated that SpaceX hoped for as many as 24 launches for Starlink satellites in 2020,[491] in addition to 14 or 15 non-Starlink launches. At 26 launches, 13 of which for Starlink satellites, Falcon 9 had its most prolific year, and Falcon rockets were second most prolific rocket family of 2020, only behind China's Long March rocket family.[492]
| Flight No. | Date and time (UTC) |
Version, Booster[b] |
Launch site |
Payload[c] | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
Booster landing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 78 | 7 January 2020, 02:19:21[493] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1049.4 |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
Starlink 2 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb)[5] | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Third large batch and second operational flight of Starlink constellation. One of the 60 satellites included a test coating to make the satellite less reflective, and thus less likely to interfere with ground-based astronomical observations.[494] | |||||||||
| 79 | 19 January 2020, 15:30[495] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1046.4 |
KSC, LC-39A |
Crew Dragon in-flight abort test[496] (Dragon C205.1) |
12,050 kg (26,570 lb) | Sub-orbital[497] | NASA (CTS)[498] | Success | No attempt |
| An atmospheric test of the Dragon 2 abort system after Max Q. The capsule fired its SuperDraco engines, reached an apogee of 40 km (25 mi), deployed parachutes after reentry, and splashed down in the ocean 31 km (19 mi) downrange from the launch site. The test was previously slated to be accomplished with the Crew Dragon Demo-1 capsule;[499] but that test article exploded during a ground test of SuperDraco engines on 20 April 2019.[420] The abort test used the capsule originally intended for the first crewed flight.[500] As expected, the booster was destroyed by aerodynamic forces after the capsule aborted.[501] First flight of a Falcon 9 with only one functional stage — the second stage had a mass simulator in place of its engine. | |||||||||
| 80 | 29 January 2020, 14:07[502] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1051.3 |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
Starlink 3 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb)[5] | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Third operational and fourth large batch of Starlink satellites, deployed in a circular 290 km (180 mi) orbit. One of the fairing halves was caught, while the other was fished out of the ocean.[503] | |||||||||
| 81 | 17 February 2020, 15:05[504] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1056.4 |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
Starlink 4 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb)[5] | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Failure (drone ship) |
| Fourth operational and fifth large batch of Starlink satellites. Used a new flight profile which deployed into a 212 km × 386 km (132 mi × 240 mi) elliptical orbit instead of launching into a circular orbit and firing the second stage engine twice. The first stage booster failed to land on the drone ship[505] due to incorrect wind data.[506] This was the first time a flight proven booster failed to land. | |||||||||
| 82 | 7 March 2020, 04:50[507] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1059.2 |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
SpaceX CRS-20 (Dragon C112.3 ♺) |
1,977 kg (4,359 lb)[508] | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success | Success (ground pad) |
| Last launch of phase 1 of the CRS contract. Carries Bartolomeo, an ESA platform for hosting external payloads onto ISS.[509] Originally scheduled to launch on 2 March 2020, the launch date was pushed back due to a second stage engine failure. SpaceX decided to swap out the second stage instead of replacing the faulty part.[510] It was SpaceX's 50th successful landing of a first stage booster, the third flight of the Dragon C112 and the last launch of the cargo Dragon spacecraft. | |||||||||
| 83 | 18 March 2020, 12:16[511] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1048.5 |
KSC, LC-39A |
Starlink 5 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb)[5] | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Failure (drone ship) |
| Fifth operational launch of Starlink satellites. It was the first time a first stage booster flew for a fifth time and the second time the fairings were reused (Starlink flight in May 2019).[512] Towards the end of the first stage burn, the booster suffered premature shut down of an engine, the first of a Merlin 1D variant and first since the CRS-1 mission in October 2012. However, the payload still reached the targeted orbit.[513] This was the second Starlink launch booster landing failure in a row, later revealed to be caused by residual cleaning fluid trapped inside a sensor.[514] | |||||||||
| 84 | 22 April 2020, 19:30[515] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1051.4 |
KSC, LC-39A |
Starlink 6 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb)[5] | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Sixth operational launch of Starlink satellites. The 84th flight of the Falcon 9 rocket, it surpassed Atlas V to become the most-flown operational US rocket.[516] Used fairings launched on AMOS-17 (August 2019).[517] | |||||||||
| 85 | 30 May 2020, 19:22[518] |
F9 B5 B1058.1[519] |
KSC, LC-39A |
Crew Dragon Demo-2[415] (Crew Dragon C206.1 Endeavour) |
12,530 kg (27,620 lb)[520] | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CCDev) | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| First crewed orbital spaceflight from American soil since Space Shuttle STS-135 in July 2011, carrying NASA astronauts Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley to the International Space Station.[415] The SpaceX live stream was peaked at 4.1 million viewers, while NASA estimated roughly 10 million people watched on various online platforms, and approximately 150,000 people gathered on Florida's space coast despite the risks of the COVID-19 pandemic.[521] | |||||||||
| 86 | 4 June 2020, 01:25[522] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1049.5 |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
Starlink 7 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb)[5] | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Seventh operational launch of Starlink satellites, occurred on the 10th anniversary of the first Falcon 9 flight. Included "VisorSat" satellite test that uses a sunshade to limit reflectivity.[523] First booster to successfully land five times, and first to land on Just Read The Instructions since it was moved to the East Coast. | |||||||||
| 87 | 13 June 2020, 09:21[524] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1059.3 |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
Starlink 8 v1.0 (58 satellites),[525][526] SkySats-16, -17, -18 |
15,410 kg (33,970 lb)[524] | LEO | SpaceX Planet Labs |
Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Eighth operational launch of Starlink satellites, included the first rideshare in SpaceX's SmallSat Program, of three SkySat satellites.[527][528] One payload fairing half launched on JCSat-18 / Kacific 1 mission in December 2019. The other payload fairing half flew on Starlink 2 v1.0 in January 2020.[529] For the first time, SpaceX did not perform a static fire before launch. | |||||||||
| 88 | 30 June 2020, 20:10:46[530] |
F9 B5 B1060.1 |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
GPS III-03 (Matthew Henson) | 4,311 kg (9,504 lb)[531] | MEO | U.S. Space Force[531] | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Payload manufacturing contract awarded January 2012,[532] fully assembled in August 2017,[533][534] and completed thermal vacuum testing in June 2018.[535] Launch contract was awarded initially for US$96.5 million,[536] but later, this was discounted in exchange for allowing to launch configuration enabling booster recovery.[537] The vehicle nicknamed Columbus was transported to Florida in February 2020,[538] but launch was delayed by the customer from April 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[539] The launch was dedicated to the memory of the recently deceased, late commander of the 21st Space Wing, Colonel Thomas G. Falzarano,[540][541] and after launch, in October 2020, the nickname was changed to that of the Arctic explorer Matthew Henson.[542][391] The second stage featured a gray band to allow more heat to be absorbed during the longer coasting period,[543] while both fairings were recovered out of the water without attempting a catch in the net. | |||||||||
| 89 | 20 July 2020, 21:30[544] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1058.2[545] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
