Summary
Gwar is an American heavy metal band from Richmond, Virginia. Formed in 1985, the group's core thematic and visual concept revolves around an elaborate science fiction-themed mythology, which portrays each of the band members as barbaric interplanetary warriors. The band's original lineup featured vocalist Ben Eubanks (as the character of Johnny Slutman), guitarists Dave Brockie (Oderus Urungus), Russ Bahorsky (Mr. Magico) and Steve Douglas (Jaws of Death), bassist Chris Bopst (Balsac), and drummer Sean Sumner (Hans Sphincter).
As of Brockie's death in 2014, Gwar currently features no original members, with a lineup of rhythm guitarist Mike Derks (Balsac the Jaws of Death, since 1988), drummer Brad Roberts (Jizmak Da Gusha, since 1989), lead vocalist Mike Bishop (Blöthar the Berserker, since 2014; previously a bassist for the band starting in 1987), bassist Casey Orr (Beefcake the Mighty, who first joined in 1994), and guitarist Tommy Meehan (Grodius Maximus, since 2024).
History edit
1985–1987 edit
Gwar was originally formed as a "joke band" under the name Gwaaarrrgghhlllgh by members of Richmond-based hardcore punk group Death Piggy, serving as the opening act at the band's live shows.[1] According to co-founder Dave Brockie, early performances featured "a mish-mash of Death Piggy and Alter Natives musicians".[2] Gwaaarrrgghhlllgh debuted on March 25, 1985, in its original form, with the "first real GWAR show with plot characters" following in October.[3]
The lineup for the first two shows featured lead vocalist Ben Eubanks (Johnny Slutman), guitarists Brockie (Oderus Urungus), Russ Bahorsky (Mr. Magico) and Steve Douglas (Jaws of Death), bassist Chris Bopst (Balsac) and drummer Sean Sumner.[4][5] Eubanks, Bahorsky, Douglas and Sumner all left after the first two shows.[6]
Returning later in 1985, Gwar featured a lineup of Brockie and Bopst alongside new vocalist Joe Annaruma (Joey Slutman), guitarists Greg Ottenger (Cornelius Carnage) and Ron Curry (Stephen Sphincter), and drummer Jim Thomson (Hans Sphincter); this core lineup was often joined live by Hunter Jackson (Techno Destructo) and Mike Delaney (The Executioner) on backup vocals.[6][7]
Early demo recordings from this lineup were eventually issued as part of the 2004 collection Let There Be Gwar.[8] In 1986, Annaruma left after allegedly "trying to fuck Techno's girlfriend, The Temptress", with Brockie taking over the role of Gwar's lead vocalist.[9] The band played one show with guitarist Tim Harriss playing "an unnamed character with a big headdress and a spiked tail", before settling on a two-guitarist lineup.[6]
1987–1992 edit
In early 1987, Ottinger, Bopst and Thomson all left Gwar, after their main band Alter Natives signed with SST Records.[3][10] Hunter Jackson, founder of Slave Pit Inc. and designer of the band's original costumes, had also moved away, which led to the introduction of Dave Musel in his place.[11] Brockie, along with satellite members Don Drakulich (Sleazy P. Martini), Mike Delaney (The Executioner) and Chuck Varga (The Sexecutioner), then rebuilt the band with the addition of guitarist Dewey Rowell and drummer Rob Mosby from local group White Cross, as well as returning guitarist Steve Douglas and new bassist Mike Bishop.[6][11][12] New characters were also created – Flattus Maximus for Rowell, Balsac the Jaws of Death for Douglas, Beefcake the Mighty for Bishop and Nippleus Erectus for Mosby.[13]
The lineup of Brockie, Rowell, Douglas, Bishop and Mosby recorded Gwar's debut album Hell-O, which was released in 1988.[14] During a subsequent tour, Douglas left the band due to personal differences with Bishop, as well as his continued presence in multiple bands.[15] The guitarist was replaced by Mike Derks, who took over the character of Balsac the Jaws of Death. The group continued touring until early 1989,[16] when Mosby also left following a string of "sexual indiscretions" and creative differences.[15][17] He was replaced by Pete Luchter (Lee Beato), who remained for a short time before leaving after being subjected to what Brockie described as "a brutal hazing ritual".[18]
After the departures of Hosby followed by Luchter, Gwar completed a 1989 tour with former drummer Lee Thomson, this time as the character Hans Orifice.[17] Brad Roberts took over later in the year as Jizmak da Gusha, in time for the recording of the band's second album Scumdogs of the Universe.[14] After a lengthy touring cycle, Rowell left in 1991 and was not immediately replaced.[19] Instead, Derks was aided for the recording of America Must Be Destroyed by session guitarists Tim Harriss and Brian Fechino, and for the start of the subsequent touring cycle by Barry Ward.[20]
