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List of ambassadors of Australia to the United States

Summary

The ambassador of Australia to the United States is an officer of the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and the director of the Embassy of the Commonwealth of Australia to the United States of America. The embassy is located in Washington, D.C. It is Australia's third-oldest ambassadorial post, after the High Commissions in London (1910) and Ottawa (1939). The role has the rank and status of an ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary. The current ambassador, since March 2023, is Kevin Rudd.[1][2] The ambassador's work is assisted by multiple consulates throughout the country that have visiting and reporting responsibilities, as well as consular and trade matters for the embassy.

Ambassador of Australia to the United States
Incumbent
Kevin Rudd
since 20 March 2023
Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
StyleHis Excellency
Reports toMinister for Foreign Affairs
ResidenceWhite Oaks, 3120 Cleveland Avenue, Washington DC
SeatEmbassy of Australia, Washington, D.C.
NominatorPrime Minister of Australia
AppointerGovernor General of Australia
Inaugural holderThe Lord Casey
Formation1 March 1940
WebsiteEmbassy of Australia

Posting history edit

The United States and Australia have had official diplomatic relations since 1 March 1940, when Australia established a legation in Washington as one of its first independent postings. Prior to that, Australia had been represented by the British Embassy in Washington, either through a representative of the Australian government or simply by British officials on Australia's behalf. During 1929, Prime Minister Stanley Bruce appointed Herbert Brookes as "Commissioner-General to the United States", with a mandate to promote "Australian achievements in economic, musical, artistic, literary and intellectual fields". However, Brookes was recalled the next year by James Scullin (Bruce's successor), as a cost-saving measure during the Depression.[3][4] During 1937, Joseph Lyons (Scullin's successor) appointed Keith Officer as a liaison officer posted with the British Embassy, with the diplomatic rank of "Counsellor". Officer continued in the job until February 1940 when he became the charge d'Affaires, pending the arrival of Casey as the first Minister.[5][6]

First established as a legation directed by an Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary, on 19 July 1946 the diplomatic representative was promoted to embassy status and the Australian Minister, Frederic Eggleston became the first Ambassador. The job is seen as very desirable, and political appointees are regularly posted. Several distinguished Australians have served as Ambassador to the United States, including a former Prime Minister and Foreign Minister (Kevin Rudd), future Governor-General of Australia (Richard Casey), a future Chief Justice of Australia (Sir Owen Dixon), a future Governor of Tasmania (James Plimsoll), three former federal leaders of the opposition (Andrew Peacock, Kim Beazley and Rudd), and a former Treasurer of Australia (Joe Hockey).[7]

Office-holders edit

Commissioner/Commissioner-General edit

Ordinal Name Image Office Term start date Term end date Time in office Notes
1 Sir Henry Braddon
 
 Commissioner 19 September 1918 (1918-09-19) 31 July 1919 (1919-07-31) 315 days
2 Mark Sheldon 31 July 1919 (1919-07-31) 11 September 1924 (1924-09-11) 5 years, 42 days
3 Sir James Elder 11 September 1924 (1924-09-11) 17 May 1926 (1926-05-17) 1 year, 248 days [8]
4 Sir Hugh Denison
 
 Commissioner-General 17 May 1926 (1926-05-17) 10 February 1928 (1928-02-10) 1 year, 269 days [9]
5 Herbert Brookes
 
 10 February 1928 (1928-02-10) 23 January 1931 (1931-01-23) 2 years, 347 days

Counsellor/Charge d'Affaires edit

Ordinal Name Image Office Term start date Term end date Time in office Notes
– Keith Officer
 
 Australian Counsellor, British Embassy February 1937 (1937-02) February 1940 (1940-02) 3 years, 29 days
Charge d'Affaires, Australian Legation February 1940 (1940-02) 1 March 1940 (1940-03-01)

Minister/Ambassador edit

Ordinal Name Image Office Term start date Term end date Time in office Notes
1 Richard Casey
 
 Minister 1 March 1940 (1940-03-01) 1 June 1942 (1942-06-01) 2 years, 92 days [10]
2 Sir Owen Dixon
 
 3 June 1942 (1942-06-03) 1 October 1944 (1944-10-01) 2 years, 120 days [11]
3 Sir Frederic Eggleston
 
 1 November 1944 (1944-11-01) 19 July 1946 (1946-07-19) 1 year, 308 days [12]
Ambassador 19 July 1946 (1946-07-19) 5 September 1946 (1946-09-05)
4 Norman Makin
 
 5 September 1946 (1946-09-05) 1 January 1951 (1951-01-01) 4 years, 118 days [13]
5 Sir Percy Spender
 
 31 May 1951 (1951-05-31) 1 January 1957 (1957-01-01) 5 years, 215 days [14]
6 Sir Howard Beale
 
 20 March 1958 (1958-03-20) 1 April 1964 (1964-04-01) 6 years, 12 days [15]
7 Sir Keith Waller
 
 20 April 1964 (1964-04-20) 1 June 1970 (1970-06-01) 6 years, 42 days [16]
8 Sir James Plimsoll
 
 8 June 1970 (1970-06-08) 1 January 1973 (1973-01-01) 2 years, 207 days [17]
9 Sir Patrick Shaw
 
 21 February 1974 (1974-02-21) 27 December 1975 (1975-12-27) 1 year, 309 days [18]
– Gordon Noel Upton
 
 Chargé d'affaires 27 December 1975 (1975-12-27) 8 March 1976 (1976-03-08) 72 days
10 Nick Parkinson
 