ANASIS-II | 5,000–6,000 kg (11,000–13,000 lb) | GTO | Republic of Korea Army | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| At 5-6 tonnes, the satellite formerly known as K-Milsat-1 is South Korea's first dedicated military satellite. Contracted by South Korea's Defense Acquisition Program Administration in 2014.[546] 57th successful recovery of a Falcon 9 first stage. For the first time both fairing halves were also successfully caught by fairing catching ships.[547] This launch featured a booster reflight within 51 days, a new record turnaround time for a Falcon booster.[548] It was the same booster that launched the Crew Dragon Demo-2 spacecraft on 30 May 2020.[544] The satellite was delivered to a super-synchronous transfer orbit of 211 km × 45,454 km (131 mi × 28,244 mi), while both fairing halves were caught in the catch nets of the supports ships.[549] | |||||||||
| 90 | 7 August 2020, 05:12[550] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1051.5 |
KSC, LC-39A |
Starlink 9 v1.0 (57 Satellites),[525] SXRS-1 (BlackSky Global 7 and 8) |
14,932 kg (32,919 lb) | LEO | SpaceX Spaceflight Industries (BlackSky) |
Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Ninth operational launch of Starlink satellites. This mission carried 57 Starlink satellites and two BlackSky satellites as rideshare.[551] This first rideshare contracted with Spaceflight Industries was dubbed internally as "SXRS-1".[552] After previously testing on a single Starlink, the launch will have all 57 satellites include a "VisorSat" to reduce their brightness.[553] | |||||||||
| 91 | 18 August 2020 14:31[554] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1049.6[545] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
Starlink 10 v1.0 (58 satellites) SkySat-19, -20, -21 |
~15,440 kg (34,040 lb) | LEO | SpaceX Planet Labs |
Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Tenth operational launch of Starlink satellites. Starlink flight including three SkySat rideshare satellites.[527] First time a booster made a 6th flight.[555] The fairings previously flew on Starlink 3 v1.0. One fairing half was caught by Go Ms. Tree, the other was scooped out of the ocean.[527] | |||||||||
| 92 | 30 August 2020 23:18[556] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1059.4 |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
SAOCOM 1B[557] GNOMES 1[557] Tyvak-0172[558] |
3,130 kg (6,900 lb)[559] | SSO | CONAE PlanetIQ Tyvak |
Success | Success (ground pad) |
| The 100th launch in SpaceX's history, first time a commercial launch on a fourth launch of a booster, it deployed Earth-observing satellites built by Argentina's space agency CONAE and two rideshares. SpaceX was contracted in 2009 for an initial launch as early as 2013.[560] Originally planned for launch from Vandenberg but launched from Cape Canaveral, which made it the first flight from there using the southern corridor to a polar orbit since 1969.[561][562] | |||||||||
| 93 | 3 September 2020 12:46:14[563] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1060.2[564] |
KSC, LC-39A |
Starlink 11 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb)[5] | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Eleventh operational launch of Starlink satellites, bringing the total to 713 launched Starlink satellites.[563] | |||||||||
| 94 | 6 October 2020 11:29:34[565] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1058.3[566] |
KSC, LC-39A |
Starlink 12 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb)[5] | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Twelfth operational launch of Starlink satellites, which for the first time used a fairing half on its third launch.[567] Also, the B1058 holds the title for the shortest time a booster reached 3 flights which is 129 days beating B1046 by 77 days. | |||||||||
| 95 | 18 October 2020 12:25:57[568] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1051.6[569] |
KSC, LC-39A |
Starlink 13 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb)[5] | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Thirteenth operational launch of Starlink satellites. Second time a booster was flown six times and first time both fairing halves were flown a third time. Both fairing halves landed on their respective ships but one fairing broke the net on Ms Tree.[570] | |||||||||
| 96 | 24 October 2020 15:31:34[571] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1060.3 |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
Starlink 14 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb) | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Fourteenth operational launch of Starlink satellites and the 100th successful launch of a Falcon vehicle.[572] | |||||||||
| 97 | 5 November 2020 23:24:23[573] |
F9 B5 B1062.1 |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
GPS III-04 (Sacagawea)[542][574] | 4,311 kg (9,504 lb) | MEO | USSF | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Manufacturing contract awarded in January 2012,[532] underwent thermal vacuum testing in December 2018,[575] while the launch contract was awarded in March 2018.[576] A launch attempt on 3 October 2020 was aborted two seconds before liftoff due to early start in two engines.[577][578] Following the abort, two engines from B1062 were sent for further testing.[579] The abort also caused delays to the Crew-1 launch to allow time for data review.[580][581] | |||||||||
| 98 | 16 November 2020 00:27[582] |
F9 B5 B1061.1[583] |
KSC, LC-39A |
Crew-1 (Crew Dragon C207.1 Resilience) |
~12,500 kg (27,600 lb) | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CCP)[498] | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| First crew rotation of the commercial crew program, following the return in August of the crewed test flight mission Crew Demo 2. Originally designated "USCV-1" by NASA. Carried astronauts Victor Glover, Mike Hopkins, Shannon Walker and Soichi Noguchi, for a 6-month stay aboard the ISS, during which the Boeing Starliner OFT-2 flight is expected to dock also.[584] The first flight of the crew program was initially expected to launch in 2017,[585][586] and finished final certifications in November 2020.[587] | |||||||||
| 99 | 21 November 2020 17:17:08[588] |
F9 B5 B1063.1 |
VAFB, SLC-4E |
Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich (Jason-CS A) | 1,192 kg (2,628 lb) | LEO | NASA / NOAA / ESA / EUMETSAT | Success | Success (ground pad) |
| Named after the former director of NASA's Earth science program, it is a radar altimeter satellite part of the Ocean Surface Topography constellation located at 1,336 km (830 mi) and 66° inclination, and a follow-up to Jason 3 as a partnership between the United States (NOAA and NASA), Europe (EUMETSAT, ESA, CNES).[589] | |||||||||
| 100 | 25 November 2020 02:13[590] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1049.7[591] |
CCAFS, SLC-40 |
Starlink 15 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb) | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| First time a booster was launched for a seventh time and first time SpaceX completed four launches in a single month. | |||||||||
| 101 | 6 December 2020 16:17:08[592] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1058.4[593] |
KSC, LC-39A |
SpaceX CRS-21 (Dragon C208.1) |
2,972 kg (6,552 lb) | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| First launch of phase 2 of the CRS contract of six launches awarded in January 2016.[594] It was the first launch of the upgraded version Cargo Dragon 2 spacecraft, with increased payload capacity and autonomous docking to the ISS. Payloads included Will Nanoracks Bishop Airlock[595] and CFIG-1 (Cool Flames Investigation with Gases).[596] It's also the 100th successful Falcon 9 launch. | |||||||||
| 102 | 13 December 2020 17:30:00[597] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1051.7 |
CCSFS, SLC-40[598] |
SXM-7 | 7,000 kg (15,000 lb) | GTO | Sirius XM | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Launched the largest, high-power broadcasting satellite for SiriusXM's digital audio radio service (DARS). SXM-7 was built by Maxar Technologies; intended to operate in the S-band spectrum, it will replace the SXM-3 satellite. The satellite will deliver the highest power density of any commercial satellite on-orbit,[599] generate more than 20 kW of power, and have a large unfoldable antenna reflector, which enables broadcast to radios without the need for large dish-type antennas on the ground. Due to the heavy weight, the payload was injected into a sub-synchronous orbit of 224 km × 19,411 km (139 mi × 12,061 mi) and the satellite itself will transfer to full GTO.[600] It was the first time a commercial primary payload flew on a booster which had been flown more than 4 times before.[601] First dedicated customer launch where the fairings were previously used.[602] | |||||||||
| 103 | 19 December 2020 14:00:00[603] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1059.5 |
KSC, LC-39A |
NROL-108 | Classified | LEO | NRO | Success | Success (ground pad) |