1992–2011 edit
Following the release and initial promotion of America Must Be Destroyed, a permanent replacement for Dewey Rowell was found in Pete Lee, who took on the vacated role of Flattus Maximus.[21] During the recording of the band's next album This Toilet Earth in April 1993,[19] Lee was shot in the stomach when he got out of the band's van to investigate a robbery going on in front of them. He eventually recovered and returned to the band, several months later.[21] Shortly thereafter, in late 1993,[19] Bishop left Gwar, citing an anxiety disorder and interpersonal problems with bandmates, especially Lee, as reasons for his departure.[21] Casey Orr took his place in February 1994.[19]
With Lee and Orr in the lineup, Gwar released Ragnarök in 1995 and Carnival of Chaos in 1997, before Lee was forced to leave at the end of 1997 due to continuing health problems caused by the 1993 shooting.[21] After Orr also left early the next year to return home to Texas, the remaining trio of Brockie, Derks and Roberts began to work on writing material for the band's next release We Kill Everything, before Bishop and Tim Harriss both returned to the group for the recording of the album.[19]
Before the release of We Kill Everything, Orr returned to Gwar and Harriss was replaced by Zach Blair.[19] Just one album came from the lineup, 2001's Violence Has Arrived, before both Blair and Orr left in the summer of 2002, and were replaced in September by Cory Smoot and Todd Evans, respectively.[22] After releasing two studio albums – War Party in 2004 and Beyond Hell in 2006 – Evans left Gwar in April 2008 to focus on his other group Mobile Deathcamp, in which he performs lead vocals and his favoured instrument, guitar.[23] Two weeks later, it was announced by guitarist Mike Derks that Casey Orr would return in Evans' place for his third tenure with the group.[24]
Since 2011 edit
After a three-year spell spawning the albums Lust in Space and Bloody Pit of Horror, bassist Casey Orr left Gwar for a third time to focus on his bands in his home state of Texas, primarily Rigor Mortis.[25] In October, Jamison Land was announced as the new Beefcake the Mighty.[26] The following month, however, lead guitarist Cory Smoot was found dead during a North American tour.[27] The cause of death was revealed in December to have been coronary thrombosis, caused by his pre-existing coronary artery disease.[28]
The group continued the tour following Smoot's death, with Brockie explaining that "Although the great temptation would be to return home, curl into a fetal position, and mourn, we can't do that. First off, Cory wouldn't want that. He would want us to go on and would be pissed if we didn't. Plus we know the fans don't want us to quit. They are going to want a chance to come to grips with their loss, and there is no better place to do that than at a Gwar show."[29]
Gwar returned to its five-piece lineup in August 2012 with the addition of Cannabis Corpse guitarist Brent Purgason, who took on the new character of Pustulus Maximus after Flattus was retired following Smoot's death.[30] He debuted on Battle Maximus, which was released the following September.[31] The album proved to be the last for Gwar's sole constant member Dave Brockie, who died on March 23, 2014.[32] It was announced later that the cause of the singer's death was an accidental heroin overdose.[33]
In August 2014, Gwar returned at its annual Gwar-B-Q festival, performing with former bassist Mike Bishop in the new character of Blöthar the Berserker on lead vocals.[34] Bishop was later joined by Kim Dylla, serving as another new character called Vulvatron, as the band's second lead vocalist.[35] She lasted only a few months, however, and it was announced the following May that she had left the band, with Purgason claiming that "Kim did a great job, but we wanted to go a different direction with the Vulvatron character. You will absolutely see more of Vulvatron in the future, just not portrayed by Kim. There is no ill will, no acrimony, and no drama ... it just isn't what we needed in the character."[36]
Gwar released its first album since Brockie's death and Bishop's return, The Blood of Gods, in October 2017.[37] In February 2019, bassist Land announced that he had left Gwar to return to his home state of Kentucky, in order to "spend more time with family and to focus on [his] driving career".[38] When the band announced its Use Your Collusion Tour a few months later, it was revealed that Casey Orr had returned for his fourth tenure as Beefcake the Mighty.[39]
In November 2023, lead guitarist Purgason announced his departure from the band on his Instagram.[40]
In February 2024 Tommy Meehan joined the band.