 Ambassador 8 January 1976 (1976-01-08) 1 February 1976 (1976-02-01) 24 days [19]
11 Alan Renouf
 
 9 February 1976 (1976-02-09) 20 May 1979 (1979-05-20) 3 years, 100 days [20]
– Robert B. Birch Chargé d'affaires 20 May 1979 (1979-05-20) 13 November 1979 (1979-11-13) 177 days
10 Sir Nick Parkinson
 
 Ambassador 13 November 1979 (1979-11-13) 15 July 1982 (1982-07-15) 2 years, 244 days [19]
– Geoffrey J. Price Chargé d'affaires 15 July 1982 (1982-07-15) 16 August 1982 (1982-08-16) 32 days [21]
12 Sir Bob Cotton
 
 Ambassador 16 August 1982 (1982-08-16) 1 June 1985 (1985-06-01) 2 years, 289 days [22]
13 Rawdon Dalrymple 26 June 1985 (1985-06-26) 1 April 1989 (1989-04-01) 3 years, 279 days [23]
14 Michael Cook 20 April 1989 (1989-04-20) 1 August 1993 (1993-08-01) 4 years, 103 days [24]
15 Dr Don Russell 22 August 1993 (1993-08-22) 1 December 1995 (1995-12-01) 2 years, 101 days [25]
16 John McCarthy
 
 5 December 1995 (1995-12-05) 1 February 1997 (1997-02-01) 1 year, 58 days
17 Andrew Peacock
 
 2 February 1997 (1997-02-02) 27 February 1999 (1999-02-27) 2 years, 25 days
18 Michael Thawley
 
 2 February 2000 (2000-02-02) 1 June 2005 (2005-06-01) 5 years, 119 days [26]
19 Dennis Richardson
 
 20 June 2005 (2005-06-20) 1 February 2010 (2010-02-01) 4 years, 226 days [27]
20 Kim Beazley
 
 17 February 2010 (2010-02-17) 22 January 2016 (2016-01-22) 5 years, 339 days [28][29]
21 Joe Hockey
 
 29 January 2016 (2016-01-29) 30 January 2020 (2020-01-30) 4 years, 1 day [30]
22 Arthur Sinodinos
 
 7 February 2020 (2020-02-07) 20 March 2023 (2023-03-20) 3 years, 41 days [31]
23 Kevin Rudd
 
 20 March 2023 (2023-03-20) Incumbent 1 year, 29 days [32]

Consulates edit

Location Opened Consul Consular district
Consulate-General, Chicago 1971 David Bushby Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin
Consulate-General, Honolulu 1973 Andrea Gleason Hawaii, Guam, American Samoa, Northern Mariana Islands, USPACOM[33]
Consulate-General, Houston (Austrade) 1982 Benson Saulo Texas, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Louisiana
Consulate-General, New York 1945 Nick Greiner New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, Vermont, Maine, New Hampshire, Ohio, Puerto Rico, US Virgin Islands.
Consulate-General, Los Angeles 1971 Jane Duke California (south of the 36N latitude), Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Nevada (Clark County), Utah
Consulate-General, San Francisco (Austrade) 1946 Nick Nichles California (north of 36N latitude), Nevada (except Clark County), Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming
Honorary Consulate, Miami 1999 Don Slesnick Florida[34][35]
Honorary Consulate, Denver 1994 James Waddell Colorado[36]

From 1993 to August 2012, there existed a Consulate-General in Atlanta, Georgia, which was managed by Austrade. The consulate's closure was due to a realignment of resources "to growing and emerging markets like Mongolia and Colombia." After its closure, the consulate's reporting responsibilities for the states of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina and South Carolina were transferred to the Australian Embassy in Washington.[37] From 12 September 1994 to his death on 11 June 2017, there existed an Honorary Consulate in Denver, Colorado, held by Mark O'Regan, an Australian-born Denver realtor and former civil servant in the Territory of Papua New Guinea.[38] From 7 December 1999 to his death on 6 November 2013, the Honorary Consul in Miami, Florida, was Thomas Flynn.[39] Flynn was appointed as an Honorary Member of the Order of Australia (AM) for his service as honorary consul in 2005.[40] From 2002 to approximately 2006, Len Reid was the Australian Honorary Consul in Seattle.[41] Reid is now Honorary Consul Emeritus.[42]

Consuls-General edit

Atlanta edit

The consulate-general was opened in 1993 under Austrade management.[43] The consulate was closed in August 2012 following an Austrade restructure.