| The planned launch was not known by the public until FCC filings appeared in late September followed by confirmation from the NRO on 5 October 2020, likely a relatively light payload that allows the return of the booster to the launch site.[604] | |||||||||
2021
In October 2020, Musk indicated he wanted to be able to increase launches to 48 in 2021.[605] Regulatory documents filed in February 2020 specify a maximum of 54 launches for Falcon 9 and another 10 for Falcon Heavy for 2021 from Florida, according to an environmental assessment.[606]
| Flight No. | Date and time (UTC) |
Version, Booster[b] |
Launch site |
Payload[c] | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
Booster landing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 104 | 8 January 2021 02:15[607] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1060.4 |
CCSFS, SLC-40 |
Türksat 5A[608] | 3,500 kg (7,700 lb) | GTO | Türksat | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| A 3,500 kg (7,700 lb) satellite intended to be stationed at 31.0° east.[608] This is the most powerful satellite in Türksat's fleet[609] and will provide Ku-band television broadcast services over Turkey, the Middle East, Europe and Africa. The satellite was injected in to a Super-synchronous transfer orbit of 280 km × 55,000 km (170 mi × 34,180 mi) with 17.6° inclination.[610] | |||||||||
| 105 | 20 January 2021 13:02[611] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1051.8[612] |
KSC, LC-39A |
Starlink 16 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb) | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| The first booster to successfully launch and land eight times. Achieved a record turnaround time between two launches of the same booster of only 38 days and brought the total of launched Starlink satellites to over 1000.[613] SpaceX stated that the landing would occur during higher winds than usual; this test to expand the landing envelope was successfully passed by the booster.[614] | |||||||||
| 106 | 24 January 2021 15:00[615] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1058.5[616] |
CCSFS, SLC-40 |
Transporter-1: (143 smallsat rideshare) | ~5,000 kg (11,000 lb) | SSO | Various | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| First dedicated smallsat rideshare launch, targeting a 525 km (326 mi) altitude orbit.[617] The launch deployed a record 143 satellites, consisting of 120 CubeSats, 11 microsatellites, 10 Starlinks, and 2 transfer stages. In addition, 2 hosted payloads and 1 non-separating dummy satellite[618] were[failed verification] launched.[619] These include SpaceBEE (x 36), Lemur-2 (x 8), ICEYE (x 3), UVSQ-SAT,[620] ELaNa 35 (PTD-1),[382] and Kepler nanosats (x 8).[621][622] D-Orbit ION Satellite Carrier and 10 Starlink satellites placed in a polar orbit[623] and 2 of 15 payloads remained attached to SHERPA-FX1. Exolaunch deployed several small satellites and cubesats via their own deployment mechanisms. First flight of a Falcon 9 with a SHERPA-FX transfer stage called SHERPA-FX1.[624][625] | |||||||||
| 107 | 4 February 2021 06:19[626] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1060.5[627] |
CCSFS, SLC-40 |
Starlink 18 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb) | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| This marked the fastest turnaround to date, at 27 days, and the first time a Falcon 9 flies twice within a month.[628] | |||||||||
| 108 | 16 February 2021 03:59:37[629] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1059.6 |
CCSFS, SLC-40 |
Starlink 19 v1.0 (60 satellites)[630] | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb) | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Failure (drone ship) |
| A hole in a heat-shielding engine cover, which likely developed through fatigue, allowed recirculating hot exhaust gases to damage one of the Merlin 1D first-stage engines, causing it to shut down early during ascent. Engine-out capability of the Falcon 9 allowed the mission to continue and successfully deploy the 60 Starlink satellites to orbit.[631] The issue caused the booster to fail its landing attempt and miss the droneship Of Course I Still Love You (OCISLY) after its entry burn, breaking the longest streak of 24 landing successes.[632] During this mission, GO Ms. Tree and GO Ms. Chief were used for the last time to recover the fairings.[633][634] After this mission, both ships were retired because SpaceX no longer plans to catch the fairings.[635] | |||||||||
| 109 | 4 March 2021 08:24[636] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1049.8[637] |
KSC, LC-39A |
Starlink 17 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb) | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Launch had previously been postponed multiple times, causing the payload Starlink L17 to launch after the L18 and L19 missions. Featured for the first time, a fairing which was flying on its fourth flight.[638] The second-stage deorbit burn failed, causing an uncontrolled reentry on 26 March 2021 over the west coast of the United States.[639] | |||||||||
| 110 | 11 March 2021 08:13:29[640] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1058.6[641] |
CCSFS, SLC-40 |
Starlink 20 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb) | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Twentieth operational launch of Starlink satellites, bringing the total to 1,265 (including prototypes) launched Starlink satellites.[642] | |||||||||
| 111 | 14 March 2021 10:01[643] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1051.9 |
KSC, LC-39A |
Starlink 21 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb) | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| First time a first-stage booster flew and landed for the ninth time. This flight also marked the fastest turnaround time for a fairing half, at 49 days. Both fairing halves previously flew on the Transporter-1 mission.[644] | |||||||||
| 112 | 24 March 2021 08:28[645] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1060.6[646] |
CCSFS, SLC-40 |
Starlink 22 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb) | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Fairing "wet recovery" achieved by contracted recovery vessel Shelia Bordelon for the first time. Both fairing halves were retrieved from the water.[647] | |||||||||
| 113 | 7 April 2021 16:34 |
F9 B5 ♺ B1058.7 |
CCSFS, SLC-40 |
Starlink 23 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb) | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| 23rd operational launch of Starlink satellites, bringing the total to 1,385 launched Starlink satellites (including prototype). This launch featured the second fastest booster turnaround time at 27 days and 8 hours (after Starlink 18 with B1060.5, which was 4 hours faster).[648] | |||||||||
| 114 | 23 April 2021 09:49[649] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1061.2[650] |
KSC, LC-39A |
Crew-2 (Crew Dragon C206.2 Endeavour ♺) |
~13,000 kg (29,000 lb)[651] | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CTS)[498] | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Second operational flight of Crew Dragon for Commercial Crew Program. Transported NASA astronauts Shane Kimbrough and Megan McArthur, JAXA Astronaut Akihiko Hoshide and ESA astronaut Thomas Pesquet to the ISS.[652] The four astronauts will spend 6 months aboard the ISS. Beginning with the Crew-2 mission, NASA has modified the contract to allow NASA astronauts to use flight-proven Dragon capsules and booster.[653] Thus SpaceX reflew the Dragon used on Demo-2 and used Booster B1061-2 which had been used to launch Crew-1 in November 2020. | |||||||||
| 115 | 29 April 2021 03:44[654] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1060.7[655] |
CCSFS, SLC-40 |
Starlink 24 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb) | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| 24th operational launch of Starlink satellites, bringing the total to 1,434 Starlink satellites still in orbit. This launch also paid tribute to Apollo 11 crew Michael Collins, who passed away hours before the launch.[656] | |||||||||
| 116 | 4 May 2021 19:01[657] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1049.9[658] |
KSC, LC-39A |
Starlink 25 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb) | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| 25th operational launch of Starlink satellites, bringing the total to 1,494 Starlink satellites still in orbit, second time a booster flew for the ninth time. | |||||||||
| 117 | 9 May 2021 06:42[659] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1051.10[660] |
CCSFS, SLC-40 |
Starlink 27 v1.0 (60 satellites) | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb) | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Booster flew and landed for a record 10th time, with reused fairings, bringing the total number of operational Starlink satellites in the first shell to approximately 1516 out of a planned 1584.[661] | |||||||||