Core band members edit
Current edit
| Image | Name | Years active | Character(s) | Instruments | Release contributions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mike Bishop |
|
|
|
| |
| Mike Derks | 1988–present | Balsac the Jaws of Death |
|
all Gwar releases from The Next Mutation (1989) onwards | |
| Brad Roberts | 1989–present | Jizmak da Gusha |
| ||
| Casey Orr |
|
Beefcake the Mighty |
|
| |
| Tommy Meehan | 2024–present | Grodius Maximus |
|
none |
Former edit
| Image | Name | Years active | Character(s) | Instruments | Release contributions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dave Brockie | 1985–2014 (until his death) | Oderus Urungus |
|
all Gwar releases from Hell-O (1988) to The 4th Annual Gwar-B-Q 2013 (2014) | |
| Chris Bopst | 1985–1987 | Balsac |
|
Let There Be Gwar (2004) | |
| Steve Douglas |
|
|
|
Hell-O (1988) | |
| Ben Eubanks | 1985 | Johnny Slutman | lead vocals | none – two live performances only | |
| Russ Bahorsky | Mr. Magico |
| |||
| Sean Sumner | 1985 (died 1996) | none |
| ||
| Jim Thomson |
|
|
Let There Be Gwar (2004) | ||
| Greg Ottinger | 1985–1987 | Cornelius Carnage |
| ||
| Ron Curry | Stephen Sphincter | ||||
| Joe Annaruma | 1985–1986 | Joey Slutman | lead vocals | Let There Be Gwar (2004) – four tracks only | |
| Tim Harriss |
|
Flattus Maximus |
|
We Kill Everything (1999) | |
| Dewey Rowell | 1987–1991 | Flattus Maximus |
|
all Gwar releases from Hell-O (1988) to Tour de Scum (1992) | |
| Rob Mosby | 1987–1989 | Nippleus Erectus |
|
Hell-O (1988) | |
| Pete Luchter | 1989 | Lee Beato | none – live performances only | ||
| Pete Lee | 1992–1998 | Flattus Maximus |
|
all Gwar releases from This Toilet Earth (1994) to The Dawn of the Day of the Night of the Penguins (1998) | |
| Zach Blair | 1999–2002 (plus session guest 2013) |
| |||
| Cory Smoot | 2002–2011 (until his death) |
|
all Gwar releases from War Party (2004) to Electile Disfunction '08 (2013) | ||
| Todd Evans | 2002–2008 (plus session guest 2013) | Beefcake the Mighty |
|
| |
| Jamison Land | 2011–2019 |
|
| ||
| Brent Purgason | 2012–2023 | Pustulus Maximus |
|
| |
| Kim Dylla | 2014–2015 | Vulvatron | co-lead vocals triangle |
none – live performances only |
Supporting personnel edit
Current edit
| Image | Name | Year joined | Character(s) | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bob Gorman |
|
|
Gorman first started working with Gwar and Slave Pit Inc. in 1988, before becoming a full-time member two years later and working in a wide range of creative and onstage roles.[41] In recent years, Gorman has returned to Gwar live shows as the regular character Bone Snapper, and has performed vocals on recent releases.[42] | |
| Matt Maguire |
|
|
Maguire has been a member of the Slave Pit since 1991 (with a few breaks to focus on other projects), debuting on Gwar tours in 1992 and becoming the band's stage manager in 1996.[43] He has played many characters and gone under a number of names, including Mattron,[44] MX2,[45] and most recently Sawborg Destructo.[46] |
Former edit
| Image | Name | Years active | Character(s) | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hunter Jackson |
|
|
Jackson, a costume designer, was a co-founder of Slave Pit Inc. and a member of the original Gwar lineup as the character of Techno Destructo.[47] He left in late 1986 after moving to Detroit, Michigan, but returned around a year later,[3] remaining with the group until moving away again in 2000.[22] He has also played Scroda Moon.[48] | |
| Mike Delaney |
|
|
Delaney was one of the original members of the creative group behind Gwar, helping to produce stage props and sometimes performing with the band. He originally played the character of the Executioner, but when Chuck Varga joined and became the Sexecutioner, Delaney changed to Cardinal Syn. He would later return in the mid-1990s.[6] | |
| Heather Broome | 1985–1986 |
|
Broome was the first person to play the Gwar Woman character, playing at early live shows during the band's first year and becoming the Temptress upon the addition of a second female member, Colette Miller.[6] | |
| Don Drakulich |
|
|