Name Start of term End of term References
Ian Wing 14 September 1993 May 1997 [44]
Geoff Gray 14 August 1997 2000
David Crook 2000 22 November 2004 [45][46]
Amanda Hodges 7 January 2005 June 2009
Duncan Cole June 2009 31 August 2012 [47]

Chicago edit

Originally opened in 1971, the consulate-general was closed in 1993 due to budget constraints after being transferred to Austrade, but re-opened under DFAT in 2001.[48]

Name Start of term End of term References
T. W. Collis 1971 1974
F. B. Hall 1975 1978
D. C. Goss 1979 1980
B. B. Hickey 1981 1985
Terry McCarthy 1986 1987
Jeremy Hearder 1988 1990 [49]
Kevin Gates 1991 6 August 1993
Consulate closed
Ron Harvey 2001 2004 [50]
Bob Charles 2005 2008 [51][52]
Elizabeth Schick April 2008 April 2011
Roger Price November 2011 31 March 2015 [53]
Michael Wood 1 April 2015 18 January 2019 [54]
David Bushby 18 January 2019 date [55]

Honolulu edit

Originally opened as a Consulate in January 1973, the posting was upgraded to a Consulate-General on 26 March 1978.[56][57]

Name Start of term End of term References
David Wadham (Consul) January 1973 June 1975 [58]
William Rowe (Consul) June 1975 26 March 1978 [59]
William Rowe MBE 26 March 1978 June 1979 [60]
Brian Meade June 1979 February 1983
Bill Fisher February 1983 April 1987
Richard Smith April 1987 August 1989 [61]
Robert Tyson August 1989 January 1993
Murray Cobban January 1993 October 1995
Colin McDonald October 1995 May 1998 [62]
Peter Woolcott May 1998 July 2001 [63]
Paul Robilliard July 2001 September 2004 [64]
John Quinn September 2004 August 2007 [65]
David Binns August 2007 August 2011 [66]
Scott Dewar August 2011 February 2015 [67]
Jeff Robinson 8 February 2015 22 December 2017
Jane Hardy 22 December 2017 25 June 2021 [68]
Andrea Gleason 25 June 2021 date [69]

Los Angeles edit

Originally a Trade Commission from 1965, the post was upgraded to a Consulate-General from 3 March 1971 and was closed during a period of budget cuts to Foreign Affairs on 1 July 1976. The consulate reopened in September 1978 and management was transferred from DFAT to Austrade in October 1992. DFAT resumed management from November 1999.[70]

Name Start of term End of term References
A. I. Macrae (Trade Commissioner) 1964 1966 [71]
M. J. Long (Trade Commissioner) 1967 3 March 1971
Philip Searcy OBE 3 March 1971 September 1975
Harold Marshall September 1975 1 July 1976
Consulate closed
Peter Barbour September 1978 April 1981
John McLeay Jr. April 1981 February 1984
Basil Teasey February 1984 June 1988
John Kelso June 1988 October 1992
Colin Hook October 1992 May 1995
Robert O'Donovan June 1995 1997
Michael Johnson 1997 November 1999
Allan Rocher November 1999 November 2002 [72]
John Olsen November 2002 September 2006 [73]
Innes Willox September 2006 March 2009 [74]
Chris De Cure OAM March 2009 July 2012 [75]
Karen Lanyon July 2012 October 2015 [76]
Chelsey Martin 22 October 2015 2020 [77][78]
Jane Duke 4 September 2020 date [78][79]

San Francisco edit

Since 1993, the consulate-general has been managed by Austrade.[43]

Name Start of term End of term References
Edward Smart July 1946 October 1949 [80]
N. N. Frewin (acting) October 1949 1952 [81]
Stewart Wolfe Jamieson June 1952 1955
Melville Marshall May 1955 1960
Bill Cutts December 1960 1963
Frederick Homer February 1963 1966
Neil Truscott February 1966 1970 [82]
Roger Dean April 1970 1974
John McCredie August 1974 1977
Geoffrey Brady August 1977 1982
Leslie Sellars November 1982 1983
John Melhuish May 1983 1986 [83]
David Rutter October 1986 1990
David Charles August 1990 September 1993 [84]
John Paul McCaffrey 29 September 1993 May 1995
Dr Joe Hlubucek 25 May 1995 1998
Peter Lewis AM [85] July 1998 October 2002
Peter Frank 16 October 2002 2005
David Lawson 2005 June 2009
Nigel Warren June 2009 June 2015
Sally-Ann Watts June 2015 October 2015
Chris Oldfield October 2015 March 2019 [86][87]
Nick Nichles March 2019 date [88]

See also edit

References edit

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Further reading edit

  • Lowe, David; Lee, David; Bridge, Carl, eds. (2016). Australia goes to Washington: 75 Years of Australian Representation in the United States, 1940-2015. Acton, ACT: ANU Press. ISBN 9781760460785.

External links edit

  • Embassy of Australia United States of America
  • Australian Consulate-General - Chicago
  • Australian Consulate-General - Los Angeles

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