| 118 | 15 May 2021 22:56[662] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1058.8[663] |
KSC, LC-39A[664] |
Starlink 26 v1.0 (52 Satellites) Capella-6 &Tyvak-0130[665] |
~14,000 kg (31,000 lb) | LEO | SpaceX Capella Space and Tyvak |
Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Rideshare launch with a targeted orbit at 569x582, significantly higher than typical Starlink launches, to allow for needs of the rideshare payloads.[666] Fairing "wet recovery" done by contracted recovery vessel Shelia Bordelon for the last time. | |||||||||
| 119 | 26 May 2021 18:59[667] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1063.2[668] |
CCSFS, SLC-40[668] |
Starlink 28 v1.0 (60 Satellites)[668] | 15,600 kg (34,400 lb) | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Will likely complete the first shell of the Starlink network located at 550 km altitude and containing 1584 satellites.[666] It was 40th launch a fairing was reused, with one half being used for the 5th time (first fairing to do so) and the other for a 3rd time.[669] This launch marks SpaceX's 100th successful launch in a row without in-flight failure since December 2015. | |||||||||
| 120 | 3 June 2021 17:29[670] |
F9 B5 B1067.1[671] |
KSC, LC-39A |
SpaceX CRS-22 (Dragon C209.1) |
3,328 kg (7,337 lb) | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Second of a minimum of six new cargo missions under the CRS-2 contract, which NASA awarded SpaceX in 2015. Mission was flown with an uncrewed Dragon 2 capsule,[672] which carried solar panels, catalytic reactor for the station’s life support system, an emergency air supply system, Kurs remote control unit, and a Potable Water Dispense (PWD) filter. Also carried were the RamSat cubesat as payload for ELaNa 36,[673] the SOAR cubesat for the University of Manchester[674] and the first Mauritian satellite MIR-SAT1[675] to be launched from the station later. This was the last mission the Of Course I Still Love You droneship supported on the east coast,[676] since SpaceX plans to launch Starlink satellites from the West Coast starting in July, which will require a droneship landing. OCISLY will be replaced by the new A Shortfall Of Gravitas droneship later this summer.[677] | |||||||||
| 121 | 6 June 2021 04:26[678] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1061.3 |
CCSFS, SLC-40 |
SXM-8[679] | 7,000 kg (15,000 lb) | GTO | Sirius XM | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| A large, high-power broadcasting satellite for SiriusXM's digital audio radio service (DARS) contracted together with SXM-7 to replace the aging XM-4 satellite and allow broadcast to radios without the need for large dish-type antennas on the ground.[601][680] | |||||||||
| 122 | 17 June 2021 16:09[681] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1062.2[682] |
CCSFS, SLC-40 |
GPS III-05 (Neil Armstrong)[542][389] | 4,331 kg (9,548 lb)[683] | MEO | USSF[531] | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Manufacturing contract awarded February 2013.[684] In March 2018, the Air Force announced it had awarded the launch contract for three GPS satellites to SpaceX.[685] This is the first reused booster launch for a 'national security' mission.[686] Fairing "wet recovery" to be achieved by contracted recovery vessel Hos Briarwood for the first time. Both fairing halves to be retrieved from the water.[687] | |||||||||
| 123 | 30 June 2021 19:31[688] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1060.8 |
CCSFS, SLC-40 |
Transporter-2: (88 payloads Smallsat Rideshare) | ~11,000 kg (24,000 lb) | SSO | Various | Success | Success (ground pad) |
| A total of 88 payloads including Starlink satellites (3x), Polar Vigilance (4x), Exolaunch YAM-2 & 3, Satellogic,[689] Capella-5[690] HawkEye Cluster 3 (multiple sats), Spaceflight Industries (multiple sats including on two space tugs Sherpa-FX2 Sherpa-LTE1).[688] | |||||||||
| 124 | 29 August 2021 07:14[691] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1061.4 |
KSC, LC-39A |
SpaceX CRS-23 (Dragon C208.2 ♺) |
~2,200 kg (4,900 lb) | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| Third of six new cargo missions NASA awarded in 2015 to SpaceX under the CRS-2 contract to be flown after the initial 20 missions of phase 1 were completed in 2020.[672] Includes FBCE, SoFIE. First time a booster landed on SpaceX's fourth droneship, A Shortfall Of Gravitas (ASOG),[692][693] marking the first use when SpaceX has three droneships in operation. | |||||||||
| 125 | 14 September 2021, 03:55[694] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1049.10[695] |
VSFB, SLC-4E |
Starlink Group 2-1 (v1.5 L1, 51 satellites)[696][697] | ~13,260 kg (29,230 lb) | LEO | SpaceX | Success | Success (drone ship) |
| First launch of Starlink satellites from Vandenberg Space Force Base, and first West coast launch in 10 months. The 70-degree inclination launch is the first Starlink launch into a high-inclination, non-SSO orbit.[666] The satellites were the upgraded 1.5 version that featured "laser inter-satellite links, which are needed for high latitudes & mid ocean coverage".[696] It was the second booster to make a tenth flight and landing. | |||||||||
| 126 | 16 September 2021 00:02:56[698] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1062.3[699] |
KSC, LC-39A |
Inspiration4 (Crew Dragon C207.2 Resilience ♺) |
~12,519 kg (27,600 lb) | LEO | Jared Isaacman [note 1][700][701] |
Success | Success (drone ship) |
| SpaceX signed in February 2021, its first all-civilian flight for a crewed spacecraft with Jared Isaacman (Leadership), founder and CEO of Shift4 Payments, who commands and pilots the mission, and who donated the three other seats in the Crew Dragon vehicle's launch to LEO. The first of these three seats (Generosity) was won by Christopher Sembroski in a lottery, who donated to St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, the second seat (Hope) was awarded to Hayley Arceneaux, an ambassador associated with that hospital, and the third seat (Prosperity) was awarded to Sian Proctor, the winner of a contest between entrepreneurs who use Shift4Shop. The seats were awarded on 30 March 2021.[702][703] The mission reached a circular orbit of about 585 km and lasted about three days. The docking adapter of Crew Dragon Resilience was replaced by a dome window.[704][705][706] | |||||||||
Future launches
Future launches are listed chronologically when firm plans are in place. The order of the later launches is much less certain, as the official SpaceX manifest does not include a schedule.[679] Tentative launch dates are cited from various sources for each launch.[707][708][709] Launches are expected to take place "no earlier than" (NET) the listed date.
2021
| Date and time (UTC) | Version, Booster[b] |
Launch site | Payload[c] | Orbit | Customer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| October 2021[707] | F9 B5♺ B1051.11 |
VSFB, SLC-4E |
Starlink Group 2-3 | LEO | SpaceX |
| 30 October 2021 06:43[710] |
F9 B5 ♺ B1067.2[711] |
KSC, LC-39A |
Crew-3 (Crew Dragon C210.1 Endurance) |
LEO (ISS) | NASA (CTS)[498] |
| SpaceX's third operational Crew Dragon flight is scheduled to carry NASA astronauts Thomas Marshburn, Kayla Barron and Raja Chari as well as German ESA astronaut Matthias Maurer.[712] It will also carry up to 100 kg (220 lb) of cargo to the ISS as well as feature a lifeboat function to evacuate astronauts from ISS in case of an emergency.[498] | |||||
| October 2021[713][714] | F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
Starlink Group 2-2 | LEO | SpaceX |
| 18 November 2021 23:11:12[715] |
F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
CSG-2 | SSO | ASI |
| Second COSMO-SkyMed 2nd Generation satellite. Originally scheduled to launch in 2021 on an ArianSpace Vega-C rocket, resulting delays caused by the pandemic and two Vega launch failures led to ASI purchasing a Falcon 9 launch contract in September 2021 for the 2.2 ton satellite.[716][717] | |||||
| 24 November 2021 06:20[718] |
F9 B5 | VSFB, SLC-4E |
Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART)[719] | Heliocentric | NASA (LSP) |
| The 500 kg DART spacecraft will be used to measure the kinetic effects of crashing an impactor into the surface of the moon of 65803 Didymos asteroid. It will be the first mission to demonstrate asteroid redirect capability.[720] | |||||
| November 2021[721][713] | F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
Starlink | LEO | SpaceX |
| November 2021[709][713] | F9 B5 | VSFB, SLC-4E | Starlink | LEO | SpaceX |
| 9 December 2021[722] | F9 B5 ♺ | KSC, LC-39A |
Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE)[723] | LEO | NASA (LSP) |
| SMEX 14 mission with three identical NASA telescopes on a single spacecraft, designed to measure X-Rays. The launch contract was awarded to SpaceX for US$50.3 million.[723] | |||||