Drakulich became a member of Gwar in 1986, contributing special effects and working on elements of the group's costume design and production.[49] He appears onstage as Gwar's manager Sleazy P. Martini (after briefly replacing Hunter Jackson as Techno Destructo), has toured for a number of years, and has appeared on various releases.[50] | |
| Dave Musel | 1986–1999 | Müsel | After Hunter Jackson left in 1986, the band brought in Dave Musel as its new primary costume designer.[11] He initially played a number of characters onstage, before settling into a primarily "behind the scenes" role credited only as "Müsel".[6] Musel's musical role included live keyboards and samples, for which he is credited on 1995's Ragnarok.[51] | |
| Mike Bonner | 1986–1998 | Gwar Slave | Bonner joined the Gwar collective in 1986 and is credited with the conception and introduction of the "Gwar Slave" character, the first of many miscellaneous monikers he played.[6] He left in 1998, which according to former member Danielle Stampe (Slymenstra Hymen) he did to focus on his family life and a construction business.[52] | |
| Chuck Varga |
|
The Sexecutioner | Varga is a special effects designer, sculptor and illustrator who co-founded Slave Pit Inc. in 1985 and was a founding member of Gwar.[53] He performed regularly with the band as The Sexecutioner, featuring on several albums and videos released by the band.[54] He left in 1997 when he moved away to focus on theatre and film production.[53] | |
| Colette Miller | 1986–1987 |
|
Miller joined Gwar while Heather Broome was still a member and remained for almost two years, taking on the character of Amazina until Broome left and Miller remained the sole Gwar Woman.[55] | |
| Adam Green | Gwar Slave | Green was the live and in-studio sound engineer for Gwar during its early performances.[6] | ||
| Lisa Harrelson | 1987–1988 | Gwar Woman | Harrelson was the third person to portray the Gwar Woman character, joining after Miller's departure in 1987.[6] | |
| Scott Krahl | 1987–2014 | Cock & Balls Slave | Krahl joined the Gwar collective in 1987 and worked in several creative roles.[56] | |
| Danielle Stampe |
|
Slymenstra Hymen | Stampe took over the role of "Gwar Woman" from Harrelson, after originally assisting with various creative tasks, before creating the character of Slymenstra Hymen and performing backing vocals and dancing.[57] She left in 2000 (save for a few subsequent appearances)[57] and was the last female member of the Gwar collective until 2014.[58] | |
| Danny Black | 1989–1992 | Gwar Slave | Black joined as Gwar's first official roadie in 1989, remaining for only three years and featuring on Live from Antarctica and Phallus in Wonderland before leaving in 1992.[6] | |
| Brian Fechino | 1991 | none | Fechino performed guitars on America Must Be Destroyed following the 1991 departure of Dewey Rowell.[20] | |
| Barry Ward | 1992 | Before Pete Lee took Rowell's place permanently, Ward performed on the America Must Be Destroyed tour.[20] | ||
| Mike Dunn | 1992–1997 | Gwar Slave | Dunn originally joined the Gwar collective in 1992 as a drum technician and later became a full-time member of the Slave Pit in 1994.[6] He was also the drummer for the Gwar-related band X-Cops.[6] | |
| Davis Bradley | 1997–2003 | Gwar Slave | Bradley first started working with Slave Pit Inc. in 1995, before moving to Richmond and joining the collective officially two years later, primarily on video production and costume fabrication.[59] Within six years, he had retired from touring with the band due to a spinal injury, making only sporadic appearances in the future.[59] |
Timeline edit
Lineups edit
| Period | Members | Releases |
|---|---|---|
| 1985 |
|
none |
| 1985–1986 |
|
|
| 1986 |
|
none |
| 1986 – early 1987 |
|
|
| Spring 1987 – early 1988 |
|
|
| 1988–1989 |
|
none |
| 1989 |
| |
| 1989 |
| |
| Late 1989 – summer 1991 |
|
|
| Summer 1991 – spring 1992 |
|
|
| Spring 1992 – late 1993 |
|
|
| February 1994 – late 1997 |
|
|
| Late 1997 – early 1998 |
|
none |
| Early – September 1998 |
| |
| September 1998 – early 1999 |
|
|
| Early 1999 – summer 2002 |
|
|
| Late 2002 – April 2008 |
|
|
| April 2008 – August 2011 |
|
|
| October – November 2011 |
|
none |
| November 2011 – August 2012 |
| |
| August 2012 – March 2014 |
|
|
| May – September 2014 |
