Summary
In the Latin script, pentagraphs are found primarily in Irish orthography. There is one archaic pentagraph in German orthography, which is found in the English word Nietzschean.
IrishEdit
Used between a velarized ("broad") and a palatalized ("slender") consonant:
To write the sound /əu̯/ (in Donegal, /oː/):
- ⟨abhai⟩, ⟨amhai⟩, ⟨obhai⟩, ⟨odhai⟩, and ⟨oghai⟩
To write the sound /əi̯/ (in Donegal, /eː/):
- ⟨adhai⟩, ⟨aghai⟩
To write the sound /əi̯/:
- ⟨oidhi⟩ and ⟨oighi⟩
To write the sound /oː/:
- ⟨omhai⟩
Used between a slender and a broad consonant:
To write the sound /əu̯/ (in Donegal, /oː/):
- ⟨eabha⟩ and ⟨eamha⟩
To write the sound /əi̯/ (in Donegal, /eː/):
- ⟨eadha⟩
Used between two slender consonants:
- To write the sound /əi̯/: ⟨eidhi⟩ and ⟨eighi⟩
DutchEdit
⟨sjtsj⟩ is used as the transcription of the Cyrillic letter Щ, representing the consonant /ɕː/ in Russian, for example in the name Chroesjtsjov.
FrenchEdit
⟨chtch⟩ is used as the transcription of the Cyrillic letter Щ, representing the consonant /ɕː/ in Russian, for example in the name Khrouchtchev.
GermanEdit
⟨tzsch⟩ was once used in German to write the sound /tʃ/. It has largely been replaced by the tetragraph ⟨tsch⟩, but is still found in proper names such as Tzschirner, Nietzsche, and Delitzsch.