| 21 December 2021[707] ~09:00[708] |
F9 B5 | KSC, LC-39A |
SpaceX CRS-24 | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) |
| Fourth of six new cargo missions NASA awarded in 2015 to SpaceX under the CRS-2 contract to be flown after the initial 20 missions of phase 1 were completed in 2020.[672] | |||||
| Q4 2021[724][707] | F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
Türksat 5B | GTO | Türksat |
| The first GTO satellite partially built in Turkey, the 4,500 kg (9,900 lb) satellite is intended to be placed at 42.0° east.[725] | |||||
2022
SpaceX has allowed for up to 60 launches every year from Florida alone according to its February 2020 environmental assessment.[606]
| Date and time (UTC) | Version, Booster[b] |
Launch site | Payload[c] | Orbit | Customer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January 2022[709][726] | F9 B5 | VSFB, SLC-4E |
Transporter-3, SmallSat Rideshare[727] | SSO | Various |
| 2 February 2022[728] | F9 B5 | VSFB, SLC-4E |
NROL-87 | SSO[729] | NRO |
| Classified payload. It was expected to be completed by December 2021.[730] | |||||
| 21 February 2022[731][732] | F9 B5 | KSC, LC-39A |
Ax-1 (Crew Dragon C207.3 Resilience ♺) |
LEO (ISS) | Axiom Space |
| Announced in March 2020, the flight will be the first fully private flight to the ISS.[733] Crew Dragon will be commanded by Axiom professional astronaut Michael López-Alegría.[734] | |||||
| March 2022[707] | F9 B5 ♺[735] | VSFB, SLC-4E |
WorldView Legion 1 & 2 Mission 1 (2 Sats)[735] | SSO | Maxar |
| Two Maxar Technologies satellites built by subsidiary SSL for subsidiary DigitalGlobe.[735] | |||||
| March 2022[736] | F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
BlueWalker 3 | LEO[737] | AST SpaceMobile |
| March 2022[738] | F9 B5 | VSFB, SLC-4E |
Transporter-4, SmallSat Rideshare | SSO | Various |
| Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to sun-synchronous orbit. | |||||
| Q1 2022[739] | F9 B5 | KSC, LC-39A |
IM-1 Nova-C lunar lander | TLI | NASA (CLPS) Intuitive Machines |
| First mission of NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services program, and would be the first private American company to land a spacecraft on the Moon. The lander is expected to carry five payloads of up to 100 kg (220 lb) total (LRA, NDL, LN-1, SCALPSS, and ROLSES) and transmit data from the lunar surface in a mission lasting 2 weeks.[740][741][742] DOGE-1 will be a secondary rideshare payload massing 40 kg.[743][744] | |||||
| Q1 2022[745][746] | F9 B5 ♺[735] | VSFB, SLC-4E |
WorldView Legion 3-6 Mission 2 (4 sats)[735][747] | SSO | |
| Maxar Technologies built satellites. | |||||
| Early 2022[748] | Falcon Heavy B1064.1, B1065.1, B1066 |
KSC, LC-39A |
USSF-44[730] LDPE-2 (with 6 payloads)[749][750] |
GEO | USSF and Lockheed Martin Space |
| Classified payload totaling 3,750 kg (8,270 lb). Will use three new boosters, and first Heavy launch to deliberately expend the center core which thus lacks grid fins and landing gear needed for a landing,[751] while the two side-boosters will be targeting a simultaneous landing on droneships, JRTI and ASOG.[752][753][677] First SpaceX mission directly to geostationary orbit. Secondary payload Tetra-1,[754] LINUSS A1 and A2 on a space tug, LDPE-2. | |||||
| Early 2022[755] | F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
O3b mPOWER 1, 2 and 3 | MEO | SES |
| In September 2019, SES signed a contract to launch the first part of their seven MEO satellites for its O3b low-latency, high-performance connectivity services.[756][757] | |||||
| 15 April 2022[710] | F9 B5 ♺ | KSC, LC-39A |
Crew-4 | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CTS)[498] |
| NASA has awarded six missions with Crew Dragon to carry up to four astronauts and 100 kg (220 lb) of cargo to the ISS as well as feature a lifeboat function to evacuate astronauts from ISS in case of an emergency.[498] First two astronauts are NASA's Kjell Lindgren and Bob Hines.[758] | |||||
| April 2022[759] | F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
Nilesat-301[760] | GTO | Nilesat |
| Built by Thales Alenia Space, the Egyptian satellite will be stationed at 7.0° west.[760] | |||||
| May 2022[761] | F9 B5 | KSC, LC-39A |
SpaceX CRS-25[672] | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) |
| Fifth of six new cargo missions NASA awarded in 2015 to SpaceX under the CRS-2 contract to be flown after the initial 20 missions of phase 1 were completed in 2020.[672] | |||||
| June 2022[738] | F9 B5 | VSFB, SLC-4E |
Transporter-5, SmallSat Rideshare | SSO | Various |
| Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to sun-synchronous orbit. | |||||
| Q2 2022[748] | Falcon Heavy | KSC, LC-39A |
USSF-52 | GTO | USSF |
| Classified payload contract awarded in June 2018 for US$130 million,[762] increased to $149.2 million in August 2021 due to "a change in the contract requirements" and expected to be completed by 14 April 2022.[763] Draft solicitation said the launch was 6,350 kg (14,000 lb) to GTO.[764] | |||||
| Q2 2022[748][765] | Falcon Heavy B1068.1[766][767] |
KSC, LC-39A |
ViaSat-3 Americas[768][769] and Arcturus (Aurora 4A)[770][771] | GEO | ViaSat and Astranis / Pacific Dataport |
| This mission will inject the satellite in close proximity to geostationary orbit, thus allowing it to be operational faster. Satellites of the ViaSat-3 class use electric propulsion, which requires less fuel for stationkeeping operations over their lifetime, but typically would need several months to raise their orbit from GTO to GEO.[769] | |||||
| H1 2022[755][772] | F9 B5 B1049.xx[773] |
CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
O3b mPOWER -4, -5, -6 | MEO | SES |
| Second part of SES' MEO satellites for its O3b low-latency, high-performance connectivity services.[756][757] The Falcon 9 booster will be expended in order to allow the second stage to deploy the satellites closer to their operational medium earth orbit.[755] | |||||
| 1 August 2022[774][775] | F9 B5 | CCSFS, SLC-40 |
Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter (KPLO)[776] | TLI | KARI |
| South Korea's first lunar mission.[776] | |||||
| August 2022[777] | Falcon Heavy | KSC, LC-39A |
Psyche and possibly Janus[778] | Heliocentric | NASA (Discovery) |
| Discovery Program mission designed to explore asteroid 16 Psyche that has a limited 6-week launch window. The asteroid is hoped to show what the early solar system looked like and how planets formed.[779] Janus, planned dual space probe to visit two binary asteroids, (35107) 1991 VH and (175706) 1996 FG3 is also expected to be launched as a secondary payload together with the Psyche space probe. | |||||
| September 2022[780] | F9 B5 | KSC, LC-39A |
SpaceX CRS-26[672] | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) |
| Last of six new cargo missions NASA awarded in 2015 to SpaceX under the CRS-2 contract to be flown after the initial 20 missions of phase 1 were completed in 2020.[672] | |||||
| Q3 2022 | F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
Galaxy 31 and Galaxy 32 (2 satellites) | GTO | Intelsat |
| Maxar Technologies or Northrop Grumman built satellites[781] | |||||
| Q3 2022[782] | Likely Falcon Heavy | TBD | USSF-67 | TBD | USSF |
| First launch of Phase 2 US Air Force contract. US$316 million cost for the fiscal year of 2022 for the first flight,[782] mostly includes the cost of an extended payload fairing, upgrades to the company's West Coast launch pad at Vandenberg Space Force Base in California, and a vertical integration facility required for NRO missions, while the launching price does not increase.[783] | |||||
| 1 October 2022 | F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
MethaneSAT | SSO | Environmental Defense Fund New Zealand Space Agency |
| MethaneSAT is a 350 kg (770 lb) among satellite aimed at locating, quantifying, and tracking methane emissions from oil and gas operations worldwide. The project received $100 million grant for the mission's completion and launching from the Bezos Earth Fund, established by Jeff Bezos.[784] | |||||
| 25 October 2022[780] | F9 B5 ♺ | KSC, LC-39A |
Crew-5 | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CTS)[498] |
| Fifth USCV launches out of NASA award of six Crew Dragon mission, to carry up to four astronauts and 100 kg (220 lb) of cargo to the ISS as well as feature a lifeboat function to evacuate astronauts from ISS in case of an emergency.[498] Astronauts originally scheduled to fly on Boeing Starliner are likely to fly on this launch, likely Nicole Mann, Josh Cassada, and Jeanette Epps and likely to be join by Japan's Koichi Wakata.[785] | |||||
| October 2022[738] | F9 B5 / Orbiter[786][787] | VSFB, SLC-4E |
Transporter-6, SmallSat Rideshare | SSO | Various |
| Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to sun-synchronous orbit. | |||||
| 15 November 2022[780] | F9 B5 | VSFB, SLC-4E[788] |
Surface Water Ocean Topography (SWOT) | LEO | NASA |