|
none |
| September 2014 – May 2015 |
| |
| May 2015 – February 2019 |
|
|
| March 2019 – November 2023 |
|
|
| November 2023 – February 2024 |
|
none |
| February 2024 - Present |
|
References edit
- ^ Hepburn, Ned (March 24, 2014). "Was GWAR the Most American Metal Band?". Esquire. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Brockie, Dave (February 26, 2010). "GWAR, Me, and the Onrushing Grip of Death: Part 19". RVANews. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ a b c "Timeline: Years 1984–1989". Slave Pit Inc. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Cohen, Matt (March 24, 2014). "GWAR Frontman Dave Brockie (Oderus Urungus) Dead At 50". WAMU. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ "Russ Bahorsky Speaks!". SpookyKids.net. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Roster". Slave Pit Inc. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Brockie, Dave (May 21, 2010). "GWAR, Me, and the Onrushing Grip of Death: Part 24". RVANews. Archived from the original on May 24, 2010. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ "Gwar: Early Demo Tapes To Be Made Available On Upcoming Tour". Blabbermouth.net. April 11, 2004. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Brockie, Dave (April 9, 2010). "GWAR, Me, and the Onrushing Grip of Death: Part 21". RVANews. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Brockie, Dave (May 7, 2010). "GWAR, Me, and the Onrushing Grip of Death: Part 22". RVANews. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ a b c Brockie, Dave (July 30, 2010). "GWAR, Me, and the Onrushing Grip of Death: Part 25". RVANews. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Brockie, Dave (August 27, 2010). "GWAR, Me, and the Onrushing Grip of Death: Part 26". RVANews. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Brockie, Dave (September 10, 2010). "GWAR, Me, and the Onrushing Grip of Death: Part 27". RVANews. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ a b "Gwar". Loudwire. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ a b Brockie, Dave (September 14, 2011). "GWAR, Me, and the Onrushing Grip of Death: Part 43". RVANews. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Brockie, Dave (December 8, 2011). "GWAR, Me, and the Onrushing Grip of Death: Part 45". RVANews. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ a b Brockie, Dave (August 10, 2012). "GWAR, Me, and the Onrushing Grip of Death: Part 55". RVANews. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Brockie, Dave (October 4, 2011). "GWAR, Me, and the Onrushing Grip of Death: Part 44". RVANews. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f "Timeline: Years 1990–1999". Slave Pit Inc. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ a b c Sharpe-Young, Garry (November 1, 2005). New Wave of American Heavy Metal. New Plymouth, New Zealand: Zonda Books. p. 162. ISBN 978-0958268400. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ a b c d Crigler, Pete (April 13, 2010). Keeping It Tight in the Old Dominion: A History of Virginia Rock Music. Indianapolis, Indiana: Dog Ear Publishing. pp. 42–43. ISBN 978-1608444144. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ a b "Timeline: Years 2000–Present". Slave Pit Inc. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ "Todd Evans Quits Gwar". Blabbermouth.net. April 2, 2008. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ "Gwar: Bassist Casey Orr Returns To The Fold". Blabbermouth.net. April 16, 2008. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ "Casey Orr Announces His Departure From Gwar". Blabbermouth.net. August 2, 2011. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ "Gwar To Perform On 'Late Night With Jimmy Fallon'". Blabbermouth.net. October 13, 2011. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Hudson, Alex (November 3, 2011). "Gwar Guitarist Cory Smoot Found Dead". Exclaim!. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ "Autopsy for GWAR Guitarist Cory Smoot Reveals 'Coronary Artery Thrombosis'". Billboard. December 6, 2011. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ "Gwar Frontman Explains Band's Decision To Continue Touring Following Guitarist's Death". Blabbermouth.net. November 4, 2011. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ "Gwar Taps Cannabis Corpse Guitarist For Upcoming Album, Tour". Blabbermouth.net. August 23, 2012. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ DiVita, Joe (September 17, 2013). "Gwar, 'Battle Maximus' – Album Review". Loudwire. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Baldwin, Brent (March 26, 2014). "Gwar Frontman Dave Brockie Has Died". Style Weekly. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Holmberg, Mark (June 3, 2014). "Dave Brockie, GWAR lead singer, died of accidental heroin overdose". WTVR-TV. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ "Gwar Returns To Live Stage At Gwar-B-Q; Video Footage Of Entire Set". Blabbermouth.net. August 17, 2014. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ "Gwar To Introduce Two New Members On 'Gwar Eternal Tour' This Fall". Blabbermouth.net. September 19, 2014. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ "Gwar Parts Ways With Kim Dylla". Blabbermouth.net. May 7, 2015. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ "Gwar Unveils 'The Blood Of Gods' Album Details, Releases'F**k This Place' Video". Blabbermouth.net. August 23, 2017. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Hartmann, Graham (February 26, 2019). "Gwar's Jamison Land (Beefcake the Mighty) Leaves the Band". Loudwire. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Johnson, Kevin (June 30, 2019). "Gwar Announces "Use Your Collusion" with New Bassist". No Treble. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ "Instagram". www.instagram.com. Retrieved 2023-11-06.
- ^ "Bob Gorman". Slave Pit Inc. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Hooper, Jesse (April 2018). "Bob Gorman". Whurk. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Claire, Colette (December 30, 2016). "Gwar's Matt Maguire Talks Comics, Crowdfunding and Carnage". Screamer. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ "The GWARcast: #14 - The Private Pod of Sawborg Destructo". Stitcher Radio. September 2, 2016. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ "Dave Brockie, a.k.a. Oderus Urungus, Gwar vocalist". Arash Moussavian. December 22, 2011. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Coffel, Chris (November 25, 2016). "Interview: Sawborg Destructo and Gang Discuss Gwar's New Comic". Bloody Disgusting. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Burke, Lisa (September 9, 2017). "A Multi-Dimensional Legend: An Exclusive Interview with GWAR co-founder Hunter Jackson (Techno Destructo)". Metal Assault. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Carroll, Will; Mussavian, Arash (May 12, 2010). "Interview with Dave Brockie from Gwar". Metal Temple. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ "Don Drakulich". Slave Pit Inc. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Lawton, Adam (December 10, 2010). "Interview with GWAR's Don Drakulich". Media Mikes. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ "Gwar invades Earth with crushing music". Daily Bruin. January 29, 1996. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ von Burden, Zora (September 1, 2010). Women of the Underground: Music – Cultural Innovators Speak for Themselves. San Francisco, California: Manic D Press. p. 280. ISBN 978-1933149509. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ a b "Chuck Varga". Slave Pit Inc. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Brown, Eric Renner (October 19, 2017). "GWAR's Sexecutioner breaks down the costume that gives him 'special powers'". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ "Colette Miller: Gwar Girl Originale". Citizenia. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ "Scott Krahl". Slave Pit Inc. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ a b "Danielle Stampe". Slave Pit Inc. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ Michaels, Sean (September 19, 2014). "Gwar replace late singer with Kim Dylla, aka Vulvatron". The Guardian. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ a b "Davis Bradley". Slave Pit Inc. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
External links edit
- Gwar official website
- Slave Pit Inc. official website