| American-European satellite intended to measure the surface altitude of water bodies with centimeter-level precision.[789] | |||||
| Fall 2022[790] | F9 B5[791] | KSC, LC-39A |
Ax-2 | LEO (ISS) | Axiom Space |
| Contract for 3 additional missions was signed in June 2021.[792] Peggy Whitson and John Shoffner were signed on as commander and pilot.[793][794] The third seat is expected to be awarded to a Discovery reality TV show winner of Who Wants To Be An Astronaut?.[795] | |||||
| Late 2022[796] | F9 B5 | VSFB, SLC-4E |
ASBM 1 and ASBM 2 | HEO | Space Norway |
| Space Norway will launch 2 satellites of the Arctic Satellite Broadband Mission (ASBM) system into highly elliptical orbits (apogee 43,509 km (27,035 mi), perigee 8,089 km (5,026 mi), 63.4°)[797]) to provide communication coverage to high latitudes not served by geosynchronous satellites.[796] | |||||
| Q4 2022 | F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
Galaxy 33 and Galaxy 34 (2 satellites) | GTO | Intelsat |
| Maxar Technologies or Northrop Grumman built satellites.[781] | |||||
| December 2022[798] | F9 B5 | TBD | IM-2 Nova-C lunar lander Sherpa-ES |
TLI | NASA (CLPS) Intuitive Machines Spaceflight, Inc. |
| Intuitive Machines is sending its second lander aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9, with a projected launch time frame happening sometime around late 2022. Intuitive Machines has already booked a first lander mission via SpaceX, which is also hosting payloads for other private companies seeking to make lunar landfall under NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services program. The Sherpa-ES Go Beyond orbital transfer vehicle will deploy rideshare payloads to trans-lunar orbit, low-lunar orbit and beyond to GEO.[799][800] | |||||
| 2022[801] | F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
EnMAP | SSO | DLR GFZ |
| First German hyperspectral imaging satellite. | |||||
| 2022[802] | F9 B5 | CC, SLC-40 |
Hakuto-R Mission 1 Moon lander and Emirates Lunar Mission (Rashid) rover (secondary payload) |
TLI | ispace and MBRSC |
| ispace's Hakuto-R (for Reboot) is derived from the Hakuto project that was one of the defunct Google Lunar X Prize contestants. The rebooted project aims to launch a lander-rover mission carrying a Hakuto-R lander and Emirates Lunar Mission(Rashid) rover (in collaboration with MBRSC) in 2022 with a separate Japanese rover mission in 2023, both as secondary payloads on other unspecified Falcon 9 missions.[803][804] | |||||
| 2022[805] | F9 B5 ♺[682] | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
GPS III-06 (Amelia Earhart)[542][389] | MEO | USSF[531] |
| Space vehicle manufacturing contract awarded February 2013.[684] In September 2018, the space vehicle was integrating harnesses.[535] In March 2018, the Air Force announced it had awarded the launch contract for three GPS satellites to SpaceX. | |||||
| 2022[806] | F9 B5 or Falcon Heavy | KSC, LC-39A |
Inmarsat-6B | GTO | Inmarsat |
| Inmarsat maintained its launch option after a scheduled 2016 Falcon Heavy launch (a European Aviation Network satellite) was switched for an Ariane 5 launch in 2017.[807] This option may be used for launching Inmarsat-6B,[808] and, as of April 2020[update], SpaceX's launch manifest listed Inmarsat for a Falcon 9 launch.[809] | |||||
| 2022[810][811] | F9 B5 | VSFB, SLC-4E |
SARah-1[812] Additional payload to be announced.[812] |
SSO | German Intelligence Service |
| Phased-array-antenna satellite intended to upgrade the German SAR-Lupe surveillance satellites.[813] In January 2019, the satellites were expected to be launched between November 2020 and September 2021.[814] | |||||
| 2022[811] | F9 B5 | VSFB, SLC-4E |
SARah 2 & 3[815] | SSO | German Intelligence Service |
| In January 2019, the satellites were expected to be launched between November 2020 and September 2021.[814] | |||||
| 2022 | F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
SES-18 and SES-19[816] | GTO | SES |
| SpaceX will launch two C-band satellites for SES, with the option to launch a third satellite on a second flight.[817][818] | |||||
| 2022[772] | F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
O3b mPOWER 7, 8 and 9 | MEO | SES |
| In August 2020, SES expanded the O3m contract with two additional launches, raising the number of satellites from 7 to 11 satellites at nearly 2 tons each.[819][820] | |||||
| 2022 | F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
Intelsat 40e TEMPO |
GTO | Intelsat NASA |
| Maxar Technologies built satellite that will service North and Central America.[821] | |||||
| Later in 2022[822] | F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
NROL-85 (Intruder 13A and 13B) | LEO | NRO |
| Classified mission awarded to SpaceX in February 2019.[823] | |||||
| H2 2022[824] | F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
Amazonas Nexus[825] | GTO | Hispasat |
| This (4,500 kg (9,900 lb)) geostationary high throughput satellite features a new generation Digital Transparent Processor (DTP). | |||||
2023
| Date and time (UTC) | Version, Booster[b] |
Launch site | Payload[c] | Orbit | Customer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 January 2023[780] | F9 B5 | KSC, LC-39A |
SpaceX CRS-27 | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) |
| Three more CRS-2 missions for Dragon 2 covering up to CRS-29 were announced in December 2020.[826] | |||||
| 1 February 2023[780] | F9 B5 ♺ | KSC, LC-39A |
Crew-6 | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CTS)[498] |
| Last USCV launches out of NASA award of six Crew Dragon mission, to carry up to four astronauts and 100 kg (220 lb) of cargo to the ISS as well as feature a lifeboat function to evacuate astronauts from ISS in case of an emergency.[498] | |||||
| March 2023[804][827] | F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
Hakuto-R Moon lander (secondary payload)[803][828] | TLI | ispace |
| Ispace's Hakuto-R (for Reboot) is derived from the Hakuto project that was one of the defunct Google Lunar X Prize contestants. The rebooted project aims to launch a lander-rover mission carrying a Hakuto-R lander and Rashid rover (in collaboration with MBRSC) in 2021 with a separate Japanese rover mission in 2023, both as secondary payloads on other unspecified Falcon 9 missions.[803][804] | |||||
| Q1 2023[829] | F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
Türksat 6A | GTO | Türksat |
| First domestically produced Turkish communications satellite. | |||||
| April 2023[738] | F9 B5 | VSFB, SLC-4E |
Transporter-7, SmallSat Rideshare | SSO | Various |
| Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to sun-synchronous orbit. The On-Orbit Servicing, Assembly and Manufacturing Mission 2 (OSAM-2), formerly known as Archinaut One, may launch on this rideshare mission in early 2023.[830][831] | |||||
| 5 June 2023[780] | F9 B5 | KSC, LC-39A |
SpaceX CRS-28 | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) |
| Three more CRS-2 missions for Dragon 2 covering up to CRS-29 were announced in December 2020.[826] | |||||
| June 2023[738] | F9 B5 | VSFB, SLC-4E |
Transporter-8, SmallSat Rideshare | SSO | Various |
| Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to sun-synchronous orbit. | |||||
| Mid 2023[832][833] | F9 B5 | KSC, LC-39A |
Blue Ghost lunar lander | TLI | Firefly Aerospace NASA (CLPS) |
| Firefly Aerospace chose SpaceX's Falcon 9 rocket to deliver the Blue Ghost lunar lander to the lunar surface. Blue Ghost will carry 10 payloads for NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services task order 19D mission along with other separately contracted payloads.[834] | |||||
| 20 October 2023[780] | F9 B5 | KSC, LC-39A |
SpaceX CRS-29 | LEO (ISS) | NASA (CRS) |
| Three more CRS-2 missions for Dragon 2 covering up to CRS-29 were announced in December 2020.[826] | |||||
| 30 November 2023[780] | F9 B5 ♺ | CCSFS, SLC-40 |
PACE | SSO | NASA (LSP) |
| Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem is a 1.7 tonne, US$800 million craft that will orbit at 676 km (420 mi) altitude. It will include the Ocean Color Imager intended to study phytoplankton in the ocean, and two polarimeters for studying properties of clouds, aerosols and the ocean. The launch price was US$80.4 million.[835] | |||||
| November 2023[836] | Falcon Heavy | KSC, LC-39A |
Griffin Mission 1 | TLI | Astrobotic NASA (Artemis) |
| Astrobotic's Griffin lunar lander will deliver NASA's VIPER spacecraft to the lunar south pole.[837] | |||||
| November 2023[838] | TBD | TBD | Masten Mission One (MM1) XL-1 lunar lander |
TLI | Masten Space Systems NASA (CLPS) |
| In April 2020, NASA announced Masten as one of the CLPS contract winners to send a lander to the lunar South pole in 2022 with several payloads.[839] In August 2020, Masten announced they signed a launch contract with SpaceX.[840][841] In June 2021 the mission was delayed to November 2023.[838] | |||||
| Q4 2023[738] | F9 B5 | VSFB, SLC-4E |
Transporter-9, SmallSat Rideshare | SSO | Various |
| Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to sun-synchronous orbit. | |||||
| Q4 2023[842] | F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
SATRIA | GTO | PT Pasifik Satelit Nusantara |
| PSN chose Falcon 9 in September 2020 to launch its satellite instead of a Chinese rocket or Ariane 5. | |||||
| Q4 2023 | F9 B5[791] | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40[843] |
USSF-36 | TBD | USSF |
| Launch part of Phase 2 US Air Force contract awarded in 2021.[844] | |||||
| Q4 2023 | F9 B5[791] | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40[843] |
NROL-69 | TBD | USSF |
| Launch part of Phase 2 US Air Force contract awarded in 2021.[844] | |||||
| H2 2023[845] | F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
Thuraya 4-NGS | GTO | Thuraya |
| Planned replacement for Thuraya 2.[846] | |||||
| 2023 | F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
Intelsat satellite | GTO | Intelsat |
| Intelsat contracted both SpaceX and Arianespace to launch its fifth Maxar Technologies built satellite, and award whichever doesn't launch it with a separate contract at a later date.[781] | |||||
| 2023[847] | Unclear | Unclear | CAS500-4 | Unclear) | Korea Aerospace Industries |
| 2023 | F9 B5[791] | KSC, LC-39A |
Ax-3 | LEO (ISS) | Axiom Space |
| Contract for 3 additional missions was signed in June 2021.[792] | |||||
| 2023 | F9 B5[791] | KSC, LC-39A |
Ax-4 | LEO (ISS) | Axiom Space |
| Contract for 3 additional missions was signed in June 2021.[792] | |||||
2024 and beyond
| Date and time (UTC) | Version, Booster[b] |
Launch site | Payload[c] | Orbit | Customer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024–2027[782] | TBD | TBD | about 12 more launches | TBD | USSF |
| Launches part of Phase 2 US Air Force contract awarding SpaceX 40% of the about 34 launches expected to occur between 2022 and 2027.[782] | |||||
| Q1 2024 | F9 B5 | TBD | IM-3 Nova-C lunar lander | TLI | Intuitive Machines |
| Third mission for Intuitive Machines, with possible rideshare payloads.[848] | |||||
| April 30, 2024[780] | Falcon Heavy | KSC, LC-39A |
GOES-U | GEO | NASA |
| In September 2021, NASA awarded SpaceX a $152.5 million contract to provide launch services for the GOES-U weather satellite.[849] | |||||
| June 2024 | F9 B5 | VSFB, SLC-4E |
SPHEREx | SSO[850] | NASA |
| In February 2021, NASA announced a $99 million contract for its Astrophysics Division.[851] | |||||
| October 2024 | Falcon Heavy | KSC, LC-39A |
Europa Clipper | Heliocentric | NASA |
| Europa Clipper will conduct a detailed survey of Europa and use a sophisticated suite of science instruments to investigate whether the icy moon has conditions suitable for life. Key mission objectives are to produce high-resolution images of Europa's surface, determine its composition, look for signs of recent or ongoing geological activity, measure the thickness of the moon’s icy shell, search for subsurface lakes, and determine the depth and salinity of Europa's ocean.[852] The mission will fly past Mars and Earth before arriving at Jupiter in April 2030.[853][854] | |||||
| November 2024[855] | Falcon Heavy | KSC, LC-39A |
Power and Propulsion Element (PPE) Habitation and Logistics Outpost (HALO) |
TLI | NASA (Artemis) |
| First elements for the Gateway station as part of the Artemis program, awarded in February 2021. The launch will cost NASA $331.8 million.[856] | |||||
| 2024[772] | F9 B5 | CC, LC-39A or SLC-40 |
O3b mPOWER 10 and 11 | MEO | SES |
| In August 2020, SES expanded the O3m contract with a fourth launch.[820] | |||||
| 2024[857][858] | Falcon Heavy | KSC, LC-39A |
Dragon XL | TLI | NASA (Gateway Logistics Services) |
| In March 2020, NASA announced its first contract for the Gateway Logistics Services that guarantees at least two launches on a modified Crew Dragon spacecraft that will carry over 5 tonnes of cargo to the Lunar orbit on 6–12 months long missions.[859] | |||||
| 1 February 2025[860] | F9 B5 | KSC, LC-39A |
Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP) | Sun–Earth L1 | NASA |
| In September 2020, NASA selected SpaceX to launch IMAP mission, which will help researchers better understand the boundary of the heliosphere, a magnetic barrier surrounding our solar system. The total launch cost is approximately US$109.4 million. The secondary payloads are NASA's Lunar Trailblazer mission, two NASA heliophysics missions of opportunity, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Space Weather Follow On-Lagrange 1 (SWFO-L1) mission.[861] | |||||
| 2026[862] | Falcon Heavy | KSC, LC-39A |
Dragon XL | TLI | NASA (Gateway Logistics Services) |
| Second Dragon XL logistics module.[862] | |||||
Notable launches
First flight of Falcon 9
Launch of Falcon 9 Flight 1 with a boilerplate Dragon
On 4 June 2010, the first Falcon 9 launch successfully placed a test payload into the intended orbit.[11] Starting at the moment of liftoff, the booster experienced roll.[863] The roll stopped before the craft reached the top of the tower, but the second stage began to roll near the end of its burn,[11] tumbling out of control during the passivation process and creating a gaseous halo of vented propellant that could be seen from all of Eastern Australia, raising UFO concerns.[864][865]
COTS demonstration flights
COTS-1 Dragon after return from orbit
Second launch of Falcon 9 was COTS Demo Flight 1, which placed an operational Dragon capsule in a roughly 300 km (190 mi) orbit on 8 December 2010,[866] The capsule re-entered the atmosphere after two orbits, allowing testing for the pressure vessel integrity, attitude control using the Draco thrusters, telemetry, guidance, navigation, control systems, and the PICA-X heat shield, and intended to test the parachutes at speed. The capsule was recovered off the coast of Mexico[867] and then placed on display at SpaceX headquarters.[868]
The remaining objectives of the NASA COTS qualification program were combined into a single Dragon C2+ mission,[869] on the condition that all milestones would be validated in space before berthing Dragon to the ISS. The Dragon capsule was propelled to orbit on 22 May, and for the next days tested its positioning system, solar panels, grapple fixture, proximity navigation sensors, and its rendezvous capabilities at safe distances. After a final hold position a 9 m (30 ft) away from the Harmony docking port on 25 May, it was grabbed with the station's robotic arm (Canadarm2), and eventually, the hatch was opened on 26 May. It was released on 31 May and successfully completed all the return procedures,[870] and the recovered Dragon C2+ capsule is now on display at Kennedy Space Center.[871] Falcon 9 and Dragon thus became the first fully commercially developed launcher to deliver a payload to the International Space Station, paving the way for SpaceX and NASA to sign the first Commercial Resupply Services agreement for 12 cargo deliveries.[872]
CRS-1
Dragon CRS-1 berthed to the International Space Station (ISS) on 14 October 2012, photographed from the Cupola.
First operational cargo resupply mission to ISS, the fourth flight of Falcon 9, was launched on 7 October 2012. At 76 seconds after liftoff, engine 1 of the first stage suffered a loss of pressure which caused an automatic shutdown of that engine, but the remaining eight first-stage engines continued to burn and the Dragon capsule reached orbit successfully and thus demonstrated the rocket's "engine out" capability in flight.[873][874] Due to ISS visiting vehicle safety rules, at NASA's request, the secondary payload Orbcomm-2 was released into a lower-than-intended orbit.[27] The mission continued to rendezvous and berth the Dragon capsule with the ISS where the ISS crew unloaded its payload and reloaded the spacecraft with cargo for return to Earth.[875] Despite the incident, Orbcomm said they gathered useful test data from the mission and planned to send more satellites via SpaceX,[26] which happened in July 2014 and December 2015.
Maiden flight of v1.1
Following unsuccessful attempts at recovering the first stage with parachutes, SpaceX upgraded to much larger first stage booster and with greater thrust, termed Falcon 9 v1.1 (also termed Block 2[876]). SpaceX performed its first, demonstration flight of this version on 29 September 2013,[877] with CASSIOPE as a primary payload. This had a payload mass that is very small relative to the rocket's capability, and was launched at a discounted rate, approximately 20% of the normal published price.[878][879][31] After the second stage separation, SpaceX conducted a novel high-altitude, high-velocity flight test, wherein the booster attempted to reenter the lower atmosphere in a controlled manner and decelerate to a simulated over-water landing.[31]
Loss of CRS-7 mission
SpaceX CRS-7 disintegrating two minutes after liftoff, as seen from a NASA tracking camera.
On 28 June 2015, Falcon 9 Flight 19 carried a Dragon capsule on the seventh Commercial Resupply Services mission to the ISS. The second stage disintegrated due to an internal helium tank failure while the first stage was still burning normally. This was the first (and only as of May 2021) primary mission loss for any Falcon 9 rocket.[94] In addition to ISS consumables and experiments, this mission carried the first International Docking Adapter (IDA-1), whose loss delayed preparedness of the station's US Orbital Segment (USOS) for future crewed missions.[880]
Performance was nominal until T+140 seconds into launch when a cloud of white vapor appeared, followed by rapid loss of second-stage LOX tank pressure. The booster continued on its trajectory until complete vehicle breakup at T+150 seconds. The Dragon capsule was ejected from the disintegrating rocket and continued transmitting data until impact with the ocean. SpaceX officials stated that the capsule could have been recovered if the parachutes had deployed; however, the Dragon software did not include any provisions for parachute deployment in this situation.[96] Subsequent investigations traced the cause of the accident to the failure of a strut that secured a helium bottle inside the second-stage LOX tank. With the helium pressurization system integrity breached, excess helium quickly flooded the tank, eventually causing it to burst from overpressure.[881][882] NASA's independent accident investigation into the loss of SpaceX CRS-7 found that the failure of the strut which led to the breakup of the Falcon-9 represented a design error. Specifically, that industrial grade stainless steel had been used in a critical load path under cryogenic conditions and flight conditions, without additional part screening, and without regard to manufacturer recommendations.[883]
Full-thrust version and first booster landings
After pausing launches for months, SpaceX launched on 22 December 2015, the highly anticipated return-to-flight mission after the loss of CRS-7. This launch inaugurated a new Falcon 9 Full Thrust version (also initially termed Block 3[876]) of its flagship rocket featuring increased performance, notably thanks to subcooling of the propellants. After launching a constellation of 11 Orbcomm-OG2 second-generation satellites,[884] the first stage performed a controlled-descent and landing test for the eighth time, SpaceX attempted to land the booster on land for the first time. It managed to return the first stage successfully to the Landing Zone 1 at Cape Canaveral, marking the first successful recovery of a rocket first stage that launched a payload to orbit.[885] After recovery, the first stage booster performed further ground tests and then was put on permanent display outside SpaceX's headquarters in Hawthorne, California.[99]
On 8 April 2016, SpaceX delivered its commercial resupply mission to the International Space Station marking the return-to-flight of the Dragon capsule, after the loss of CRS-7. After separation, the first-stage booster slowed itself with a boostback maneuver, re-entered the atmosphere, executed an automated controlled descent and landed vertically onto the drone ship Of Course I Still Love You, marking the first successful landing of a rocket on a ship at sea.[886] This was the fourth attempt to land on a drone ship, as part of the company's experimental controlled-descent and landing tests.[887]
Loss of Amos-6 on the launch pad
On 1 September 2016, the 29th Falcon 9 rocket exploded on the launchpad while propellant was being loaded for a routine pre-launch static fire test. The payload, Israeli satellite Amos-6, partly commissioned by Facebook, was destroyed with the launcher.[888] On 2 January 2017, SpaceX released an official statement indicating that the cause of the failure was a buckled liner in several of the COPV tanks, causing perforations that allowed liquid and/or solid oxygen to accumulate underneath the COPVs carbon strands, which were subsequently ignited possibly due to friction of breaking strands.[150]
Inaugural reuse of the first stage
On March 30, 2017, Flight 32 launched the SES-10 satellite with the first-stage booster B1021, which had been previously used for the CRS-8 mission a year earlier. The stage was successfully recovered a second time and was retired and put on display at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.[889]
Zuma launch controversy
Zuma was a classified United States government satellite and was developed and built by Northrop Grumman at an estimated cost of US$3.5 billion.[890] Its launch, originally planned for mid-November 2017, was postponed to 8 January 2018 as fairing tests for another SpaceX customer were assessed. Following a successful Falcon 9 launch, the first-stage booster landed at LZ-1.[243] Unconfirmed reports suggested that the Zuma spacecraft was lost,[244] with claims that either the payload failed following orbital release, or that the customer-provided adapter failed to release the satellite from the upper stage, while other claims argued that Zuma was in orbit and operating covertly.[244] SpaceX's COO Gwynne Shotwell stated that their Falcon 9 "did everything correctly" and that "Information published that is contrary to this statement is categorically false".[244] A preliminary report indicated that the payload adapter, modified by Northrop Grumman after purchasing it from a subcontractor, failed to separate the satellite from the second stage under the zero gravity conditions.[891][890] Due to the classified nature of the mission, no further official information is expected.[244]
Falcon Heavy test flight
Liftoff of Falcon Heavy on its maiden flight (left) and its two side-boosters landing at LZ-1 and LZ-2 a few minutes later (right)
The maiden launch of the Falcon Heavy occurred on February 6, 2018, marking the launch of the most powerful rocket since the Space Shuttle, with a theoretical payload capacity to low Earth orbit more than double the Delta IV Heavy.[892][893] Both side boosters landed nearly simultaneously after a ten-minute flight. The central core failed to land on a floating platform at sea.[262] The rocket carried a car and a mannequin to an eccentric heliocentric orbit that reaches further than aphelion of Mars.[894]
Maiden flight Crew Dragon and first crewed flight
On March 2, 2019, SpaceX launched its first orbital flight of Dragon 2 (Crew Dragon). It was an uncrewed mission to the International Space Station. The Dragon contained a mannequin named Ripley which was equipped with multiple sensors to gather data about how a human would feel during the flight. Along with the mannequin was 300 pounds of cargo of food and other supplies.[895] Also on board was Earth plush toy referred to as a 'Super high tech zero-g indicator'.[896] The toy became a hit with astronaut Anne McClain who showed the plushy on the ISS each day[897] and also deciding to keep it on board to experience the crewed SpX-DM2.
The Dragon spent six days in space including five docked to the International Space Station. During the time, various systems were tested to make sure the vehicle was ready for US astronauts Doug Hurley and Bob Behnken to fly in it in 2020. The Dragon undocked and performed a re-entry burn before splashing down on March 8, 2019, at 08:45 EST, 320 km (200 mi) off the coast of Florida.[898]
SpaceX held a successful launch of the first commercial orbital human space flight on May 30, 2020, crewed with NASA astronauts Doug Hurley and Bob Behnken. Both astronauts focused on conducting tests on the Crew Dragon capsule. Crew Dragon successfully returned to Earth, splashing down in the Gulf of Mexico on August 2, 2020.[899]
Booster reflight records
Most records were set during launches of Starlink satellites.
On 3 December 2018, Spaceflight SSO-A launched on B1046. It was the first commercial mission to use a booster flying for the third time.
B1048 made the first fourth flight of a booster in November 2019, and the fifth flight in March 2020, but the booster was lost during re-entry.
B1049 was the first booster to be recovered five times on 4 June 2020, six times on 18 August 2020, and seven times on 25 November 2020.
B1051 was the first booster to be recovered eight times on 20 January 2021. It was recovered for the ninth time on 14 March 2021.[900][901]
On 9 May 2021, B1051 launched and landed for the tenth time, achieving one of SpaceX's milestone goals for reuse.[902]
Booster B1060 holds the record for fastest turnaround at 27 days. It launched on 7 January and again on 4 February 2021. [903][904]
See also
Notes
- ^ The Telstar 18V and Telstar 19V satellites were heavier, but were launched into a lower-energy transfer orbit achieving an apogee well below the geostationary altitude.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Falcon 9 first-stage boosters are designated with a construction serial number and an optional flight number when reused, e.g. B1021.1 and B1021.2 represent the two flights of booster B1021. Launches using reused boosters are denoted with a recycled symbol ♺.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Dragon 1 or 2 are designated with a construction serial number or name and an optional flight number when reused, e.g. Dragon C106.1 and Dragon C106.2 represent the two flights of Dragon C106. Dragon spacecraft that are reused are denoted with a recycled symbol ♺.
- ^ a b c d e f g A controlled "ocean landing" denotes a controlled atmospheric entry, descent and vertical splashdown on the ocean's surface at near zero velocity, for the sole purpose of gathering test data; such boosters were destroyed at sea.
- ^ Since it was a pre-flight test, SpaceX does not count this scheduled attempt in their launch totals. Some sources do consider this planned flight into the counting schemes, and as a result, some sources might list launch totals after 2016 with one additional launch.
- ^ Unspecified U.S. government agency
- ^ Payload comprises five Iridium satellites weighing 860 kg each,[326] two GRACE-FO satellites weighing 580 kg each,[327] plus a 1000 kg dispenser.[160]
- ^ Total payload mass includes the Crew Dragon capsule, fuel, suited mannequin, instrumentation and 204 kg of cargo.
- ^ Despite making a successful landing, de-tanking and heading back home, the stage tipped over at sea. This is still considered a successful landing as the stage damage occurred while in transport.[425]
- ^ Promotion aimed at assisting St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital
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