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List of apple cultivars

Summary

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Over 7,500 cultivars of the culinary or eating apple (Malus domestica) are known.[1] Some are extremely important economically as commercial products, though the vast majority are not suitable for mass production. In the following list, use for "eating" means that the fruit is consumed raw, rather than cooked. Cultivars used primarily for making cider are indicated. Those varieties marked agm have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[2]

1909 illustrations by Alois Lunzer depicting apple cultivars Golden Sweet, Talmon Sweet, Bailey Sweet and Sweet Bough

This list does not include the species and varieties of apples collectively known as crab apples, which are grown primarily for ornamental purposes, though they may be used to make jelly or compote. These are described under Malus.

Table of apples edit

Abbreviations edit

Abbreviations Full form Abbreviations Full form
AC Apple canker AM Award of Merit
AS Apple scab AGM RHS Award of Garden Merit
C, VitC Vitamin C mg/100g BB Biennial bearing
FCC First Class Certificat DBH Days from full bloom to harvest
PW Powdery mildew P Parentage
RHS Royal Horticultural Society r Resistant
PickG[3] Pickg[4] Harvest time in Germany Pick45 Harvest time at places with a mean annual temperature of 45 °F (7 °C)
PickE[5] Picke[6] Harvest time in south England Pick50 Harvest time at places with a mean annual temperature of 50 °F (10 °C)
s Susceptible Pick55 Harvest time at places with a mean annual temperature of 55 °F (13 °C)
TA Titratable acidity % SS Soluble solids %
TRI Triploid
Languages
cs. Czech (Čeština) da. Danish (Dansk)
de. German (Deutsch) fr. French (Français)
hu. Hungarian (Magyar) nl. Dutch (Nederland)
no. Norwegian (Norsk) pl. Polish (Polski)
ru. Russian (Русский; Russky) sv. Swedish (Svenska)

A edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Abbomdanza[7][5]   Italy 1896 Width 70–75 mm, height 65 mm. Cold Storage 3oC 150 days. Cooking PickE mid-October. Use January–March
Abram[8][9]   US <1850 A small apple with red flush. Flesh white, tender, subacid. Eating Use December–March
Acheson[10] Alberta, Canada Introduced 1941 Fruit large, greenish yellow. Parentage Delicious x unknown. Eating Use August–September
Acklam Russet[11][12]   Yorkshire, England 1768 A small russet apple. Cells ovate, axile. An excellent dessert apple of first rate quality. Eating PickE mid-October. Use November–March.
Adams Pearmain[13][6][8][14][12]   Norfolk or Herefordshire, England Introduced 1826 A dessert apple. First introduced under the name "Norfolk Pippin". Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Cells obovate, abaxile. Flesh pale yellow, crisp,fine-textured, firm, juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good. Eating PickE early- to mid-October.
Adersleber Calville (cs. Kalvil aderslebenský)[15][3][16][7]   Saxony, Germany 1830–1840 A green apple with red flush. Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Parentage Calville blanc d'Hiver x Alexander. Flesh; aromatic, subacid to sweet. VitC 10. Cold Storage 0oC 150 days. Eating PickE mid-September. PickG mid–late October. Use November–January.
Adina (a.k.a. Frankad, Satark)[17] Queensland, Australia A large red apple. Flesh firm, juicy, sweet, very good. Tree vigorous. Eating
Admiral   Czech Republic 2012 New very popular variety. Flesh firm, crisp, juicy with very good taste. Robust, healthy, scab resistant variety with excellent keeping qualities and taste. Eating PickE early October
Advance (a.k.a. Laxton Advance)[6]   Bedford, England Raised 1908, introduced 1929 Early dessert apple. Medium size. Yellow with brown-red flush. Award of Merit from RHS in 1932. Flesh; greenish white, soft, fine-textured, juicy, aromatic. Eating PickE early- to mid-August; use August–September
Adzamovka[18] Croatia A yellow conical apple with red stripes. Width 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), height 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in), weight 110–150 g (3.9–5.3 oz). Flesh juicy, subacid. Eating, cider Use November
Ahrina[19]   Germany 1993 A large roundish apple. Flesh juicy, subacid. Eating Pick late September; use November–February
Ahrista[20] Ahrensburg, Germany Eating
Aia Ilu Estonia 1946 A large apple, weighing 250–300 g (8.8–10.6 oz). Yellow skin, juicy flesh, bittersweet with a weak aroma. Eating
Airlie Red Flesh (a.k.a. Newell-Kimzey)[21] Airlie, Oregon, US c. 1961 A large, conic apple. Light yellow-green skin strewn with white dots, occasionally with a faint reddish orange blush. Light pink to deep red flesh is crisp, sweet and mildly tart. Eating
Akane (a.k.a. Tohoko)[22][3]   Fujisaki, Aomori, Japan Cross made 1939, selected 1953, introduced 1970. A red apple. Parentage Jonathan × Worcester Pearmain. Tangy taste. Flesh is white, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid. Eating Pick45 August 21. PickE mid- to late-August. PickG mid-August.
Åkerö[23][24]   Sweden Possibly 1759 Apple is egg-shaped, medium to large in size, sweet and aromatic. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in). Grown mostly in Sweden and Estonia. Eating Best in November; keeps until February
Akin[25][26]   Illinois, US 1831 Tree vigorous. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh is yellow, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, good to very good. Eating Use January–June
Alamanka[18] North Macedonia A green apple (round to conical) with red stripes. Weight 100 g (3.5 oz). Flesh is juicy, subacid with poor aroma. Eating Pick October; use November
Alantapfel (a.k.a. Princesse Noble)[23][14][27]   Germany <1750 An oblong apple. Width 56–63 mm (2.2–2.5 in), height 59–73 mm (2.3–2.9 in). Stalk 13–16 mm (0.51–0.63 in). Flesh is sugary, aromatic. Eating Pick October; use December–March
Alaska[10] California, US Introduced 1944 Flesh is white. Tree is a heavy producer. Eating
Albrechtapfel (a.k.a. Prinz Albrecht von Preussen)[19][3][7]   Germany 1865 Parentage Alexander x unknown. Width 60–85 mm (2.4–3.3 in), height 55–63 mm (2.2–2.5 in), weight 80–200 g (2.8–7.1 oz). Stalk 10–30 mm (0.39–1.18 in). Flesh is soft, juicy, subacid. Cold Storage 4oC 90 days. VitC 9. Density 0.76 Eating, cooking PickG late September–mid-October. Use October–December
Albury Park Nonsuch[13] Surrey, England <1892 Yellow with red flush. AM from RHS in 1892. Flesh crisp, juicy, subacid. Cooking Use December–March
Aldenham Purple[28]   Hertfordshire, England 1925 A red apple. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in). Stalk 15–25 mm (0.59–0.98 in) Eating, cooking Pick September; use September–October
Alderman[6][29]   Scotland Before 1923 A golden yellow apple. Width 90 mm (3.5 in), height 71 mm (2.8 in). Stalk short to medium. Flesh is white, very firm,coarse-textured, crisp, moderately juicy, acid. Baking Pick mid-September; use October–December
Alexander (a.k.a. Emperor Alexander, de. Kaiser Alexander, fr. Grand-Alexandre, pl. Aporta, ru. Aporta, Gusevkoe, Aport ukraininskii, Aport osennii)[6][23][30][25][26][31][32][33][12][16]   Russia <1800 A very large apple. Width 95–110 mm (3.7–4.3 in), height 75–90 mm (3.0–3.5 in). Stalk 11–18 mm (0.43–0.71 in). Cells ovate, axile. Flesh is a faint yellow, firm, crisp, very soft, mild subacid, fair to good. Tree is vigorous. Particularly attractive blossom. Eating, cooking, baking, drying PickE mid-September; use September–December
Alfriston[13][6][29][34][12][27]   Sussex, England Late 1700s Raised at Uckfield Sussex by Mr Shepherd.[who?] A large acid green apple. Flesh; pale yellow, crisp, yellow, subacid, pear-like flavour. Cells elliptical, abaxile. Award of Merit from RHS in 1920. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Cooking, Juice PickE early October; use November–April
Alice[24]   Sweden 1964 Medium size. Yellow with red stripes. Flesh juicy, aromatic. Parentage Ingrid Marie x Gyllenkroks Astrakan. Eating PickE late August–early September; use September–October
Alkmene[3] agm[35][7]   Germany 1930 Parentage Cox's Orange Pippin × Doktor Oldenburg. Width 58 mm (2.3 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in), weight 120 g (4.2 oz). Flesh is crisp, aromatic, juicy, subacid to sweet. Stalk 9–20 mm (0.35–0.79 in). Cold Stoprage 4oC 90 days. Density 0.82 Eating PickE late September. PickG early–mid-September. Pickg September 4–15. Use September–November
Allen's Everlasting[6][29][12][27]   Before 1864 Late-keeping desert apple. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1899. Cells obovate, axile. Flesh is greenish-white, firm, fine-textured, juicy, fair. Eating PickE mid-October; use February–April
Allington Pippin(fr. Allington Pippin)[6][23][30][29][15][34][16][7]   Lincolnshire, United Kingdom 1880s, introduced 1896 A versatile English dessert apple raised by horticulturalist Thomas Laxton some time before 1884. Exhibited as Brown's South Lincoln Beauty, the name was changed to Allington Pippin by Bunyard Nursery in 1896. A cross of Cox's Orange Pippin and King of the Pippins. Flesh is creamy white, fine textured, aromatic, with a pineapple-like flavour. The apple keeps its shape when cooked. Width 68–74 mm (2.7–2.9 in), height 61–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), stalk 7–15 mm (0.28–0.59 in). First Class Certificate from RHS in 1894. Cold storage 2oC 120 days. Eating, cooking, dessert PickE late September–early October; use October–February
All Summer[8]   Pennsylvania, US Before 1850 Flesh is white, tender, very good. Tree uas slow growth is an annual bearer, and is productive. Stalk slender. Eating Use July–August
Almeda[10] Tennessee, US Introduced 1939 Fruit large, green. Flesh subacid. Cooking Ripens 25 July–5 August
Altländer Pfannkuchenapfel[3][7]   Germany 1840 Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in), weight 115 g (4.1 oz). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Flesh is crisp, dry, acid. Cold storage 1-2oC 180 days. VitC 14. Density 0.86 Cooking, eating PickE mid- to late October. Pick G late October. Use March–May
Alvanija (a.k.a. Elvanija, Ilvanija)[18] Croatia A green oblong apple with red flush. Width 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in), height 65–80 mm (2.6–3.1 in), weight 110–140 g (3.9–4.9 oz). Flesh is firm, juicy. Eating, cooking, cider Use October
Ambrosia   British Columbia, Canada 1980s Medium to large in size, mostly red coloration with yellow patches. Has cream-coloured flesh with a sweet, crisp, aromatic flavour and low acidity. Ambrosia trees are hardy and no major disadvantages have yet been identified. Eating Pick45 September 15. Pick55 September 5.
American Beauty[8]   Massachusetts, US Before 1855 Tree vigorous, productive, annual bearer. Stalk short. Flesh is yellowish, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good. Eating PickE mid- to late October. Use December–April
American Golden Pippin (a.k.a. Golden Pippin, Ribbed Pippin, Golding, New York Greening, Newtown Greening, Golden Apple)[8]   US Before 1850 Yellow with russet. Flesh is yellowish, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good. Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Tree does not bear young. Eating Use November–February
American Golden Russet (a.k.a. Golden Russet, Sheep Nose, Bullock's Pippin, Little Pearmain)[11][26]   US Late 1700s Yellow with brown overcolour and grey russet. Width 64–74 mm (2.5–2.9 in), height 58–72 mm (2.3–2.8 in). Stalk 13–23 mm (0.51–0.91 in). Flesh is yellowish, tender, juicy sugary, lightly aromatic, best. Eating PickE early to mid-October. Use October–January
American Melon (see Melon American)
American Mother (see Mother)
American Summer Pearmain (see Summer Pearmain American)
Anabela[17] Brazil Introduced 1995 Parentage Gala x Anna. A yellow apple with (30–40%) red flush. Flesh is juicy, sweet, very good. Tree vigorous. Eating
Ananas Reinette(cs. Ananasová reneta, de. Ananas Renette, fr. Reinette ananas, pl. Reneta Ananasowa, ru. Ananasnîi renet)[3][23][36][14][15][34][16]   Netherlands Before 1800 A small yellow apple with pineapple flavor. Width 48–65 mm (1.9–2.6 in), height 52–65 mm (2.0–2.6 in). Weight 115 g (4.1 oz). Stalk 11–20 mm (0.43–0.79 in). Flesh is crisp, juicy, aromatic, acid. VitC 21. Eating, juice PickE early October. PickG mid- to late October. Use December–February
Anisovka (a.k.a. Anis koritschnevoje, Anis polosatyiy)[37] Russia Before 1850 Medium size, round, greenish yellow with red stripes. Cooking, eating Pick September; use October–December
Anna[17]   Israel Introduced 1963 Colour is yellow with a red blush. Parentage Red Hadassiya x Golden Delicious. This variety does not grow well in the cold and prefers heat and humidity. Tree is annually productive. Eating
Anna Boelens[38] Netherlands 1914, introduced 1934 A green apple with red overcolor(40-70%). Width 77 mm, height 58 mm. Stalk 15 mm. Flesh white, juicy, subacid. Parentage Cox Orange x Berlepsch. Eating Use October - November
Annie Elizabeth[39][13][6][30][34][12][27]   Leicester, Leicestershire, England 1857, introduced 1868 Large yellow apple, FCC from RHS in 1868. Width 79–87 mm (3.1–3.4 in), height 63–65 mm (2.5–2.6 in). Stalk 9–18 mm (0.35–0.71 in). Cells, obovate, abaxile.Flesh; creamy white, firm, coarse-textured, dry acid. Cooks well, breaks up completely. Cooking PickE late September–early October; use November–April
Annurca   Campania, Italy 1876 (documented) Very old apple; possibly one of the oldest of all. Believed to be much older than first mention in Pasquale's Manuale di Arboricultura, 1876. May be related to apples found in frescoes found in Herculaneum or Pompeii if not the same one.[40] Eating PickE late October. Use November–January.
Antonovka (a.k.a. Possarts Nalivia, cs. Antonowka, de. Antonowka, fr. Antonovca, pl. Antónówka zwykla, ru. Antonoka Obîknovennaia)[23][31][27][16]   Kursk, Russia Before 1800 A very old Russian variety, often planted at dachas. Apples are large, yellow-green and bracingly tart to eat out of hand, but superb for cooking, as they keep their shape. Width 55–70 mm (2.2–2.8 in), height 55–70 mm (2.2–2.8 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Extremely tolerant of cold weather, and because it produces a single, deep taproot (unusual among apple trees), Antonovka is propagated for use as a rootstock. Antonovka rootstock provides a cold-hardy (to −45 °C (−49 °F)), well-anchored, vigorous, standard-sized tree. C 15. Cooking, cider PickE early September. Use October–December
Antonovka Safrannoje[37] Russia 1909 A large yellow apple with red flush. Parentage Antonovka x Renet Orleanski Eating, cooking
Apfel aus Grignon[27]   Before 1800 A yellow apple with red flush and russet. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 30 mm (1.2 in). Eating, cooking Use December–March
Api[11][32][33]   France 1628 Very tiny apple. Would fit in the palm of the hand of an adult. Width 52–56 mm (2.0–2.2 in), height 32–42 mm (1.3–1.7 in). Stalk 5–9 mm (0.20–0.35 in). Eating PickE mid-October. Use January–May.
Api Noir[11]   France Late 1700s A desert apple, inferior to the Api. Eating PickE mid- to late October. Use December–April.
Apple of Commerce 1 (see Beach); Apple of Commerce 2 (see Collins)
Apollo[3] Germany 1976 Cox's Orange Pippin × Geheimrat Dr. Oldenburg. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in), weight 140 g (4.9 oz). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh is soft, juicy, aromatic, subacid to sweet. Eating PickG early–mid-September; use September–October
Arapka (a.k.a. Bugarka)[18] Montenegro A red oblong conical apple. Width 61 mm (2.4 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Weight 118 g (4.2 oz). Flesh soft, juicy, sweet, subacid, with a pronounced flavour. Cooking Use October–May
Ard Cairn Russet[6][5] Cork, Ireland c. 1890 Medium-sized long-keeping dessert apple. Award of Merit from RHS in 1910. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk variable. Flesh; creamy white, firm, slightly aromatic flavour. Tree vigorous. Eating PickE late September–early October; use October–January
Ariane[41]   Angers, France 2002 Scab resistant. Developed at the National Institute of Agricultural Research in France. Parentage (Florina x Prima) x (Golden Delicious x unknown) Eating Pick with Golden Delicious
Arkansas Black (a.k.a. Arkansas, Mammoth Black Twig)[25][26]   Arkansas, US c. 1870 Hard and crunchy; stores well. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Very deep red, appearing black from a distance. Flesh is yellow, firm, tender, juicy, subacid, crisp, good. Eating Pick45 October 22. Pick55 October 15. PickE late October. Use December–May
Arlet[3][42][43]   Dietikon, Switzerland Introduced 1984 Width 72 mm, height 66 mm. Parentage Golden Delicious x Idared. 55-100% Red overcolor. Flesh is crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Eating PickG early–mid-October. Use November–February.
Armorel[13] Newbury, Berkshire, England Introduced 1893 A small yellow apple with russet. FCC from RHS in 1892. Flesh crisp, good. Eating Use February–May
Aroma[24]   Balsgård, Fjälkestad, Sweden 1947, Introduced 1973. A yellow apple with red flush. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Parentage Ingrid Marie x Filippa. Eating PickE early October. Use November–December
Aromatic Russet(fr. Rouge Aromatisée)[8][33]   England <1831 Width 55 mm, height 50 mm. Flesh is greenish white, firm, subacid, aromatic. Eating PickE mid-October. Use November–February
Arreskov[23][34][27] Denmark Before 1860 A yellow apple with a pleasant aroma reminiscent of gravenstein. Width 77–85 mm (3.0–3.3 in), height 66–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in). Stalk 8–15 mm (0.31–0.59 in). Flesh is firm, dry, aromatic, subacid. Tree vigorous. Eating, juice, drying. Pick September. Use September–October.
Arthur Turner[6][13] agm[44][30][45]   Buckinghamshire, England Before 1912, introduced 1914 Width 80–88 mm (3.1–3.5 in), height 48–76 mm (1.9–3.0 in). Stalk 10–16 mm (0.39–0.63 in). Large golden cooker: prone to mildew but scab resistant. Award of Merit from RHS in 1912. Flesh is creamy white, coarse-textured, dry, subacid. Parentage Alfriston x unknown. Cooking, baking PickE late September; use September–November
Arthur W. Barnes[6]   Chester, England Raised 1902, introduced 1928 Parentage Gascoyne's Scarlet x Cox Orange. A yellow apple with red flush. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk medium. Flesh is white, firm, fine textured, very juicy, acid. Cooking PickE mid- to late September; use November–March
Ashmead's Kernel[6][13]agm[46]<[30][12]   Gloucestershire, England c. 1700 Flesh is pale yellow, juicy, subacid and very aromatic. Width 54–64 mm (2.1–2.5 in), height 54–57 mm (2.1–2.2 in). Stalk 7–12 mm (0.28–0.47 in). Cells obovate, axile, slit. Eating PickE early–mid-October; use December–February
Ashmore[9][8]   US Before 1840 Width 85 mm (3.3 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in). Flesh is yellowish-white, crisp, juicy, subacid, very good. Cooking, eating Use September–October
Astillisch[5]   Germany Raised 1929 Parentage Red Astrachan x Signe Tillisch. Width 63–70 mm, height 56 mm. Flesh yellowish-white, juicy, soft, subacid. Eating Pick August. Use August.
Astramel[3]   Jork, Germany Parentage Red Astrachan x (James Grieve x Melba). Eating PickG and use early–mid-August
Atalanta[13] England Before 1891, introduced 1893 Lemon yellow with red streaks. AM from RHS in 1891. Tree vigorous. Cooking, eating PickE late September–early October. Use November–January
Atha[10] Cullman County, Alabama Selected c. 1915. Introduced c. 1930. Parentage Red Astrachan x unknown. Tree nearly resembles Yellow Transparent, but is more vigorous and has less tendency to biennial bearing.
Atlas[24] Ottawa, Canada selected 1912, introduced 1924 A truncate conical yellow apple with red stripes. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Hardiness zone 4a. Eating, cooking PickE early September; use October–December
Auksis Lithuania 1951 McIntosh x Gravenstein Eating
Auralia (see Tumanga)
Aurora Golden Gala[47]   British Columbia, Canada 2003 Dessert apple; medium size, sweet, juicy, crisp, firm, very long storage life. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 77 mm (3.0 in). Weight 265–288 g (9.3–10.2 oz). Stalk 21–33 mm (0.83–1.30 in). P Splendour x Gala. SS 14.2, TA 0.58-0.75. Eating Pick early October. Use October–March.
Ausbacher Roter (a.k.a. Ausbacher Rotapfel)[14]   Ausbach, Hesse, Germany 1770, introduced 1870 A yellow apple with red flush. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Tree vigorous. Flesh is white to greenish yellow, subacid. Quality: cooking good, eating fair. Cooking Pick late September; use October–April
Austin Sweet[8]   Pennsylvania, US <1875 Flesh white, juicy, sweet, very good. Stalk short. Eating Use September–December
Autumn Glory[48]   Washington, US 2011 The Autumn Glory variety is a hybrid of the Fuji (apple) and the Golden Delicious apple, featuring a red over golden background. Very sweet, firm flesh with a subtle "cinnamon" flavor. Produced only by Domex Superfresh Growers in Washington's Yakima Valley. Eating
Automn Pearmain (a.k.a. Summer Pearmain)[36][30][6][12][27]   England 1588 Green with russet and red overcolour. width 67–72 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 60–68 mm (2.4–2.7 in). Stalk 12–17 mm (0.47–0.67 in). Cells obovate, axile. Flesh is creamy white, fairly firm, nutty and slightly aromatic. Eating PickE late September; use September–November
Avajlilja[18] Turkey A green apple with red flush. Tolerant to common apple diseases and pests. Flesh has sweet-sour taste, with a weak aroma.

B edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Babovača[18] Montenegro A green apple with red flush. Width 96 mm (3.8 in), height 79 mm (3.1 in), weight 250 g (8.8 oz). Stalk very short. Flesh soft, sweet and sour. Use October–April
Bailey (a.k.a. Bailey Sweet).[9][25][26]   Wyoming County, New York, US c. 1840 Red apple with considerable white flecks. Has some russeting. Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 74 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 21 mm (0.83 in). Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, very sweet, very good. Eating, cooking Use October
Baker's Delicious[6]   Wales <1932 A yellow apple with orange-red flush. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk short. Flesh; creamy white, firm, crisp, juicy, aromatic. Eating PickE late August–early September; use August–September
Baldwin (a.k.a. Woodpecker, Pecker, Butters)[6][9][11][8][26][31][25][7]   Massachusetts, US c. 1740 Flesh yellowish white, crisp, sweet to subacid flavor, very good. Width 76–81 mm (3.0–3.2 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Tree vigorous. Very old variety for North America. Makes much juice. Cold storage 0oC 150 days. TRI DBH 160. Cooking, Eating Pick50 October 14. PickE mid-October. Use November–March
Ballinora[13] England <1898 Golden yellow with red flush. Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). AM from RHS in 1898. Cooking, eating Use December–January
Ball's Pippin[29][49] England <1920 A green-yellow apple with red flush and russet. P Cox Orange x Sturmer Pippin. Flesh white, juicy, sweet, aromatic. Tree vigorous. AM from RHS in 1923. Eating PickE early to mid-October. Use January.
Ballyfatten[5]   County Tyrone, Ireland c. 1740 A large, round apple with firm, dry, sweet, slightly tart white flesh. Excellent keeper. Scab and canker resistant. Cooking, eating PickE late September. Use October–November.
Baltimore (a.k.a. Baltimore Pippin)[8]   US <1860 Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh whitish, juicy, subacid. Eating Use December–April
Bancroft[5]   Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Selected 1930. Introduced c.1935 Width 70 – 80 mm. height 55–68 mm. Stalk 15 mm. Parentage Forest x McIntosh. Flesh white, crisp, tender, juicy. Eating PickE mid-October. Use November - December.
Banks[26][25]   Nova Scotia 1880 A red sport from Gravenstein Eating, cooking, pie
Barcelona Pearmain[11][50][12][27]   England <1837 One of the best dessert apples. Cells roundish oblate, axile. The tree is a free grower, but does not attain the largest size. Eating, cooking
Bardsey Island Apple   Bardsey Island, Wales 1998 A medium-sized eating apple with a unique lemon aroma. Sweet and juicy. Skin color red over gold. Very disease resistant. Single tree discovered on Bardsey island in 1998, age of original tree unknown. May have monastic origins. Eating
Barkley Red Rome[51]   Bud mutation of Rome Beauty.
Barnack Beauty[13][6][30]   Barnack, Northamptonshire, England c. 1840, introduced c. 1870 Medium-sized apple. Yellow, 25-75% flushed with orange red. AM from RHS in 1899. FCC from RHS in 1909. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in). Flesh; creamy white, very firm, crisp, fine-textured, juicy, subcaid to sweet. Eating PickE late September–early October. Use December–March
Barnack Orange[6]   England 1904 P Barnack Beauty x Cox Orange. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk short. Flesh; creamy white, firm, coarse-textured, juicy, subacid, aromatic. Eating PickE late September–early October. Use November–February
Baronesa[17] Brazil Introduced 1997 P Princesa x Fuji. Weight 130 g (4.6 oz). Flesh sweet, crisp. Tree vigorous. Eating
Bascombe Mystery[6] England <1831 A late keeping green apple. Width 68 mm, height 56 mm. Stalk short. Flesh pale yellow, fine-textured, juicy, subacid. Eating PickE early October. Use November - March
Batul (a.k.a. Batulenka, Batulka, Batul-Alma ru. Batullen)[18][16]   Romania or Hungary A green apple with red flush. Russet in stalk cavity. Width 50 mm (2.0 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in), weight 80 g (2.8 oz). Tree vigorous. Flesh acidic with poor aroma. Eating PickE mid- to late October. Use December–April.
Baumanns Reinette (cs. Baumanova reneta,fr. Reinette Baumann, pl. Reneta Baumana, ru. Renet Baumana)[6][3][52][14][32][12][16][7]   Belgium c. 1810 Medium size. Skin brilliant crimson. Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Weight 110 g (3.9 oz). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). Cells, oblate, axile, open. Flesh; crisp, subacid. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1878. Cold Storage 2oC 180 days. VitC 16. Density 0.83 Cooking, eating PickE late September. PickG early October. Use December–March
Baxter's Pearmain[6][11][12]   Norfolk, England 1821 A large dual purpose apple. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk medium. Cells obovate, axile. The tree is hardy, vigorous, a most abundant bearer. Flesh; pale yellow, coarse-textured, dry, subacid. Cooking, eating PickE late September–early October; use November–March
Beach (a.k.a. Apple of Commerce)[26]   Arkansas, US <1898 A yellow apple with red overcolor, medium size. A late keeper. Stalk medium. Tree large, vigorous. Flesh: very firm, rather dry. Eating Pick late October.
Beacon[53]   Minnesota, US Introduced 1936 Lively, juicy flavor; good for baking. Does not keep very well. Parentage (Malinda x Duchess of Oldenburg)x(Malinda x Tetofsky) Cooking, eating PickE early September. Use September–October.
Beauty of Bath(de. Schöner aus Bath)[6][13][30][14][31][15][34][16]   Bailbrook, Batheston, Somerset, England Introduced 1864 Width 59–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in), height 44–51 mm (1.7–2.0 in). Stalk 9–12 mm (0.35–0.47 in). Deep red flush and streaks of red with a little russet. Early maturing but short season. Formerly grown commercially in England for local markets. FCC from RHS in 1887. Good flavor in its home climate if it is eaten soon after picking. Poor flavour if distributed long distances and stored for weeks, so now rare. Flesh; creamy white, soft, very juicy, subacid. VitC 14. Eating PickE early August; use early August
Beauty of Bedford[13][5]   Bedfordshire, England <1913 Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). P Lady Sudely x Beauty of Bath. Greenish yellow with orange flush. Flesh yellow, firm, juicy, sweet. Eating PickE mid-September; use September–October
Beauty of Hants[6][13]   Southampton, Hampshire, England c. 1850 A yellow apple with orange-red flush. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk variable. Flesh very crisp, yellowish juicy, highly aromatic. Triploid. Eating PickE late September–early October; use November–February
Beauty of Kent[6][12][13] Kent, England introduced c.1820 Old culinary apple, very irregular, ribbed. Width 90 mm (3.5 in), height 83 mm (3.3 in). Cells, roundish obovate, abaxile. AM from RHS in 1901. Flesh yellowish, tender, subacid. TRI Cooking PickE late September; use December–March
Beauty of Stoke[13]   Nottinghamshire, England <1889 Width 70 mm, height 65 mm. Flesh yellowish, firm, dry, pleasant flavour.Tree vigorous. FCC from RHS in 1890. Cooking, eating PickE mid- to late October. Use January·March
Beauty of Wiltshire (a.k.a. Weisse Wachs Reinette)[27]   ? <1800 Yellow with red flush. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 9 mm (0.35 in). Flesh juicy, very acidic. Cooking, eating Use October–November
Bedfordshire Foundling[11][6][12]   Bedfordshire, England c. 1800 A yellow apple slightly flushed with red. An excellent culinary apple. Width 75–89 mm (3.0–3.5 in), height 65–88 mm (2.6–3.5 in). Cells obovate, abaxile. Stalk short. Flesh; creamy white, firm, juicy, subacid. Cooking PickE late September–early October; use December–March
Bedrika (a.k.a. Prisatka)[18] Possibly Serbia A green conical apple with red flush. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Weight 184 g (6.5 oz). Flesh white, sweet, with pleasant aroma. Eating
Beefsteak[8]   Amesbury, Massachusetts, US <1870 Stalk medium. Flesh white, tender, crisp, juicy, subacid. Very good. Eating Use October–November
Beeley Pippin[6] Derbyshire, England Raisedc. 1880 A yellow apple flushed (25–50%) with red. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk short. Flesh yellow, juicy, sweet, aromatic. Eating Pick late August; use September–October
Belle de Boskoop (cs. Boskoopské, de. Boskoop, Schöner von Boskoop) agm[54][23][3][30][6][15]   Boskoop, Netherlands 1856 Width 73–95 mm (2.9–3.7 in), height 67–87 mm (2.6–3.4 in), weight 205 g (7.2 oz). Stalk 10–25 mm (0.39–0.98 in). Flesh acid and aromatic. Tree vigorous. Particularly attractive blossom. AM from RHS in 1897. VitC 10–17. Density 0.83 TRI Cooking, baking PickE early October. PickG mid-October. Pickg September 23–October 15. Use January–April
Belle de Builts[27] Builts, La Vienne, France <1860 A yellow apple with red flush. Width 68–74 mm (2.7–2.9 in), height 49–54 mm (1.9–2.1 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh white, crisp, juicy, aromatic, sweet. Cooking, eating Use January–April
Belle de Pontoise(cs. Pontoiské, de. Schöner aus Pontoise, ru. Pontuazskaia krasvitța)[30][32][6][13][16]   France 1869, introduced 1879 Large flat-round apple. Greenish-yellow, 25–75% flushed with red. Biennial. Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 64–67 mm (2.5–2.6 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Flesh white, sweet, juicy. Tree vigorous. Cooking. PickE mid-October; use November–March
Bellefleur Kitaika (cs. Krasokvet Kitajka, pl. Bellfleur Kitajka) [16]   Russia 1914 Width 100 mm, height 85 mm. Flesh, white, soft, sweet. Use October - December
Belmont[8]   Pennsylvania, US <1870 Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk short to medium. Flesh yellowish, crisp, tender, juicy, aromatic. Very good. Tree vigorous, healthy, very productive. Eating Use November–February
Ben Davis(a.k.a. New York Pippin, Victoria Pippin, Victoria Red, Red Pippin, Kentucky Pippin, Baltimore Red, Baltimore Pippin)[9][26][25][55]   Southeastern US c. 1800 Width 77 mm, height 80mm. Noted for keeping well prior to refrigerated storage, but flavour has been compared with cork. Eating Use January - June.
Bennet[8]   Herefordshire, England <1870 A cider apple. Cider
Benoni[6][9][8][56][25][12][57]   Massachusetts, US <1832 A small orange-yellow apple with red overcolour. Width 57–59 mm (2.2–2.3 in), height 53 mm (2.1 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Cells obovate, axile, closed. Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good to very good. BB. DBH 110. Eating Pick50 August 23. PickE late August. Use August–September
Ben's Red[6][13] Cornwall, England c. 1830 Medium to large apple. Slightly ribbed. Skin flushed and striped dark red. Flesh pale yellow, sweet, aromatic. P Devonshire Quarrenden Xbox Apple. Award of Merit from RHS in 1899. Eating PickE early September; use September.
Bentley Sweet[9]   Virginia, US <1850 Flesh sweet. Tree vigorous, productive, an early bearer. Eating Use April–September
Berlepsch (see Frieherr von Berlepsch)
Berner Rosen (a.k.a. cs. Bernské růžové)[23][7]   Zurich, Switzerland 1860 A red apple. Height 57–62 mm (2.2–2.4 in), width 62–66 mm (2.4–2.6 in). Weight 110 g (3.9 oz). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh; soft, juicy, subacid. Cold storage 4oC 120 days. VitC 11. Density 0.78 Eating PickG late September–early October; use December–February
Bess Pool[13][30][6][12]   Nottinghamshire, England 1824 Round-conical apple. Flesh firm but tender, white, sweet, rather dry. Trees are shy bearers at first. Width 67–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 58–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). Cells ovate, axile, open or abaxile. Eating PickE early October; use November–February
Bethlemite[8]   US <1860 Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh juicy, subacid, aromatic. Eating Use December–March
Beverly Hills[10][17] California, US 1939, Introduced 1945.[58] P Melba x Early McIntosh. Slightly tart flavor. Flesh white. Likes warm weather. MacIntosh style summer apple that is self fertile and well adapted to low chill conditions.[59] Eating
Biesterfelder Renette[31][3][7]   Biesterfeld, Lippe, Germany 1850 A yellow apple striped with red. Width 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in), height 55–65 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Flesh white, crisp, juicy. Cold storage 2oC 120 days. Eating PickG mid-September. Use October–December
Bietigheimer[25][26]   Germany <1870 Fruit very large with russet. Width 110 mm (4.3 in), height 78 mm (3.1 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Tree large, vigorous. Flesh white, firm, coarse, srisp, juicy, subacid, fair to good. Use September–October
Birgit Bonnier[60]   Sweden 1992 A cross between Cortland (apple) and Lord Lambourne.
Bismarck [6][23][13][25][26][15][34]   Victoria, Australia 1870 Large fruit with a yellow-green with red overcolour. Flesh crisp, juicy, subacid, fair to good. FCC from RHS in 1887. Width 65–85 mm (2.6–3.3 in), height 58–72 mm (2.3–2.8 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Cooking, juice. PickE late September. Use November–February
Bittenfelder[3]   Baden-Württemberg, Germany <1940 Flesh; white, crisp, juicy, subacid. Cider, juice PickG late October. Use November–April.
Black Annette[8]   US <1820 Flesh white, tender, good. Eating Use November–December
Black Apple[8]   US <1820 Flesh white, good. Eating Use November–February
Black Ben Davis[26][25]   Arkansas, US c. 1800 A red mutation of Ben Davis. Eating Use January - April.
Black Gilliflower[9][26][25]   US <1800 Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 74 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh white, dry, subacid, good. Tree very productive. Eating Use November–March
Blackjon[10][7]   Washington, US Introduced 1931 Mutation of Jonathan. Cold storage 3-4oC 120 days. Eating
Blackmack[10] British Columbia, Canada Introduced 1930 Mutation of Red McIntosh. Eating
Black Oxford[8]   Maine, US <1870 Flesh white, dry, subacid, good. Tree a great bearer. Eating Use March–May
Black Sweet (a.k.a. Moore's Sweeting)[9]   US <1820 Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh yellow, dry, very sweet. Quality inferior. Baking, cider Use December–March
Blairmont[61] Georgia, US Cross made 1961 A round to conical apple with 90% red overcolor. Moderately resistant to scab, fire blight, powdery mildew and black rot. DBH 112. Flesh: cream, juicy, subacid. Eating
Blauacher Wädenswil[3]   Bern, Switzerland Width 78 mm (3.1 in). Height 75 mm (3.0 in). Flesh; greenish-white, juicy, subacid. Cider, juice PickG late September. Use October.
Bledsoe[9]   Kentucky, US <1855 A large apple. Stalk short. Flesh crisp, juicy, subacid, good. Eating Use September–April
Blenheim Orange (a.k.a. Emilia (in Ecuador) and Pennsylvania (in Colombia) cs. Blenheimská reneta, de. Goldrenette von Blenheim, pl. Blenheimska, ru. Renet blengheimskii, Renet zolotoi blengheimskii) agm[62][6][3][26][14][15][34][12][27][16][7]   England Discovered c. 1740, introduced c. 1818 Has greenish-yellow to orange skin streaked with red. Width 75–91 mm (3.0–3.6 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), weight 165 g (5.8 oz). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Cells open, obovate, axile. Flesh; aromatic, juicy. Distinctive nutty flavor excellent for cooking. The vigorous tree is slow to come into crop but then produces heavily. Cold storage 4oC 120 days. TRI VitC 13. Density 0.76 Cooking, eating PickE late September. PickG early October. Use November–January.
Bloody Ploughman[5]   Carse of Gowrie, Scotland c. 1800 A medium-sized, very dark red, heavily ribbed apple. Flesh white sometimes pink-streaked, crisp, juicy, mildly sweet. It is reputed to have got its name after a gamekeeper shot dead a ploughman caught stealing apples from the Megginch Estate. When his body was returned to his wife, she found stolen apples in his pockets and threw them onto a rubbish heap. One of the resulting seedlings bore apples of a deep, blood red. This tree gave rise to the cultivar that was named after the unfortunate ploughman.[63] Eating PickE mid-September. Use September - November.
Blue Pearmain[6][8][13][26][25]   US c. 1800 A yellow apple with dark red stripes. Width 70–75 mm (2.8–3.0 in). Height 63–70 mm (2.5–2.8 in). Steam short and stout. FCC from RHS in 1896. Flesh aromatic, spicy, subacid, very good. Cooking, cider, eating PickE early October; use November–December.
Blutapfel (a.k.a. Pomme Sanguinole, Purpurapfel)[27]   ? <1820 A yellow apple with red overcolor. Width 49–60 mm, height 45–54 mm. Stalk 6 mm. Flesh yellow tinted with red, juicy subacid. Eating, Cooking Pick October. Use December - May.
Bodil Neergaard[64][34]   Denmark 1855 A green oblong conical apple. Width 56–61 mm (2.2–2.4 in), height 70–75 mm (2.8–3.0 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh; white, juicy, spicy. Eating, cooking Pick October; use Januar–March
Böhmer (a.k.a. Edel-Böhmer)[27]   Tyrol <1857 Green with red flush. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Eating Use December–March
Böhmischer Rosenapfel[27]   Bohemia, Germany <1800 A large apple. Width 81 mm (3.2 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Flesh juicy, sweet. Eating, cooking Use August–September
Bohnapfel (a.k.a. Grosser Rheinischer Bohnapfel, cs. Strýmka, pl. Grochówka)[3][7]   Germany <1800 Width 55 mm (2.2 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in), weight 100 g (3.5 oz). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Flesh; acid, crisp, juicy. Cold storage 2oC 210 days. Density 0.80 TRI Cooking, cider PickG late October–early November; use March–May
Boiken (cs. Boikovo)[6][3][23][25][34][7]   Bremen, Germany 1828 Culinary apple. Width 68–82 mm (2.7–3.2 in), height 56–68 mm (2.2–2.7 in). Weight 125 g (4.4 oz). Stalk 17–23 mm (0.67–0.91 in). Flesh white, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid to acid, good. Cold storage 0oC 150 days. VitC 10. Density 0.85 Cooking, drying, juice PickE mid-October. PickG mid–late October; use February–May
Bonum (a.k.a. Magnum Bonum)[8][25][26]   US 1828 Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh white, firm, tender, aromatic, juicy, mild subacid, very good. Eating Use September–December
Borgovskoje[37] Russia <1860 A sweet yellow apple. Eating Pick late August
Borovitsky (see Duchess of Oldenburg)
Borsdorfer see Edelborsdorfer
Börtlinger Weinapfel[3]   Baden-Württemberg, Germany 1827 Flesh; greenish-white, juicy, acid. Tree vigorous. Cider, juice PickG mid-October. Use October–November.
Bottle Greening[8]   Green Mountains, US <1850 Produces large fruit. Has thick skin. Flesh white, subacid. Eating, cider Use January–February
Bough (see Sweet Bough)
Bountiful[30]   Kent, England Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). A yellow apple flushed (0–25%) with red. Flesh, fairly juicy, fairly tender. Cooking, Eating Pick late September; use September–January
Bow Hill Pippin[13][6] Bow Hill, Kent, England introduced 1893 Golden yellow with slight flush. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). AM from RHS in 1893. Flesh yellow, firm, juicy, good. Eating Use November–February
Brabant Bellefleur(a.k.a. Brabantsche Bellefleur)[13][12][38] France? <1830 A yellow apple with red flush and stripes. Width 71 mm, height 67 mm. Stalk 10mm. Cells closed, elliptical. AM from RHS in 1901. Flesh crisp, yellow, acid, aromatic. Cooking Use December–April
Braddick Nonpareil[12]   England <1828 A medium-sized roundish apple. Width 66 mm, height 55 mm. Stalk short. Cells, ovate, axile. Flesh yellowish, subacid, aromatic. More sweet and tender than the Old Nonpareil. Eating PickE mid October. Use November - April.
Braeburn[65][66][43][7]   New Zealand introduced 1952 Width 76 mm, height 69 mm. Chance seedling. Flesh pale cream, firm, crisp, juicy. Red overcolor 69%. Ripens 19 days after Golden Delicious. Not susceptible to bitter-pit. The fruit is widely sold commercially in the United Kingdom. Cold Storage 1oC 180 days. SS 13.8 - 14.7 TA 0.53 - 0.86. Eating Pick 45 October 16. Pick55 October 5. Pick at the end of late May in New Zealand.
Bramley (Bramley's Seedling) agm[67][15][6][34][12]   Nottinghamshire, United Kingdom 1809 Most widely sold cooking apple in the United Kingdom. Triploid. Width 83–86 mm (3.3–3.4 in), height 66–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Cells round, axile, open. Large sized fruits with waxy skin, green with a red flush, which must be peeled before use. A favorite ingredient in many traditional British puddings.[68] TRI Cooking, juice, cider. PickE mid-October. Use November–February.
Brasil (a.k.a. Bruckner, Bruckner do Brasil)[17] Brazil 1940s Fruit large, resembles Delicious. Tree vigorous. Eating
Brauner Matapfel[14]   Germany <1800 A yellow apple with redbrown flush. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 7 mm (0.28 in). Flesh whitish-yellow, sweet, subacid. Quality cooking good, eating fair. Cooking Pick mid-October; use December–May
Bravo de Esmolfe Esmolfe, Penacova, Portugal 18th century A small, juicy and sweet apple, considered one of the best Portuguese apples Eating
Breakey[10] Manitoba, Canada Introduced 1935 Fruit medium size, red and scarlet. Flesh white, melting, juicy, spicy. Cooking, eating Use September–November
Breda Reinette (a.k.a. Reinette von Breda, Reinette de Breda, Nelguin, Reinette Nelguin)[27][69]   Netherlands <1760 Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 7 mm (0.28 in). Flesh yellowish, juicy, aromatic. Cooking, eating Use December–March
Breedon Pippin[27] England 1801 Sweet flavor. Originally raised by a parson in Berkshire. Rare. Eating
Brettacher[31][3]   Brettach, Württemberg, Germany A yellow apple striped with red. Width 70–85 mm (2.8–3.3 in), height 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in). Flesh white, juicy. Eating PickG mid–late October. Pickg October 15–30. Use December–May.
Breuhahn(a.k.a. Geheimrat Breuhahn, cs. Breuhahnovo)[3][31][7]   Geisenheim, Germany 1895 Introduced 1934 Width 57–63 mm (2.2–2.5 in), height 45–53 mm (1.8–2.1 in), weight 93 g (3.3 oz). Stalk 17–25 mm (0.67–0.98 in). Flesh: yellowish white, juicy, subacid. Cold storage 1oC 180 days. VitC 8–14. Density 0.74 Cooking, eating PickG late September–early October; use October–April
Briar Sweet (see Pound Sweet)
Brina Italy 1998 Resistant to scab. Spreading habit with intermediate vigor; full flowering season is medium-late, production is heavy, fruit is medium or medium-large, with smooth skin; white lenticels, no russet, excellent taste characteristics. Ripens first week of October (Trentino). Eating
Britegold[42] Ontario, Canada Introduced 1980 A bright yellow apple. Flesh cream-colored, tender, juicy. Biennial tendency. Resistant to apple scab. Eating, pie
Broad Eyed Pippin[6][12]   England <1700 A yellow apple with some light brown flush. Width 93 mm (3.7 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk short. Cells obovate, axile, open. Flesh white, acid. Cooking, cider. PickE late September; use November–January
Brownlee's Russet[13][6][30][31][12]   Hempstead, Hertfordshire, England c. 1848 Green with red flush, covered with russet. Width 70–74 mm (2.8–2.9 in), height 58–61 mm (2.3–2.4 in). Stalk 8–12 mm (0.31–0.47 in). Cells pointed ovate, axile, open. Flesh greenish white, juicy, acid, nutty flavour. Eating PickE mid-October; use December–March
Buckingham (a.k.a. Kentucky Queen, Lexington Queen)[70][26][25]   US, probably southern states <1817 Width 87–93 mm (3.4–3.7 in), height 67–78 mm (2.6–3.1 in). Stalk 11–21 mm (0.43–0.83 in). Flesh coarse, juicy, subacid, fair to good. Eating Use November–February
Buff[9]   US <1830 Very large. Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). Flesh, white, tender. Eating Use November–March
Bullock[26]   New Jersey, US <1805 Width 59 mm (2.3 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Flesh firm, crisp, tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good to best. Tree not large. Eating Use October–January
Buncombe(a.k.a. Red Winter Pearmain)[9]   US <1860 A medium to large sized yellow conical apple striped with red. Flesh yellow, juicy, mild subacid, good. Eating, Cooking Use December - January
Burchardt's Reinette[12][27]   Nikita, Crimea <1860 A roundish-oblate apple. Width 65 mm, height 48 mm. Cells roundish obovate, axile. Flesh white, tender, crisp, juicy. Eating. PickE early October. Use November - December.
Bushey Grove[6][29]   Hertfordshire, England 1897 A greenish-yellow apple with red flush (25–75%). P Alexande x Dumelow. AM from RHS in 1922. Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk short. Flesh white, juicy, acid. Cooking, pie PickE late August–early September; use October–December
Byfleet Seedling[6]   Surrey, England 1915 Large cooking apple; width 96 mm (3.8 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Cooking PickE early October. Use October–February.
Byford Wonder[13]   Herefordshire, England <1893 Yellow with russet dots. Very large. Tree very vigorous. AM from RHS in 1893. Cooking PickE early October. Use November–December.

C edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Cabashea[8][26]   New York, US <1851 A large oblate apple. Width 100 mm (3.9 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). Cooking Use September–October
Čačanska pozna[71] Serbia Introduced 1971 P Starking x Jonathan. Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in), weight 200 g (7.1 oz). Stalk medium. Diploid. Pick late September–early October
Čadel[71] Serbia Introduced 1984 P Golden Delicious x Jonathan. Width 78–82 mm (3.1–3.2 in), height 78–82 mm (3.1–3.2 in), weight 250–275 g (8.8–9.7 oz). Stalk 45 mm (1.8 in). Flesh firm, crisp, juicy, acid. Pick late September–early October
Cal-King[10] California US 1942 P unknown.
Calville Blanc d'hiver(cs. Kalvil bílý zimní)[6][31][32]   France <1598 Noted for unusual looks (somewhat lumpy on the side) but excellent reward when tried. Noted for having unusually high vitamin C content. Apple of choice for tarte tatin in France. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk variable. Flesh white, juicy, sweet, aromatic. C 32. Cooking, eating PickE third week of October; use November–March
Calville Rouge D'Automne(cs. Kalvil cerveny podzimni, de. Roter Herbst Kalvil, pl. Jablko malinow, ru. Osennii krasnîi kalvil.)[11][12][16]   France 1670 A culinary apple of inferior quality in England. Cells ovate, axile. Cooking, eating PickE late September. Use October–November.
Calville Rouge D'Ete[11] France <1800 A culinary apple of second-rate quality. Cooking, eating
Calville Rouge D'Hiver[11][6][57][27]   France <1800 A culinary apple of second-rate quality. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Stalk long. Flesh white, soft, juicy, sweet. Cider, cooking, eating Pick early October; use December–March
Calville Saint Sauveur[27][15][12]   France 1839 Yellow with red flush. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 61–71 mm (2.4–2.8 in). Stalk 12–18 mm (0.47–0.71 in). Cells elliptical or ovate, pointed, abaxile. Eating Pick October. Use October–February.
Cambusnethan Pippin[6]   Stirlingshire, Scotland c. 1750 A yellow apple with red flush (50–75%). Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk medium. Flesh white, sweet, aromatic. Eating, cooking PickE mid- to late September; use October–December
Cameo[43]   Washington State, US 1980s Width 78 mm, height 70 mm. Existence owed to freak accidental crossing of two most popular apples in world: Red and Golden Delicious. Retains prongs on bottom of latter parent but has flavor more resembling Golden. Eating Pick45 October 20. Pick55 October 8.
Campanino   Modena, Italy Before 1751 (documented) Fruits have firm, crisp flesh with a rather acid flavor Cooking PickE late October. Use January–March.
Campfield (a.k.a. Newark Sweeting)[8][26][9] New Jersey, US <1817 A cider apple. Biennial. Cider Use November–July
Canada Reinette (see Reinette du Canada)
Cannon Pearmain[8][9][26]   Possibly North Carolina, US <1851 A medium size, yellow apple with red flush. Flesh yellow, subacid, very good. Eating Use December–March
Capital[9]   Indiana, US <1850 Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in). Flesh yellow, juicy, subacid. Eating Use December–January
Caraway Russet (see Fenouillet Gris)
Carícia[17] Brazil Introduced 1995 P Prima x Anna. Flesh subacid, good. Tree vigorous. Eating
Cardinal (a.k.a. Kiarolkowski, Peter the Great)[13] Russia <1880 AM from RHS in 1896. Flesh soft, white, juicy, sweet, aromatic. Eating PickE mid-August. Use August–September
Carlisle Codlin[6][12]   England <1830 Yellow apple with no overcolour. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk very short. Flesh, white, tender juicy, subacid. Cooking PickE early September; use October–November
Carlough[26]   New York, US <1899 Flesh whitish, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Eating Use November–April
Carlton[10]   Geneva, New York, US Introduced 1923 P Montgomery x Red Astrachan. Ripens 1 month later than Red Astrachan. Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid. Tree vigorous, annual bearer. PickE late August. Use August–October.
Carola (a.k.a. Kalco)[3][7]   Germany 1962 Width 74–85 mm (2.9–3.3 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in), weight 135–220 g (4.8–7.8 oz). Stalk 5–20 mm (0.20–0.79 in). Cold Storage 2oC 90 days. Density 0.79 Cooking, eating PickE mid-September; use September–December.
Carolina Red June[56][26][8][9] (a.k.a. Red June, Georgia June)   Tennessee, US c. 1810 Very popular Civil War-era Southern apple. Flesh juicy, brisk, subacid. Does beautifully in humid weather. Good choice for backyard gardener in subtropical climate, though hardy as far north as zone 5. Cooking, Eating Pick late July–early August; use August–October
Carpentin Reinette (a.k.a. Carpentin)[27]   France or Germany <1800 Gelb with red stripes. Width 59 mm (2.3 in), height 44 mm (1.7 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Cooking. Use December–March
Carroll[72] Manitoba, Canada Selected 1947, introduced 1961. Resembles a highly colored Melba. Tree dwarfish to medium, winter-hardy. Eating Pick late August–early September.
Carswell's Orange[6]   Surrey, England 1938 A yellow apple with red flush (25–75%). P Cox Orange x unknown. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk medium. Flesh white, juicy, aromatic. Eating Pick mid-September; use September–November
Carter's Blue   Alabama, US 1840s Medium to large, roundish oblate; skin green or greenish yellow washed with dull red with darker red broken tripes, covered with a heavy bluish bloom. Crisp, juicy, sugary, aromatic, mild subacid. Foliage also has a blue hue. Once widely grown in the American South, then thought extinct. Reintroduced to America in 1994 after being discovered at the National Fruit Trust in Kent, England, where it had been added in 1947 from a collection in Rhone, France, after it had been acquired around 1860 from the Fruitland Nursery in Augusta, Georgia.[73] Eating, cooking PickE early Octobeer. Use October–February.
Carver (a.k.a. White Carver)[8]   Pa. US <1875 Stalk short. Flesh yellow, juicy, tender, vinous, subacid. Tree productive. Eating Use August
Catline (a.k.a. Gregson Apple)[8]   Maryland, US <1875 Below medium size. Flesh tender, juicy, sweet. Tree slow growth. Eating Use October–December
Catshead[6][12]   England <1700 Sharp flavor. Lumpy shape and electric green coloring. Width and height 86 mm (3.4 in). Stalk short. Cells ovate, abaxile. Known to have been a variety planted in early Virginia by settlers as well as native England. Extremely rare in native United Kingdom; occasionally still found growing in southern United States. Cooking PickE early October. Use October–January.
Cauley[10] Mississippi, US Introduced 1942 P unknown. A large apple. Flesh yellow, crisp, juicy. Tree yields heavily. Cooking, jelly
Celestia[9]   Ohio, US <1850 Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 21 mm (0.83 in). Flesh subacid, sprightly, spicy, aromatic. Cooking, eating Use September
Cellini(fr. Cellini, de. Cellini, ru. Cellini)[6][23][28][24][14][34][12][27][16]   England <1843 Width 70–86 mm (2.8–3.4 in), height 56–74 mm (2.2–2.9 in). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Cells round to obovate, axile, open. Flesh; white, soft, subacid. Eating, cooking PickE mid–late September; use October–December
Chailleux[27][33]   Bretagne, France <1870 Width 66–85 mm, height 54–72 mm. Stalk 10mm. Flesh yellowish-white, juicy, subacid. Eating, cooking, juice Use November - January
Champagnerrenette (see Reinette de Champagne)
Champion (a.k.a. Shampion, Sampion)[3][7]   Czechoslovakia c. 1960, introduced 1976 A greenish yellow apple with red flush. Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Weight 180 g (6.3 oz). Stalk 40 mm (1.6 in). P Golden Delicious x Cox Orange Pippin. Attractive color. This tree bears attractive fruit, extra-large sized, deep Flesh; creamy white, juicy, and subacid. Keeps fresh for a long time. Starts bearing at a young age. Cold storage 2oC 120 days. VitC 8. Eating PickG early to mid-October. Use October–February.
Champlain[26]   US < A grennish yellow apple. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 21 mm (0.83 in). Flesh white, very tender, juicy, subacid. Quality: eating good, cooking excellent. Eating, cooking Use August–October
Charden[3][7]   France Width 80 mm, height 65 mm. Parentage Golden Delicious x Reinette Clochard. Flesh; subacid. Cold storgage 1oC 150 days. TRI Cooking, eating PickG October. Use November–March.
Charlamoff[25][26]   Russia <1880 Yellow with red flush. Tree small. Flesh white, coarse, juicy, subacid, good. Eating Pick August; use August
Charlamowsky (see Duchess of Oldenburg)
Charles Eyre[6]   Berkshire, England Introduced 1911 A greenish-yellow apple. Width 102 mm (4.0 in), height 90 mm (3.5 in). Stalk short. Flesh white, soft, dry, acid. Cooking, pie PickE mid-September; use September–November
Charles Ross[6][13]agm[74][30][7]   Berkshire, England 1890s FCC from RHS in 1899. Orange to red. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Best cooked early in season. Good flavor, and sweet when eaten later in season. Cold storage 3oC 90 days. Multi-purpose PickE mid-September; use October–December
Chataigner(a.k.a. Martrange, Maltranche Rouge)[32][27][33]   Normandie, France <1400 A green apple with russet and red overcolor (50-70%). Width 72–74 mm (2.8–2.9 in), height 55–67 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Stalk 7–13 mm (0.28–0.51 in). One of the oldest apple varieties in the world. Cooking, eating, cider. PickE late October. Use December–April.
Chaxhill Red[12]   Gloucestershire, England >1873 A roundish oblate red apple. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk short and stout. Cells roundish obovate, axile, open. Flesh tender, subacid. Eating, cider
Cheddar Cross[6][75]   Long Ashton, England Raised 1916, selected 1946, introduced 1949. Green apple with red flush. Width 60 mm (2.4 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). P: Allington Pippin x Star of Devon. Flesh yellow, juicy, sharp. Eating PickE late August. Use August–September.
Cheese[8]   Pa. US <1870 Flesh white, tender, subacid. Good. Tree vigorous, bears annually. Eating Use November–February
Cheeseborough[9]   US <1840 One of the largest and one of the poorest of the russet apples. Flesh dry, subacid, sweet. Cooking Use November–December
Chelmsford Wonder[6][76][13][77]   Essex, England c. 1870 A large long keeping yellow-skinned apple with diffuse orange pink flush. FCC from RHS in 1891. Width 75–81 mm (3.0–3.2 in), height 61–68 mm (2.4–2.7 in). Stalk: short and stout. Still grown in Essex orchards including Lathcoats Farm Shop. Flesh; creamy white, firm, tough, fine-textured, juicy, subacid. P Dumelow x ? Cooking PickE early October; use November–February
Chenango[8](a.k.a. Chenango Strawberry)[25][26]   N.Y. US <1850 Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh white, firm, tender, juicy, mild subacid, aromatic, good to very good. Eating Pick45 August 14. PickE early September. Use September–October
Chester (a.k.a. Chester Redstreak)[8]   Pennsylvania, US <1850 Medium size. Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic. Eating Use November–December
Chestnut[10][78] Minnesota, US Introduced 1946 P Wealthy x unknown. Flesh nutlike flavor. Tree vigorous, productive.
Chieftain[7]   Iowa, US Raised 1917, introduced 1967 Width 65–80 mm, height 65–75 mm. Stalk 18–35 mm. Flesh white, firm, crisp, juicy, sweet. Cold storage 3-4oC 120 days.
Chiver's Delight[30][6]   Histon, Cambridgeshire, England 1920s Medium to large oblate apple. Red flush over greenish yellow skin. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk long. Flesh; creamy white, firm, fine-textured, juicy, sweet. Flavor can be variable but at its best is very well balanced. Grown by Chivers (now a brand of Premier Foods) for apple sauce. Multi-purpose Picke mid-October. Use November–January.
Chorister Boy[6]   Wiltshire, England <1890 A yellow apple with red flush. Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk medium. Flesh white, juicy, subacid. Particularly attractive blossom. Eating PickE late September–early October; use November–December
Christmas Pearmain[6]   England 1893 A yellow apple with red flush (50–75%). Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk short. Flesh yellow, crisp, subacid, aromatic. Eating PickE early October. Use November–January
Cissy (see Tamplin)
Citron d'Hiver (see Winter Zitronenapfel)
Clarke (a.k.a. Clarke Beauty)[26]   New York, US <1900 Flesh tender, juicy, subacid. Eating Use October–January
Claygate Pearmain [6][13] [30][12]   Surrey, England <1821 Suitable for northerly, cold, wet climates: rich, nutty flavor. FCC from RHS in 1921. Width 67–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 59–67 mm (2.3–2.6 in). Stalk 10–18 mm (0.39–0.71 in). Flesh, crisp, greamy white tinged green, subacid, aromatic. Cells obovate to elliptical, axile. TRI Eating PickE early October; use December–February
Clayton[9]   Indiana, US <1850 Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh yellow, subacid. Cooking Use November–March
Cleopatra (see Ortley)
Clivia[3][7]   East Germany 1964 Geheimrat Dr. Oldenburg x Cox's Orange Pippin. Width 64–80 mm (2.5–3.1 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in), weight 100–183 g (3.5–6.5 oz). Stalk 15–30 mm (0.59–1.18 in).Cold storage 2oC 120 days. Eating PickE late September. PickG mid-October. Use October–April
Close[6][24] Virginia, US Selected 1928, Introduced 1938 A greenish-yellow apple with red stripes. Width 65–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 67–72 mm (2.6–2.8 in), TRI Eating PickE early August; use August.
Cludius Herbstapfel[79]   Germany <1860 A green apple. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Flesh juicy, subacid. Eating PickE mid-September; use September–October.
Cockle Pippin(a.k.a Nutmeg Pippin, de. Hahnen Pepping)[6][12][27]   Surrey, England c. 1800 A greenish yellow apple. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk medium. Cells elliptical, axile, open. Flesh, firm, white, dry, sweet. Eating PickE early–mid-October; use December–March.
Coffelt[26]   US Flesh whitish, firm, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Eating Use January–May
Cogswell (a.k.a. Cogswell Pearmain)[8]   Connecticut, US c. 1755 Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh yellow, juicy, subacid, aromatic. Very good to best. Eating Use December–March
Collamer[25][26]   New York, US c. 1895 A sport of Twenty Ounce. Width 105 mm (4.1 in), height 95 mm (3.7 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in).
Collins[26] (a.k.a. Apple of Commerce)   Fayetteville, Arkansas, US 1885 Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). Flesh white, crisp, firm, subacid, fair to good. Tree vigorous. Eating PickE late October. Use January–June
Colora Red York[10] (a.k.a. Red York Imperial) Colora, Cecil County, Maryland Discovered 1933. Introduced 1935. A bright red apple. Bud mutation of York Imperial. Assigned to Bountiful Ridge Nurseries, Maryland.
Colton[26]   Massachusetts, US c. 1840 A yellow apple. Flesh juicy, mild subacid. Eating Use August
Colvert[9]   US <1850 A large apple. Flesh white, juicy, subacid. Eating Use October–November
Conard[10] Missouri, US Introduced 1935 P Ben Davis x Jonathan. Ripens one week after Jonathan. Tree vigorous, resistant to disease. Eating
Connel Red Fireside[80] Wisconsin, US Discovered 1949, Introduced 1957 Bud mutation of Fireside. Fruit red, large. Tree very hardy, productive.
Constantine[25][26]   Europe <1873 Constantine is very similar to Alexander, but ripens later and keeps longer. Width 91 mm (3.6 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Flesh, white, firm, coarse, tender, juicy, subacid, fair to good. Eating Use September–November
Cook's Favorite[9]   US <1850 Flesh yellow, subacid. Stalk long. Cooking Use September
Cooper[9][8][26] Connecticut, US <1796 Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh juicy, subacid, vinous, sweet. Good. Eating Use October–December
Cooper Early White[8]   Possibly Illinois, US <1870 Flesh white, crisp. Eating Use September–October
Cooper Market[8][26][81]   Possibly New Jersey, US <1804 Width 66 mm, height 59 mm. Flesh white, tender, subacid, fair to good. Tree vigorous. Eating Use December–May
Cornell Fancy[8]   Pennsylvania, US <1870 Stalk medium. Flesh white, tender, crisp, juicy, subacid. Very good. Tree vigorous. Eating
Cornish Aromatic[6][30][12]   Cornwall, England very old Large yellow. High-quality dessert apple. Width 64–77 mm (2.5–3.0 in), height 58–69 mm (2.3–2.7 in). Stalk 18–21 mm (0.71–0.83 in). Cells obovate, axile. Flesh yellowish, firm, crisp, juicy, highly aromatic. Eating PickE mid-October; use December–March
Cornish Gilliflower[6][30][12][57]   Cornwall, England Introduced 1813 Discovered as accidental seedling. Shy bearer. Width 68–70 mm (2.7–2.8 in), height 68–70 mm (2.7–2.8 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Cells roundish obovate, axile or abaxile. Partial tip bearer. Flesh yellow, aromatic, sweet. Particularly attractive blossom. Eating PickE mid-October; use November–March
Coronation[6]   Sussex, England 1902 A yellow apple with red flush (50–75%). Width 81 mm (3.2 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk long. AM from RHS in 1902. Flesh white, soft, dry, sweet. Cooking, eating Pick mid-September; use September–December
Cortland[6][24][25][7]   Geneva, New York, US 1899. Introduced 1915. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 57–62 mm (2.2–2.4 in). Classic red coloration, nice crunch. Flesh; white, juicy, crisp. P Ben Davis x McIntosh. Tree early and annual bearer, very hardy. Cold storage 3oC 90 days. Eating Pick45 September 15. Pick55 September 1.
Coryphée[82] Sint-Truiden, Belgium 2013 Parentage Rubinstep x Nicoter. eating Pick early to mid September.
Cosmic Crisp[66]   Washington, United States Cross made 1997. Became available commercially in 2019. Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 79 mm (3.1 in). Stalk 26 mm (1.0 in). Weight 290–300 g (10–11 oz). P Enterprise x Honeycrisp. Flesh: crisp, firm, juicy. SS 12.9–14.6, TA 0.60–0.83. Eating Ripens four weeks after Gala.
Cottenham Seedling[6]   Cambridgeshire, England <1923 P Dumelow x unknown. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk short to medium. Flesh white, firm, juicy, acid. Cooking PickE late September–early October; use November–March
Coulon's Reinette see Reinette Coulon
Court of Wick[12]   England <1790 A green apple with red overcolor (0-20%). Width 61 mm, height 54 mm. Stalk 13 mm. Cells roundish elliptical, axile. Flesh yellow, tender, crisp, juicy. Eating Pick October. Use October - March.
Court Pendu Plat (fr. Court Pendu Rouge)[6][30][31][15]   France 1613 Extremely old variety, may date from as early as Roman times. Width 61–67 mm (2.4–2.6 in), height 45 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 8–10 mm (0.31–0.39 in). Popular during the Victorian era. Yellow to light green, flushed with red (0–75%). Particularly attractive blossom. Eating, cooking, baking, drying, juice. PickE mid-October; use December–April
Cowan's Seedling[12] England A small apple, yellow with red flush. Stalk very short. Cells obovate, abaxile. Flesh juicy, sweet, pleasant flavour. Eating Use October
Cowarne Quoining[12] Herefordshire, England 1826 Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk short and slender. Cells large, symmetrical, obovate, axile, open. Flesh juicy, sweet and of good flavour. Eating Use January–March
Cox's Orange Pippin (cs. Coxova reneta, fr. Orange de Cox, pl. Koksa Pomaranczowa, ru. Renet Coxa)[6][30][3][26][32][15][33][12][16][7]   England 1829 One of the most celebrated apples in the United Kingdom, valued for its aromatic "orange" color and flavor. Width 60–89 mm (2.4–3.5 in), height 48–81 mm (1.9–3.2 in), weight 85–100 g (3.0–3.5 oz). Stalk 10–14 mm (0.39–0.55 in).Cells obovate, axile, slit. The fruit is widely sold commercially. Mainly grown in United Kingdom, Belgium and the Netherlands but also grown for export in New Zealand. Cold storage 3oC 120 days. VitC 5–11. Density 0.85 Eating Pick45 September 12. PickE late September. PickG late September–mid-October. Pickg September 15–30. Use October–February
Cox Pomona (a.k.a. Pomona) [6][12][26][14][3][38]   Buckinghamshire, England c. 1825 A large five crowned apple. Width 82–88 mm (3.2–3.5 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Cells obovate, axile. Raised by Richard Cox. Parentage Alexander x unknown. Mainly grown in Denmark and Sweden. VitC 12. Eating, cooking PickE mid–late September. PickG mid-September. Use October–December.
Cranberry Pippin[9][26]   New York, US <1840 Large yellow apple with red flush. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 62–68 mm (2.4–2.7 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). Flesh white, juicy, subacid. Cooking Use November–February
Crandall[83] Urbana, Illinois, US Cross made 1914. Selected 1925. Introduced 1952 A red apple. Parentage Rome Beauty x Jonathan. Eating, Cooking Pick before Winesap. Use February - April.
Crawford (a.k.a. Crawford Keeper)[9]   US <1850 Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, subacid. Eating Use February–April
Crawley Beauty[6][30][84]   England or France <1870, introduced 1906. A pale green cooking apple. Width 58 mm (2.3 in), height 45 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). At maturity yellow with orange-red flush. Award of Merit from Royal Horticultural Society in 1912. Cooking PickE mid-October; use December–March
Creek[8]   Pennsylvania, US <1870 Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid. Very good. Tree vigorous. Eating Use December–March.
Crimson Beauty (a.k.a. Early Red Bird)[5]   Canada 1850-1880s Flushed and striped with red. Width 64mm. Height 51 mm. Stalk 20 mm. Flesh subacid, soft, juicy, raspberry flower. Tree vigorous. Eating PickE early August. Use August.
Crimson Beauty of Bath[85]   Sport of Beauty of Bath Eating PickE early August.
Crimson Bramley   Nottinghamshire, England 1913 A red mutation(sport) of Bramley. Cooking
Crimson Cox[86]   Herefordshire, England Discovered 1913, Introduced 1928 Mutation of Cox Orange Pippin. Skin covered with crimson. Eating
Crimson Crisp(a.k.a. Co-op 39)[87]   New Jersey, US Cross made 1971 A greenish-yellow apple with red-purple overcolor (95–100%). Flesh crisp, juicy, subacid. SS 13.5–16.5, TA 0.63, D 76. Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Eating Pick45 September 15. Pick55 September 5. Use October–December.
Crimson Delight   Washington, United States Crimson Delight is a multi-purpose apple intended for snacking, baking and fresh recipes. The fruit size is medium to large with a firm texture and is crisp and juicy. Eating, baking
Crimson Gold[88]   Czech Republic 1944 A golf ball-sized applecrab hybrid developed by Albert Etter who named it Little Rosybloom for its cute size and attractive ruby red flush. He died before completing the patent papers. Fruit was later rediscovered and renamed. Very crispy and keeps texture in baking. Eating, baking Pick45 September 27.
Crimson Newton Wonder[5]   Holywell, Hertfordshire, England 1921 A more highly coloured sport of Newton Wonder. Eating, Cooking PickE mid-October. Use November - March
Crimson Pippin synonym of Detroit Red
Crimson Pippin synonym of Scarlet Pippin
Crimson Queening[6][12]   England <1831 A greenish-yellow apple flushed (50–75%) crimson. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk variable. Cells roundish obovate, axile. Flesh greenish white, soft, sweet, juicy, subacid. Cooking PickE early September; use September–October
Crimson Superb[85]   Yorkshire, England <1950 Sport of Laxton's Superb Eating PickE early October
Crimson Topaz see Topaz
Cripps Pink ('Pink Lady')[89][66][42]   Australia 1973, selected 1979, introduced 1989 Flesh firm, crisp, very sweet and slightly tart. Light red, pink and light yellow-green striped skin. Width 70–75 mm (2.8–3.0 in). Weight 197 g (6.9 oz). SS 12.5–16.0, TA 0.71–0.91 Cooking, eating Pick45 October 21. Pick55 October 10.
Cripps Red Australia 1973
Crispin (see Mutsu)
Criterion New York 1898 One of parents believed to be Ben Davis, but very tart unlike parent. Dark red skin underlain with stripes. Cooking, eating
Croncels (cs. Croncelské, fr. Transparente de Croncels, pl. Kronselska, ru. Prozracinoe Kronseliskoe)[3][32][15][90][16][7]   Crocels, France Introduced 1869 Round oblong. Pale milky yellow with occasional slight flush. Flesh pale yellow, tender, very juicy, subacid. Width 80–85 mm (3.1–3.3 in), height 67–73 mm (2.6–2.9 in). Weight 195 g (6.9 oz). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Cold storage 4oC 60 days. VitC 26. Density 0.72 Eating PickG late August–mid-September. Use September–October
Cullasaga[9]   North Carolina, US <1858 Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, sweet flavor. Eating Use January–April
Curl Tail[6][12] England <1872 A yellow apple. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk short. Cells obovate, abaxile. Flesh is white, soft, dry, subacid. Cooking PickE mid-September; use October–December.
Cutler Grieve[5]   Edinburgh, Scotland Introduced 1912 Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh is white, firm, strawberry flavour. Tree is weak. Eating PickE mid-September. Use October–November.

D edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Dakota Beauty[10] South Dakota, US Introduced 1944
Damasonrenette see Reinette de Mâcon
Daniel[9][8]   Indiana, US <1850 A delightful dessert apple. Flesh white, fine grained, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic. Eating Use August - September
Danziger Kantapfel(cs. Hranàč gdanský, fr. Calville de Danzig, pl. Kantowka gdanska, ru. Danțigskoe rebristoe)[23][16]   Germany <1760 A yellow apple with red overcolour. Width 63–78 mm (2.5–3.1 in), height 58–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in) Weight 118 g. Flesh yellowish white, subacid, slightly aromatic. Cooking, eating Pick October; use October–December
D'Arcy Spice agm[91][30][12][13]   Tolleshunt D'Arcy, Essex, England 1785 A medium-sized apple with yellow-green skin, a red blush where exposed to the sun and covered with a spotty ochre russet. Cells rounish obovate, axile, open. White flesh is aromatic, firm and crisp with noticeable hints of anise and clove. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 58–61 mm (2.3–2.4 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). P Reinette Franche x ? Eating PickE late October; use December–April
Davey[10] Massachusetts, US Introduced 1950 P McIntosh x unknown. Tree bears earlier and more regularly than Baldwin, resistant to scab. Eating
Dayton(a.k.a. Co-op 21)[92][42] Urbana, Illinois, US Cross made 1967. Selected 1976, introduced 1988 A roundish to oblate apple, with red overcolor (up to 90%). Flesh: fine grained, firm, cisp, very good, subacid, 13,3% soluble solids, 0.3% titrable acid. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 18–21 mm (0.71–0.83 in). P N.J. 123249 x PRI 1235–000. Maturity 4 weeks before Delicious. Eating Pick55 August 12.
Dazzle[82]   Hastings, New Zealand cross made 1997 Width 69 mm. A yellow-green apple with 95% red to orange overcolor. Susceptible to scab and powdery mildew. Eating ripens midseason.
Deacon Jones[25][26]   Pennsylvania, US <1890 Large oblong-conic, ribbed. Yellow with red flush. Tree vigorous. Flesh yellow, firm, coarse, crisp, tender, juicy, mild subacid, aromatic, fair to good. Eating Use November–March
Dean's Codlin[27][12]   Possibly England <1844 A large apple. Width 91 mm (3.6 in), height 74 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Cells elliptical, abaxile, wide open. Flesh yellowish, tender. Cooking Use December–March
De Jaune (see Jaune)
Delawine[10] Ohio, US Introduced 1948 P Delicious x Stayman Winesap. Flesh juicy and flavor of Stayman Winesap. Tree strong grower.
Delblush[5]   France 1979 Tentation delblush, Golden Delicious × Grifer Eating
Delcon[10] Missouri, US Introduced 1948. P Conrad x Deliciious. Tree dwarf tendency, heavy producer. Eating
Delcorf (a.k.a. Delbarestivale)[93][7]   France 1960 Parentage Golden Delicious × Stark Jonagrimes. Cold storage 3oC 50 days. Eating PickE early September. Use September–October.
Delfloga France 2008 Delbardivine delfloga, Royal Gala Tenroy × Florina, scab resistant Eating
Delflopion Delbard, France Sampion × Florina, scab resistant Eating
Delgollune(a.k.a. Delbard Jubilée)[5]   France 1960s Width 75 mm, height 70–80 mm. Stalk 20 mm. Parentage Golden Delicious x Lundbytorp. Flesh white, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Eating, Cooking PickE mid to late October. Use November - February.
Delrouval   France 1995 Cybèle delrouval, Delcorf × Akane Eating
Deltana France 2010 Delbard Celeste deltana, (Golden Delicious × Grive Rouge) × Florina, scab resistant Eating
Democrat 1.(a.k.a. Varick)[8][26]   New York, US <1869 A yellow apple striped and splashed with red. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk slender,24 mm (0.94 in). Flesh juicy, subacid, very good. Tree is good grower and a great bearer. Eating Use December–March
Democrat 2.[7] Tasmania, Australia c. 1900 Width 57 mm, height 45 mm. Dark red flush. Flesh: crisp, sweet, juicy. Cold storage 0oC 150 days. PickE late October. Use January–March.
Detroit Red (a.k.a. Detroit)[8][26]   Possibly the US <1820 Flesh, white, crisp, juicy, subacid. Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Good. Eating Use October–February
Deutsher Goldpepping (a.k.a. Pomme d'Or d'Allemange)[27]   Germany <1833 A yellow apple. Width 59 mm (2.3 in), height 47 mm (1.9 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Eating, cooking Use January–April
Devonshire Quarreden[6][30][57] England, possibly France 1685 (documented) Possible French parentage or ancestry. Crimson red peel. Juicy. Width 51–64 mm (2.0–2.5 in), height 38–48 mm (1.5–1.9 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Cells ovate, axile, split. Flesh greenish-white, crisp, juicy, sweet. Tree heavy cropper on warm soil. Eating PickE mid–late August; use late August–early September
Dewdney's Seedling[6]   Lincolnshire, England c. 1850 Large, irregular, late cooking apple. Flesh juicy, acid. Width 95 mm (3.7 in), height 80 mm (3.1 in). Stalk very short. Cooking PickE late August–early September; use October–January
Diamond Jubilee[13] Kent, England <1901 A yellow apple. AM from RHS in 1901. Flesh firm, white, good. Eating, cooking PickE mid-October. Use January–March
Dietzer Gold-Reinette(a.k.a. Reinette de Dietz)[27][33]   Germany <1820 Width 56–67 mm, height 50–54 mm. Stalk 12 mm. Flesh juicy, aromatic, subacid. Eating, cooking Use January - April.
Dijkmanszoet[15] A yellow to green apple with red stripes. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Cooking Use November–April
Discovery agm[94][30][3][7]   Essex, England 1949. Introduced 1949. P Worcester × Beauty of Bath. Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Sharp, sweet flavour. Fruits are sold commercially in the United Kingdom. Cold storage 4oC 30 days. Eating PickE mid–late August. PickG mid-August. Pickg August 15–30. Use mid-August–mid-September
Diwa (see Junami)
Doctor[8][26]   Pennsylvania, US <1817 Flesh tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Good. Eating Use October–January
Doctor Hogg[12]   England <1878 A golden yellow apple striped with crimson. Width 83 mm, height 74 mm. Cells obovate, abaxile. Flesh white, tender, juicy. FCC from RHS in 1878. Cooking (Eating) Pick early September. Use November - February.
Domine[26]   US <1831 Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 29 mm (1.1 in). Flesh exceedingly tender and juicy. Eating Use December–April
Domino[13][12] Possibly Nottinghamshire, England <1883 Oblong, rounded, irregular. Pale yellowish green. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk short. Cells elliptical, abaxile. Flesh crisp, acid. Cooking PickE mid August. Use August–September.
Domnesc (a.k.a. Pomme de Moldavie, Herrenapfel, ru. Domneşti)[18][16]   Moldova <1800 Width 100 mm (3.9 in), height 70–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in), weight 170–210 mm (6.7–8.3 in). Flesh, juicy, sweet sour. Eating PickG September. PickE mid-October. Use October–January.
Dorsett Golden[17]   Bahamas 1964 Grown from chance seedling of Golden Delicious. Yellow with red flush (10–40%). Flesh sweet, subacid, good. Tree vigorous. One of the most southerly apples grown in North America. Eating PickE mid-October. Use December–January.
Double Red Baldwin[10] New Hampshire Discovered 1924. Introduced 1927. Mutation of Baldwin. Darker red than Baldwin Eating
Double Red Delicious (see Starking)
Double Red Duchess (see Red Duchess)
Double Red McIntosh (see McIntosh Rogers)
Double Red Rome Beauty[10] Washington, US Discovered 1925, Introduced 1927 Mutation of Rome Beauty. Eating
Double Red Wealthy[10] New York, US Discovered 1933, Introduced 1940 Dark red mutation of Wealthy. Eating
Double Red Willow Twig[10] Illinois, US Discovered 1927, Introduced 1929. Dark red mutation of Willow Twig Eating
Dougherty/Red Dougherty   Australia, New Zealand 1930 Red Dougherty is a recent mutation discovered in New Zealand from the old Australian Dougherty. Eating
Doux d'Argent[32][33] Anjou, France <1839 A yellow to green apple. Width 78–92 mm (3.1–3.6 in), height 58–72 mm (2.3–2.8 in). Stalk 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in). Use December–January.
Downton Pippin(a.k.a. Elton Pippin, Downton Golden Pippin, Elton Golden Pippin, Knights's Golden Pippin)[11][12][57]   Herefordshire, England 1806 A dessert apple of first-rate quality. Width 54 mm (2.1 in), height 44 mm (1.7 in). Cells obovate, axile, slit. Parentage: Orange Pippin x Golden Pippin. Flesh yellowish white, firm, crisp, juicy, aromatic. Eating PickE mid-September. Use November–January
Drakenstein[17] South Africa Introduced 1981 Round, bright red. P (Wemmershoek x Granny Smith) x Richared Delicious. Tree vigorous. Eating
Dr. Seelig's Oranje Reinette[15] Kiel, Germany A yellow to green apple with no overcolor. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Use November–January
Dubbele Bellefleur[38]   ? <1760 A green apple striped with red. Width 74–79 mm, height 55–60 mm. Stalk short. Pick October. Use October–November.
Duchess of Bedford[5]   Bedford, England <1918 Parentage Cellini x Beauty of Bath. Width 66 mm, height 54 mm. Flesh white, soft, aniseed flavour. Eating PickE mid August. Use August–September.
Duchess of Oldenburg (a.k.a. cs. Charlamowski, de. Charlamowsky, fr Borowinka, Borowitsky, Borowicki, pl. Charlamowska)[6][23][32][15][12][25][27][16]   Russia <1824 Has red stripes with splashes of green. Excellent resistance to freezing temperatures. Stalk 8–20 mm (0.31–0.79 in). Width 69–89 mm (2.7–3.5 in), height 57–73 mm (2.2–2.9 in). Weight 144 gram. Cells ovate, axile. Cooking, eating Pick45 August 14. Pick55 July 25. Use September–March
Duchess's Favourite[30][12]   Surrey, England c. 1800 A yellow apple with red flush. Width 58 mm (2.3 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Cells roundish obovate, axile, open. Flesh yellowish white, tender, juicy, subacid. Tree rather slow in bearing, but then a heavy cropper. Eating Pick late August; use August–September
Dudley Winter (a.k.a. Dudley)[26]   Castle Hill, Maine, US 19th century A medium-sized oblate apple with greenish-yellow skin covered with red stripes over a solid red blush. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Flesh is firm but tender, juicy, aromatic and quite tart, becoming milder as it ages. Good for fresh eating and cooking; rated by many as one of the best for apple pies and sauces. Tree is a natural semi-dwarf, very hardy and bears heavily annually. Cooking, eating
Dukat[7]   Czechoslovakia 1965 Width 73–80 mm, height 60–68 mm. Stalk 25 mm. Parentage Golden Delicious x Cox Orange. Cold storage 3oC 60 days.
Duke of Devonshire[6][30][27]   Lancashire, England Raised 1835. Introduced 1875 Dessert apple, resistant to scab and canker. Width 61–69 mm (2.4–2.7 in), height 54–56 mm (2.1–2.2 in). Stalk 5 mm (0.20 in). Eating PickE early October; use January–March
Dülmener(aka Dülmener Rosenapfel, Dülmener Herbstrosenapfel)[3][95][7]   Germany 1870 Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in), weight 195 mm (7.7 in). Stalk 10–16 mm (0.39–0.63 in).Cold storage 3oC 90 days. VitC 6. Density 0.81 Cooking, eating PickE mid-September. PickG mid–late September; use September–December
Dummellor's Seedling(a.k.a. Dumelow's Seedling) agm[96][97][30][12]   Shackerstone, Leicestershire, England <1800 Roundish-oblate apple with pale greenish-yellow skin strewn with large russet dots, occasionally covered with a delicate pinkish-orange blush. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 11–14 mm (0.43–0.55 in). Cells obovate, axile to abaxile. Flesh yellow-tinted white flesh, aromatic, firm, crisp, tart, and very juicy. One of the most widely grown culinary apples of Victorian England, esteemed for its fine flavour and good keeping qualities. Cooking PickE mid-October; use November–March
Dungay[12] England <1884 An excellent cooking apple. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 25 mm (0.98 in). Cooking Use October–December
Dunning[10] Geneva, New York, US Raised 1923. Introduced 1938 P Early McIntosh x Cox Orange. Flesh sweet. Eating Pick early August. PickE late August. Use August–September.
Dutch Codlin (a.k.a. Chalmers Large, Glory of the West)[12][57]   Possibly the Netherlands 1783 One of the best kitchen apples. Greenish yellow with red flush. Stalk 25 mm (0.98 in) and thick. Eye small and closed. Flesh white and sub-acid. Cooking PickE early September. Use September.
Dutch Mignonne[98][31][32][34]   Holland or Germany <1766 Medium size round. Width 60–80 mm (2.4–3.1 in), height 55–70 mm (2.2–2.8 in). Cells obovate, axile, open. Flesh, cream, crisp, juicy. Stem long. Eating, cooking, baking, drying, juice PickE early October. Use November–April.
Dyer (a.k.a. Pomme Royale)[25][8][26]   A yellow apple with brown flush. Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Tree vigorous. Flesh yellow, crisp, tender, aromatic, subacid, aromatic, very good to best. Eating PickE early September. Use September–October.
Dymock Red[12] Gloucestershire, England A roundish or oblate red apple. Width 54 mm (2.1 in), height 41 mm (1.6 in). Stalk very short. Cells ovate, axile, closed. Flesh yellowish, soft, tender, subacid. Eating, cider Pick late September

E edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Egle Lithuania Eating
Eady's Magnum[6] England c. 1908 Width 91 mm (3.6 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk short. Flesh white, juicy, acid. Cooking PickE mid-October; use December–March
Early Blaze[7] US Introduced 1957 Cold storage 2oC 60 days
Early Bough see Sweet Bough
Early Chandler[8]   US <1875 Stalk short. Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, subacid. Too acid for eating. Cooking Use August
Early Cortland[99] Geneva, New York, US Cross made 1938, selected 1949 Diameter 75–90 mm (3.0–3.5 in). Skin color 60–95% red. P Cortland x Lodi. Eating
Early Harvest (a.k.a. July Pippin, Yellow Harvest, Tart Bough)[8][9][26][25][12][57]   US <1806 Width 58–85 mm (2.3–3.3 in), height 39–70 mm (1.5–2.8 in). Stalk 17–20 mm (0.67–0.79 in). Cells obovate axile, open. Flesh white, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good to very good. Eating Pick July; use July
Early Joe[8][9][25][26]   New York US <1843 Width 61 mm (2.4 in), height 46 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh whitish, tender, juicy, vinous flavor, very good to best. Tree is a slow grower. Eating Use mid-August–mid-September
Early Julien (a.k.a. Early Julyan)[11][12]   Scotland <1800 An excellent culinary apple. The tree is not a large grower. Width 60 mm (2.4 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in). Cells ovate, round or oblate, open or closed. Flesh yellowish, white, crisp, very juicy. Cooking PickE August, use August
Early McIntosh[10]   Geneva, New York, US Introduced 1923 P Yellow Transparent x McIntosh. Flavor excellent. Eating Pick early August
Early Nonpareil[12] Norfolk, England c. 1780 Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 45 mm (1.8 in). Cells obovate, axile. Flesh crisp, aromatic, subacid. Eating Use October - December.
Early Pennock (a.k.a. Shaker Yellow, Homony)[9]   US <1800 Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Flesh yellow, avid. Quality poor. Cooking Use July–August
Early Red Bird see Crimson Beauty
Early Red Juneating see Margaret
Early Ripe[8][26]   Possibly Pennsylvania, US <1867 Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid. Good. Tree productive. Eating
Early Strawberry[8][9][26][25]   New York, US <1838 Width 58–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in), height 49–52 mm (1.9–2.0 in). Stalk 25–33 mm (0.98–1.30 in). Flesh white, tender, subacid, aromatic, very good. Eating Use July–September
Early Victoria (a.k.a. Emneth Early)[6][15][7] Essex, England 1899 (introduced) Pale yellow fruit. Possibly from Lord Grosvenor × Keswick Codlin. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh; greenish-white, crisp, firm, acid. Cooks well, breaks up completely when cooked. Cold storage 1oC 60 days. Cooking, eating PickE late July–early August. Use August–September.
Easter Orange[52][13] England <1897 Round conical, deep golden yellow with flush and stripes of dark brown red. Flesh firm, yellow, of good flavour. AM from RHS in 1897. Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Eating PickE early October. Use February–April
Ecklinville[6][12]   Ecklinville, Ireland c. 1820 Large, round, greenish-yellow. Width 78–87 mm (3.1–3.4 in), height 63–70 mm (2.5–2.8 in). Stalk short. Cells ovate, abaxile. An excellent early cooker. Flesh; white, soft, fine-textured, acid, juicy. Cooking PickE early September; use September–October
Ecolette[20]   Wageningen, Netherlands Flesh: firm, juicy, shap, aromatic. Parentage Elstar x Prima. Eating PickE October
Edelborsdorfer (cs. Mišenské, Mišeň česká, ru. Borsdorfskoe blagorodnoe)[79][16]   Germany <1600 A green apple with red flush and russet. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Eating, cooking PickE mid-October; use December–March
Edelrother[27]   <1856 Yellow with red flush. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Eating Use November–January
Edith Hopwood[29]   Essex, England <1929 Yellow with russet. Stalk very long. Eating PickE early September. Use October–November
Edward VII[13]agm[100][30]   Worcestershire, England 1908 (introduced) A large oblate-round apple with yellow-green skin and pinkish-brown blush. Width 76–83 mm (3.0–3.3 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in). Stalk 6 mm (0.24 in). AM from RHS in 1903. Suitable for more northerly, cold, wet climates. Flesh; pale yellow, firm, coarse-textured, juicy, acid. Extraordinary keeper; apple ripens in autumn and will keep until Easter. P Possibly Blenheim Orange × Golden Noble. Cooks well, breaks up completely. Cooking PickE mid-October; use December–April
Edwards[8]   North Carolina, US <1869 A greenish yellow apple, lightly striped with red. Flesh juicy, firm. One of the best keepers. Eating PickE mid-October.
Edwin Beckett[29][101] England <1915 Green to yellow with red flush. Width 100 mm (3.9 in), height 114 mm (4.5 in). Cooking
Egremont Russet agm[102][30][29]   Sussex, England <1872 Width 64–68 mm (2.5–2.7 in), height 48–57 mm (1.9–2.2 in). Stalk 6–10 mm (0.24–0.39 in). Brown russeting. Excellent keeper. Resistant to scab, very prone to bitter pit. Flesh; cream, firm, fine-textured, dry, nutty flavor. Eating PickE late September; use October–December
Eifeler Rambur[31]   A yellow apple striped with red. Width 65–85 mm (2.6–3.3 in), height 50–65 mm (2.0–2.6 in). Flesh crisp, dry, subacid. C 8. Eating, cooking, baking Use December–March
Ein Shemer[17] Israel 1963 P Zabidani × Golden Delicious. Tastes tart, does not do well in cold weather. (Not the same as Anna (apple)) Eating Ripens in June
Elektra[3]   Germany Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in), weight 95–100 g (3.4–3.5 oz). Stalk 5–15 mm (0.20–0.59 in). Cooking, eating PickE early October. PickG mid–late October; use November–February
Elise Rathke[27]   Danzig <1880 A yellow to green apple, with red overcolor. Width 60 mm, height 52 mm. Stalk 9 mm. Flesh yellowish-white, juicy, subacid, aromatic. Eating Pick October. Use December–April.
Ellison's Orange[29][13] agm[103][30][77][15][7]   Bracebridge, Lincolnshire, England Introduced 1911 Width 67–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 57–61 mm (2.2–2.4 in). Stalk 12–35 mm (0.47–1.38 in). P Cox's Orange Pippin × Cellini. AM from RHS in 1911. FCC from RHS in 1917. Rich aniseed flavor. Flesh; creamy white, soft, juicy, subacid, aniseed flavour. Cold storage 4oC 120 days. Eating PickE mid-September; use September–October.
Elstar agm[104][42][7]   Netherlands Cross made 1955 Golden Delicious × Ingrid Marie. Flesh white, firm, good flavor, acid at harvest. Medium-sized, mostly red with yellow showing. Often used in desserts due to its intense honey flavor. Susceptible to powdery mildew and Phytophthora rot. Cold storage 2-3oC 90 days. Cooking, eating PickE early October. Pickg September 23–October 7. Use October–December.
Emneth Early[105][13] agm[106][30]   Cambridgeshire, England <1899 Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Suitable for northerly, cold, wet climates. P Hawthornden x Keswick Codlin. A biennial crop that needs thinning. AM from RHS in 1899. Good disease resistance. Cooking PickE late July–early August; use July–August
Empire[107][3][7]   Geneva, New York, US Introduced 1966 P McIntosh x Red Delicious.Flesh; white, juicy, subacid. Tangy taste. Ruby red color. Cold storage 2oC 120 days. Eating Pick45 September 25. Pick55 September 10. PickG mid-September. Use October–December.
Empire Red[10] British Columbia, Canada Introduced 1942 A red apple. P unknown. Cooking, eating
Empress[17][42] Geneva, New York, US Cross made 1969, selected 1977. Introduced 1988 A dark red apple, fair. Width 60–65 mm. P Jonamac x Vista Bella. Flesh light yellow, semifirm, subacid. Eating, cooking
Encore[6][30][13]   Berkshire, England 1906 Large cooking apple. Width 83–96 mm (3.3–3.8 in), height 73–90 mm (2.9–3.5 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). First Class Certificate from RHS in 1908. Flesh; creamy white, soft, coarse-textured, juicy, subacid. Excellent cooker. Cooking PickE early–mid-October; use December–April
Engelsberger[4][3]   Germany 1854 A German cider apple. Sugar-acid ratio 10:1. Juice yield 70–75%. Flesh; white, juicy, acid. Cider, juice PickG late September. Use late September–early October
English Codlin (a.k.a. Common Codlin, Codlin, Quodlin)[13][12] England <1600 Yellow with red flush and russet. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Cells obovate, abaxile. Flesh, tender, white. acid, good. Stalk long. Cooking Use August–September
English Russet[8][9]   <1870 Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh yellowish-white, crisp, subacid. Good. Eating Use January–May
Enterprise(a.k.a. Co-op 30)[108][109][43] Illinois, US Selected 1978, introduced 1993 A yellow apple with red overcolor (95%). Width 89 mm (3.5 in), height 76 mm. Overcolor 88%. Stalk short. Flesh firm, crisp, spicy. Stores well up to six months. Makes very good candy apple. Eating Pick50 October 20–30. Pick55 October 8–20.
Envy   New Zealand 2009 Sweet and crispy, takes 4–8 hours after cutting to start browning. Royal Gala × Braeburn. Eating
Epicure[6] Bedford, England 1909 Yellowish apple with reddish blush. Good clean taste. Award of Merit from RHS in 1931. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). Stalk long. Needs thinning for size. Prone to bitter pit, canker. Eating PickE mid–late August; use August–September.
Erickson[10] Minnesota, US Introduced 1923 A large green apple.
Eris[110] Greece Introduced 2016 A red apple. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Weight 222 g (7.8 oz). Flesh: white-yellowish, juicy, crisp, aromatic. P Black Ben Davis x Red Chief. SS 14.1% TA 0.3%. C 8. DBH 143. Eating Pick September 7–13. Use September–April.
Erwin Baur[3][31][7]   Germany 1928, introduced 1955 Width 68–80 mm (2.7–3.1 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in), weight 105–212 g (3.7–7.5 oz). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Cold storage 1oC 120 days. Vit C 7. Density 0.85 Cooking, eating PickE early October. PickG early–mid-October; use December–March
Esopus Spitzenburg[8][26][25][12][27]   Esopus, New York, US c. 1750 Grown by Thomas Jefferson at Monticello. Named for creek near which first seedling found. Heirloom variety still available at farmstands in Northeast and portions of Virginia. Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good to best. Difficult to grow for inexperienced planters. Width 73–77 mm (2.9–3.0 in), height 68–76 mm (2.7–3.0 in). Stalk 19–24 mm (0.75–0.94 in). Cells ovate, axile, slit. Cooking, eating PickE early–mid-October. Use December–February
Etter's Gold[10] California, US Introduced 1944 Golden yellow. P unknown. Flesh crisp. Pick October
Eva[17] Brazil A yellow apple red striped (70%). P Gala x Anna. Flesh sweet, subacid, good. Tree very productive. Eating
Evagil[13]   England Introduced 1863 A golden yellow apple. Stalk very short. Flesh pale yellow, hard, dry. Cooking, eating PickE late August. Use September–October
Evening Party[8]   US <1860 Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh juicy, vinous, aromatic. Eating Use December–January
EverCrisp[111] Indiana, US 2008 Described as Fuji x Honeycrisp Eating Pick45 October 10. Pick55 October 3.
Ewalt[9]   Pennsylvania, US <1850 A large apple, yellow with red flush. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Flesh acid, aromatic. Eating Use February–April
Exeter Cross[6][75]   Long Ashton, England 1924, introduced 1952 P Worcester Pearmain x Beauty of Bath. Width 59 mm (2.3 in), height 47 mm (1.9 in). Stalk variable. Flesh crisp, juicy, sweet. Eating PickE early August; use August
Exquisite (Laxton Exquisite)[6] Bedford, England 1902 Award of Merit from RHS in 1926. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk short to medium. Flesh sweet, aromatic. P Cox Orange x Cellini. Eating PickE late August; use September–October

F edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Fagerö[79][24]   Sweden <1860 Width 75–80 mm (3.0–3.1 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). A red mutant of Grågylling. Eating Use October–December
Fallawater (a.k.a. Tulpehocken)[9][26][25]   Pennsylvania, US <1842 Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in). Flesh greenish white, crisp, juicy, mild subacid, good. Eating Use November–December
Fall Harvey[26]   US <1838 Flesh whitish, crisp, juicy, subacid, high flavor. Eating PickE mid-September. Use October–December
Fall Jenneting (a.k.a. Fall Jeneting)[26]   Connecticut, US <1827 Flesh yellow, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid. The tree is a strong grower. Cooking Use September–December
Fall Orange[26][8]   Massachusetts, US <1848 Pale yellow. Width 85 mm (3.3 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh white, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic. A poor shipper. Biennial. Quality: eating excellent, cooking very good. Eating, cooking Use September–December
Fall Pippin[8][56][9][25][12][57]   US <1806 Large yellow, roundish to roundish oblate. Width 99 mm (3.9 in), height 86 mm (3.4 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Cells obovate, axile. Flesh whitish - yellow, firm, fine, tender, very juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good. AS s. TRI Eating, cooking PickE mid-September; use September–December
Fall Russet[5]   US c1875 Flesh aromatic, good. Eating PickE early to mid September. Use September - October.
Fall Swaar (a.k.a. Autumn Swaar)[9]   US <1800 Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh yellow, juicy, mild subacid. Cooking, eating Use September
Fall Wine (a.k.a. Ohio Wine, Musk Spice, Sweet Wine)[8]   US <1800 Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Flesh yellowish, juicy, aromatic, mild, subacid, sweet. Eating Use September–November
Falstaff[112][42] Kent, England 1966, introduced 1989.

Red stripes on yellow-green background.|A good pollinator. Width 65–75 mm. Parentage James Grieve x Golden Delicious.

Dessert PickE early October. Use October–December.
Fameuse[6][9][8][26][113][25]   Canada <1730 Small apple, very sweet, flavour similar to McIntosh. Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid, perfumed, very good. Width 60–72 mm (2.4–2.8 in), height 53–56 mm (2.1–2.2 in). Stalk 11–17 mm (0.43–0.67 in). Of no value in Britain. Eating Pick45 September 26. PickE late September–early October. Use October–November.
Family[8]   Georgia, US <1860 Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh White, juicy, mild, pleasant, subacid. Eating Use August–September
Fanny[56][25][26]   Pennsylvania, US <1869 A bright red fruit of good dessert quality. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). Roundish slightly oblate. Tree vigorous. Flesh yellow, firm, fine, tender, juicy, mild subacid, good to very good. Eating Use September–November
Faurot[10]   Missouri, US Introduced 1935 P Ben Davis x Jonathan. The tree is disease resistant.
Fearns Pippin[11][12][33] London, England <1780 An excellent apple for eating and cooking. The tree is very hardy and a great bearer. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 53 mm (2.1 in). Stalk medium. Cells obovate, axile, slit. Cooking, eating PickE late September–early October; use November–February
Federal Pearmain (a.k.a. Staaten Parmäne)[12][33] England <1831 Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in).Stalk 13 mm. Cells oblate, axile. Yellow red streaked. Flesh vinous. Eating Use December - March.
Feltham Beauty[13]   Buckinghamshire, England <1908 Yellowish-green with red stripes and flush. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). P Cox Orange x Gladstone. Flesh, crisp, sweet, very good. Eating PickE early August. Use August–September
Fenouillet Gris[11][32][33]   France 1608 A dessert apple of great excellence. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). Short stalk. Eating PickE mid-October; use November–February
Feuillemorte[5]   France <1948 Flesh crisp, brisk, juicy. Eating, juice PickE late October. Use December - March.
Fiesta agm[114][30][42][7]   Kent, England Cross made 1971, selected 1979. Sometimes called Red Pippin. Claims both UK and US heritage: P Cox's Orange x Idared. Width 58 mm (2.3 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 22–30 mm (0.87–1.18 in). Has flavour similar to the former but storage, colouring, and cold tolerance of the latter. Can be susceptible to scab and canker. Cold storage 2oC 90 days. Eating PickE mid–late September; use October–January
Filippa[24][7]   Denmark 1893 A yellow apple with some red overcolour. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Cold storage 1oC 150 days. Cooking, eating PickE mid-September; use September–December
Fillbasket[11] England <1875 Name of two different apple cultivars. One from Lancashire and the other from Kent. Cooking
Fink (a.k.a. Fink's Seedling)[9]   Ohio, US <1847 A small apple. Flesh whitish, juicy, subacid good to very good. Good keeping qualities (one year). Eating
Finkenwerder Prinz (a.k.a. Finkenwerder Herbstprinz)[31][3][7]   Elbinsel, Finkenwerder, Germany 1860 A yellow apple. Width 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in). Flesh; yellow to white, crisp, acid. Cold storage 1oC 150 days. Eating, cooking PickE late October. PickG mid-October. Pickg October 1–20. Use December–March.
Fireside[10][78] Excelsior, Minnesota, United States Selected 1917. Introduced 1943 Very fragrant. Yellow with red striping. Sweet apple, very popular in upper Midwest. Flesh yellowish, coarse, tender, juicy, subacid. Parentage Wealthy x Northwest Greening. Eating Pick45 October 1. PickE early October. Use November–April
Fiskhill[26]   New York, US <1869 Width 70–93 mm (2.8–3.7 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Tree vigorous. Flesh white, firm, coarse, juicy, mild subacid, fair to good. Eating, cooking Use November–February
Flake's Fall[8] Pennsylvania, US <1869 Yellow with red flush. Width 95 mm (3.7 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh juicy, subacid, aromatic. Eating Use October–November
Flame 1.[107] Boreham, Essex, England 1925 Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Yellow, striped scarlet. Flesh, sweet, aromatic, subacid. Eating PickE late August. Use August–September.
Flamenco (a.k.a. Obelisk)   United Kingdom 1950–1999 A columnar ornamental tree with delicious fruit Eating
Flanders Pink see Mariposa
Flandrischer Rambour(fr. Rambour de Flandre)[27][33]   Belgium <1800 A yellow apple with red flush. Width 93 mm (3.7 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Use November–January
Flickäpple[24] Sweden <1850 A large cooking apple. Yellow with red stripes. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Cooking
Florina (a.k.a. Querina) [20][42]   Angers, France Introduced 1977 75% Red overcolor on yellow background. Scab resistant. Susceptible to powdery mildew. Eating PickE early October. Pickg October 1–20. Use October–December.
Flower of Kent (a.k.a. Isaac Newton)[11][12] Kent or Lincolnshire England <1629 A first-rate kitchen apple from October to January. Width 89 mm (3.5 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk short. Cells obovate, abaxile.Flesh crisp, subacid. This is the variety that inspired Sir Isaac Newton to consider gravity. Cooking PickE mid-October. Use November–January.
Flushing Spitzenberg[9][57]   US <1822 Flesh white, yellow, juicy, crisp, mild, sweet, good. Eating Use November–February
Folwell[10][78] Minnesota, US Selected 1913. Introduced 1922 A large apple. Parentage Duchess of Oldenburg x (Alexander x Golden Russet).
Foote (a.k.a. Foote's Nonpareil)[8]   Mass. US <1875 Flesh firm, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good. Tree vigorous, annual bearer. Eating Use November
Forge[6] Sussex, England <1851 A yellow apple with red Flush. Width 60 mm (2.4 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). Stalk short. Flesh white, crisp, juicy, aromatic. Eating PickE late September; use October–November
Fortune agm[115] (Laxton's Fortune)[30][15] England 1904, introduced 1931 Cox's Orange Pippin × Wealthy. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1948. Width 68–75 mm (2.7–3.0 in), height 58–60 mm (2.3–2.4 in). Stalk 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in). Prone to canker, good resistance to scab. Tendency to be biennial. Eating PickE early September; use September–October
Fortune[43] Width 91 mm, height 77 mm. Parentage Red Spy x Empire Eating Pick 5 days after Golden Delicious
Foundling (a.k.a. Shirley, Groton)[9]   Massachusetts, US <1820 A medium to large apple. Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good. Eating Use September
Fourth of July (a.k.a. Sibirian August, August Apple)[8]   Germany <1875 Flesh white, juicy, subacid, good. Stalk short. The tree is a strong grower. Cooking, eating
Fox Kernel (a.k.a. Sack)[12] Herefordshire, England Yellow with red stripes. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk long. Cells ovate, axile, closed. Flesh soft, tender, dry, sweet. Cider
Foxley[12] England c. 1800 Very small. Stalk 25 mm (0.98 in). Raised by Thomas Andrew Knight. Cider
Foxwhelp[12]   Herefordshire, England <1650 Striped red and yellow. Flesh yellow with a rough acid flavour. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). Cells, open elliptical, pointed. Flesh yellow, acid. Cider
Fraas Sommer-Calvill[27]   Germany c. 1850 Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Eating Use September–October
Franklin[10] Ohio, US Introduced 1937 P McIntosh x Delicious. Eating
Fred Hough[17] Brazil Introduced 1994 Small to medium, red striped. Very low acid content. P NJ 76 x Coop 14. Eating
Freedom[4][116] Geneva, New York, US Cross made 1958, first fruited 1965, introduced 1983 Yellow with red stripes (80%). Flesh: firm, juicy, crisp, subacid. Width 85 mm (3.3 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in). DBH 143. Eating, cooking, juice, cider PickE late September. Use October–December.
French Pippin[8]   <1850 Flesh yellowish, tender, subacid, good. Tree vigorous. Eating Use October–January
Freyberg[6]   New Zealand 1934 P Golden Delicius x Cox Orange. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk long. Flesh white, juicy, sweet, aromatic. Eating Pick early October; use October–December
Freiherr von Berlepsch[3][16]   Germany 1880 Width 54 mm (2.1 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). One of the best eating apples. High in Vitamin C. Picking September. Eating, juice PickE early October. PickG early–mid-October. Pickg September 23–October 7. Use October–December
Freiherr von Trauttenberg[27]   Germany <1850 Width 69–71 mm (2.7–2.8 in), height 65–76 mm (2.6–3.0 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Cooking, eating Use November–February
Friedrich von Baden (see Grossherzog Friedrich von Baden)
Frogmore Prolific[6][13][27]   Windsor, England c. 1865 A yellow apple with red flush. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk long. Flesh white, soft, juicy, acid. P Hawthornden x ? Cooking PickE late August–early September; use September–November
Frostproof[10] Virginia, US Discovered 1930. Introduced 1947. P unknown. Quality fair. Tree blooms 30 days later than most apples usually do. Eating
Frösåker[23]   Sweden <1900 A yellow apple. Width 58–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in), height 45–50 mm (1.8–2.0 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Eating Pick October; use November–January
Fuji[117][17][66][7]   Aomori, Japan 1930s, Introduced 1962 P Red Delicious × Ralls Genet. Dark red, conic apple. Sweet, crisp, dense flesh is very mildly flavoured. Keeps very well. One of the most widely grown apple varieties in the world. Cold storage 1oC 150 days. SS 14.3 - 14.6 TA 0.41 - 0.51. Eating Pick 45 October 25. Pick55 October 5. PickE late October. Use December–January.
Fuji Frey[17] Brazil Introduced 1995 Bud mutation of Fuji. Eating
Fyan[10]   Missouri, US Introduced 1935 P Ben Davis x Jonathan. Ripens 2 weeks after Jonathan. Tree very vigorous, regular bearer, resistant to disease. Eating

G edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Gala[6][30][66][3][7]   New Zealand introduced 1960 A small to medium-sized conic apple. Width 61–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in), height 55–65 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Weight 140 g (4.9 oz). Stalk 25–40 mm (0.98–1.57 in). The thin, tannic skin is yellow-green with a red blush overlaid with reddish-orange streaks. Flesh is yellowish-white, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid, and grainy with a mild flavour. Cross of three of the world's best known apples: Kidd's Orange Red (a cross of Red Delicious and Cox's Orange Pippin) × Golden Delicious. One of the most widely available commercial fruit. Cold storage 2oC 150 days. SS 13.2–14.1 TA 0.36–0.54. Eating Pick45 August 30. Pick55 August 25. PickE early October. PickG late September–early October. Pickg September 15–30. Use October–January
Galarina[118] Angers, France Cross made 1978 A round-conic greenish-yellow apple with orange-red overcolor (65–100%) P Gala x Florina. Flesh: yellowish-white, crisp, juicy, firm, aromatic, tart. Eating Pick 2 days after Gala
Galbraith Baldwin[10] Massachusetts, US Introduced 1948 Mutation of Baldwin. Highly colored. Eating
Galícia[17] Brazil 1987 P Gala x Anna. Flesh crisp, juicy. Tree very productive. Eating
Galloway[6][12][27]   Scotland <1871 Large eating and cooking apple. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1871. Width 90 mm (3.5 in), height 71 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 13 mm. Cells, small, obovate, axile. TRI Eating, cooking PickE late September; use November–February
Ganges[12] England A green kitchen apple. Cells, ellipticale, axile. Flesh yellowish-green, tender, crisp, juicy, subacid. Cooking Use October–February
Garden Royal[8]   Sudbury, Massachusetts, US <1847 A medium-sized roundish-oblate, sometimes slightly conical apple. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Greenish-yellow skin is striped and splashed with bright red, dull or grayish toward the stem; dots few, light and gray; cavity deep, basin shallow, slightly uneven. Flesh yellow, very tender, juicy, rich, mildly subacid and aromatic. Poor keeper. Upright habit, productive bearer, some biennial tendency. Eating PickE late August. Use late August–September
Garden Sweet[8]   New England, US <1875 Stalk short and small. Flesh, yellowish white, tender, juicy, sweet. Tree hardy and productive. Cooking Use September–October
Garretson's Early (a.k.a. Somerset Harvest)[9]   New Jersey, US <1840 Medium size. Stalk short. Flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Cooking, eating Use July–August
Gascoyne's Scarlet (cs. Gascoyneho šarlatové, de. Gascoynes Scharlachroter)[6][3][30][15]   Kent, England 1871 Large red fruit. Width 77–82 mm (3.0–3.2 in), height 63–70 mm (2.5–2.8 in), weight 145 g (5.1 oz). Stalk 15–25 mm (0.59–0.98 in). FCC from RHS in 1887. VitC 8–12. Density 0.79 Eating, cooking PickE mid–late September. PickG late September; use October–January.
Geflammter Kardinal(cs. Kardinál žíhaný, pl. Kardynalska. ru. Kardinal krasnîi.) [16]   Germany ? <1800 Width 74–92 mm, height 70–85 mm. Weight 110-240 gram. Cooking
Geheimrat Breuhahn (see Breuhahn)
Geheimrat Dr. Oldenburg (cs. Oldenburgovo)[4][19]   Geisenheim, Germany Cross made 1897, first fruited 1904. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Flesh: yellowish white, fine, subacid. Created at the Höheren Lehranstalt für Obstbau of Geisenheim in the Rheingau. P Minister von Hammerstein × Baumanns Renette. Eating PickE early September. Use September–November.
Gehrers Rambour[4]   Germany 1885 A German cider apple. Sugar-acid-ratio 8:1. Juice yield 75–80%. Cider Pick late October
Gelber Richard(fr. Richard Jaune, ru. Riciard jioltîi))[23][31][33][16]   Mecklenburg, Germany <1830 A yellow apple. Width 66–76 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 66–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). C 23. Flesh: whitish, sweet. Eating Pick October; use November–March
Gendreville[32] A yellow apple with red overcolor. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Cooking Use January–May.
Geneva Early[119]   Geneva, New York, US Cross made 1964, selected 1973 A round-oblate apple. Diameter 70–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in). Skin color 60–100% red. Flesh: subacid, aromatic. P Quinte x Julyred. Eating
George Carpenter[6]   Surrey, England 1902 P Blenheim Orange x King of the Pippins. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk long. Flkesh white, juicy, sweet, aromatic. Eating PickE mid-September; use October–December
George Cave[6][30] Essex, England 1923 Pale green-yellow fruit with red flush. Early harvest. Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Eating PickE early–mid-August; use August
George Neal[6][120][30]   Kent, England 1904 Pale green to yellow colour, will keep nicely until late autumn. Award of Merit from RHS in 1923. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Good regular crops. Cooking Pick late August–early September; use August–September.
Gerlinde[20]   Ahrensburg, Germany Eating Pick mid to late August.
Gestreifter Herbst-Calvill[27]   <1670 Gelb with red flush. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in), stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Cooking, eating Use November–January
Gestreifter Winter-Calvill[121]   Germany <1840 Yellow with red stripes. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Eating, cooking Pick October; use November–February
Gewürzluiken[14][31][3]   Württemberg, Germany <1850 A yellow apple striped with red. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh: white, crisp, juicy, acid. Cooking, juice, baking, eating PickE mid-October. PickG mid–late October. Pickg October 15–30. Use December–March.
Gideon[25][26]   Minnesota, US c. 1880 Tree vigorous. Flesh yellow, soft, coarse, crisp, juicy, subacid, fair to good. Eating Use October
Gilpin (a.k.a. Carthouse), Little Red Romanite.[9][8][57]   Virginia, US <1850 Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh greenish-yellow, sweet, juicy. Cider, eating Pick October; use December–May.
Ginger Gold[43]   Virginia, US 1960s A yellow apple with 6% red flush. Width 80 mm, height 73 mm. Tangy flavour, crunchy texture. Cooking, eating Pick45 September 3. Pick55 August 20. Use September–October.
Gipsy King[12] England <1872 A handsome dessert apple. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 45 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Cells obovate, axile, slit. Flesh yellowish, tender, juicy. Eating PickE mid-October. Use October–December
Gladstone[6][30][26]   England 1780, introduced 1868 Width 63–79 mm (2.5–3.1 in), height 54–62 mm (2.1–2.4 in). Stalk 9–17 mm (0.35–0.67 in). A red apple. Eating PickE late July–early August; use July–August
Glanz Reinette[27]   Possibly Germany <1850 A green apple with red stripes. Width 58 mm (2.3 in), height 50–53 mm (2.0–2.1 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Eating Pick October
Glockenapfel (a.k.a. Weisser Glockenapfel)[4][31][3]   Switzerland 17th century A medium-sized green-yellow elongate bell-shaped apple, sometimes takes on a reddish blush. Width 55–75 mm (2.2–3.0 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in). VitC 9. Flesh; tart, crisp and juicy. Stores well, taste improves with age. Excellent culinary variety; renowned for its use in Strudel. Cooking, eating PickE mid-October. PickG late October. Pickg October 15–30. Use December–April.
Gloria Mundi (a.k.a. Pound)[6][11][25][26]   US <1804 An excellent green culinary apple. Width 89 mm (3.5 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Stalk short. Flesh yellow, coarse, crisp, tender, juicy, mild subacid, fair to good. Cooking Pick mid-October; use October–December
Glorie van Holland[52][38]   Netherlands c. 1890 A yellow apple striped with red. Width 85 mm. Stalk long. Flesh slightly acidic, slightly sweet. Eating PickE early October. Use October–January.
Glory of the West (a.k.a. Englischer Prahlrambour)[11][27] England <1800 A culinary apple of first quality. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Cooking Pick October; use October–December
Gloster (a.k.a. Gloster 69)[6][3][122]   Jork, Germany 1951 Introduced 1969 Conical shape. Somewhat tart, ruby red color like parent Red Delicious. P Glockenapfel x Richared Delicious. Good choice for backyard gardening. Width 65–90 mm (2.6–3.5 in), height 65–90 mm (2.6–3.5 in). Weight 150–300 g (5.3–10.6 oz). Stalk 11–23 mm (0.43–0.91 in). Eating PickE late October. PickG mid–late October. Pickg October 10–30. Use November–March
Godfrey[10] Manitoba, Canada Introduced 1931 P Patten Greening x unknown. A dark red apple. Flesh white, crisp, sweet. Tree vigorous. Use October–February
Gogar Pippin (a.k.a. Stone Pippin)[11] Scotland <1850 A dessert apple of second rate quality. Eating Use January–March
Gold Chief (a.k.a. Gold Pink)[123] Bologna, Italy Selected 1989. Introduced 1998. A yellow apple with pink blush (10–20%). Flesh; firm, juicy, subacid. Eating Pick 7–10 days after Golden Delicious.
Golden Ball[8]   Connecticut, US <1880 A large apple. Flesh crisp, tender, subacid. Eating Use December–March
Golden Delicious(de. Gelber Köstlicher, ru. Zolotoe prevoshodnoe)[6][124][3][25][125][19][16][7]   Clay County, West Virginia, US 1891. Introduced 1914. One of the most popular varieties in the world. Due to its regular size, even colour and storage qualities the fruit is widely sold commercially. Uniform light green-yellow coloration. Flesh firm, crisp, tender, juicy, mild subacid, aromatic, very good to best. A good pollinator. Width 63–72 mm (2.5–2.8 in), height 58–62 mm (2.3–2.4 in), weight 145 g (5.1 oz). Stalk 20–30 mm (0.79–1.18 in). Cold storage 0.5o C 120 days. DBH 137–151. VitC 6–9. Density 0.79 Eating, cooking Pick45 October 7. Pick55 September 15. PickE lateOctober. PickG early–late October. Pickg September 23–October 15. Use October–May.
Golden Harvey (a.k.a. Brandy Apple)[11][13][12]   England <1821 A yellow apple with russet. Width 49 mm (1.9 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 13 mm. Cells obovate, axile, closed. One of the richest and most excellent dessert apples, it is also one of the best for cider. Eating, cider PickE mid-October. Use December–May
Golden Knob (a.k.a. Old Lady, Old Maid)[11][13][12] England <1850 Orange-brown with russet. A good late keeping dessert apple. Flesh firm, subacid, good. Leaf large, very dark. Width 42 mm (1.7 in), height 35 mm (1.4 in). Stalk short. Cells obovate, axile, closed. The tree is a strong grower. Eating PickE mid-October. Use December–March
Golden Lasa[20] Trentino, Italy A scab resistant apple Eating Pick late September
Golden Mira[20] Trentino, Italy A scab and mildew-resistant apple. Eating Pick early October
Golden Monday[11] England <1850 A kitchen apple. Flesh sugary, briskly flavoured. Cooking Use October–December
Golden Noble (de. Gelber Edelapfel)[6] agm[126][3][30][12][33][27]   England 1820 Tree is short and stocky. Produces mint green fruit with blush of pink. Width 60–90 mm (2.4–3.5 in), height 50–80 mm (2.0–3.1 in), weight 150–250 g (5.3–8.8 oz). Stalk 5–15 mm (0.20–0.59 in). Cells obovate, abaxile. Good disease resistance. VitC 25. Cooking, pie, eating PickE early October. PickG mid-September; use October–January
Golden Nonpareil[11][12] England <1850 A first rate dessert apple. Cells ovate or roundish ovate, axile, open. Flesh juicy, sugary with a rich flavour. Eating Use December–February
Golden Orange[20] Trentino, Italy 1979, released 1996 PRI 1956-6 × Ed Gould Golden. Resistant to scab. Moderate vigour, spreading habit and medium-late blooming season; fruit is moderately large (207 g (7.3 oz)) and symmetric, skin is smooth, no russeting. Ripens some days after Golden Delicious; fruit is very attractive; large, good storage ability. Eating Pick early October
Golden Pippin[12]   England <1629 A golden yellow apple with russet. Width 57–63 mm., height 52–59 mm. Stalk 12–25 mm. Cells ovate, pointed, axile, closed. Eye small and open. Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, juicy, sweet, subacid. Eating PickE early October. Use November- April
Golden Reinette (see Orleans Reinette)
Golden Russet[25][26][12]   New York 1845 (documented) A medium-sized heavily russeted light green apple, occasionally with a reddish blush. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Cells obovate, axile, closed. Crisp, fine-grained flesh is rich, sugary and very sweet. Excellent dessert apple, keeps very well. Makes extraordinary cider, known as the "Champagne of cider apples." Cider, cooking, eating PickE early–mid-October. Use December–April
Golden Spire[13][12]   Lancashire, England 1850 A golden yellow apple. An old Northern English variety. Flesh pale yellow, juicy, soft. P Keswick Codlin x Manks Codlin. Width 64 mm, height 82 mm. Cells elliptical, abaxile. Unusually tall and oblong with a tart flavour. Cooking, cider, eating PickE early September. Use September–October.
Golden Supreme Idaho, US 1960 Eating Pick45 September 15. Pick55 September 8.
Golden Sweet(fr. Northern Sweet)[56][9][8][26][25][33]   Connecticut, US <1832 Width 76–79 mm (3.0–3.1 in), height 59–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in). Stalk 23–30 mm (0.91–1.18 in). A yellow apple. Flesh is yellow, firm, tender, juicy, very sweet, aromatic, good to very good. BB. Eating Use August–September
Gold Pink (see Gold Chief)
Goldrush[127][43]   Indiana, US 1980, introduced 1993 Width 74 mm, height 69 mm. The fruit has a complex spicy flavor with high acidity and sweetness. Acidity moderates in cold storage, with exceptional quality after 2 to 3 months. Parentage Golden Delicious x Coop 17. Eating Pick55 October 19.
Goldspur   US 1960 A sport of 'Golden Delicious'. Eating
Goldstar[20] Czech Republic Eating Pick October
Goodwood Pippin[128] Goodwood, Sussex, England <1896 Yellow striped with red. Round to conical. The stalk is set in a narrow, rather deep russety cavity. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 82 mm (3.2 in). AM from RHS in 1896. Cooking
Goosebery Pippin (Ronalds')[6][11] Cheshire, England <1875 A very excellent dessert apple; ripe in November. Small fruit, small tree. Eating
Gordon[22] Whittier, California, United States Introduced 1977 A low chill hour cultivar developed by Robert B. Gordon in Whittier, CA from unknown parentage. Blooms over long period in Southern California – from April to early June. Bears mature fruit from August to October. Fruit is green with red striped overcolor. Ripe at approximately 50% red coverage. Flesh: white, crisp, juicy. Fruit is dual purpose, for eating and baking with sweet-tart flavor. Eating, cooking
Gradirose Languedoc-Roussillon, France 2004 Created by Pépinières Grard. Early dessert apple with pink blush. Stores well. Very productive. Eating Ripens in September
Gragg (a.k.a. Red Gragg or Winter Queen) North Carolina, US 1860 Originated on the farm of James Gragg in Caldwell County, North Carolina about 1860. Valued by North Carolina growers for its fine cooking qualities, crispness and long storage ability. The conical shaped fruit is red in colour with moderately conspicuous dots. Keeps well. Cooking, eating Ripens in October
Grågylling[23][24]   Europe <1800 Width 64–68 mm (2.5–2.7 in), height 54–60 mm (2.1–2.4 in). Stalk 12–20 mm (0.47–0.79 in). Flesh juicy, subacid, fair to good. Eating, cooking Pick early October; use November–January
Grahams Royal Jubilee (see Royal Jubilee)
Granges Pearmain[52][12]   Middlesex, England <1829 Rather large, round, a little flattened. Colour yellow with dull red flush and broken stripes. Width 80 mm, height 55-60mm. Cells obovate, axile, open. Flesh pale yellow, very crisp and juicy and excellent flavour. Cooking, eating PickE early October. Use December–May
Granny Smith[6][117][129]   Australia 1868 This is the apple once used to represent Apple Records. Width 64–74 mm (2.5–2.9 in), height 61–68 mm (2.4–2.7 in). Stalk 17–25 mm (0.67–0.98 in). A favourite variety, widely sold in the UK. Also noted as common pie apple. Lime green colouring. Extremely tart. SS 11.5, TA 1.03. Cooking, eating Pick 45 October 15. Pick55 October 23. PickKt mid-October; use January–April
Grantonian[13]   Nottingham, England <1883 Yellowish-green with brown flush. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Flesh firm, subacid. FCC from RHS in 1883. Cooking Use until March
Graue Herbst Reinette[27]   <1800 Width 84–95 mm (3.3–3.7 in), height 64–72 mm (2.5–2.8 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Cooking, eating PickE early October. Use November–December
Graue Portugiesische Reinette[27]   Portugal <1798 Width 65–69 mm (2.6–2.7 in), height 46–50 mm (1.8–2.0 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Cooking, eating Use December–April
Grauer Kurzstiel[27]   France <1794 Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in). Cooking, eating Use December–April
Gravenstein(cs. Grávštýnské, pl. Grafsztynek Prawdziwy, ru. Grafensteinskoe)[6][9][30][3][26][25][32][15][33][12][27][16]   Gråsten, Jutland, Denmark <1800 An early yellow-green apple, often with red stripes. Width 73–91 mm (2.9–3.6 in), height 61–89 mm (2.4–3.5 in). Weight 130 g (4.6 oz). Stalk 10–25 mm (0.39–0.98 in). Cells round to elliptical, abaxile. Tree large, vigorous. Flesh yellow, firm, fine, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good to best. Exceptional cooking apple, especially for applesauce and pies. Poor keeper; becomes soft quickly. German immigrants introduced this variety to California's San Joaquin Valley in the mid-19th century. Has many sports. VitC 8. Density 0.82 TRI Cooking, eating, pie Pick45 August 23. PickE early September. PickG late August–mid-September. Pickg September 1–7. Use September–December.
Gravensteiner Roter (cs. Grávštýnské červené, fr. Gravenstein Rouge)[64][36][130][33]   Lübeck, Germany 1858 A red sport (mutant) of Gravenstein. Widely spread in Germany, Denmark and Sweden.
Green Cheese(fr. Green Cheese)[8][33]   North Carolina or Georgia, US 18th century A very old southern apple thought to have originated in North Carolina or Georgia but its true origin is uncertain. The fruit is oblate to oblique in shape. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). The skin is deep green in colour, turning pale yellow when fully ripe. The yellowish flesh is sweet, crisp, tender and juicy. Eating
Greendale[10] Geneva, New York, US Introduced 1938 P McIntosh x Lodi. A green apple. Eating, cooking
Green Newtown (see Newtown Pippin)
Green Seek No Further[8]   L.I.[clarification needed] US <1855 Flesh white, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, very good. Stalk short. Tree slow in growth. Eating Use October–January
Greensleeves[6] agm[131][30]   Kent, England 1966 Golden Delicious × James Grieve; good garden apple, with a pleasant but unexceptional flavour. Width 64–67 mm (2.5–2.6 in), height 57–60 mm (2.2–2.4 in). Stalk 20–22 mm (0.79–0.87 in). Likely named for famous Renaissance-era song. Can be susceptible to scab. Eating PickE late September; use September–November
Greenup's Pippin (a.k.a. Yorkshire Beauty, Greenup's Apfel)[27][11][12]   Yorkshire, England <1800 A first rate early culinary apple. Flesh tender, juicy, and with an agreeable acidity. Width 60–77 mm (2.4–3.0 in), height 46–74 mm (1.8–2.9 in). Cells elliptical, axile. Eating, cooking PickE mid-September. Use October–December
Grenadier[6] agm[132][30][12]   England 1862 (documented) Possibly one of the strangest of all British apples: it is ribbed and lumpy with a tough coat, looking as though it has taken a beating. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 10–12 mm (0.39–0.47 in). Cells elliptical, abaxile, wide open. Grenadier cooks down to cream-coloured puree with a superb apple flavour. Makes an excellent apple jam. Poor keeper. Reliably heavy annual bearer. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1883. Good disease resistance. Cooking PickE mid-August; use August–October
Grimes Golden (a.k.a. Grimes Golden Pippin)[6][8][9][70][26][25]   Brooke County, West Virginia, US 1804 A medium-sized roundish to slightly oblong apple. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Greenish-yellow skin, ripening to a clear yellow, stem cavity sometimes russeted, covered with yellow or russet dots. The yellowish-white flesh is crisp and tender, with a rich, spicy, sugary-sweet flavour. A good all-purpose dessert and cooking apple, Grimes also makes a strong single-variety cider. Excellent keeper. Grimes Golden is the parent of the ubiquitous Golden Delicious. Relatively rare among apples, Grimes Golden is self-fertile. Original tree discovered near a known orchard of John Chapman (Johnny Appleseed). DBH 147. Cider, cooking, eating Pick55 September 5. PickE mid-October. Use December–March
Groninger Kroon[38]   Netherlands 1875 A yellow conical apple striped with red. Width 72 mm, height 70 mm. Stalk 25 mm. Flesh crisp, subacid, aromatic. Eating Use November - January.
Gronsvelder Klumpke[15]   Netherlands A green apple with red overcolor (80–90%) and russet. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Use November–April.
Grosh[8][25][26]   Pennsylvania, US <1855 Flesh white, loose, soft, juicy, aromatic, subacid, good to very good. Tree vigorous, an annual bearer. Cooking Use September–January
Gros Locard[32][33]   France <1849 A yellow or green apple with russet. Width 105 mm (4.1 in), height 80 mm (3.1 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Cooking, juice PickE late October. Use December–March.
Groẞherzog Friedrich von Baden[15]   Germany 1894 A green apple. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Eating Use October
Grove[10]   Missouri, US Introduced 1935 P Ingram x Delicious. Tree blooms late, resistant to scab.
Grüner Stettiner (a.k.a. Grüner Winterstettiner)[14]   Germany or Poland <1800 A green apple. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 11–15 mm (0.43–0.59 in). Flesh whitish-yellow, juicy, subacid. Quality good. Cooking, drying, juice Pick October. Use January–April
Guelph[6]   Berkshire, England <1912 Medium to large sized apple for use in October to December. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1913. Eating PickE early September. Use September–November.
Guldborg[5][64][34]   Denmark 1870 A green apple striped with red(25% overcolor). Width 68mm, height 65 mm. Stalk 12mm. Flesh white, juicy, subacid, aromatic. P Maglemer x unknown. Eating Pick late August. Use August - September.
Gunilla Bohuslän[79]   Sweden <1900 Width 98 mm (3.9 in), height 98 mm (3.9 in). Stalk 21 mm (0.83 in). Eating, cooking Use October–March

H edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Haas (a.k.a. Fall Queen)[25][26]   Missouri, US <1875 Fruit oblate-conic, ribbed, yellow with red flush. Tree large, vigorous. Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh white, juicy, aromatic, subacid, poor. Use October–November
Hagloe[9]   New Jersey, US <1817 Stalk short. Tree healthy, vigorous, productive. Flesh whitish, juicy, acid. Cooking Use August
Halberstädter Jungfernapfel[27][14][31]   Halberstädter, Germany <1885 Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 74–80 mm (2.9–3.1 in). Stalk 12–20 mm (0.47–0.79 in). Flesh juicy, sweet, very good. Cooking, caking, eating PickE mid-September. Use November–February
Hambledon Deux Ans[6][30][12]   Hampshire, England c. 1750 A yellow apple with red flush. Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 64–67 mm (2.5–2.6 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). Cells obovate, abaxile, wide open. Flesh white-yellow, dry, sweet, subacid, aromatic. Prone to bitter pit. TRI Eating PickE late September–early October; use November–April
Hammerstein (a.k.a. Minister von Hammerstein, cs. Hammersteinovo)[3]   Germany 1895 Width 60–85 mm (2.4–3.3 in), height 50–65 mm (2.0–2.6 in), weight 100–180 g (3.5–6.3 oz). Stalk 15–25 mm (0.59–0.98 in). VitC 5. Cooking, eating PickE early October. PickG late October–early November; use January–April
Hampus[79][24][23]   Holland or Sweden <1820 Width 66–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 47–50 mm (1.9–2.0 in). Stalk 19–26 mm (0.75–1.02 in). Flesh juicy, sweet. Eating Pick late August–early September
Hanaskogsäpple[24]   Sweden 1873 A yellow apple. Width 61 mm (2.4 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). Eating Pick September; use September
Haralson[10][78]   Minnesota, US Introduced 1923 P Malinda x Wealthy. Red colour and large, moderately conspicuous dots. Crisp and juicy with a tart flavour. Excellent choice for pies. Cooking, eating, cider Pick45 September 3. Pick55 August 27.
Harberts Renette (a.k.a. Harbert, Harbert's Reinette, Harbert's reinettenartiger Rambour, fr. Reinette Harbert)[23][3][31][15][27][33]   Germany <1820 Yellow with red flush. Width 87 mm (3.4 in), height 67–78 mm (2.6–3.1 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Flesh is crisp, juicy, subacid. VitC 21. TRI Eating, cooking, baking, drying, juice. PickE early October. PickG early October; use December–January
Harrison (a.k.a. Harrison Cider)[8][57]   New Jersey, US 1770 Yellow skin, sometimes red-blush, black spots, small size, sweet, rich and dry. Cider
Harvey[30][6]   England 1629 A green apple. Width 76–93 mm (3.0–3.7 in), height 68–81 mm (2.7–3.2 in). Stalk 12–18 mm (0.47–0.71 in). Flesh white-yellow, dry, sweet. Cooking PickE mid-September; use September–January
Hatsuaki[17]   Japan Introduced 1976 P Jonathan x Golden Delicious. Flesh juicy, sweet, good. Eating PickE mid-October. Use November–December.
Hauxapfel[4][3]   Germany 1925 A German cider apple. Sugar-acid-ratio 9:1. Flesh; greenish-white, juicy, subacid. Cider PickG late October. Use November–March
Havelgold[133] Germany P: Undine x Auralia. Flesh sharp and aromatic. Cooking Pick October; use December–February
Hawaii 1945 (introduced) Noted for pineapple-like taste. Eating
Hawley[8][9][25][26]   New York, US <1855 Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh whitish, tender, juicy, subacid, very good. Tree vigorous, bears annually. Susceptible to scab. Eating Pick September; use September
Hawthornden(cs. Hawthorndenské)[12][24][33]   Scotland c. 1780 Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in). Cells oblate or obovate, abaxile. Flesh white, crisp, tender, juicy. VitC 16. Cooking PickE mid-September. Use October–November
Hector Macdonald[13]   Berkshire, England Introduced 1906 Pale yellowish-green. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Flesh very crisp, juicy, acid. AM from RHS in 1904. Cooking PickE mid–late September. Use October–February
Helios[3][19]   Müncheberg/Mark, Germany Introduced 1969. A yellow apple striped with red. P Oldenburg x unknown. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in), weight 115 g (4.1 oz). Stalk 20–30 mm (0.79–1.18 in). Flesh;aromatic, subacid. Cooking, eating PickG early August; use August
Hendrick Sweet see Sweet Winesap
Herefordshire Beefing[6][12] Herefordshire, England <1800 A yellow apple with red flush. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk short. Cells obovate, axile, closed. Flesh greenish white, subacid. PickE early October; use November–January
Herefordshire Pearmain (a.k.a. Royal Pearmain, Old Pearmain)[9][11][8][12][57][27]   Possibly England <1800 Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in). Cells roundish obovate, axile, closed. Flesh vinous, crisp, juicy spicy, aromatic, subacid, very good. Eating, cooking Use December–February
Herefordshire Russet

 

Kent, England 2002 Cox's Orange Pippin x Idared. Rich, aromatic flavour. Crops well. Eating Pick early October; stores until January
Herma[3]   Germany Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 71 mm (2.8 in), weight 250 g (8.8 oz). Stalk 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in). Cooking, eating PickE late October. PickG mid–late October; use December–March
Herrings Pippin (a.k.a. Herring's Seedling)[6][134][52][30][13][29]   Lincolnshire, England 1908, introduced 1917 Large round conical, rather ribbed, greenish yellow with red flush and stripes. Flesh pale yellow with spicy aromatic flavour. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 68–76 mm (2.7–3.0 in). Stalk 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in). P Cox Orange x Cellini. AM from RHS in 1920. Eating, cooking PickE early September; use September–November
Herrnhut (a.k.a. Schöner von Herrnhut)[19][3]   Saxonia, Germany 1880 A greenish yellow apple with red flush. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in), weight 95 g (3.4 oz). Stalk 15–25 mm (0.59–0.98 in). Flesh; soft, juicy, subacid. Density 0.65 Cooking, eating PickE mid-September. PickG mid-September; use October–December
Herzogin Olga[27]   Germany <1860 Width 72–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in), height 61–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in). Stalk 27 mm (1.1 in). Cooking, eating Pick late August; use September
Heta[37] Finland Introduced 1996 A red apple roundish to conical. P Lobo x Huvitus. Eating Pick late September
Heusgen's Golden Reinette (a.k.a. Peter Heusgen's Gold-Reinette)[6]   Germany 1877 A yellow apple with red flush. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk medium. Flesh yellow, crisp, subacid. Eating, cooking PickE early October; use December–March
Heyer 12[10] Saskatchewan, Canada Introduced c. 1940 A greenish yellow apple. Very cold-tolerant. Flesh juicy, acid. Eating Use mid-August–October
Hibernal[25][26]   Russia <1870 Fruit large, oblate-conic, yellow with red flush. Tree vigorous. Flesh yellow, firm, coarse, juicy, subacid, fair to good. TRI PickE early September. Use September–January
Hiester (a.k.a. Heaster, Heister)[8]   Pennsylvania, US <1875 Flesh white, crisp, juicy, subacid, good. Tree vigorous, productive. Eating Use November–March
Higby Sweet (a.k.a. Lady Blush)[8]   US <1875 Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh white, tender, juicy, sweet, very good to best. Tree early and good bearer. Eating Use November–January
High Canons[13] England Introduced 1887 Yellow with red flush. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). FCC from RHS in 1884. Flesh extremely crisp, acid, cooking well. Cooking Use until April
Hightop Sweet[135][136] Plymouth, Massachusetts, US >1640 Frog green-yellow skin with an occasional pink blush. Ribbed. May have some tiny white spots on the skin. Eating, cooking
High View Pippin[6][29]   Weybridge, Surrey, England 1911 Small to medium-sized apple. Award of Merit from RHS in 1928. Eating PickE mid-October. Use November–March
Hildesheimer Goldrenette[14][31]   Lower Saxony, Germany <1889 A green apple with red flush. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh whitish-yellow, juicy, subacid. Quality is good for eating. Eating, drying Pick October; use December–March
Himmelstalund[24]   Sweden <1870 Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Flesh juicy, aromatic. Eating Use October–November
Histon Favourite (a.k.a. Chiver's Seedling)[6][29] Cambridgeshire, England <1883 Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk variable. Flesh soft, juicy, sweet. Eating, cooking PickE late September; use October–December
Hoadley[26]   US <1894 W 91, H 65. Stalk 22 mm. Flesh white, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Cooking Use September- November
Hoary Morning[6][12][33][27]   Possibly Somerset, England <1819 Yellow with red stripes. Cells obovate, axile. Flesh, white, dry. Cider, cooking, eating PickE mid-September; use October–December
Hog Island Sweet[8][26]   New York, US <1857 Flesh yellow, juicy, crisp, tender, aromatic, very sweet, good to very good. Stalk short. Eating Use September–October
Holiday[137] Ohio, US Introduced 1964 P Macoun x Jonathan. Flesh; crisp, juicy, sweet, vinous. Eating, cooking, baking Pick October 10 (in Ohio). PickE mid-October. Use November–December.
Holland Pippin (a.k.a. Summer Pippin, Pie Apple)[9][8][25][26]   Ontario, Canada or US <1820 Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Seeds sometimes imperfect. Flavor not agreeable for eating. Flesh white, crisp, tender, very juicy, subacid, good to very good. One of the very best kitchen apples. Cooking, pie PickE mid-October. Use October–November
Holland Winter[25][26] A green apple. Width 85 mm (3.3 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Tree vigorous. Flesh white, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid, good. Eating Use December–May
Holstein(a.k.a. Holsteiner Cox)[6][30][138][3]   Germany 1918, introduced 1950 An apple with a Cox-like flavour. Width 67–73 mm (2.6–2.9 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 9–15 mm (0.35–0.59 in). Flesh crisp, juicy, subacid. Eating PickE late September. PickG mid–late October: Pickg September 23–October 7. Use November–January
Honeycrisp[139][43]   Minnesota, US 1960, introduced 1991 Has excellent eating and keeping qualities. Width 83 mm, height 73 mm. Yellow with 47% red overcolor. Very crisp white flesh is slightly tart with a strong honey-like sweetness. Quality varies from apple to apple. Developed by the University of Minnesota and best suited to cool climates. P Haralson x Keepsake. Eating Pick45 September 9. Pick55 August 25.
Honeygold[65]   Minnesota, US Cross made 1935, selected 1947, introduced 1969 P Golden Delicious x Haralson. Flesh crisp, yellow, juicy. Quality excellent. Sweet tasting fruit. Tree has very showy, light pink blossoms in spring. Ripens October 1 in Minnesota. Eating Pick45 September 25. Pick55 September 10. PickE late October. Use November–December.
Hook[26]   US <1880 A yellow apple. Width 91 mm (3.6 in), height 83 mm (3.3 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh white, tender, juicy, mild subacid, aromatic, very good. Eating Use October–November
Hoover (a.k.a. Wattaugah)[8]   South Carolina, US <1850 Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 29 mm (1.1 in). Flesh yellowish, tender, juicy, subacid. Eating Use November–February
Horace[10] Ontario, Canada Selected 1912 P Langford Beauty x unknown. A medium size highly colored, striped apple. Most nearly resembles Fameuse. Use September–November
Hormead Pearmain[6][52][13][12]   Hertfordshire, England <1826 Medium conical, greenish yellow with light brown flush. Flesh crisp, very juicy and pleasant. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Stalk short. Cells roundish, obovate, axile. AM from RHS in 1900. Cooking PickE early October. Use December–May
Horneburger Pfannkuchenapfel[6][3]   Germany Flesh; white, juicy, subacid. Cooking, Eating, Juice. PickG early - mid October. Pickg September 10–30. Use January - March.
Horse (a.k.a. Haas, Yellow Hoss)[8][9]   North Carolina, US <1850 Width 81–83 mm (3.2–3.3 in), height 71–72 mm (2.8–2.8 in). Stalk 21–22 mm (0.83–0.87 in). Flesh yellow, tender, pleasant, subacid. Cooking, drying Use 31 July–1 August
Houblon[6][13]   Berkshire England <1901 P Peasgood Nonsuch x Cox Orange. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk long. Raised by Charles Ross. Award of Merit from RHS in 1901. Eating PickE late September; use October–January
Hounslow Wonder[29]   England <1910 Orange-yellow with scarlet flush and stripes. Stalk short. AM from RHS in 1910. Eating PickE mid-September. Use September–October
Howgate Wonder[6] agm[140][30][29]   Isle of Wight, England 1960 Makes a lot of juice. Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Flesh creamy-white, firm. P Annie Elizabeth x Peasgood Nonsuch. Cooking PickE early October; use October to March
Hubbard's Pearmain[11][12]   Norfolk, England <1800 One of the richest flavoured dessert apples. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Cells obovate, axile. Eating PickE early to mid-October. Use November–April
Hubbardston Nonsuch (a.k.a. John May, Hubbardston, Old Town Pippin, fr. Non-pareille de Hubbardston)[70][9][26][25][141][27][33]   Massachusetts, US <1860 Width 78–86 mm (3.1–3.4 in), height 70–77 mm (2.8–3.0 in). Stalk 17–28 mm (0.67–1.10 in). Flesh yellow juicy. Eating PickE mid-October. Use October–January
Humboldt[10] California, US Introduced 1944 P Transcedent x unknown.
Hunt's Duke of Gloucester[11]   Gloucestershire, England c. 1820 A desert apple of first rate quality Eating PickE mid-September. Use December–February
Hunt's Early[13][29]   England c. 1800 Yellow with brown-red flush. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 46 mm (1.8 in). P Margaret x Reinette de Hollande. Flesh soft, pale yellow, good. Eating Pick mid-August. Use August.

I edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Idagold[10]   Idaho, US Introduced 1944 P Esopus Spitzenburg x Wagener. Eating PickE mid-October. Use January–March.
Idajon[10][7]   Idaho, US Selected 1936, Introduced 1949 P Wagener x Jonathan. Ripens 10 days before Jonathan. Cold storage3-4oC 120 days. Eating PickE late October. Use December–January.
Idared[6] agm[142][3][30][7]   Moscow, Idaho, US Selected 1935, introduced 1942 A medium-sized deep red apple. Crisp white flesh is tart and juicy, and can be somewhat bland if eaten out of hand, however, Idared is an exceptional cooking apple. Flesh keeps is shape, and the flavour becomes much stronger with cooking. An excellent keeping apple, Idared remains hardy and durable in proper storage for as long as 8 months. Idared is a cross between Jonathan and Wagener developed at the University of Idaho. Width 65–90 mm (2.6–3.5 in), height 50–75 mm (2.0–3.0 in), weight 150–180 g (5.3–6.3 oz). Stalk 18–30 mm (0.71–1.18 in). Prone to canker, scab, very prone to mildew. Cold storage 2-3oC 180 days. Density 0.79 Cooking, eating Pick45 October 4. Pick55 September 20. PickE mid-October. PickG late October. Pickg October 1–25. Use December–April
Imperatriz[17] Brazil Introduced 1997 P Gala x Mollie's Delicious. Flesh sweet, subacid. Eating
Improved Blaxtayman 201.[10] Washington, US Introduced 1944 Mutation of Stayman Winesap
Indo[5]   Japan <1930 Flesh greenis-yellow, sweet, very firm. Eating PickE mid to late October. Use January - March.
Ingol[4][3][7]   Germany 1954 A red apple. Weight 184 g (6.5 oz). P Ingrid Marie x Golden Delicious. Cold storage 1oC 120 days. Eating PickG late September–early October. PickE early October. Pickg September 23–October 7. Use October–January
Ingrid Marie[6][3][24][31][7]   Flemlöse, Denmark 1910, introduced 1936. A medium size (90–180 g (3.2–6.3 oz)) red apple. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 12–25 mm (0.47–0.98 in). P Cox Orange x Cox Pomona. Flesh: juicy, subacid. The most popular eating apple in Sweden. Cold storage 4oC 100 days. Density 0.80 Eating PickE late September.Pickg September 15–30. Use November–February
Irish Peach[6][12][23][30]   Kilkenny, Ireland 19th century Excellent for baking. Early harvest. Width 61–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in), height 48–55 mm (1.9–2.2 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in).Cells obovate, axile, open. More difficult to find within land of origin due to primary use for export to UK. Hardy, tastes very good straight off tree. Cooking, eating PickE mid–late August; use August–September

J edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Jacobs Sweet[25]   Massachusetts, US c. 1860 A round yellow apple. Flesh yellow, firm, tender, crisp, juicy, aromatic, very sweet, good. Eating Use October–April
Jakob Fischer[4][3]   Germany 1903 A yellow apple with red flush. Flesh; juicy, subacid. Eating PickG September; use September–October
Jakob Lebel (cs. Lebelovo, fr. Jacques Lebel)[3][23][95][33][27][7]   Amiens, France 1825, introduced 1849. A very large apple. Width 82–94 mm (3.2–3.7 in), height 63–73 mm (2.5–2.9 in). Weight 185 g (6.5 oz). Stalk 10–25 mm (0.39–0.98 in). Flesh; soft, juicy, subacid to acid. Cold storage 2oC 150 days. VitC 8. Density 0.81 TRI Cooking, juice PickG mid-September; use October–December.
Jamba[3][7]   Germany 1954. Introduced 1969. Flesh; aromatic, juicy, subacid. Cold storage 4oC 60 days. Eating PickE early September. PickG mid-August–early September. Pickg August 23–September 7. Use August–October.
James Grieve[6] agm[143][23][3][30][7]   Edinburgh, Scotland 1893 Good taste, but poor keeper (bruises easily). Width 70–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in), height 60–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in). Weight 140 g (4.9 oz). Stalk 15–33 mm (0.59–1.30 in). AM from RHS in 1897. FCC from RHS in 1906. Prone to scab, canker, resistant to mildew. Flesh; soft, juicy, aromatic, subacid to sweet. Cold storage 4oC 60 days. VitC 7. Density 0.76 Cooking, eating PickE early September. Pickg August 25–September 7. Use September–October
Jaspi[37] Finland Introduced 1980 A red apple. P Lobo x Huvitus. Flesh sweet, subacid, aromatic, good. Eating Pick September; use September–October
Jaune[32][33] Montfort, Sarthe, France <1860 A yellow apple. Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in). Stalk 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in). Use January–May
Jazz (Scifresh)[118]   New Zealand Cross made 1985, introduced 2007 Bright red round apple with subtle yellow under-striping. Tart to sweet, dense and very crunchy with effervescent texture. From sweet Royal Gala × firm, tart Braeburn. Widely sold commercially in the UK. Eating Pick 1 week before Braeburn
Jefferies[8][9][25][26]   Pennsylvania, US <1849 Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 53–57 mm (2.1–2.2 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh yellowish-white, juicy, crisp, tender, subacid, aromatic, very good. DBH 116. Eating Pick50 September 1. PickE mid-September. Use September–December.
Jerseymac[3][144][7] New Jersey, US Cross made 1956, selected 1961, introduced 1971. A green apple flushed with red (50–75%). Width 70–73 mm (2.8–2.9 in). Flesh; juicy, aromatic, subacid. Cold storage 3-4oC 90 days. Eating PickG mid-August. Use August.
Jersey Sweet[8][9][25][26]   US <1820 Width 72–90 mm (2.8–3.5 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 13–17 mm (0.51–0.67 in). Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, aromatic, very sweet, good to very good. Baking Use August–October
Jewett Red[25][26]   New Hampshire, US <1850 Yellow with red flush. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, aromatic, mild subacid, good to very good. Eating Use October–February
John Standish[6][30]   Berkshire, England Raised 1873, introduced 1921 Yellow-white flat-round apple, 50–75% flushed. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 54–57 mm (2.1–2.2 in). Stalk 15–23 mm (0.59–0.91 in). AM from RHS in 1922. Eating Pick mid-October; use December–February
Jonadel[7]   Iowa, US Raised 1923, introduced 1958 Parentage Jonathan x Red Delicious. Cold storage 2oC 150 days. Eating
Jonafree (a.k.a. Co-op 22)[145]   Urbana, Illinois, US Selected 1972, introduced 1979 Flesh yellow, fine grained, crisp, juicy. Tree is vigorous. Width 63–76 mm (2.5–3.0 in), height 55–70 mm (2.2–2.8 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). P: (14-644 x Jonathan) x (Gallia Beauty x Red Spy). Eating Pick45 September 10. Pick55 September 1. Use September–October.
Jonagold[6] agm[146][3][17][147][7]   Geneva, New York, US cross made 1953, first fruited 1953, introduced 1968 P Golden Delicious x Jonathan. Popular in Europe and land of origin. Width 60–90 mm (2.4–3.5 in), height 60–85 mm (2.4–3.3 in). Weight 150–200 g (5.3–7.1 oz). Stalk 15–35 mm (0.59–1.38 in). Several highly coloured strains are available. Widely sold commercially in the United Kingdom. Cold storage 0-1oC 90 days. Density 0.82 TRI Eating, cooking Pick45 October 4. Pick55 September 15. Pickg September 23 –October 15. Use October–March.
Jonagrimes[10] Indiana, US Introduced 1920s. P unknown. A yellow apple streaked with red. Eating, cooking Ripens two weeks ahead of Jonathan.
Jonamac[17] Geneva, New York, US 1972 P McIntosh x Jonathan. Eating Pick45 September 15. Pick55 August 26.
Jonared[10]   Washington, US Discovered 1930. Introduced 1934 Mutation of Jonathan.
Jonathan (cs. Jonathan, Džóetn, ru. Djonathan)[9][30][23][26][125][31][12][25][27][16]   Kingston, New York, US 1820s Tart taste. Mostly red apple with patches of lime green. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 58–61 mm (2.3–2.4 in). Weight 95–110 g (3.4–3.9 oz). Stalk 8–18 mm (0.31–0.71 in). Cells obovate, axile, slit. VitC 9-25. Density 0.77 Does well in cooler areas; some frost resistance. DBH 139–145. Cooking (pie), eating Pick45 September 15. Pick55 September 5. PickE early October. Pickg September 23–October 15. Use November–April.
Jonwin[10] California, US Introduced 1944 P Jonathan x Baldwin. Pick early October; use November–April
Joybells[6]   Surrey, England 1914 Pale yellow, 25–75% flushed red. Flesh crisp, juicy and sweet, with pleasant flavour. AGM from RHS in 1922. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk variable. Eating Pick late September; use October–March
Joyce[107] Ottawa, Canada Raised 1898, selected 1912, introduced 1924. A green apple with red overcolor. Width 64–81 mm (2.5–3.2 in), height 56–69 mm (2.2–2.7 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh: white, soft, sweet. DBH 107 Eating Pick50 August 21.
Jubilee[10] B.C. Canada Introduced 1939 P McIntosh x Grimes Golden. Flesh cream-colored, firm, crisp, juicy. Pick 3 weeks later than McIntosh. Use until February.
Judson[26]   Iowa, US <1899 Greenish yellow with red flush. Width 99 mm (3.9 in), height 85 mm (3.3 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh white, firm, crisp, juicy, fair to good. Eating Use October–December
Juliet[148] Illinois, US Cross made 1970, selected 1977 A green apple with red overcolor (60–90%). Width 64–76 mm (2.5–3.0 in), height 56–67 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Stalk 20–23 mm (0.79–0.91 in). Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, fruity, subacid. SS 14.7 Eating, cooking Pick: 2–3 weeks after Delicious.
Julita Gylling[28]   Sweden Yellow with red flush. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 10–30 mm (0.39–1.18 in). Cooking, eating Pick September; use October–December
Julyred[3]   New Jersey, US Introduced 1962 Width 62–70 mm, height 53–61 mm. Stalk 24 mm. Flesh white, soft, juicy, subacid. Eating PickG late July - early August.
Junaluska North Carolina, US c. 1815 Once thought to be extinct but rediscovered in 2001 in rural North Carolina. Native American origin. Named for Cherokee chief Junaluska, leader in Battle of Horseshoe Bend, believed to have planted original tree. Extremely russeted and ugly apple but very hardy tree with superior taste to commercial varieties. Cooking, cider, eating
Junami (a.k.a. Diwa, Milwa)   Switzerland c. 2010 A cross between Idared and Maigold with Elstar. Beautifully round, fresh and fruity taste with a crunchy bite. Cooking, eating
June Wealthy[10] Ohio, US Introduced 1947 P Wealthy x unknown. A dark red apple. Ripens with Yellow Transparent.
Juno[3][19] Müncheberg/Mark, Germany Introduced 1971 A yellow to green apple with red overcolor. Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in), weight 190 g (6.7 oz). Stalk 15–22 mm (0.59–0.87 in). Flesh, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Density 0.83 Eating, cooking, juice Pick October; use January–May
Junost[37] Russia 1938 A yellow apple. P Gulkanel x Transparante Blanche. Flesh juicy, sweet, good. Eating, cooking Pick September
Jupiter agm[149][42]   England raised 1966, introduced 1981 A large, round, slightly conic apple. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Light yellow-green skin with a red-orange blush and stripes. Strong apple flavour is well-balanced between sweet and sharp. Cross of Cox's Orange Pippin and Starking Delicious (a red sport of Delicious), apple retains Cox's flavour, but tree is easier to grow. TRI. Eating PickE early October. Use October–January.

K edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Kaighn(a.k.a. Kaighn Spitzenburg)[9][26][8]   Gloucester County, New Jersey, US <1830 Flesh yellow, juicy, tender. Tree vigorous. Cooking, Drying Use November- January
Kaiser Wilhelm[3][95][7]   Germany 1864 A large apple width 94 mm, height 80 mm,(170 g (6.0 oz)). Stalk 18 mm. Harberts Reinette x unknown. Flesh; dry subacid. Cold storage 2oC 180 days. VitC 15. Density 0.77 Eating, cooking PickE early October. PickG mid October. Use November–March
Kalemčica[18] Montenegro A green apple. Russet in stalk cavity. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in), weight 76 g (2.7 oz). Stalk short to medium. Flesh cream colored, juicy, sweet. Disease resistant. Eating, cooking, cider Pick September; use September–March
Kalmar Glasäpple[23]   Sweden 18th century[150] The body is light yellow, and the taste is a mix of acidity and sweetness. Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 8–15 mm (0.31–0.59 in). Harvesting may begin in early October and it is typically fully ripe in early December. Cooking, eating
Kalterer Böhmer(ru. Kalteter Böhmer, Mantuanskoe, Nariadnoe, Zimnee raspisnoe)[14][16][7]   South Tyrolean, Austria <1900 A yellow apple with red flush (75%). Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Flesh, white, subacid, aromatic, good. Cold storage 2oC 180 days. Eating, cooking Pick October; use November–February
Kanzi (Nicoter)   Belgium 1991 Gala × Braeburn. Crunchy, juicy, sweet, slightly tangier than Gala. Eating
Karapash[18] Albania Yellow to green with red stripes. Width 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), weight 110–150 g (3.9–5.3 oz). Stalk short to medium. Flesh white, juicy, sweet, subacid, aromatic. Sensitive to apple scab. Eating Pick late October
Kardinal Bea[4][3]   Germany 1930 A German cider apple. Sugar-acid-ratio 15:1. Flesh; greenish-white, juicy, subacid. Cider, juice PickG early October; use October–February
Karmeliter Renette (see Reinette de Carmes)
Karmijn de Sonnaville (a.k.a. Karminj)[3][42][7]   Wageningen, Netherlands Cross made 1949, introduced 1971 Yellow ground colour when ripe, with red flush, and russet depending on the season. Large apple, though shape can be irregular. Cold storage 4oC 90 days. TRI Cooking, juice, eating PickE early October. PickG early–mid-October. Pickg September 23–October 7. Use October–December.
Kasseler Renette (see Dutch Mignonne)
Katy (apple) (a.k.a. Katja)[30][151]   Balsgård, Fjälkestad, Sweden Cross made 1947, selected 1955, introduced 1966. Early eating apple with red skin and pale cream flesh. Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 21 mm (0.83 in). Well suited to Northern European climate. Eating PickE early September; use September–early October
Kavlås[24][23]   Sweden <1820 Width 80–87 mm (3.1–3.4 in), height 70–79 mm (2.8–3.1 in). Stalk 20–30 mm (0.79–1.18 in). Flesh juicy, sweet, subacid, good. Eating Pick early October; use October–December
Kendall[10] Geneva, New York Introduced 1932 Large, dark red. P McIntosh x Zusoff Eating PickE early October.
Keepsake[152][42] Minnesota, US Cross made 1936, selected 1947, introduced 1978 A green apple with red overcolor. Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Flesh: light yellow, hard crisp, juicy, sweet, aromatic, good. DBH 155–170. Eating, pie
Kent (see Malling Kent)
Kentucky Long Stem[8]   Kentucky, US <1850 Flesh greenish white, sweet, subacid. Eating Use December–March
Kerry Pippin[6][36][12] County Antrim, Ireland c. 1805 Pale to golden yellow flesh. Delightful spicy taste. Well suited to Ireland's moist, cool climate. Width 54–60 mm (2.1–2.4 in), height 44–56 mm (1.7–2.2 in). Stalk 15–26 mm (0.59–1.02 in). Cells round to obovate, axile. Eating PickE late August; use August–September. Denmark pick mid-September, use October–November.
Keswick Codlin (a.k.a. Keswick)[6][30][26][9][12]   England Introduced 1790 A yellow apple. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 9 mm (0.35 in). Cells ovate, abaxile. Flesh yellowish white, soft, acid. Cooking PickE mid–late August; use August–October
Kidd's Orange Red[6] agm[153][3][7] New Zealand 1924 Cox's Orange Pippin × Delicious. Yellow skin with orange red flush. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Chewy rather than crunchy. Flesh; crisp, juicy, aromatic. Cold storage 4oC 90 days. Eating PickE mid-October. PickG late September–early October. Use November–January.
Kim[24]   Sweden 1955 Yellow apple with red overcolour. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). P Cortland x Ingrid Marie. Eating, cooking PickE late September; use October–March
King Albert[29]   England <1936 Large yellow striped with scarlet. Stalk short. Cooking
King David[29][25]   Arkansas, US 1893. Introduced 1902 Yellow with red stripes. P Jonathan x Winesap. Cooking, eating PickE mid-October. Use October–November
King Georg V[6][29]   Isle of Wight, England 1898 P Cox Orange x unknown. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk variable. AM from RHS in 1927. Flesh white, crisp, juicy, subacid with pineapple flavour. Eating PickE mid-October; use November–March
King Harry[13][29] England <1892 Pale yellow with russet. Oval-conical. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Flesh firm, yellow, good. AM from RHS in 1892. Cooking Use October–November
King of the Pippins (cs. Parména zlata, de. Winter Goldparmäne, fr. Reine des Reinettes, pl. Królowa renet, ru. Zolotoi parmen, Zimnii zoltoi parmen)[6] agm[154][3][32][15][33][16]   France <1800 Suitable for more northerly (southerly in the Southern Hemisphere) areas with higher rainfall. Width 67–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 57–66 mm (2.2–2.6 in), weight 110 g (3.9 oz). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). VitC 18–20. Density 0.84 Eating, cooking, cider PickG mid-September–early October. PickE early October. Pickg September 15–30. Use October–February
King of Tomkins County (a.k.a. King Apple, Toms Red, Tommy Red)[8][9][6][12][13]   New Jersey, US <1804 Width 74–87 mm (2.9–3.4 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in). Stalk 19–22 mm (0.75–0.87 in). Cells obovate abaxile. Flesh juicy, tender, vinous, aromatic. AM from RHS in 1900. Triploid. Eating PickE mid-October. Use December–March
King Russet agm[155] United Kingdom Russetted form of King of the Pippins Eating
King's Acre Bountiful[13]   Herefordshire, England <1904 Creamy white. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk short. AM from RHS in 1904. Tree very fertile. Cooking PickE early September. Use October–November
King's Acre Pippin[6][30]   England 1897 P Sturmer Pippin x Ribston. Width 73–82 mm (2.9–3.2 in), height 67–72 mm (2.6–2.8 in). AM from RHS in 1897. Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh white, juicy, aromatic. Eating PickE mid-October; use December–March
Kingston Black agm[156]   Small yellow fruits, heavily flushed with deep red. Does not bear or store well. Fruits November Cider
Kissabel Rouge[82]   Seiches sur le Loir, France cross made 2006 Width 78 mm. Resistant to scab. Eating ripens with Braeburn
Kleiner Fleiner[27]   Württemberg, Germany <1794 A yellow conical apple with red overcolor. Width 56–67 mm., height 53–68 mm. Stalk 10 mm. Flesh, juicy, subacid. Eating, Cooking Pick October. Use November - March.
Klockhammarsäpple[24] Sweden <1860 A small yellow apple with red stripes. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). Eating, cooking
Knobby Russet (a.k.a. Knobbed Russet; Old Maid's Winter Apple)[11]   Sussex, England 1819 Green and yellow, with rough and black russet. Unusually irregular, warty and knobbly surface. Cider, eating PickE mid-October. Use December–March
Konfetnoje (a.k.a. Konfetnaja)[37] Russia A yellow apple with some red stripes. P Papirova x Korobovka. Flesh has a pear-like aroma. Eating Pick mid–late August
Konsta[37] Finland Introduced 1997 A red apple. P Lobo x Antonovka. Flesh white, subacid, aromatic. Eating, cooking Pick mid-October
Koritschnevoje[37] Russia <1850 A yellow apple with red stripes. Eating Pick September; use September–October
Koritschnevoje Ananásnoje[37] Russia <1840 Medium size round, green with yellow stripes. Cooking, eating Pick September, use September
Kosztela Poland 16th century Eating
Krstovača[18] Montenegro Yellowish green with red flush. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in), weight 180 g (6.3 oz). Stalk medium. Flesh, firm, sweet, juicy. Disease resistant. Eating, cooking Pick October; use October–April
Krupnaja[18] Montenegro A greenish-yellow apple. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in), weight 180 g (6.3 oz). Stalk short to medium. Flesh creamy white, firm, juicy, tasty. Eating, cooking Pick early September; use September–October
Kugelapfel[27]   Germany <1800 A green apple with red overcolor (0-15%). Width 69–98 mm, height 58–75 mm. Stalk 21 mm. Flesh subacid. Cooking Pick October. Use December - May.
Kuqula (a.k.a. Mollekuqja)[18] Albania A yellow apple with red covering (75%). Width 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in), height 60–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in), weight 80–100 g (2.8–3.5 oz). Flesh yellowish white, subacid, sweet, aromatic. Resistant to Venturia ineaqualis and Codling Moth. A good keeper. Eating Pick early October

L edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Lacker[9]   Pennsylvania, US <1800 Flesh white, juicy, subacid, aromatic. Eating Use January–March
Lady[9][26][25]   France <1800 A small apple. Width 46 mm (1.8 in), height 33 mm (1.3 in). Stalk 5–6 mm (0.20–0.24 in). Flesh white, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, aromatic, mild subacid, good to very good. Eating Use December–May
Lady Alice   Washington, US 1979 Medium-sized, roundish oblate with thin yellow-green skin with an orange blush and bright red stripes. Crisp yellowish-white flesh is sweet with hints of honey and almond. Don Emmons purchased a neglected orchard of Red Delicious near Gleed, Washington, in 1978. While cultivating between trees, a disc from the plow hit the base of a tree. The injury caused a new shoot to grow from the rootstock (likely a seedling grown from a pip). The shoot was allowed to grow and bear fruit which Emmons named for his mother, Alice.[157]
Lady Henniker[6][12][30][13][158]   Thornham Hill, Suffolk, England 1840–1850 Large, oblong, ribbed. Flesh is sweet and spicy, firm, rather coarse textured. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Cells obovate, abaxile. TRI Eating, cooking PickE early October. Use November–January
Lady's Sweet (a.k.a. Pommeroy, Roa Yon)[8][9][25][26]   US <1860 Yellowish-green with red flush. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 14–20 mm (0.55–0.79 in). Flesh crisp, tender, juicy with a delicious perfumed flavor, very good to best. Eating Use December–May
Lady Sudely[6][30][13]   Petworth, England 1849, introduced 1885 A golden yellow apple with 50–100% red flush. Width 67–74 mm (2.6–2.9 in), height 57–67 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Stalk 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in). Flesh creamy white, juicy and subacid. Eating PickE mid-August; Use August–September
Lady Williams[5]   Australia c1935 A green apple with red flush. Width 70–78 mm. Height 65–70 mm. Stalk short. Flesh: firm, crisp Eating Pick November. Use January - May.
Lagatorka[18] Montenegro Yellow with red stripes (90%). Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in), weight 149 g (5.3 oz). Stalk medium. Flesh very juicy, acid, good. Eating Pick early October; Use October–March
Lakeland[10][78] Minnesota, US Introduced 1950 A red apple. P Malinda x Wealthy. Eating PickE early September. Use September–October.
Lamb Abbey Pearmain[12]   Kent, England 1804 A small yellow apple streaked and striped with red. Width 57 mm, height 51 mm. Stalk 6–13 mm. Cells obovate, axile. Flesh: yellowish-white, firm, crisp, very juicy, subacid, rich vinous flavour. Eating Use January–April
Lancaster Greening (a.k.a. Lancaster Pippin)[8]   Pennsylvania, US <1870 A green apple with russet. Flesh yellow, juicy, pleasant, subacid. Eating Use December–May
Landsberger Reinette (a.k.a. Landsberger, cs. Landsberská reneta, fr. Reinette de Landsberg)[6][11][3][26][15][34][33][7]   Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland 1840 An excellent apple for eating or cooking. Width 79–87 mm (3.1–3.4 in), height 64–78 mm (2.5–3.1 in), weight 130 g (4.6 oz). Stalk 14–22 mm (0.55–0.87 in).Cold storage 0oC 150 days. VitC 3–6. Density 0.75 Cooking, eating PickE late September. Pickg September 20–October 15. Use October–January.
Lane's Prince Albert[6][12][13][23][3]agm[159][30][15]   Berkhampstead, Hertfordshire, England 1841, introduced 1857 Green with orange blush. Makes a good apple crumble for Christmas: peak ripening happens in winter. Width 65–97 mm (2.6–3.8 in), height 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in), weight 115–200 g (4.1–7.1 oz). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Cells elliptical, abaxile. Resistant to scab, very prone to mildew, prone to canker. P Russet Nonpareil x Dumelow's Seedling. VitC 13. Cooking PickE early October; use December–March
Langeland[23] Denmark <1800 Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 80 mm (3.1 in). Prone to canker. Eating
Langley Pippin[6][52][13]   Chelsea, Buckinghamshire, England Medium, tall, conical, brightly striped red. Flesh yellowish, soft and well flavoured. P Cox Orange x Gladstone. Eating Use August
Lansingburgh[9]   Possibly Ohio, US <1810 Flesh firm, subacid. Cooking, eating Use November–May
Large Bough (see Sweet Bough)
Late Strawberry (a.k.a. Autumn Strawberry)[8][25][26][9]   Aurora, New York, US <1848 Whitish with red flush. Width 73–79 mm (2.9–3.1 in), height 63–69 mm (2.5–2.7 in). Stalk 22–24 mm (0.87–0.94 in). Flesh, yellow, fine, crisp juicy, vinous, subacid, very good. Eating Use October–December
Lawver[8][26][25]   Possibly Kansas, US <1850 Width 61 mm (2.4 in), height 46 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Biennial. Flesh white, firm, crisp, aromatic, subacid. Stalk medium. Eating Use January–May
Laxton's Advance (see Advance)
Laxton's Early Crimson[52][30]   Bedfordshire, England Raised 1908. Introduced 1931. Width 51–67 mm (2.0–2.6 in), height 51–63 mm (2.0–2.5 in). Stalk 17–21 mm (0.67–0.83 in). A green apple flushed with brownish purple. Flesh very sweet, little acidity. P Worcester Pearmain x Gladstone [es]. Eating PickE early August; use August
Laxton's Epicure agm[160][30] Bedfordshire, United Kingdom 1909 Aromatic sweet fruit, tendency to biennial habit, bruises easily. Width 58–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in), height 49–54 mm (1.9–2.1 in). Stalk 30–35 mm (1.2–1.4 in). Yellow flesh with streaks of red and orange. Eating Pick late August; use August–September
Laxton's Exquisite (see Exquisite)
Laxton's Favourite[52]   Bedfordshire, England Raised 1925, introduced 1951. Sweet crisp, juicy flesh. A yellow apple totally flushed and streaked with orange red. Eating Pick late August; use September–October
Laxton's Fortune (see Fortune)
Laxton's Herald[5]   Bedfordshire, England 1906 Yellow skinned flushed almost completely with red stripes. Eating PickE late August; use September.
Laxton's Imperial[29] England 1907, introduced 1926 or 1928 Yellow with red flush. P Cox Orange x Allington. Eating
Laxton's Leader[29]   Bedfordshire, England 1905 A small apple. Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 46 mm (1.8 in). P Gladstone x Worcester Pearmain. Eating PickE early August; use August
Laxton's Pearmain[29][161]   Bedfordshire, England 1897, introduced 1922 Cellini x Cox Orange Pippin. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). AM from RHS in 1922. Raised by Laxton brothers. Eating PickE mid-October. Use October–January.
Laxton's Peerless[5]   Bedfordshire, England 1900, introduced 1922 A large yellow skinned apple with scattered russet. AM from RHS in 1920. Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Flesh crisp, acid. Prone to bitter pit. Eating PickE mid-September; use September–November
Laxton's Pioneer[5] Bedfordshire, England 1934 Large yellow apple almost completely covered with ared flush and stripes. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Eating Pick late September; use October–November
Laxton's Rearguard[5]   Bedfordshire, England Raised 1907 A greenish yellow apple with orange red blush. Width 53 mm. Height 43 mm. Stalk 20 mm. Flesh: greenish-white, firm, crisp, sweet-sharp, slightly aromatic, flavour. Eating PickE early October. Use November–January.
Laxton's Royalty[29]   Bedfordshire, England Raised 1908, introduced 1932. Yellow with red flush. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). Cox-like aroma. Flesh sweet and juicy. P Cox Orange x Court Pendu Plat. Eating PickE late October. Use January–March.
Laxton's Superb[6][3][15][7]   Bedfordshire, England Raised 1897, introduced 1922 P: Cellini x Cox's Orange Pippin. AM from RHS in 1919. FCC from RHS in 1921. Classic old Victorian British apple. Green with dull red flush. Firm texture, but not very good juice producer. Prone to scab. Biennial. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in), weight 105 g (3.7 oz). Stalk 10–30 mm (0.39–1.18 in). Cold storage 2oC 150 days. VitC 5. Density 0.80 Eating Pickg October 1–15. Use October–March
Laxton's Triumph[29][5]   Bedfordshire, England Raised 1902. Introduced 1930. Yellow with red flush. Width 60 mm (2.4 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in). P King of the Pippins x Cox Orange. Flesh aromatic, sharp. Particularly attractive blossom. Eating PickE late October; use November–January
Laxton's Victory[5] Bedfordshire, England 1926 A yellow apple with brown flush. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Flesh sweet and aromatic. Eating PickE early September; use September–October
Lemoenappel[15] Lunteren, Netherlands 1885. Introduced 1899. A yellow apple with orange flush. Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 78 mm (3.1 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Use November–January
Lemon Pippin[6][11]   England or France <1744 A medium-sized apple. Flesh: firm, crisp, and briskly flavoured. A small tree. Cooking, eating PickE early October. Use October–December.
Lentsche Roode[15] Possibly the Netherlands A yellow apple with red flush (60–90%). Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). Use October–November.
Lewis Incomparable[6][12] England <1800 Greenish yellow with 25–75% orange-red flush. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk short. Cells obovate, axile. Flesh greenish-white, dry, subacid. Cooking, eating, pie Pick early October; use December–February
Liberty[162]   New York First fruited 1961, introduced 1978 A greenish-yellow apple, red striped. Very disease-resistant. P: PRI 54-12 x Macoun. Flesh nearly white, crisp, juicy, coarse. Very similar appearance to McIntosh, relatively short storage life in air. Ripens 4 days before Delicious. Eating Pick45 September 20. Pick 55 September 5. Use October–December.
Limbertwig[9][57]   Virginia, US <1800 Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in). Flesh subacid, very juicy, rich, aromatic. Cooking, eating. PickE late October. Use March–April
Limelight   Kent, England 2000 Greensleeves type; abundant cropping and a compact tree. A pale green apple with a smooth finish and occasional pink blush. Crisp flesh and disease resistant tree. Eating
Limonen-Reinette[27]   ? <1820 A yellow apple with red overcolor. Width 66 mm, height 55 mm. Stalk 15 mm. Flesh yellowish, juicy, subacid. Eating Pick October. Use January - June.
Linda[163]   Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Selected 1914. Introduced c. 1935 A large apple. Tree vigorous. Eating
Linsenhofener Renette (a.k.a. Linsenhofer Sämling)[4][3]   Baden-Württemberg, Germany A green apple with red flush. Flesh; yellowish, crisp, juicy, subacid. Cooking, cider, juice. PickG mid-October; use October–March.
Liveland Raspberry (a.k.a. Lowland Raspberry)[81]   Livland Governorate Before 1870 (documented) A white apple with red flush. Flesh very tender, sweet. Eating Pick August
Ljutaĉa (a.k.a. Kiseljaĉa)[18] Montenegro A green apple. Russet in stalk cavity. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in), weight 111 g (3.9 oz). Stalk medium. Flesh creamy green, juicy, subacid. Eating, cooking Pick late October; use December–June
Lobo[6][24][3][7]   Ottawa, Canada 1897. Selected 1906. Introduced 1930 A McIntosh-style apple. P McIntosh x unknown. Yellow with red overclour. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Cold storage 4oC 90 days. Eating PickE mid-September. PickG early–mid-September; use October–March
Loddington[6][49]   Kent, England c. 1820 FCC from RHS in 1877. Width 89 mm (3.5 in), height 79 mm (3.1 in). Stalk short. Flesh, soft, juicy, subacid. Cooking PickE late September; use October–December
Lodgemore Nonpareil (a.k.a. Clissold's Seedling)[11][13]   Lodgemore, Gloucestershire, England 1808 A dessert apple of great excellence. Flesh crisp, greenish, sweet, juicy, very good. Eating PickE early October. Use February–May
Lodi[6]   Ohio, US 1911, introduced 1924 Fruit pale yellow flushed with deeper yellow. P Montgomery x Yellow Transparent. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Resistant to scab. Tangy taste. DBH 80. Eating Pick45 August 1. Pick50 July 27. Pick55 July 10. Use July–August
Lombarts Calville (a.k.a. Lombarts Kalvill)[7][5]   Netherlands Raised 1906, introduced 1911. Width 65–75 mm, height 55–65 mm. Cold storage 3oC 150 days. Eating PickE mid-October. Use November - January.
London Pippin(cs. Londýnske, Londýnský jadernáč, pl. Pepina Londynska, ru. Kalvil korolevskii, Kalvil limonnîi, Peppin Londonskii[27][15][12][16]   England 1580 Yellow with red flush. Width 74–80 mm (2.9–3.1 in), height 53–59 mm (2.1–2.3 in). Stalk 15–18 mm (0.59–0.71 in). Cells round axile.VitC 8. Cooking, eating, cider PickE mid-October; use January–March
London Sweet[8]   Dayton, Ohio, US <1860 A yellow apple. Stalk short. Flesh whitish, juicy, tender, sweet, aromatic, good to very good. Tree vigorous, productive. Eating Use November–February
Longfield[26]   Russia <1870 Width 70–83 mm (2.8–3.3 in), height 67–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in). Stalk 14–22 mm (0.55–0.87 in). Flesh, greenish, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, good to very good. Eating Use September–October
Long Island Russet[8]   Long Island, US <1820 Flesh yellowish, dry, sweet. Cider Use October–February
Long Red Pearmain[26]   US <1860 A medium to large sized yellow apple flushed and striped with red. Flesh subacid, good.
Longstart[12] England 1851 A very excellent culinary apple. Width 51 mm (2.0 in), height 44 mm (1.7 in). Stalk 25 mm (0.98 in). Cooking Use October–December
Lord Burghley[6][11][98][30][12]   England Raised 1834, Introduced 1865 Small yellow with brown crimson flush. Flesh soft, highly aromatic. Width 57–67 mm (2.2–2.6 in), height 44–61 mm (1.7–2.4 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Cells round to obovate, axile. An excellent winter dessert apple. Tree small. Eating PickE mid-October; use January–April
Lord Derby[6][30][13][39][12]   Stockport, Cheshire, England 1862 Yellowish green apple. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 5–6 mm (0.20–0.24 in). Strong ribbing. Cells ovate, abaxile. P Forester x Woodford. Flesh pale yellow, subacid. likes cooler weather. Subject to brown rot. Cooking PickE late September; use November–December
Lord Grosvenor[6][52][30]   England 1872 Large conical, pale creamy yellow, cooks to a white froth. Enormous cropper, must be thinned. Width 74–88 mm (2.9–3.5 in), height 64–82 mm (2.5–3.2 in). Stalk 25–28 mm (0.98–1.10 in). Cooking PickE mid-August; use August–September
Lord Hindlip[6][30][13][49]   Worcestershire, England <1896 Late, high-quality dessert apple for use in December to March. Width 64–73 mm (2.5–2.9 in), height 73–77 mm (2.9–3.0 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Flesh crisp, white, juicy, subacid. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1898. Eating PickE early–mid-October; use December–March
Lord Kitchener[164] England <1900 A green apple with red flush, smaller than Peasgood Nonsuch. P Peasgood Nonsuch x unknown. Eating, cooking, baking
Lord Lambourne[6] agm[165][30][7]   England Raised 1907, introduced 1923 James Grieve apple x Worcester Pearmain. Round shape. Orange flush with hint of russet. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Strong acid flavour. Good for domestic cultivation. Award of Merit from RHS in 1923. Cold storage 3oC 150 days. Eating PickE mid–late September; use September–November
Lord Raglan[12] England An excellent cooking apple. Yellow with red flush. Cooking Use March–April
Lord Suffield[6][27][13][12][166]   Middleton, Lancashire, England c. 1836 A very large grenn cooking apple no flush. Width 76–83 mm (3.0–3.3 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk short–medium. Cells ovate, abaxile. This variety is often subject to canker and rotting on the tree. Cooking PickE mid-August; use August–September
Loudon Pippin[8]   Virginia, US <1870 A large oblate apple, yellow with red flush. Stalk short. Flesh yellowish, tender, juicy, subacid, good to very good. Eating Use December–February
Lowell[9][25][26]   US <1848 Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, subacid, aromatic, good to very good. Eating, cooking, drying Use August–September
Lowland Raspberry see Liveland Raspberry
Lucombe's Seedling[12] Exeter, England 1831 A culinary apple of first rate quality. Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in). Stalk short and thick. Cells round axile. Flesh white, juicy, pleasantly flovoured. Cooking PickE mid-September. Use October–January
Luiken (a.k.a. Luikenapfel, Ludwig, Ludwigsapfel)[4][14][31][33]   Germany or France <1823 A yellow apple with red flush. Width 55 mm (2.2 in), height 48–50 mm (1.9–2.0 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). C 12. Flesh white, juicy. Cooking Pick September; use September–December.
Luisenapfel (a.k.a. Prinzessin Luise)[3] Canada 1860 Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in), weight 110–200 g (3.9–7.1 oz). Stalk 15–22 mm (0.59–0.87 in). Cooking, eating Pick October; use October–January
Lujanca[18] Moldova Yellow with purple to red stripes (90%). Flesh firm juicy, subacid. Biennial. Thinning is necessary. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 74 mm (2.9 in), weight 75–90 mm (3.0–3.5 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Disease resistant. Eating, cooking Pick late September; use October–December
Lundbytorp[64]   Denmark c. 1900 A green apple with red overcolour. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in) Eating PickE mid-October. Use November–January.
Lunow[3]   Germany 1920 Green apple with red flush. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in), weight 115 g (4.1 oz). Flesh; crisp, subacid to acid. Density 0.85. Biennal Cooking Picking October; use January–April
Lunterse Pippeling[15]   Lunteren, Netherlands Introduced c. 1900 A green apple with russet. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 37 mm (1.5 in). Use January–March
Luxemburger Reinette (a.k.a. Reinette des Vergers)[27]   <1850 A green apple with red flush. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). TRI Eating, cooking Use February–July
Lynn[118] Washington, US Selected 1999 A yellow apple with pink-red overcolor (20–80%). P unknown. Flesh: creamy-white, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid. Eating Pick 5 days after Delicious

M edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Maayan[17] Israel Introduced 1967 P (Calville St. Sauver x Damascus) x Delicious. Flesh juicy, sweet, acid. Eating
Mabbott's Pearmain[6][12]   Maidstone, England 1883 Yellow with red flush. Width 56 mm (2.2 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk very slender. Flesh juicy, sweet, highly flavoured. Eating Use October–December
MacExcel[167] Canada Cross made 1971, selected 1992. A greenish-yellow apple with pinkish red flush. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Weight 121 g (4.3 oz). Stalk short to medium. Flesh is creamy-white, firm, crisp, juicy. SS 12.4. Eating Pick 2 week before McIntosh.
Macfree[168] Trenton, Ontario, Canada Cross made 1953, selected 1963, introduced 1974 A greenish-yellow apple with 75% red flush. Flesh is white, juicy, coarse, tough. Eating Pick55 September 12. Ripens second week of October in Trenton, Ontario.
Maclean's Favourite[12] Colchester, England 1820 A very excellent dessert apple. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 49 mm (1.9 in). Pick early October; use October–January
Macoun[3][7]   Geneva, New York 1909/1923 Cold-tolerant. Crunchy. P McIntosh x Jersey Black. Does very well in salads. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in), weight 100–160 g (3.5–5.6 oz). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). Cold storage 4oC 120 days. Eating Pick50 September 30
Madresfield Court[6]   England <1915 AM from RHS in 1915. Tree is a shy cropper. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 81 mm (3.2 in). Stalk medium. Flesh is greenish-white, juicy, sweet, aromatic. Eating Pick late September; use October–December
Maglemer[23][34][64]   Lolland, Denmark <1810 Greenish-yellow with red stripes(25% overcolor). Width 55–62 mm (2.2–2.4 in), height 48–58 mm (1.9–2.3 in). Stalk 14 mm. Eating Pick late September; use November–January
Magog[26]   Vermont US <1876 Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). Flesh is firm, juicy, aromatic, subacid, good. Eating Use October–January
Maiden's Blush[56][26][25][9][57]   Burlington, New Jersey, US <1817 Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). A thin-skinned, flattened apple. Pale yellow-green skin has a telltale crimson blush on the side that faced the sun. Flesh is white, crisp, very juicy, subacid, good. Susceptible to scab. Heavy annual bearer. Good cooker. The fruit ripens over a period of several weeks, and reguires two or three pickings. Excellent variety for drying because the flesh remains white and bright. DBH 124. Cooking, eating Pick50 September 10. Use September–November.
Maidstone Favourite[6][52][13]   Kent, England <1913 Flat, even, most delightfully striped with carmine. P Alexander x Beauty of Bath. Flesh crisp, sweet and aromatic. Width 54 mm (2.1 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in). AM from RHS in 1913. Eating Use August - September.
Maigold[3][42][7]   Wädenswil, Switzerland Cross made 1944, introduced 1964. Flesh is cream, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Cold storage 2oC 150 days. Eating PickG mid–late October. Use February–April.
Maikki[37] Finland Introduced 1980 A red apple. P Melba x Huvitus. Flesh white, sweet, subacid, aromatic. Eating Pick late August
Make[37] Finland Introduced 1980 A yellow apple with red flush. Flesh juicy, sweet, subacid. P Atlas x Gul Höstkalville. Eating Pick mid-September
Malinda   Vermont, US 1860 Small, conical with sheep's nose; deep, rich yellow with red spots possible. Dry, dense, substantive flesh; mild, pear-like flavour. Tree good in climates with heavy snowfall. Cooking, eating
Malling Jupiter see Jupiter
Malling Kent[30][5][42][7]   Kent, England Raised 1949, introduced 1974 Parentage Cox's Orange x Jonathan. Width 64–67 mm (2.5–2.6 in), height 58–67 mm (2.3–2.6 in). Good keeping properties. Flesh is crisp, subacid, aromatic. Particularly attractive blossom. Cold storage 3oC 150 days. Eating PickG late October
Malmbergs Gylling[24]   Sweden <1900 Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk short to medium. Flesh juicy, subacid, fair to good. Cooking Pick September; use October–November
Mangum[9]   Southern US <1850 Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, subacid. Eating Use October–November
Manitoba[10] Manitoba, Canada Selected 1925. Introduced 1931 A yellow apple. P Duchess of Oldenburg x unknown. Flesh is white, crisp, juicy, sicy flavor, subacid. Eating Use November–February
Manitoba Spy[10] Manitoba, Canada Selected 1927. Introduced 1931 Large red. P Patten Greening x unknown. Flesh is tender, juicy. Cooking Use November–February
Manks Codlin[23][15][12]   Isle of Man 1815 (first fruited) Pale yellow medium-sized fruit with occasional flush of red (0–20%). Width 55–72 mm (2.2–2.8 in), height 50–72 mm (2.0–2.8 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). Cells obovate abaxile. Hardy. Heavy producing. Cooking Use September–December
Mann[26][25]   New York, US <1872 Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 19 mm (0.75 in). Biennial. Flesh yellowish, juicy, crisp, subacid, fair to good. Eating Use December–April
Mannington's Pearmain[6][98][12]   Sussex, England 1770 Flesh yellow soft juicy. Old dessert apple, of no great merit. Width 67–69 mm (2.6–2.7 in), height 58–66 mm (2.3–2.6 in). Stem long. Cells obovate, axile, open. Eating, cooking Pick early October; use November–March
Mantet[24][7]   Manitoba, Canada Selected 1928. Introduced 1929 Yellow apple with orange overcolour. P Tetofsky x unknown. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Does not do well in warm climates. Cold storage 4oC 40 days. Eating Pick July 20–August 15. Use August
Margaret(a.k.a. Early Red Juneating)[12][57]   England <1800 A red apple with streaks on the sunny side. Width 64 mm, height 58 mm. Flesh geenisk white, brisk, juicy. Cells roundish, ovate or obovate, axile, closed. Tree small. Eating Pick early August.
Margaret Pratt[10] Ontario, Canada Discovered <1923. Introduced 1938 Nearly resembles Red Astrakan. P unknown. Cooking
Margil (a.k.a. Fail-me-never, Never-fail, Small Ribston, de. Muskat-Reinette, Muskaten-Reinette, fr. Reinette Musquée)[30][6][12][27][169]   England <1750 Highly flavoured apple held in very high esteem by connoisseurs. Width 54–66 mm (2.1–2.6 in), height 51–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in). Stalk 13–18 mm (0.51–0.71 in). Cells roundish ovate, axile. Slightly conical in shape, dull green skin with an orange-red blush, some russeting. The yellow flesh is firm, crisp, sugary, and as pomologist Robert Hogg said, "with a powerful and delicious aromatic flavour." The very small tree is weak and slender and bears light crops. Because it flowers early, it is susceptible to frost damage. It keeps well. Introduced to Brompton Park Nursery from Versailles by Henry Wise in the early 18th century. Eating PickE early October; use October–January
Mariposa[82] Sint-Truiden, Belgium 2013 Parentage Nicogreen x Nicoter Eating Pick mid to late September
Martin 1 (a.k.a. McLellan)[8][26]   Connecticut, US <1870 Yellow with red flush. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 6–16 mm (0.24–0.63 in). Biennial. Flesh is white, juicy, vinous, sweet, very good. Eating Use December–March
Martin 2[10] Louisiana Discovered 1936. Introduced 1943 Yellow with red flush. P unknown Eating
Martini[3][7]   Germany 1875 Flesh yellowish-white, crisp, juicy, subacid. Cold storage 1oC 150 days. Eating PickG late October. Use December - March.
Mattamusket[8]   North Carolina, US <1870 Flesh is whitish yellow, crisp, subacid, good. Tree vigorous, productive. Eating Use December–March
Maunzenapfel[3]   Württemberg, Germany c. 1900 A small apple. Flesh is yellow to white, crisp, juicy, acid. Tree is vigorous. Cider, juice PickG mid-October. Use November–March.
Mauss Reinette (a.k.a. Love Beauty, Reinette de Multhaupt, Svanetorpsäpple)[23]   Germany <1874 A yellow apple with red flush. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Flesh juicy, subacid. Eating Pick October; use November–December
May Queen[6][52][13][15]   Worcester, England 1888 Large, oblate, often russetted yellow apple with bright red blush and stripes. Crisp, greenish-yellow flesh, rich, nutty flavour. Similar texture to Ribston Pippin, and in a good year, its equal in flavour. In bad years it can be rather dry and harsh. Excellent keeper. Heavy annual bearer. AGM from RHS in 1892. Width 62–78 mm (2.4–3.1 in), height 51–65 mm (2.0–2.6 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Eating PickE early October. Use November–May
McAfee (a.k.a. McAfee Nonsuch, McAfee Red)[8]   Kentucky, US <1870 Once thought to be lost forever, rediscovered in 2018 in Idaho.[170] Flesh is whitish, crisp, subacid, good to very good. Stalk short. Tree very prolific and will produce huge crops of apples when mature. Eating Use December–March
McIntosh[117][6][25][26][152][19][7]   Ontario, Canada Discovered 1796, introduced 1870. A popular, cold-tolerant eating apple in North America. Width 73–88 mm (2.9–3.5 in), height 63–67 mm (2.5–2.6 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh white, very tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good. Cold storage 3oC 90 days. DBH 120–132. Density 0.77 Cooking (applesauce), eating, pies Pick45 September 1. Pick55 August 20. Pickg September 15–30. Use October–December
McIntosh Rogers (a.k.a. Red McIntosh)[4][30][7] New York, US 1930. Introduced 1932 A red mutant of McIntosh. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Cold storage 3-4oC 100 days. Cooking, eating Pick mid-September; use October–December
McIntosh Wijcik (see Wijcik McIntosh)
McLellan (see Martin 1)
Mc Mahon[26]   Wisconsin, US c. 1860 Width 94 mm (3.7 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 29 mm (1.1 in). Flesh is white, tender, juicy, subacid, fair to good. Eating Use October–January
McShay[171][42] Indiana, US Cross made 1962, first fruited 1970. A green apple with red flush (70%). Width 64–67 mm (2.5–2.6 in), height 64–67 mm (2.5–2.6 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh is light green, firm, juicy, subacid, very good. Tree is vigorous. Eating Pick 2 week before Jonathan. Use October–November.
Mecklemburger Königsapfel (a.k.a. Roter Brasil)[23]   Germany 1773 Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Cooking, eating Pick October; use December–March
Medina[10]   Geneva, New York Introduced 1922 P Deacon Jones x Delicious. Eating
Mela Carlo (a.k.a. Mela Carla, Male Carle)[11] Italy <1817 A dessert apple of the most exquisite flavour. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Flesh is as melting as that of the Doyenné pear. Eating Pick October; use December–March
Melba[6][24][15][7]   Ottawa, Canada Raised 1898, Introduced 1909 Green apple with red overcolour. Width 63–73 mm (2.5–2.9 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Cold storage 3-4oC 90 days. DBH 94. Eating Pick50 August 7. PickE early–mid-August. Use August.
Melon American[11][26]   Connecticut 1800, introduced 1845. A first rate dessert apple. Width 68–86 mm (2.7–3.4 in), height 61–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in). Stalk 18–39 mm (0.71–1.54 in). Flesh yellowish, firm, fine, crisp, tender, juicy subacid and aromatic. The tree is a good grower, vigorous, very hardy. Eating Use December
Melonenapfel (a.k.a. cs. Rehtáč soudkovitý, de. Flaschapfel, Nonnetitte, Prinzenapfel, fr. Pomme de Prince, ru. Print.)[23][3][16]   Germany <1788 An oblong apple. Flesh is yellowish-white, subacid with a pleasant aroma. Width 65–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 70–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in). Stalk 12–25 mm (0.47–0.98 in). Weight 125 gram. Eating PickG mid-September. Use September–March
Melrose 1 (a.k.a. White Melrose)[11][12] Scotland <1800 Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Cells elliptical, abaxile. Flesh is marrow-like, with a sweet and sub-acid flavour. Eating, cooking Use October–January
Melrose 2[10][17][6][19]   Ohio, US Cross made 1932. Selected 1937. Introduced 1944 A yellow to green apple with crimson flush (50%). Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). P Jonathan x Delicious. Flavour improves in storage. Flesh is coarse, aromatic, subacid. Biennial. Eating Pick45 October 3. Pick55 September 20. Pickg October 1–20. Use December–April.
Mere de Menage (a.k.a. Bellefleur de France) (fr. de Livre, Ménagère)[6][23][30][32][33][12]   France or Ukraine <1800 Large flat-round yellow apple with crimson flush (50–100%). Width 77–128 mm (3.0–5.0 in), height 67–95 mm (2.6–3.7 in). Stalk very stout (4–5 mm (0.16–0.20 in)) and short (10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in)). Cells roundish, obovate, abaxile. TRI Cooking PickE late September. Use October–November.
Merton Beauty [6][30][172]   England 1932, selected 1946, introduced 1962 Width 56–67 mm (2.2–2.6 in), height 45–53 mm (1.8–2.1 in). Stalk 20–27 mm (0.79–1.06 in). P Ellisons Orange x Cox Orange. A greenish-yellow apple flushed with red. Flesh with aniseed flavour. Eating PickE early September; use September–early October
Merton Charm[6][30][173]   Surrey, England Cross made 1933, introduced 1962 Width 57–60 mm (2.2–2.4 in), height 47–51 mm (1.9–2.0 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). P Rogers McIntosh x Cox Orange. AM from RHS in 1960. Pick September. Semi-weeping habit, heavy crops of small fruit unless thinned. Eating Pick mid-September; use September–October
Merton Delight[174] England Introduced 1953 P Cox Orange x Golden Russet. Flesh is tender, crisp sweet to subacid. Eating
Merton Joy[6][174][173]   England Cross made 1940 or 1946, introduced 1965. Width 63–69 mm (2.5–2.7 in), height 51–58 mm (2.0–2.3 in). P (Cox Orange x Sturmer Pippin) x Cox Orange. Flesh is soft, very juicy, sweet, aromatic. Eating PickE early to mid-September. Use September–early October.
Merton Knave [6][30][174][175]   Bayfordbury, Hertford, England Cross made 1948 Greenish yellow with red flush. P Laxton's Early Crimson x Epicure. Width 55–70 mm (2.2–2.8 in), height 48–62 mm (1.9–2.4 in). Stalk 12–30 mm (0.47–1.18 in). Flesh fairly juicy with strong aroma. Eating Pick mid-September; use September
Merton Pippin[174] England Introduced 1948 A large apple. P Cox Orange x Sturmer Pippin. Flesh subacid. Eating
Merton Prolific[174][172] England 1914, selected 1935 Width 61 mm (2.4 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). Flesh sweet, subacid. P Northern Greening x Cox Orange Pippin. Eating Use December–January
Merton Reinette[5] England Raised 1933, introduced 1962. Parentage Cox Orange Pippin x Herrings Pippin. Flesh cream colored, aromatic, subacid. Eating
Merton Russet[174][172][5]   England 1921, selected 1935, introduced 1948 Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). P Sturmer Pippin x Cox Orange. Flesh sweet, subacid. Particularly attractive blossom. Eating Use January–March
Merton Worcester[6][30][172][7]   England Selected 1935, introduced 1948 Width 58–67 mm (2.3–2.6 in), height 55–57 mm (2.2–2.2 in). Stalk 12–20 mm (0.47–0.79 in). P Cox's Orange Pippin × Worcester Pearmain. AM from RHS in 1950. Developed at John Innes Institute. Cold storage 3-4oC 150 days. Eating PickE early September; use September–October
Metzger[10] Seattle, Washington Selected 1938. Introduced 1948 P Delicious x Unknown. Eating Pick early August
Mexico[9]   Connecticut, US <1850 Round, medium-sized apple. Crimson red. Stalk long to medium. Flesh is white, juicy, subacid. Eating Use August–September
Michaelmas Red(a.k.a. Tydeman's Michaelmas Red)[6][172]   England 1929, selected 1940, introduced 1945 Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). P McIntosh x Worcester Pearmain. Flesh is soft, juicy, sweet, vinous. Eating Pick mid–late September; use October–December
Michal[17] Israel Introduced 1967 P (Calville St. Sauveur x Damascus) x Delicious. Flesh is juicy, sweet, subacid. Tree is productive. Eating
Middle Green[13] England <1903 Yellow streaked with red. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). AM from RHS in 1903. Flesh, soft, yellowish, sweet, good. Eating Use December–February
Miami[10] New Carlisle, Ohio, US Discovered 1930, introduced 1935 A red apple. Bud mutation of Stark. Eating
Milam(a.k.a. Winter Pearmain, Red Winter Pearmain)[9][26]   US <1820 Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh white, tender, crisp, juicy, subacid or sweet. Eating Use December–January
Miller's Seedling[6][30] Berkshire, England 1848 Sweet apple. Width 60–63 mm (2.4–2.5 in), height 44–54 mm (1.7–2.1 in). Stalk 18–26 mm (0.71–1.02 in). Flesh is white, juicy, sweet. AM from RHS in 1906. Tree prefers chalky soils. Eating PickE mid-August; use August–September
Millicent Barnes[6]   Chester, England 1903 A yellow apple flushed with red. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Flesh lacks flavour. Parentage: Gascoyne's Scarlet x Cox Orange Pippin PickE mid-September; use October–December
Milton[10]   Geneva, New York Introduced 1923 P Yellow Transparent x McIntosh. Eating
Milwa (see Junami)
Milwaukee[26]   Wisconsin, US <1899 Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh is whitish, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, fair to good. Cooking Use October–January
Minister[9]   New England, US <1850 Tree healthy, vigorous, early bearer. Flesh, yellowish, juicy, acid. Cooking Use September–October
Minjon[10] Excelsior, Minnesota, US Selected 1923, introduced 1942 A dark red apple. P probably Wealthy x Jonathan. Eating
Minnehaha[10][176] Excelsior, Minnesota, US Selected 1914, introduced 1920 A dark red apple. P Wealthy x (Ben Davis x Fameuse).
Mio[24]   Sweden 1932 Yellow with red flush. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 53 mm (2.1 in). P Worcester pearmain x Oranie. Eating Pick September; use September–October
Miss Baron[13] England <1885 A golden-yellow apple. Tree vigorous. Flesh yellow, tender, subacid. Cooking Use October–January
Missouri Pippin[25][26]   Missouri, US c. 1840 Tree is vigorous. Flesh is yellow, firm, brisk, subacid, fair to good. Eating Use October–January
Miss Phillimore[29][13]   England Introduced 1900 Yellow with red flush. P Gladstone x Lord Burghley. Flesh tender, sweet. AM from RHS in 1899. Eating Use October
MN 55(a.k.a. Rave, First Kiss)   Excelsior, Minnesota, US Eating Pick July in Minnesota
Modi[123]   Ferrara, Italy Selected 1996 A yellow apple with red overcolor (85–95%). Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Flesh is firm, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Resistant to scab. Eating
Mollie's Delicious[17]   New Jersey, US 1966 Conical shape, pinkish red colour. P (Golden Delicious x Edgewood) x (Gravenstein x Close). Flesh crisp, sweet, good. Lasts long in refrigeration. Good aftertaste. Eating Pick55 August 10. PickE late August. Use August–September.
Monarch[6][30][13][177]   Essex, England Raised 1888, introduced 1918 Large round-conical apple. Width 73–80 mm (2.9–3.1 in), height 58–70 mm (2.3–2.8 in). Stalk 10–20 mm. _Coarse-textured, juicy, tender sharp_ Vitamin C 7 mg/100g. Biennial tendency. Cooking PickE mid-September; use November–January
Monmouth[26]   New Jersey, US <1848 Width 78–85 mm (3.1–3.3 in), height 65–68 mm (2.6–2.7 in). Stalk 13–19 mm (0.51–0.75 in). Biennial. Flesh yellowish, firm, grisp, tender, juicy, aromatic, good to very good. Eating Use December–March
Monroe[10] Geneva, New York Cross made 1910. Introduced 1949 A red apple. P Jonathan x Rome Beauty. Eating Pick50 October 4. PickE mid-October. Use November–January.
Moore Extra[8]   Ohio, US <1870 Flesh is yellow, juicy, tender, subacid, very good. Stalk short. Tree is vigorous, not an early bearer. Eating. Use December–March
Moore's Sweeting (see Black Sweet)
Morden 347[10] Manitoba, Canada Introduced 1941 P Martha x Dolgo. Flesh is orange-yellow, firm, crisp, juicy. Tree is hardy, vigorous. Eating, cooking Pick late August
Morden 352[10] Manitoba, Canada Introduced 1945 P Dolgo x Haralson. Flesh is white, firm, crisp, juicy, sweet, subacid. Tree is very hardy. Eating, cooking Pick late September
Morris's Russet[12]   Brentford, England <1880 A green apple covered with brown russet. Width 63 mm, height 57 mm. Stalk 12 mm. Cells, obovate, axile. Flesh firm, tender, juicy, brisk, aromatic. Eating Use October - February
Mother (American Mother)[6][25][9][12][178]agm[179][30][26]   Massachusetts, US 1840 Medium-sized yellow apple with crimson stripes and darker red blush. Width 63–77 mm (2.5–3.0 in), height 60–80 mm (2.4–3.1 in). Stalk 13–23 mm (0.51–0.91 in). Cells elliptical, abaxile. Flesh is fine, tender, juicy, mild subacid, aromatic, very good to best. The fruit has a balsamic aroma with a suggestion of vanilla. Cropping can be a bit irregular, if not completely biennial. A late flowering variety that avoids frost. Some resistance to scab. DBH 128. Eating Pick50 September 14. PickE late September. Use October–December.
Munson (a.k.a. Meachem Sweet, Rag Apple)[26]   Possibly Massachusetts, US <1849 Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh is yellowish, tender, juicy, sweet, good to very good. Eating Use late September–December
Munson Sweet (a.k.a. Orange Sweet, Ray Apple, Meachem Sweet)[9]   New England, US <1850 Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Tree is vigorous, productive, a regular bearer. Flesh is juicy, very sweet. Baking Use September–February
Murray[4] Canada 1980
Muscadet de Dieppe Normandy, France c. 1750 Commonly used in making Calvados brandy. Yellowish green apple with red striping or reddish pink blush. Too tart to eat. Cider
Musch[4] Belgium 1872 Eating Pick September; use November–December
Musk (see Carlisle Codlin)
Muster[9]   Indianapolis, US <1850 Flesh is yellow, juicy, subacid, aromatic. Cooking, eating Use November–January
Mutsu[6][30][172][19][7]   Aomori Prefecture, Japan Cross made 1930, first fruited 1937, named 1948 Known as "Crispin" in the United Kingdom. Width 73–77 mm (2.9–3.0 in), height 70–73 mm (2.8–2.9 in). Stalk 22–30 mm (0.87–1.18 in). P Golden Delicious x Indo. Flesh is aromatic, subacid. Tree is very vigorous. Cold storage 2oC 150 days. TRI Eating, pies Pick55 September 25. PickE mid-October. Pickg October 15–30. Use late October–early April
My Jewel Watsonville, California c. 1940[180] Originated as a chance seedling, a cross between Winter Banana and Golden Delicious.[181] Yellow colour. October harvest. Still used in cider blends by Martinelli's[182] Eating, cooking, cider

N edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Nanny[11][13] Surrey or Sussex, England 1842 A dessert apple of excellent quality. Flesh greenish yellow, tender. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in). Eating PickE mid-September; use October
Nathusius Taubenapfel[27]   Germany 1824 A conical apple. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in). Eating Use December–April
Nelson Codlin[11] England <1850 Large yellow. A first rate culinary apple Cooking Use September–January
New Hawthornden[12]   Sawbridgeworth, Hertfordshire, England Introduced 1847 A yellowish green apple. Width 88 mm, height 63 mm. Stalk 13–25 mm. Cells elliptical, abaxile. Flesh tender, crisp, very juicy, acid. Raised by Rivers' Nursery. Cooking PickE late-September. Use September–October
Newell-Kimzey (see Airlie Red Flesh)
Newfane[10]   Geneva, New York, US Introduced 1927 P Deacon Jones x Delicious. Flesh, tender, juicy. Ripens with Delicious. Eating
Newton Wonder[6][30]   Derbyshire, England <1887 A yellow apple flushed with red. FCC from RHS in 1887. Width 89–92 mm (3.5–3.6 in), height 70–73 mm (2.8–2.9 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). Medium round and even, beautifully striped and flushed. Very good cooker. Cooks to juicy, brisk, well-flavoured purée, but with less acidity than Bramley. Prolific bearer, can be harvested in winter. Cooking PickE mid-October; use November–March
Newtown Delicious[10] Washington, US Introduced c. 1937 P Yellow Newtown x Delicious. Tree vigorous, heavy bearer. Cooking, eating
Newtown Pippin (Albemarle Pippin, fr. Newtown Pippin, ru Renet angliiskii)[9][6][25][26][16][7][33]   Queens County, New York 1759 Best known colonial apple in North America. Known favourite of Ben Franklin and Thomas Jefferson. Medium to large, often irregularly shaped apple. Greenish-yellow, dotted, often russeted. Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 60–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Tough skin, flesh cream to greenish-white, very quickly browning. Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, moderately fine-grained, aromatic, subacid, best. Biennial habit, slow to come into bearing. Good keeper, improves with storage. Prized for its clear juice in cider making. Two sports, Green Newtown Pippin and Yellow Newtown Pippin, differ only in skin colour. Cold storage 2oC 150 days. Cooking, eating, cider PickE late October; use November–March
Newtown Spitzenburgh[8][9][26]   Newtown, Long Island, US 1817 Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh yellow, crisp, tender, vinous, subacid. Eating Use October–February
Niagara[107]   Geneva, New York, US Selected 1950, introduced 1962. A yellow apple with red flush and stripes. Flesh: white, fine, crisp, tender, aromatic, subacid. Eating Pick50 September 8. PickE early September. Use September - October.
Nickajack (a.k.a. Caroline, Berry, Aberdeen, Trenham, Alleghany, Chaltram Pippin)[8][9][26][33]   North Carolina, United States c. 1810 Native American origin, believed to be originally grown by Cherokee along banks of Nickajack Creek. Only grown in Appalachians, favourite of later settlers for desserts. Rusty red colour with sweet, crisp taste. Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Cooking, eating Use December–April
Nicola[118] Summerland, Canada Cross made 1981, selected 1988 A large apple with 85% red overcolor. P Splendour x Gala. Flesh: light yellow, juicy, firm, crisp. Eating
Nonpareil[6][30] France 1500s A yellowish green apple. Width 58–65 mm (2.3–2.6 in), height 48–52 mm (1.9–2.0 in). Stalk 18–28 mm (0.71–1.10 in). Eating Pick mid-October; use December–March
Nordhausen (a.k.a. Schöner von Nordhausen)[3][7]   Germany 1892 Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in), weight 130 g (4.6 oz). Stalk 6–13 mm (0.24–0.51 in). Flesh is crisp, subacid to acid. Cold storage 2oC 150 days. VitC 6. Density 0.74 Cooking Pick October; use January–April
Norfolk Beauty[30][13][29]   Norfolk, England introduced 1902 Pale cream in colour when cooked. Width 80–87 mm (3.1–3.4 in), height 67–71 mm (2.6–2.8 in). Stalk 8–10 mm (0.31–0.39 in). P Harvey x Hawthornden. FCC from RHS in 1902. Cooking Pick early September; use October–December
Norfolk Beefing (a.k.a. Catshead Beaufin, Taliesin)[11][13][29]   Norfolk, England c. 1800 Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk short. Flesh has a brisk and pleasant flavour. TRI Baking Pick October; use January–June
Norfolk Pippin (see Adams Pearmain)
Norfolk Royal[30]   England 1908 A truncate conical apple. Flesh crisp, juicy and well-flavoured. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 8–15 mm (0.31–0.59 in). Eating Pick late September; use September–February
Norman's Pippin[52] Belgium <1900 Conical grey green with russet, flesh mellow, of fine flavour. AGM from RHS in 1900. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). Eating Use January–March
Northern Greening[52][13] Yorkshire, England 1826 Medium, oval, conical, pea green to pale yellow, with red stripes and faint brown flush. Flesh tender, greenish, acid. Growth vigorous. Cooking Pick mid-October; use December–April
Northern Spy[9][6][25][26][27][33]   New York c. 1800 Tart, firm, stores very well. Tree large, vigorous. Flesh is yellow, firm, tender, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good to best. Noted for being excellent choice for making American-style apple pie. Width 81 mm (3.2 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Sometimes used as a rootstock. Cider, cooking, eating Pick45 October 10. Pick55 September 25. PickE mid-October. Use November–March.
North Western Greening[26][25]   Wisconsin, US <1872 Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 79 mm (3.1 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Biennial. Flesh is yellowish, crisp, firm, juicy, subacid, fair to good. Cooking, eating Pick45 September 18. Use January–April
Notarisappel[107]   Lunteren, Netherlands 1890. Introduced 1899. A large apple greenish-yellow with orange stripes. Width 87 mm (3.4 in), height 77 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh is soft white, subacid, very good. Eating. PickE late September. Use September–November.
Nova Easygro[168]   Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada Cross made 1956, introduced 1971 A greenish yellow apple striped or blushed with red. Flesh is creamy white, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid. Eating Pick45 September 15. Pick55 September 1. Use September–October.
Novamac[42] Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada Cross made 1963, introduced 1978 A round to conic apple width 70 mm. 80% red stripe on greenish-yellow ground. Flesh white, crisp fine, tender, juicy, subacid, very good. Resistant to apple scab, cedar apple rust and fire blight. Susceptible to mildew. Eating Pick with McIntosh
Novaspy[42] Kentville, Nova Scotia, Canada Introduced 1986 A Northern Spy like apple. Fruit 30-85% dark red overcolor. Flesh creamy-yellow, fine textured, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid, very good. Resistant to apple scab. Eating, Cooking Pick between Delicious and Northern Spy.
Nu-Jon[10] Washington, US Introduced 1949 P unknown. A large red striped apple.
Nutmeg Pippin[6]   England, UK 1920 A conical apple; width 54 mm (2.1 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). Flesh is juicy, with a nutty flavour. Eating PickE late September; use December–March
Nyack[9]   New York, US <1850 Flesh white, juicy, acid, rich. Eating Use December

O edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Oakland[26]   Michigan, US <1883 Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Biennial. Flesh is white, tender, juicy, sweet, crisp, good. Eating Use November–February
Oberdieck's Reinette see Reinette Oberdieck
Oberdieck's Taubenapfel[27]   Germany <1860 A conical apple. Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Eating Use December–February
Oberländer Himbeerapfel(fr. Framboise, pl. Malinowa Oberlandzka)[27][33][183]   Germany <1854 Width 70 mm, height 58–60 mm. Stalk 10–16 mm. Flesh yellowish-white, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Vitamin C 14 mg/100g. Eating Pick September. Use October - March.
Ogden[10] Geneva, New York, US Introduced 1928 P Zusoff x McIntosh. Flesh is white, aromatic, sweet. Baking
Ohio Beauty synonym of Grosh
Ohio Beauty synonym of Western Beauty
Ohio Nonpareil[9]   Ohio, US <1853 Width 95 mm (3.7 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh is yellow, juicy, subacid. Tree is vigorous, healthy. DBH 137. Cooking, eating, drying Use September–December. Pick50 September 18.
Ohio Pippin[9]   Ohio, US <1867 Width 99 mm (3.9 in), height 74 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Tree is healthy, vigorous. Flesh is yellowish, tender, juicy, acid to subacid. Cooking Use December–January
Ökna vita Vintergylling[24]   Sweden <1900 A small yellow conical apple. Width and height 60 mm (2.4 in). Cooking, eating. Use December–April.
Ökna Lökäpple[23]   Sweden <1830 Greenish yellow with some red stripes. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Eating Pick October. Use December–February.
Ölands Kungsäpple[60][23]   Sweden <1850 A small red conical apple. Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in). Eating Use November–December.
Oldenburg[4][3][19]   Geisenheim, Germany 1897 A yellow-green apple with red flush. P Minister von Hammerstein x Baumanns Renette. Flesh; soft, juicy, subacid. VitC 3. Density 0.80 Eating Pick September; use October–December
Oldenburg 2 (see Duchess of Oldenburg)
Oliver[26]   Arkansas <1873 Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh is whitish, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, sweet, good to very good. Eating Use December–March
Ontario[6][3][4][13][134][26][19][25][7]   Ontario, Canada Cross made 1820. Introduced 1882. A large apple, greenish-yellow with purple flush. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Weight 191 g (6.7 oz). P Wagener x Northern Spy. Cold storage 5oC 150 days. VitC 16–30. Density 0.83 Eating, cooking, juice PickE mid-October. PickG late October–early November. Pickg October 23–November 7. Use November–April
Opal [5] Chelmsford, Essex, England <1936 Parentage Rival x Worcester Pearmain. Flesh crisp, juicy, strawberry flavour. Eating PickE early September. Use September - October.
Opal
 
 Czech Republic 1999 Firm, fine to medium grained, medium juicy, full flavoured, sweet, mild-subacid. Parentage Golden Delicious x Topaz.[184] Eating
Opalescent[26][25]   Ohio, US <1899 Width 98 mm (3.9 in), height 92 mm (3.6 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh is juicy, subacid, aromatic, good to very good. Eating Use November–February
Orin[42]   Fukushima, Japan 1952 A large apple 250-300 gram. Sweet and distinctive fragrance. Flesh firm, aromatic, sweet, juicy, notes of pineapple, excellent. Medium hardness. Parentage Golden Delicious x Indo. Eating PickE late October. Use November–January.
Oriole[10] Minnesota, US Introduced 1949 P unknown. Flesh is tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Cooking, eating Pick August. Use August.
Orleans[10][31]   Geneva, New York, US Introduced 1924 A yellow apple, sttriped with red. P Deacon Jones x Delicious. Width 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in), height 50–65 mm (2.0–2.6 in). Eating PickE late September. Use October–January
Orleans Reinette (a.k.a. Golden Reinette, ru. Orleanskii renet, Krasnîi şafran, Zimnii şafran))[6][30][31][16]   Orleans, France <1776 Medium flat, rich red and golden russet. Reliable bearer. Width 62–74 mm (2.4–2.9 in), height 58–62 mm (2.3–2.4 in). Stalk 6–20 mm (0.24–0.79 in). E VitC 22. Flesh is creamy white, firm, complex flavour, similar to Blenheim Orange, but not related. TRI Eating PickE mid-October; use December–February
Ortley (a.k.a. White Bellflower, Cleopatra)[9][6][25]   New Jersey, US <1850 A large yellow apple with red flush. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Flesh yellowish, crisp, tender, juicy, acid to subacid, very good. Tree vigorous, very productive. Cooking, eating PickE late October; use November–January
Osceola[9]   Indiana, US <1850 Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh is yellow, juicy, subacid. Eating Use January–March
Oskaloosa (a.k.a. Jack, Apple)[8]   Iowa, US <1850 Flesh is juicy, subacid. Tree is a moderate grower, early but not an abundant bearer. Use November
Osnabrücker Reinette(fr. Reinette d'Osnabruck[27][33]   Germany <1800 A yellow apple with russet. Width 66 mm, height 54 mm. Stalk 15 mm. Flesh yellowish, subacid. Eating, Cooking Pick October. Use December - March
Owen Thomas[6][5][30] Bedfordshire, England Raised 1897, introduced 1920 Width 57–63 mm (2.2–2.5 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 7–15 mm (0.28–0.59 in). Green with orange flush. P Cox Orange x Gladstone. Flesh is greenish-white, soft, juicy, sweet, aromatic. Eating Pick mid-August; use late August–early September.
Ozark Gold   Missouri, US 1970 Light green with pink blush. Has taste with notes of honey. Eating PickE late September–early October. Use October–December.

P edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Pacific Rose   New Zealand 1995 Extremely crisp, sweet apple. Also grows well in California. Eating
Pam's Delight Bedfordshire, England 1958 A medium-sized apple with a red blush. Flesh is crisp, juicy and sweet-tasting.[185] Eating
Paragon[25][26]   Tennessee, US c. 1830 Tree is vigorous. Flesh is yellow, firm, tender, juicy, aromatic, mild subacid, good to very good.
Park (a.k.a. Park Spice, Park Apple)[8]   New York, US <1870 Flesh is yellowish, firm, juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good. Stalk is short. Tree is very productive. Eating Use December–March
Paroquet[13] Berkshire, England <1899 A red apple with russet. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk is short. AM from RHS in 1899. Flesh is yellowish, tender, fair. Eating, cooking Use October–January
Parry White[26][25]   Possibly Pennsylvania, US <1872 Width 59–71 mm (2.3–2.8 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh is white, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Eating Use late August–October
Pater van den Elzen[15] Limburg, Netherlands Introduced 1934 A yellow apple with red flush (50–90%). Width 81 mm (3.2 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Cooking Use January–March
Patten[26][25]   Wisconsin, US <1869 Width 85 mm (3.3 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 10–17 mm (0.39–0.67 in). Flesh is tender, juicy, subacid, good. Cooking Use October–January
Patricia[10]   Ontario, Canada Selected 1920 P McIntosh x unknown. Tree is a heavy bearer. Eating PickE mid-September. Use October–November.
Paula Red   Kent County, Michigan, US 1960s Firm white flesh; McIntosh mutation. Eating Pick45 August 15. Pick55 August 3. PickE early–mid-September. Use October–November.
Pawpaw (a.k.a. Western Baldwin, Rubicon, Ball Apple)[8]   Michigan, US <1875 Flesh is yellowish, juicy, firm, brisk, subacid, very good. Stalk is medium length. Tree is hardy, and a regular bearer. Eating Use December–June
Payette[10] Idaho Selected 1936. Introduced 1944. A red apple. P Ben Davis x Wagener. Eating PickE mid-October. Use November–April.
Peacemaker[52] Berkshire, England <1913 Round and smooth, with crimson flush and stripings. Resembles Charles Ross in general charasteristics. AGM from RHS in 1913. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Eating PickE early September. Use September–October.
Peach-Pound Sweet[8] New York, US <1875 Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh is juicy, sweet. Very good. Eating Use September–November
Pearl[6] Essex, England 1983 Yellow apple flushed with red on 50%. P Worcester Pearmain x Rival. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Stalk is short. Flesh is creamy white, juicy, sweet, aromatic. Eating PickE late September–early October; use October–November
Pease (a.k.a. Walter Pease, Pease Walter)[26]   Connecticut, US <1895 Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in). Flesh is whitish, crisp, tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid, good to very good. Eating Pick late September–early August; use October–January
Peasgood's Nonsuch(cs. Peasgoodovo, de. Peasgood's Goldreinette, fr. Sans pareil Peasgood, Peasgood's Sondergleichen, ru. Renet Piguda, Renet zolotoi Pisguda, Nesravnenno)[6] agm[186][30][32][12][166][16]   England 1858 Width 83–92 mm (3.3–3.6 in), height 70–76 mm (2.8–3.0 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in). Cells obovate, axile. A very large yellowish-green apple, deepening to orange-yellow, flushed and striped red with some russet patches. Flesh is white, sweet and juicy. Good eating and superb for cooking. Large, hardy and heavy cropping tree. Apples can weigh up to half a kilogram, and are famously large enough to make a pie from a single apple. VitC 13. Cooking, eating PickE mid-September. Use September–December.
Peck's Pleasant (a.k.a. Peck, Waltz Apple)[8][9][26][25]   Connecticut, US Yellow with red flush. Width 85 mm (3.3 in), height 64–68 mm (2.5–2.7 in). Stalk 9–13 mm (0.35–0.51 in). Flesh is juicy, subacid, highly aromatic, very good to best. Eating PickE mid-October. Use November–March
Pederstrup[23][31]   Denmark <1828 A medium-sized cooking apple. Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Cooking PickE late September. Use November–January
Pekka[37] Finland Introduced 1999 A dark red apple. Flesh is subacid, sweet. P Lobo x Huvitus. Eating Pick mid-September; use September–October
Pennock (a.k.a. Romanie, Big Romanie, Pennock's Red Winter)[9][57][26]   Pennsylvania, US <1820 Apple is very large. Stalk is short. Flesh is yellow, tender, juicy, subacid. Quality poor. Tree is vigorous, very productive. Cooking Use November - March.
Perry Russet[9]   US <1850 Width 86 mm (3.4 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh is yellow, acid. Cooking, eating Use December–January
Petteri[37] Finland Introduced 2003 A dark red appel. P Lobo x Huvitus. Flesh is subacid, aromatic. Eating Pick late August
Pewaukee[25][26]   Wisconsin, US c. 1870 Tree vigorous. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh is white, firm tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid, fair to good. Eating PickE early October. Use November–April
Pfirsichroter Sommerapfel(fr. Pomme d'été rouge-carmin, ru. Persikovoe letnee)[27][15][16]   France <1830 Yellow with red flush. Width 62–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in), height 50–54 mm (2.0–2.1 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). VitC 14 Eating PickE August; use August–September.
Pickard's Reserve[9]   Indiana, US <1850 Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh is whitish-yellow, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic. Cooking, eating Use December–January
Pikant[3][19]   Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany Introduced 1988 A green to yellow apple with red overcolor (70–80%). P Undine x Carola. Flesh ks juicy, subacid. Eating, cooking, juice PickG early–mid-September. Use September–December.
Pilot[3][7]   Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany Developed 1962, introduced 1988 A conical apple, yellow with red flush. Width 65–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 55–65 mm (2.2–2.6 in), weight 120 g (4.2 oz). P Clivia x Undine. Flesh is yellowish, crisp, aromatic, subacid. Cold Storage 1oC 120 days. Eating PickE mid-October. PickG early–mid-October; use February–July
Pimona[3][7]   Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany Introduced 1985 P Clivia x Undine. Flesh is crisp, juicy, subacid, aromatic. Cold storage 3oC 120 days. Eating, cooking
Pine Apple Russet(a.k.a. Hardingham's Russet)[12][5]   England 1730 Width 70 mm, height 64 mm. Stalk 25 mm. Flesh pale yellow, tender, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Can be dry, flavourless. Cells obovate, axile, open. Eating Pick early September. Use October - November.
Pine Golden Pippin[6]   UK <1861 A golden yellow apple with russet. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Flesh is white, firm, fine-textured, juicy, aromatic. Eating PickE early October. Use November–February
Pink Lady (see Cripps Pink)
Pink Pearl[10]   California, US Introduced 1944 Noted for having bright pink flesh. P Surprise x unknown. Sweet. Possibly has crab apple in its ancestry. Makes cider with a reddish tint if pressed. Eating Pick September
Pinova[3][7]   Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany 1965, introduced 1986 Bred in Germany over an 18-year period. Marketed as "Piñata" in the United States. Fragrant smell, thin skin and balanced sweet and tart flavour profile. From Clivia x Golden Delicious. Width 60–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in), height 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in), weight 125 g (4.4 oz). Stalk 30 mm (1.2 in). Flesh is yellowish, crisp, subacid, aromatic. Cold storage 1-2oC 120 days. Cooking, eating PickE early–mid-October. PickG mid–late October; use December–May
Pirja[37] Finland Introduced 1980 A red apple. P Huvitus x Melba. Flesh subacid. Eating Pick early August
Piros[19][3][7]   Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany 1963. Introduced 1985 A green apple with red flush. P Helios x Apollo. Width 65–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in). Weight 130 g (4.6 oz). Stalk 26 mm (1.0 in). Flesh is soft, juicy, subacid, aromatic. Cold storage 3oC 20 days. Eating PickG early August; use August–September
Pitmaston Pineapple[6]   Moseley, Worcester, England c. 1785 A dessert apple known since 1785. Small oblong apples with a yellow-green russeted skin. Width 53 mm (2.1 in), height 49 mm (1.9 in). Stalk medium. Flesh is yellow, firm, juicy, intense nutty, honeyed flavour with, as the name suggests, tropical undertones and some balancing acidity. Trees are biennial but produce heavy crops in the 'on' year. Eating Pick mid-September; use October–December
Pixie[6] agm[187][30] England 1947 Resistant to scab and mildew. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh is creamy white, crisp, intensely aromatic, Cox-like flavour, but sharper. FCC from RHS in 1972. Eating Pick early–mid-October; use December–March
Pixie Crunch (a.k.a. Coop 33)[188] New Jersey, US Cross made 1971, selected 1978 A greenish-yellow apple with purple-red overcolor (90–100%). Width 66–74 mm (2.6–2.9 in), height 56–63 mm (2.2–2.5 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). SS 12.3. Flesh is yellow-white, crisp, breaking, juicy, subacid. Eating Pick September 12–18. Use September–November.
Pohorka[3]   Yugoslavia 1960 P Cox Orange x Ontario. Flesh is juicy, aromatic, subacid. Eating PickE late October. PickG early October. Use December–June.
Pomme Grise[9][8][26][25]   <1850 Width 61–63 mm (2.4–2.5 in), height 45–50 mm (1.8–2.0 in). Stalk 12–14 mm (0.47–0.55 in). Flesh is yellow, juicy, aromatic, subacid, delicious. Eating Use January–March
Pomme Royale (see Dyer)
Pommerscher Krummstiel (a.k.a. Krummstiel, Krummstengel, Gestreifter Römerapfel)[14]   Vorpommern, Germany <1798 A yellow apple with red stripes. Width 65–80 mm (2.6–3.1 in), height 65–80 mm (2.6–3.1 in). Stalk 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in). Flesh is greenish-white, juicy, subacid. Quality: cooking good, eating fair. Cooking Pick October; use November–February
Ponyik alma (a.k.a. Poinikapfel) [16] Hungary <1872 A green yellow apple with brown overcolour. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Eating PickE mid-October. Use November–January.
Poorhouse[8]   Kentucky, US <1880 Flesh yellow, juicy, subacid. Very good. Eating Use December
Porter's[9][25][26][57]   Sherburne, Massachusetts, US <1850 Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Smallish, squat, deep golden yellow colour with red blush and firm, Flesh is yellow, fine-grained, aromatic, subacid, good to very good. Tree is vigorous, healthy, productive. Eating, cooking, cider Use August–October. Pick E September.
Pott's Seedling[6]   Cheshire, England 1849 Pale green to yellow colour. Width 81 mm (3.2 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk length is variable. Flesh is greenish white, soft, acid. Cooking Pick early September; use September–October
Pound Sweet (a.k.a. Briar Sweet)[26]   Manchester, Connecticut, US 1834 Amber coloration. Used mostly for making apple butter. Russets. Does well in moderate cold. Suitable to areas with snowy winters. Cooking
Prairie Spy[10] Excelsior, Minnesota Cross made 1913, selected 1923, introduced 1940. P unknown. Flesh is crisp, juicy. Fruit most nearly resembles Northern Spy. Eating, cooking Pick October
Present van Holland[15]   Netherlands Introduced 1940 A yellow to greenish apple with red stripes. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Flesh is white, juicy, subacid. P Present van Engeland x Brabant Bellefleur. Eating Use January–April
Priam[189][190]   Lafayette, Indiana, US Cross made 1951, first fruited 1956, introduced 1971 Greenish yellow, striped or blushed with red. Width 65–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in). Flesh is creamy white, crisp, subacid. Ripens with Cortland. Eating Pick one week before Delicious. Use October–January.
Priestly[8][191]   Pennsylvania, US <1820 Flesh is white, juicy, aromatic. Tree is vigorous, productive. Eating. Cooking. Use December–March
Prima (a.k.a. Co-op 2)[192]   United States 1958, introduced 1970 Resistant to scab and most diseases. Ripens 3 weeks before Jonathan. Eating Pick45 September 3. Pick55 August 27.
Primevére[193] New York, US Cross made 1962. Selected 1969. A red apple. Width 68–76 mm (2.7–3.0 in), height 65–76 mm (2.6–3.0 in). Stalk is short. Flesh is pale green, firm, crisp. Tree is vigorous. Eating Pick October 7–10. Use October–March.
Primate (a.k.a. Scott, Powers, July Apple)[8][26][25][9]   US <1830 Width 72–94 mm (2.8–3.7 in), height 62–76 mm (2.4–3.0 in). Stalk 16–25 mm (0.63–0.98 in). Tree is hardy, very productive. Flesh is white, tender, subacid, very good or best. Eating Pick late August; use September–October
Primicia[17][194] New Jersey, US/Brazil Cross made 1975, selected 1982. Yellow with red overcolor (80–100%). P D1R101T117 x D1R103T245. Flesh is juicy, subacid, fair. Tree is very productive. Eating Pick 3 week before Gala.
Primula[4] Poland
Princesa[17] Brazil Introduced 1988 P NJ 56 x Anna. Flesh is sweet, subacid. Eating
Prinzenapfel see Melonenapfel
Priscilla (a.k.a. Co-op 4)[192]   US Introduced 1972 A red apple. Eating Pick45 September 4. Pick55 August 28.
Pristine (a.k.a. Coop 32)[195][196][43]   West Lafayette, Indiana, United States Cross made 1974, selected 1982, introduced 1994 A lemon yellow apple. Resistant to most diseases. Width 64–70 mm (2.5–2.8 in), height 56–66 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Overcolor 8%. Flesh is yellow, crisp, subacid. Eating Pick45 July 30. Pick55 July 20. Use August.
Pryor Red[8][57]   Virginia, US <1830 Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Flesh is yellow, tender, juicy, subacid. Eating Use January–March
Pumpkin Sweet[8][26][25][9]   Connecticut, US <1834 A very large sweet apple. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 71 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 17 mm (0.67 in). Biennial. Flesh is white, firm, crisp, juicy, very sweet, peculiar flavor. Quality good for baking. Baking, cooking Use September–October
Puritan[197] Amherst, Massachusetts, US Cross made c. 1931, Introduced 1953 A red apple with white flesh, medium size. Tendency to bear biennially. Parentage McIntosh x Red Astrachan. Eating Pick an use as Early McIntosh.
Purpurroter Cousinot (nl. Roode Kroons-Appel)[31]   Possibly Holland <1760 A yellow apple striped with red. Width 60–70 mm (2.4–2.8 in), height 55–65 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Cooking, juice Use December–May.

Q edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Queen[6][30][15][12]   Essex, England Raised 1858, introduced 1880 Large cooking apple. FCC from RHS in 1880. Width 78–89 mm (3.1–3.5 in), height 57–64 mm (2.2–2.5 in). Stalk 13–18 mm (0.51–0.71 in). Cells ovate, axile. Cooking Pick late August; use September–December
Querina see Florina
Quince (a.k.a. Cole's Quince)[9]   US <1850 A medium-sized ribbed apple. Flesh is yellowish-white, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Cooking Use November–January
Quinte[24]   Canada 1964 A red oblong apple. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). P Crimson Beauty x Red Melba. Eating Pick August
Quittenförmiger Gulderling[27]   Germany <1830 Width 62–78 mm (2.4–3.1 in), height 56–80 mm (2.2–3.1 in). Stalk 6 mm (0.24 in). Cooking Use November–February

R edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Råby Rubin[79]   Sweden c. 1960 A small greenish-yellow apple with red flush. Flesh is juicy, subacid, aromatic, good. Eating Pick October; use October–December
Rafzubin see Rubinette
Ragan (a.k.a. Ragan's Red)[8]   Indiana, US <1870 A green apple striped with red. Flesh is yellowish-white, pleasant, juicy, spicy, subacid. Tree is hardy, vigorous. Eating Use October–November
Rainha[17] Brazil 1975 P Golden Delicious x Valinhense. Flesh is sweet, subacid. Eating
Rajka[20]   Czechoslovakia 1983 A scab-resistant apple. Parentage: Shampion x (Jolana x Rubin). Eating Pick 10 days before Golden Delicious.
Ralls Genet (a.k.a. Ralls)[25][26][57]   Virginia, US c. 1800 Biennial. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh is white, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, very good. Eating Use November–April
Rambo (a.k.a. Romanite of New Jersey, Bread and Cheese)[9]   US <1850 Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh is greenish-white, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, vinous. DBH 160. Cooking, eating Pick50 October 10. Use October–December
Rambour de Flandre (see Flandrischer Rambour)
Rambour d'Hiver (a.k.a. Rambour Rouge, Rambour Doux)[198][32][33][27]   France 1628 A green apple with red stripes. Width 75–105 mm (3.0–4.1 in), height 55–85 mm (2.2–3.3 in), weight 280 g (9.9 oz). Stalk 16–19 mm (0.63–0.75 in). Eating, cooking
Rambour Franc (a.k.a. Lothringer Rambour, Müschens Rosenapfel)[27]   France 1665 Yellow green with red flush. Width 87–112 mm (3.4–4.4 in), height 60–86 mm (2.4–3.4 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in). DBH 119. Eating, cooking Pick50 September 4. Use October–November
Rambour Papeleu[27]   Crimera, Ukraine 1850 Green with red flush. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Eating, cooking Pick October; use October–December
Ramsdell (a.k.a. Ramsdell Sweet, Hurlbut, fr. Ramsdell)[9][25][33]   Connecticut, US c. 1838 Width 90 mm (3.5 in), height 89 mm (3.5 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh is yellow, firm, tender, juicy, very sweet, good to very good. Baking Use September
Raritan[5]   New Jersey, US raised 1949 A green apple flushed with red (70-90%). Width 62–69 mm, height 58mm. Stalk 18 mm. Flesh: crisp, juicy, subacid, flavour of raspberries. P (Melba X Sonora) X (Melba X ( Williams X Starr)). Scab resistant. Eating PickE mid-August. Use August–September.
Rawle's Janett see Ralls Janet
Reanda[19]   Germany 1993 A red apple resistant to scab and fire-blight. Eating, cooking Pick September; use October–January
Rebella[118]   Dresden-Pilnitz, Germany Selected 1986 A yellow apple with red overcolor. Flesh is creamy-white, crisp, firm, aromatic. Resistant to apple scab, powdery mildew and fire blight. Eating
Red and Green Sweet[26]   US <1817 Stalk short to medium. Flesh is white, tender, juicy, sweet. Eating Use August–September
Red Astrachan(cs. Astrachan cervený, de. Roter Astrachan, fr. Astracan rouge, pl. Oliwka czerwona[6][11][25][9][26][32][33][12][198]   Russia or Sweden c. 1800 Extremely resistant to frost. Width 60–82 mm (2.4–3.2 in), height 76–83 mm (3.0–3.3 in). Stalk 12–14 mm (0.47–0.55 in). Cells ovate, axile. Flesh is white, fine, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, good to very good. The tree does not attain a large size. VitC 12. Cooking Pick August; use August
Red Canada (a.k.a. Poland, Richfield Nonsuch)[8][9][25][26]   US <1820 Width 74–81 mm (2.9–3.2 in), height 61–67 mm (2.4–2.6 in). Stalk 17–21 mm (0.67–0.83 in). Flesh is white, tender, crisp. Very good. Eating Use January–May
Red Delicious[117][30][6][125][31][25][7]   Iowa, US c. 1870 Unmistakable for its acutely conic shape, dark red colour and telltale bumps on bottom. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 19–22 mm (0.75–0.87 in). Flavour is sweet and mild. Extremely poor choice for cooking or cider; tastes terrible in pies. Original seedling known as "Hawkeye." Rights bought by Stark Brothers in 1893. First marketed as "Delicious" or "Stark's Delicious," name changed to "Red Delicious" in 1914 when Stark bought the rights to Mullin's Yellow Seedling, changing that apple's name to "Yellow Delicious". Red Delicious has many sports and ranks as the world's most prolific apple. Cold Storage 0.5oC 120 days. DBH 142-153. Eating Pick45 October 12. Pick55 September 10. Use December–March
Red Devil[5]   Kent, England raised 1975 A green apple with scarlet flush (90%). Width 74–83 mm, height 55-70mm. Stalk 7 mm. Flesh pink-white, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid, strawberry flavour. P Discovery x Kent Eating, juice PickE late September. Use October–December.
Red Duchess[10] New York, US 1914. Introduced 1937 A red mutant of Duchess.
Red Falstaff agm[199]   Falstaff sport with red/orange flush to the skin, late, prolific Eating
Redfree (a.k.a. Coop 13)[200]   US Introduced 1981 A yellow apple with red stripes (80–90%). P Raritan x PRI 1018–101. Flesh is firm, subacid, good. Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Eating Pick45 August 15. Pick55 August 5. Use August–September.
Redgold[10]   Washington Selected 1936, introduced 1946 P Golden Delicious x Richared Delicious. Eating
Red Graham[10] Manistee, Michigan Discovered 1926. Introduced 1936 Mutation of Northern Spy. Cooking Ripens with McIntosh.
Red Gravenstein[201]   Washington, US Discovered 1907 or 1908, introduced 1924. A red sport of Gravenstein. DBH 109. Eating, cooking, pie Pick50 August 22.
Red June (a.k.a. Red Juneating, Carolina Red June)[26][8][9][25]   North Carolina, US <1848 Flesh white, fine, tender juicy, subacid, good to very good. Width 55–65 mm (2.2–2.6 in), height 57–67 mm (2.2–2.6 in). Stalk 13–20 mm (0.51–0.79 in). Eating Use August–October
Red Juneating 1. see Red June
Red Juneating 2. see Early Strawberry
Red Juneating 3. see Margaret
Red Prince   Weert, Netherlands 1994 Medium-sized, conic, uniform deep red skin. Flesh is white, crisp, sweet and juicy, with hints of cherry and almond. Excellent keeper. Chance seedling (a natural cross of Jonathan and Golden Delicious) discovered in 1994. Marketed throughout Europe, in 2001, Global Fruit in Ontario became exclusive growers of the variety in North America. Eating, cooking
Red Russet[8]   New Hampshire, US <1875 Stalk is short. Flesh is yellow, crisp, tender, subacid. Very good. Eating Use January–April
Red Sauce[10]   Geneva, New York, US 1917, introduced 1926 P Deacon Jones x Wealthy. Flesh is subacid. Cooking Use October
Red Spy[10]   New York, US Introduced 1923 Mutation of Northern Spy. Cooking
Red Stripe[9]   Possibly Indiana, US <1850 Stalk is short. Flesh is whitish, tender, acid, juicy. Cooking, eating Use July–August
Red Striped Graham[10] Manistee, Michigan, US Discovered 1926, introduced 1936 A striped apple. Bud mutation of Northern Spy. Tree growth is similar to Northern Spy. Ripens with McIntosh
Red Winesap(a.k.a. Strand Winesap) [10]   Yakima, Washington, US Discovered 1927. Introduced 1928 or 1930 P unknown.
Red Winter Pearmain 1. see Buncombe
Red Winter Pearmain 2. see Kaighn
Red Winter Pearmain 3. see Long Red Pearmain
Red Winter Pearmain 4. see Milam
Red Winter Pearmain 5. see Westfield Seek-No-Further
Red York Imperial see Colora Red York
Reglindis[19]   Germany 1990 Yellow with red flush. Sugar 10.6%, acid 0.83%, juice yield 80%. Cooking, juice Pick September; use October–November
Reinette Clochard[33][202]   France <1850 Width 67–73 mm, height 58 mm. Stalk short. Flesh yellowish, juicy, subacid. Tree vigorous. Eating, Cooking PickE mid-October. Use January–March.
Reinette de Bayeux[33]   France <1817 Width 70–75 mm, height 58–65 mm. Stalk 8–22 mm. Flesh cream colored, firm, crisp, subacid, aromatic. TRIPLOID. Eating, Cooking, Pie Use November - March
Reinette de Breda (see Breda Reinette)
Reinette de Bretange[27][33]   France <1670 Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in). Flesh is sweet, crisp. Eating, cooking, cider Use November–February
Reinette Burchardt see Burchardt's Reinette
Reinette Coulon[203][130][7]   Belgium 1856 Width 77–95 mm, height 61–80 mm. Stalk 25 mm. Flesh yellowish-white, fine grained, firm, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid. TRIPLOID. Parentage Dutch Mignonne x ? Cold storage 3oC 150 days. Eating, cooking Pick late October. Use December - March.
Reinette de Carmes (a.k.a. Reinette des Carmes, Karmeliter Renette)[27][33]   France <1700 A yellow apple striped with red. Width 69–74 mm., height 53–70 mm. Stalk 17 mm. Flesh: juicy, subacid. Eating Pick October. Use December–March.
Reinette de Caux (see Dutch Mignonne)
Reinette de Champagne[19][27][7]   France 1770 A green apple. Width 66–79 mm (2.6–3.1 in), height 48–58 mm (1.9–2.3 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh is crisp, juicy, acid. Cold storage 3oC 180 days. VitC 12. Density 0.84 Cooking, eating PickG late October. Pickg October 23–30. Use February–May
Reinette de Cuzy[32][33] France <1863 A yellow or green apple with russet and some red flush. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 8 mm (0.31 in). Use December–May.
Reinette de Damason (see Reinette de Mâcon)
Reinette de Dietz see Dietzer Gold-Reinette
Reinette de France[5]   Belgium of France <1858 An flat-round green apple with red overcolor and much russet. Flesh yellowish-white, crisp, juicy, subacid, slightly aromatic. Triploid. Parentage Court pendu plat x ? Very popular in France. Flowering very late. Eating Pick October Use November - March.
Reinette de Geer[5]   Belgium 1815 Width 64–72 mm, height 50–56 mm. Stalk 12 mm. Flesh yellowish, fine grained, crisp, juicy, subacid, aromatic. Eating Pick early October. Use November - February
Reinette de Mâcon (de. Damason Reinette, Reinette von Damason, fr. Reinette de Damason, Reinette de Maçon, ru. Renet Damason)[5][33][27][198]   Mâcon, France <1628 A flat-round apple with red overcolor and much russet. Width 77 mm, height 62 mm. Stalk 12–15 mm. Flesh dry, subacid. Triploid. Eating, juice, cider PickE early October. Use December–March.
Reinette de Metz[204]   France <1948 Width 68–75 mm, height 55–60 mm. Stalk 16 mm. Flesh cream, firm, rich, sweet. Eating PickE early October. Use November–December.
Reinette de Montmorency[27][33]   <1800 A yellow apple with red flush. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh is juicy, sweet. Cooking, eating Use January–May
Reinnete Diel[11][27] Belgium <1801 A beautiful dessert apple of first quality. Width 50 mm (2.0 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). The tree is a healthy and vigorous grower. Eating Use December–March
Reinette Dippedalle[27]   France <1850 Green with red flush. Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 45 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Cooking, eating Use December–April
Reinette Dorée(a.k.a. Französische Goldrennte, Geele Renet, Geele Fransche Renet, Reinette de Lorraine, Reinette Tulipe)[205]   France <1780 Width 65–80 mm, height 55–65 mm. Stalk 10–22 mm. Flesh aromatic, subacid. Eating Use December - April
Reinette d'Orleans see Orleans Reinette
Reinette d'Osnabruck see Osnabrücker Reinette
Reinette du Canada(cs. Kanadská reneta, de. Kanada Reinette, Pariser Rambour Reinette, ru. Renet Kanadskii)[6][3][13][31][8][16][7]   Normandy, France <1771 Despite its name, it is an old French cultivar of domesticated apple. It is a reinette type of golden apple, with much russeting, which keeps shape in cooking. AM from RHS in 1901. If stored for some time it gets softer and is good to eat. Width 90–100 mm (3.5–3.9 in), height 70–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in), weight 170 g (6.0 oz). Triploid. Flesh is crisp, subacid, juicy. Cold storage 4oC 150 days. VitC 17. Density 0.80 Eating, cooking, baking, juice Use December–March
Reinette Franche[11][32][33][57]   France c. 1510 A dessert apple of first-rate quality. Width 70–85 mm (2.8–3.3 in), height 62–77 mm (2.4–3.0 in). Stalk 11–20 mm (0.43–0.79 in). Flesh yellowish-white, firm. The tree is a free grower, but subject to canker. This cultivar is in the gentic pedigree of around 18% of all apple cultivars. 2 Eating Use November–April
Reinette Grise(cs. Kožená reneta zimni, de. Graue französische Reinette, fr. Reinette grise, ru. Renet serîi, Renet serîi franțuzskii, sv. Allmän grå renett, Läderrenett)[11][31][33][16]   France <1800 A very fine dessert apple. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 56–63 mm (2.2–2.5 in). The tree is a healthy and vigororus grower, and an excellent bearer. Flesh is greenish-white, juicy, subacid. Eating, juice, drying Use November–May
Reinette Grise d'Automne(aka Graue Herbstrenette, cs. Kožená reneta podzimní)[31][27]   France or Holland <1670 A greenish-yellow apple with russet. Width 65–85 mm (2.6–3.3 in), height 50–75 mm (2.0–3.0 in). C 18. Flesh is greenish-white, juicy, subacid. Eating, juice, drying Use October–January.
Reinette grise (de. Saintonge)[32] A green apple with russet. Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Use January–April
Reinette Harbert see Harbert's Reinette
Reinette Middelburg(a.k.a. Reinette von Middelburg)[27]   Netherlands <1819 Yellow conical. Width 56–65 mm (2.2–2.6 in), height 52–62 mm (2.0–2.4 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Cooking, eating Use December–April
Reinette Oberdieck(ru. Renet Oberdika)[33][16]   Germany ? <1865 Width 70 mm, height 60 mm. Stalk 12–20 mm. Flesh yellowish, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Eating Use December - April.
Reinette Rouge Etoilée (a.k.a. Reinette Etoilée, Rothe Stern-Reinette) (nl. Sterappel)[6][31][27]   Belgium or Netherlands 1830 Round red apple. No ribs. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk is short and stout. Flesh is white, dry, subacid. VitC 3–14. Density 0.83 Eating Use October–December
Reinette Russet[206] Angers, France Selected 1979 Mutation of King of the Pippins. Width 63–76 mm (2.5–3.0 in), height 52–62 mm (2.0–2.4 in). Weight 117–204 g (4.1–7.2 oz). SS 14.9%, TA 1% Cider
Reinette Simerenko (see Wood's Greening)
Reinette Weidner see Weidner's Goldreinette
Reinette von Wormsley(a.k.a Reinette de Wormsley, Wormsley Pippin)[27][12][33]   England <1811 Width 80–84 mm, height 63–72 mm. Stalk short. Flesh yellowish-white,tender, crisp, rich, brisk, aromatic. juicy, subacid. Cells roundish ovate, axile. Eating, cooking Use September - October.
Reka[19] Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany 1984, introduced 1993 A green apple with red flush. Eating Pick September; use September–October
Relinda[19] Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany 1993 A scab resistant red apple. P Undine x F3. Eating, cooking Pick October; use December–March
Remo[19]   Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany Introduced 1990 A green apple with red overcolor (50–100%). Resistant to powdery mildew, scab and fire blight. Sugar 12.9%. TA 1.58%. Juice Pick September. Use September–October.
Renown[13]   Welford Park, Berkshire, England <1908 A conical uneven apple, covered with red flush. P Peasgood Nonsuch x Cox Orange. AM from RHS in 1908. Flesh is pale yellow firm, good. Raised by Charles Ross. Cooking, eating PickE late September.
Rescue[10] Saskatchewan, Canada Introduced 1933 P Blushed Calville x unknown. Eating Pick late August
Retina[19][207]   Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany 1991 A yellow apple with red flush. P Apollo x F3. Resistant to scab. Eating, cooking Pick September; use October
Rev. W. Wilks[6][30][76] Slough, Buckinghamshire, England 1904, introduced 1908 P Peasgood's Nonsuch x Ribston Pippin. Pastel green with a light pink flush. Very disease-resistant. Width 89 mm (3.5 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 10–16 mm (0.39–0.63 in). Cooks to a light, pale puree, hardly needing any sugar. AM from RHS in 1904. FCC from RHS in 1910. Nearly resistant to apple scab and apple canker. Cooking Pick early September; use September–November
Rewena[19]   Dresden-Pillnitz, Germany 1991 A green apple with purple overcolour (up to 80%). Resistant to scab, powdery mildew and fire-blight. P BV 67,47 x F3 Eating, cooking Pick August; use September
Rheinisher Krummstiel[31][27][3]   Germany <1828 A yellow apple, striped with red. Width 65–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in). C 5. Stalk 7 mm (0.28 in). Flesh is yellowish-white, crisp juicy, subacid. Cooking, eating, juice PickG late October. Use December–April.
Rheinische Schafsnase[27][14]   Germany <1886 Width 71–84 mm (2.8–3.3 in), height 64–83 mm (2.5–3.3 in). Stalk 9–15 mm (0.35–0.59 in). Flesh is juicy, sweet. Cooking Use December–February
Rheinischer Winterrambour (a.k.a. Winterrambour)[3]   Germany <1650 A large apple. Flesh is greenish-white, juicy, sweet. VitC 15. TRI Eating, cooking PickG early October. Use December–March.
Rhode Island Greening (a.k.a. Burlington Greening, Russine, Bell Dubois, Jersey Greening, fr. Verte de Rhode-Island)[6][8][26][25][12][27][33]   Newport, Rhode Island, US 1650s Extremely old variety for United States, second only to Roxbury Russet in age. Width 81–93 mm (3.2–3.7 in), height 65–74 mm (2.6–2.9 in). Stalk 16–24 mm (0.63–0.94 in). Cells obovate, axile. Grass-green colour with some possible russeting near stem. Bred to keep over winter; will store well. Occasional reddish pink blush. Flesh is yellow, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, very good. Excellent choice for pies and strudels when used for baking. Cider, cooking Use November–February
Ribston Pippin (a.k.a. Formosa Pippin, Glory of York, Travers Pippin)[6][13] agm[208][30][25][9][26][32][15][12][33][7]   Knaresborough, North Yorkshire, England 1708 An irregularly-shaped and sometimes lopsided apple, usually round to conical and flattened at the base with distinct ribbing. Width 70–78 mm (2.8–3.1 in), height 58–62 mm (2.3–2.4 in). Stalk 7–10 mm (0.28–0.39 in). Cells obovate, axile. Skin is yellow with an orange blush and red streaked with russet dots. Yellow flesh is firm, fine-grained, crisp, juicy, aromatic and with a pear-like flavour, subacid, very good. The original Ribston Pippin sprouted in 1708 from one of three apple pips sent from Normandy to Sir Henry Goodricke, 4th Baronet of Ribston Hall at Knaresborough. P Margil x Nonsuch Park. The original tree stood until 1835. It then sent up a new shoot and, on the original roots, lived until 1928.Cold storage 0oC 180 days. VitC 31. TRI Eating Pick early October. PickG mid–late September. Use November–January
Richard's Graft (a.k.a. Red Spitzenberg, Strawberry, Derrikinan)[9][26]   New York, US <1852 Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Biennial. Flesh is yellowish-white, tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good. Tree is medium-sized. Eating Use September–October
Richared Delicious[10]   Washington Selected 1915. Introduced 1926 Mutation of Delicious. Trademarked by Columbia and Okanogan Nursery Company, Washington. Eating
Ridge[9]   US <1850 A large apple. Flesh is yellowish, juicy, crisp, sweet, aromatic. Tree is a good grower and bearer. Eating Use March–April
Ringstad[23][5]   Sweden c. 1800 A yellow apple with red overcolour. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Eating Pick September; use October–November
Risäter[23]   Sweden c. 1800 A yellow apple. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Flesh is subacid. Eating, cooking, cider Pick September; use October–November
Rival[6][13][52][30][15] Berkshire, England 1900 Round, flattened and somewhat uneven-shaped apple. A fairly good cropper, keeping well into December. Raised by Charles Ross. AM from RHS in 1900. Width 73–81 mm (2.9–3.2 in), height 58–64 mm (2.3–2.5 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in). Eating, cooking Pick late September–early October; use October–December
Rivers' Early Peach[13]   Sawbridgeworth, Hertfordshire, England Introduced 1893 A yellow flat conical apple. Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Flesh is white, sweet, aromatic, dry. Stalk is short. Raised by Rivers' Nursery. Eating PickE early to mid-August. Use August.
Rivers' Nonsuch[5]   Sawbridgeworth, Hertfordshire, England <1875 A yellow apple with red stripes. Width 63–73 mm, height 47–53 mm. Stalk 25 mm. Raised by Rivers' Nursery. Eating PickE mid September. Use September–October.
Rock Pippin (a.k.a. Ridge Pippin, Lemon)[9]   US <1850 Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh is yellow, dry, acid. Cooking Use December–March
Rokewood[5]   Australia <1900 Skin yellow, almost completely covered with deep red blush. Width 56 mm, height 50 mm. Stalk 18 mm. Tree is a vigorous grower and regular and heavy bearer. One of the very best keeping apples. Not suited for England. Eating Ripens March–April in Australia.
Rolfe[26]   Maine, US <1857 Stalk is short- to medium-length. Flesh is whitish, tender, juicy, sweet. Eating Use August–September
Roman Stem[26]   New Jersey, US <1800 Flesh is juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good. Eating Use October–December
Rome Beauty(cs. Rimské krásné, de. Morgenduft, fr. Belle de Rome, ru. Rimskaia krasavița)[6][9][13][26][209][125][16][3]   Rome, Ohio, United States Introduced 1848 Rounded, deep red, and very glossy. Width 72–86 mm (2.8–3.4 in), height 66–74 mm (2.6–2.9 in). Stalk 28 mm (1.1 in). Flesh is yellow, firm, crisp, juicy, aromatic, mild subacid, good. Develops an extraordinary depth and richness when cooked. DBH 162–175. Cooking, eating Pick 45 October 15. Pick55 September 25. Use November–May
Ronk[26]   Indiana, US 1860 An apple of the Vandevere type. Eating Use October–January
Roode Tulpappel[15] A yellow conical apple, striped and flushed with red. Width 59 mm (2.3 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 7 mm (0.28 in). Pick early August. Use early August.
Rosemary Russet[6][13] agm[210][30]   United Kingdom First recorded 1831 Flat conical, yellow with brick red flush, flesh crisp, yellow. Regular cropper. Flesh is creamy white, fine-textured, juicy, sweet, sharp, like 'Ashmead's Kernel'. Width 64–70 mm (2.5–2.8 in), height 55–60 mm (2.2–2.4 in). Stalk 24–28 mm (0.94–1.10 in). Eating Pick late September; use November–March
Rosenhæger Danish[36] Denmark <1795 A green apple with red overcolour. Width 53–60 mm (2.1–2.4 in), height 48–55 mm (1.9–2.2 in). Eating Use October–November
Rosenhäger Swedish[23] Sweden <1800 A yellow apple with red overcolour. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). Eating Use November–December
Ross Nonpareil[6][13][52] Ireland <1802, introduced to England 1819 Small, round, even, covered russet with dark crimson markings. Flesh is white, firm, soft, rich aromatic, nonpariel flavour. Eating Picke late September. Use November–January
Roter Ananas[36][211]   Sieglitzerberg, Germany 1854 A red conical apple. Width 58 mm (2.3 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Cooking, eating Pick September; use September–October
Roter Eiserapfel[14][3][7]   Europe <1700 A green apple with red flush. Width 75–80 mm (3.0–3.1 in), height 68–75 mm (2.7–3.0 in). Stalk 5–15 mm (0.20–0.59 in). Flesh is greenish-white, subacid, very hard. Quality: cooking good, juice good. Cold storage 2oC 120 days. Cooking, juice PickG mid-October. Use December–July
Roter Stettiner (a.k.a. cs. Vejlímek červený, Štétinské, de. Roter Winterstettiner, fr. Rouge de Stettin)[14][33][16]   Germany or Poland <1800 Greenish-yellow with red flush. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 11–15 mm (0.43–0.59 in). Flesh is yellowish-white, juicy, subacid. TRI Cooking, drying, juice Pick October; use January–June
Roter Trierer Weinapfel[19][14][3]   Germany <1880 A red apple for juice and cider. Width 55 mm (2.2 in), height 47 mm (1.9 in). Stalk 15–18 mm (0.59–0.71 in). Flesh is white to yellow-green, crisp, acid, juicy. Juice, cider PickG late October; use November–March
Rote Sternrenette (see Reinette Rouge Etoilee)
Rother Jungfernapfel (a.k.a. Roter Böhmischer Jungfernapfel, cs. Panenské české, ru. Krasnîi petușok)[27][14][16]   Bohemia, Germany <1800 A small apple. Width 49 mm (1.9 in), height 46 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh is yellowish-white, juicy. Eating, cooking Use November–January
Rother Winterhimbeerapfel (a.k.a. Oberländer Winterhimbeerapfel, Zigeunerapfel)[24] Hungary <1850 A red apple. Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Flesh is juicy, aromatic. Eating Pick October; use November–March
Roundway Magnum Bonum[6][13][11] Roundway Park, Devizes, Wiltshire, England <1864 Very large apple. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Stalk is short to medium. A first-rate culinary or desert apple. Flesh is greenish-yellow, dry, sweet pear-like flavour. Eating, cooking
Rouville[4][42] Canada Cross made 1962, selected 1972, introduced 1983 A greenish-yellow apple with 75% red overcolor. Width 70–80 mm. Flesh white to reamy, juicy, subacid, fair to good. Tree vigorous. Eating, Cooking, Juice.
Roxbury Russet (a.k.a. Boston Russet, Putnam Russet, Warner Russet, Sylvan Russet, Belpre Russet, Marietta Russet, Howe's Russet)[9][70][26][25]   Massachusetts, United States c. 1640 First tree was a chance seedling grown in Roxbury, Massachusetts, now a neighborhood of Boston. Oldest known variety of apple in America, planted by Pilgrim Fathers as foundation stock for Massachusetts Bay Colony. Knobbly, russetted coat gives green skin a bronze tinge. Flesh cream coloured flesh, firme, coarse, tender, juicy, subacid good to very good. Width 70–89 mm (2.8–3.5 in), height 57–76 mm (2.2–3.0 in), stalk 12–26 mm (0.47–1.02 in). Excellent keeper; resistant to fireblight. Mild flavour. Multi-purpose apple that is a wonderful choice for pies, eating fresh, or cider. Still available in New England farmer's markets; commercial interest recently renewed in this cultivar because of its past use as a cider apple. Cooking (pies), eating, cider Use January–June
Royal Gala[190] Matamata, New Zealand Discovered 1971, introduced 1974 Mutation of Gala. Flesh is yellow, firm, crisp, juicy. Eating Ripens before McIntosh. In Missouri, late August.
Ros Picant Romania 19th century Characterized by its distinct, faintly spicy flavor. Green and yellow, mostly used for making cider and Pálinka. Cider, cooking, eating
Royal Jubilee (Graham's)(cs. Grahamovo, de. Graham, Grahams Jubiläumsapfel, ru. Graima iubileinoe, Zolotoe Graima, Graama iubileinoe.)[6][13][212][3][30][15][23][16]   Middlesex, England 1888, introduced 1893 Large yellow conical cooking apple. Width 65–90 mm (2.6–3.5 in), height 54–90 mm (2.1–3.5 in), weight 130–190 g (4.6–6.7 oz). Raised by John Graham of Hounslow. Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Tree is very dwarfed. Flesh is yellow, firm, subacid. Free from canker. VitC 5. Cooking, juice PickG mid-September; use October–December
Royal Late[13] England <1896 A large yellow-green apple with russet. Am from RHS in 1896. Flesh is soft, yellow, juicy, subacid. Very liable to canker. Cooking
Royal Russet[11] England 1597 A most excellent culinary apple of first rate quality. Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in). Cooking Use November–May
Rozela Czech Republic 2008 Flesh is medium firm, juicy with great aromatic flavour and delicate smell. The skin is attractive bright red with prominent lenticels. Annual producer of heavy crops, the resistant equivalent of Idared with outstanding flavour. Eating
Rubens (Civni)[118]   Ferrara, Italy 1985 A greenish-yellow apple with red to orange-red overcolor (60–100%). P Elstar x Gala. Flesh is creamy-white, firm, juicy, sweet, aromatic. Eating Pick 10 days after Gala.
Rubinette (a.k.a. Rafzubin)[19][3][7]   Rafs, Switzerland 1966, Introduced 1982 A yellow apple with red flush. P Golden Delicious x unknown. Flesh; juicy, aromatic, subacid. Cold storage 2-4oC 120 days. Eating PickG early–mid-October. Pickg October 1–10. Use October–December
Rubinola[20]   Czech Republic Parentage Prima x Rubin Eating, Juice
Rubinstar[42]   Gaiberg, Germany 1980 Bud mutation of Jonagold. 70-90% red overcolor.
Rubisgold[82] Sint-Truiden, Belgium 2013 Parentage Rubinstep x Delblush Eating ripens with Golden Delicious
Ruddy[13] A round apple covered with red flush. Flesh is sweet, slightly aromatic. P Ecklinville x Mere de Menage. Raised by Charles Ross.
Rushock Pearmain[11]   Wocestershire England 1821 An apple of first-rate qualtity, almost entirely covered with russet. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Eating Use Christmas–April
Rutledge[26]   Possibly Texas, US <1892 Tree is vigorous. Flesh is tender, juicy, subacid, sweet, fair to good. Eating Use January–May

S edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Sack and Sugar[13][12] England c. 1820 A yellow apple. Stalk is very short. Cells ovate, axile. Flesh is tender, juicy, aromatic, good. Cooking, eating Pick September
Saint Cecila[6][52]   Wales 1900 Even oval, golden yellow with crimson flush and stripes. Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). FCC from RHS in 1919. Eating Pick early October; use December–March
Saint Clair[10] Illinois, US Seed planted 1913 or 1914. Introduced 1935 or 1947 Resembles Wealthy. Tree is strong, productive. Eating
Saint Edmund's Pippin[6][13]agm[213][30][12]   Bury, St. Edmunds Suffolk, England 1870s Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 12–22 mm (0.47–0.87 in). Cells ovate, axile. Unusual in the fact that it has scaly russet patches mixed with smooth. Raised by Mr. Harvey. One of the best early russets. Flesh is yellow, very juicy, vanilla/pear taste. Usually a light yellow-green. Eating Pick mid-September; use September–October
Saint Everard[6][13][52][158]   Papwoth Everard, near Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England 1900, introduced 1910 Yellow striped with crimson. Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 45 mm (1.8 in). FCC from RHS in 1919. Flesh is crisp, yellow, juicy, excellent. Eating Pick early September; use September
Saint German see Virginischer Rosenapfel
Saint Lawrence(fr. Saint-Laurent)[26][57][33]   <1831 Width 60 mm, height 48 mm. Stalk 20mm. Flesh is tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Eating Use September–October
Saint Martins[13]   Hertfordshire, England <1896 Brownish red with russet. Width 54 mm, height 50 mm. Sweet flavoured with a hint of lemons.. AM from RHS in 1896. P Bess Pool x Cox Orange. Eating PickE late October. Use October - December
Salome[25][26]   Illinois, US c. 1853 Yellow with red flush, round oblate. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Tree is vigorous, large. Flesh is yellow firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good to very good. Eating Use November–March
Saltcote Pippin[6][52][214]   England <1918 Good flavour reminding one of Mother. Award of Merit from RHS in 1928. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk is short or medium-length. Flesh is juicy, sweet, aromatic. Eating Pick early October; use November–January
Samo[37] Finland Introduced 1981 A greenish-yellow apple. P Melba x Huvitus. Flesh is sweet, subacid. Eating Pick September
Sandra[37] Finland Introduced 1996 A red Apple. P Lobo x Huvitus. Flesh is sweet, subacid. Eating Pick mid-September
Sandringham[13]   Norfolk, England Introduced 1884 A yellow apple. FCC from RHS in 1883. P Woodford x King of the Pippins. Flesh is yellowish, firm, soft, subacid. Cooking
Sanspareil[52][13]   England <1899 Medium to large, even round apple. Yellow red stripes. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1899. Cooking, eating Use February–May
Santana[20][215]   Wageningen, Netherlands 1978 Scab resistant. Parentage Elstar x Priscilla. Eating
Särsö (a.k.a. Mignon, Cloetta)[24][79]   Sweden <1917 Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 25 mm (0.98 in). Flesh is subacid, fair to good. Eating, cooking, jam Pick late September; use October–November
Saturn[5]   Kent, England 1980 Parentage Falstaff x Cox Orange Pippin. Scab resistant. Flesh sweet. Eating PickE September. Use October - December.
Scarlet Cranberry[26]   Virginia, US <1865 Flesh is crisp, juicy, astringent, subacid, fair to good. Eating
Scarlet Nonpareil(fr. Non-pareille Écarlate)[11][13][33]   Surrey, England 1773 A very excellent dessert apple of first-rate quality. AM from RHS in 1901. Flesh is pale yellow, sweet, firm, good. Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Eating Use January–March
Scarlet O'Hara[216] New Jersey, US Cross made 1971, selected 1978, introduced 2000. A yellow apple with red flush. Diameter 70–76 mm (2.8–3.0 in). Stalk 28–33 mm (1.1–1.3 in). Flesh is yellow, firm, very crisp, subacid. Eating Pick one week beforde Delicious.
Scarlet Pearmain(de. Scharlachrote Parmäne, fr. Écarlate d'été, ru. Parmen krasnîi, Șafran krasnîi.)[11][13][39][12][16]   Middlesex, England c. 1800 A dessert apple of first rate quality. The tree is a free and vigorous grower. Flesh is yellow, tender. Width 60–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in), height 54–60 mm (2.1–2.4 in). Weight 95-100 gram. Cells obovate, axile. Eating Use October–January
Scarlet Pippin[26]   Ontario <1895 Stalk short. Flesh is white, juicy, subacid. Eating Use September–October
Scarlet Staymared[10] Washington, US Introduced 1936 A red apple. Cooking
Scarlet Tiffing[12] England <1875 A valuable and excellent culinary apple. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Cooking Use November–December
Schellinkhout[15] Netherlands 1885 A yellow conical apple with red stripes (0–20%). Width 81 mm (3.2 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Eating Use October–November
Schmidberger[33]   Austria <1873 Width 70 mm, height 60 mm. Stalk 16 mm. Flesh white, firm, aromatic, subacid. Eating, Juice Use December - March
Schoolmaster[12][13]   Lincolnshire, England 1855, introduced 1882 A fine cooking apple. FCC from RHS in 1880. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk is very short. Cells obovate, axile. P Golden Noble x Dumelow. Flesh is white, crisp, acid. Cooking PickE mid-October. Use November –January.
Scrumptious agm[217]   Kent, England 2003 Sweet and crisp. Self-fertile, mid-season variety that ripens in early September and will store well for about a month. The blossom is frost hardy resulting in heavy crops and the tree can be grown in all areas of the UK. The flesh is crisp and aromatic, and the thin skin turns a deep red as it develops. Eating
Scweizer Orange[3][7]   Switzerland Raised 1935, introduced 1954 A green-yellow apple with red orange flush. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in), weight 105 g (3.7 oz). Cold storage 2oC 150 days. Eating, cooking PickE mid-October.
Secor[10] Iowa, US Introduced 1922 P Salome x Jonathan. Free from Jonathan spot in storage. Eating Use January–April
SeeandO Red Rome 262[10] Washington, US Introduced 1943 Mutation of Rome Beauty. Eating
Seneca Favorite[26]   US <1853 Stalk is long to medium. Flesh is crisp, tender juicy, subacid, very good. Eating, cooking. Pick September. Use September–December.
September Beauty[5][13] Bedfordshire, England 1885 Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). FCC from RHS in 1885. A yellowish-green apple, striped with orange. Flesh is yellow, tender. Skin is slightly russetted. Eating Pick mid-September. Use September–November.
Serinka[33]   Lithuania <1852 Width 68 mm, height 58 mm. Stalk 12 mm. Flesh aromatic, subacid. Eating Pick September. Use September.
Shackleford[26]   Missouri, US <1883 Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 69 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh is firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, fair to good. Eating Use November–April
Shampion (see Champion)
Sharp[26]   Illinois, US <1889 Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh is tender, crisp juicy, sweet, very good. Eating Use October–November
Sharon[10]   Iowa, US Introduced 1922 A red striped fruit. P McIntosh x Longfield. Tree is vigorous, productive, hardy. Eating
Shinano Sweet Nagano, Japan 1978 Mid-season crops. Tsugaru x Fuji Eating
Shiawasse (a.k.a. Shiawasse Beauty)[9][26]   Michigan, US Introduced 1862 Width 81 mm (3.2 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Flesh is white, subacid, aromatic. Eating Use October–January
Shockley[8][33]   Jackson County, Georgia, United States 1852 Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Yellowish and green skin with reddish stripes. Flesh is crisp, juicy, sweet taste with vinous flavour. Tree moderately vigorous. Eating, preserves Use February–May
Shoesmith[6] Surrey, England <1930 P Lane's Prince Albert x Golden Noble. Width 93 mm (3.7 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Stalk is medium to long. Flesh is white, soft, juicy, subacid. Cooking Pick late September. Use September–December.
Shotwell Delicious[10] Washington, US 1928 Mutation of Delicious Eating
Siely's Mignonne[12] England c. 1800 Yellow covered with russet. Width 45 mm (1.8 in), height 45 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Flesh is greenish yellow. Juice is highly aromatic and of most excellent flavour. Eating, juice Use November–February
Signe Tillisch(cs. Signe Tillisch, de. Signe Tillisch, fr. Signe Tillisch, ru. Sini Tilliş)[3][15][16][7]   Denmark 1866 A yellow apple with red flush. Width 70–90 mm (2.8–3.5 in), height 55–80 mm (2.2–3.1 in), weight 95–200 g (3.4–7.1 oz). Parentage Alexander x London Pippin. Cold Storage 1oC 60 days. VitC 7. Eating, cooking Use September–October
Sirius   Czech Republic 2007 Flesh is yellow, firm, crisp, finely-grained, very juicy, well balanced sugar and acid level, with a rich flavour Eating
Sir John Thornycroft[52]   United Kingdom <1911 Above medium size, shing[clarification needed] yellow with pinkish red flush on sunny side. AGM from RHS in 1911. Eating Use October–March
Sir Prize (a.k.a. Co-op 5)[192][218][3]   US First fruited 1961, Introduced 1975 A yellow apple with a waxy finish. Width 76–83 mm (3.0–3.3 in), height 76–83 mm (3.0–3.3 in). Flesh is yellow to white, tender, juicy, subacid. Eating Pick55 September 20. PickG early October. Use October–December.
Sir William Gibbon's[12] England <1880 A calville-shaped excellent culinary apple. Width 96 mm (3.8 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Stalk is very short. Cooking Use November–January
Sitchamton Russet[12] England <1876 A dessert apple of good quality. Skin covered with grey russet. Width 60 mm (2.4 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). Stalk is short and stout. Flesh is yellowish, juicy, aromatic flavour. Eating Use December–February
Sköldinge[24]   Sweden c. 1800 Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh is juicy, sweet, subacid, good. Eating Pick early October. Use November–January.
Slack-Ma-Girdle   Devonshire, England <1880 Yellow streaked with red. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 47 mm (1.9 in). Stalk is very short. Cider Pick mid-October. Use October–December.
Slastica[18] Croatia Yellow with red flush. Width 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in), height 40–60 mm (1.6–2.4 in), weight 70–100 g (2.5–3.5 oz). Short is stalk. Flesh is yellowish to white, firm, juicy, sweet. Disease resistant. Biennial. Eating, cooking, cider, drying Pick mid-October
Slatka šarenika (a.k.a. Šarenika)[18] Montenegro Green with red flush. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Weight 149 g (5.3 oz). Stalk is medium-length. Flesh is juicy, sweet, aromatic. Eating, cooking Pick mid-October. Use November–May.
Slatka srčika (a.k.a. Srčika)[18] Croatia A yellow apple with red flush. Width 65–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in). Weight 100–150 g (3.5–5.3 oz). Stalk is short. Flesh is juicy, sweet, subacid. Eating, cooking, cider, drying. Pick mid-October
Sleeping Beauty[11] Lincolnshire, England 1851 Medium-sized. A most excellent apple for all culinary purposes, and particularly for sauce. Cooking Use November–February
Slor[17] Israel Introduced 1982 Large conic, dark red stripes. Flesh is sweet, subacid. Eating
Small's Admirable[13][11][12][33]   Lincolnshire or Buckinghamshire, England c. 1850 Width 72 mm, height 58 mm. Stalk 20 mm. An excellent kitchen and dessert apple. Cells obovate, axile. Flesh is white, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid. Cooking, eating PickE mid-October. Use November–December.
Smaragd[129] Novi Sad, Serbia Cross made 1992, selected 1999. A green apple with no overcolor. P Granny Smith x McIntosh Wijcik. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Weight 175 g (6.2 oz). Stalk 21 mm (0.83 in). Flesh is fine, crisp, juicy. SS 11.6, TA 1.03
Smart's Prince Arthur[6]   Kent, England <1883 A yellow apple with purplish red stripes (50–100%). Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 77 mm (3.0 in). Flesh is pale yellow, firm, dry, subacid. Cooking Pick late September–early October. Use November–April.
Smith's (a.k.a. Smith's cider, fr. Popular Bluff)[9][8][26][33]   Pennsylvania, US <1825 Width 70–83 mm (2.8–3.3 in), height 60–76 mm (2.4–3.0 in). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Tree is very vigorous. Flesh is white, tender, juicy, crisp, subacid, good. Cooking, cider Use December–March
Smokehouse[8][26][25][33]   Mill Creek, Pennsylvania, US 1837 Width 82–88 mm (3.2–3.5 in), height 64–68 mm (2.5–2.7 in). Stalk 19–23 mm (0.75–0.91 in). Greenish-yellow with flushed red-orange stripes. The yellowish-white flesh is crisp and tender with a spicy-sweet flavour that tastes like cider. Excellent all-purpose apple. Unusual in that it also makes excellent cider. Seedling discovered growing next to the smokehouse on William Gibbons' farm in Mill Creek, PA. Bears fruit from young age. Tree moderately vigorous. Eating, cooking, cider Pick45 September 10. Use September–February.
Snow apple see Fameuse
Snövit[24]   Sweden 1936 Yellow with red flush. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). P Stenbock x Pfirsichroter Sommerapfel. Eating Pick September. Use September.
Södermanlands kalvill[79][219][24]   Sweden <1850 Width 70–100 mm (2.8–3.9 in), height 61–86 mm (2.4–3.4 in). Stalk 17–18 mm (0.67–0.71 in). Flesh is juicy, aromatic, good. Eating Use October–December
Södermanlands äpple[79][219][24]   Sweden <1800 Width 65–83 mm (2.6–3.3 in), height 65–79 mm (2.6–3.1 in). Stalk 19–28 mm (0.75–1.10 in). Flesh is juicy, subacid, good. Eating Use September–December
Somerset[26]   US <1869 Tree is an early bearer. Flesh is white, juicy, aromatic, very good. Eating Use September–October
Sonya New Zealand 2000 Cross between a Red Delicious and Gala. Coppery coloration. Crisp. Eating
Sops-in-Wine 1[13][11][214] Cornwall or Devonshire, England <1688 Width 64–70 mm (2.5–2.8 in), height 53–70 mm (2.1–2.8 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Strong ribbing. Tree is vigorous. Flesh is white-pinkish, tender, sweet. Cooking, cider Pick mid-October. Use October–February
Sops of Wine (a.k.a. Sops-in-wine 2)[8][9][26]   US or UK <1850 Flesh is yellow tinged with red. Juicy, subacid, good to very good. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Tree is vigorous, very hardy, an excellent bearer and not subject to canker. Eating Pick August. Use August–September.
Sowman's Seedling[29]   Lancashire, England Raised 1914. Introduced 1927 A large green apple. P Grenadier x Bismark. Very susceptible to Bitter Pit. Cooking Use August–September
Sparreholm[24]   Sweden 1868 Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 77 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Eating Pick September. Use September.
Spartan[30][6][7]   British Columbia, Canada Cross made 1926. Selected and introduced 1936. Round-conical, yellow, 75–100% flushed crimson. Strong aroma. Prone to canker. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 56–58 mm (2.2–2.3 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Good all-purpose, medium-sized apple. Has a bright red blush and may have background patches of greens and yellows. Popular across border in United States as well. Cold storage 1oC 120 days. Cooking, eating, cider Pick45 September 16. Pick55 September 1. PickE early October. Use November–February.
Spencer[6][220] Summerland, British Columbia, Canada Cross made 1926, selected 1938, introduced 1959 A yellow apple with red flush (50–75%). Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk is long. Flesh is creamy white, firm, crisp, juicy, sweet. Parentage: McIntosh x Golden Delicious. Eating PickE mid- to late October. Use October–January.
Spigold[6] Geneva, New York, US A greenish yellow apple with purplish red flush (25–50%). Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk is long. Flesh is creamy white, juicy, sweet. TRI Eating PickE mid-October. Use November–February.
Splendour/Splendor   New Zealand 1948 Descendant of Red Dougherty x Golden Delicious, ancestor of Pacific Rose and Aurora Golden Gala Eating
Stanard (a.k.a. Stannard)[9]   New York, US <1850 Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh is yellowish-white, tender, very juicy, acid to subacid. Very good. Superior for cooking. Eating, Cooking Use November–February
Star[8]   New York, US ? <1850 A roundish oblate apple, splashed with crimson. Stalk short. Flesh, white, subacid.Good. Eating Use November
Stäringe Karin[79]   Sweden <1902 Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). A green apple with red flush. Flesh is juicy, subacid, good. Eating Pick late September
Star of Devon[6][13] Devonshire, England Introduced 1905 Oblong-shaped yellow apple with red stripes. AM from RHS in 1905. Flesh is white, soft, poor. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 48 mm (1.9 in). Eating PickE early October. Use October–April.
Stark[26][25]   Possibly Ohio, US <1867 Width 92 mm (3.6 in), height 84 mm (3.3 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Tree is vigorous, hardy, healthy. Flesh is yellow, firm, fine, tender, juicy, mild subacid, fair to good. Eating, cooking Use November–April
Stark Earliest[10][30][6][7]   Idaho, US 1938. Introduced 1944. Width 57–63 mm (2.2–2.5 in), height 45–60 mm (1.8–2.4 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Does nicely in fruit salads. Red striping on light background. Cold storage 4oC 20 days. Eating PickE early August. Use August–September.
Starkey[26]   Maine, US <1875 Stalk is medium-length. Flesh is white, juicy, crisp, subacid, very good. Eating Use October–January
Starr[8]   New Jersey, US <1870 Flesh is whitish, subacid. Good. Stalk is slender. Cooking Use July–September
Starking[10] (a.k.a. Starking Delicious, Double Red Delicious) (ru. Prevoshodnoe dvoinoe)[31][16]   Monroeville, New Jersey, USA 1921. Introduced 1924 A red mutation of Delicious. Width 60–80 mm (2.4–3.1 in), height 60–80 mm (2.4–3.1 in). Flesh is juicy, sweet. VitC 13. Density 0.82 Eating Use December–March
Starkspur Golden Delicious[86] Yakima, Washington, US Discovered 1959, introduced 1961 Mutation of Golden Delicious Eating
Stayman[25][26][125][7]   US 1866 Dullish red skin often covered with a light russet. Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Tart, wine-like flavour. Flesh is yellow, firm, coarse, tender, juicy, mild subacid, aromatic, good to very good. Stores well. Particularly known for tangy cider. Cold storage 1oC 150 days. DBH 166–175. Cider, cooking, eating Pick45 October 7. Pick55 September 25. Use January–May. DBH 167.
Staymanred[10] Virginia, US Discovered 1926. Introduced 1929 A red apple. Mutation of Stayman Winesap.
Stenkyrke[24]   Sweden c. 1750 A yellow conical apple. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Flesh is juicy, subacid, very good. Eating Use November–January
Sterappel (see Reinette Rouge Etoilee)
Stina Lohmann[31]   Kellinghusen, Holstein, Germany c. 1800 A yellow apple striped with red. Width 65–80 mm (2.6–3.1 in), height 50–65 mm (2.0–2.6 in). C 17. Flesh is yellow-white, crisp, juicy, subacid. C 17. Eating, cooking Use January–May
Stirling[10] British Columbia, Canada. Introduced 1936 P Yellow Newtown x unknown. Flesh is crisp, juicy. Short storage life. Eating
Stirling Castle[6][13][11][30][12]   Stirlingshire, Scotland <1831 Width 67–76 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 54–60 mm (2.1–2.4 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). Cells wide open obovate, abaxile. Medium size, round, flattish, even apple. Flesh is white, juicy, acid very soft. Old trees canker badly. Cooking PickE mid-September. Use September–December.
Stoke Edith Pippin[11] Herefordshire, England 1872 An excellent dessert apple. Flesh is yellow firm, crisp, brisk and juicy, sweet, and with a perfumed flavour. Width 50 mm (2.0 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). Eating Use November–February
Stolovača[18] Serbia <1900 A green apple. Width 65–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 45–55 mm (1.8–2.2 in). Weight 155–185 g (5.5–6.5 oz). Stalk is short. Flesh is white, subacid. Eating, cooking Pick late September–early October
Stonetosh[52] Canada Introduced 1922 P Stone x McIntosh. Fleshbis soft, juicy, sweet, white. Triploid. Eating Pick early October. Use October–February.
Strand Winesap see Red Winesap
Streifling Herbst Netherlands or Western Europe Sour-sweet flavor. Popular in Eastern Europe Eating, juice, jam, compote, drying
Striped Beefing[11][27][6][12]   Norfolk, England Found 1794, introduced 1847. One of the best culinary apples; for baking it is unrivalled. Width 90 mm (3.5 in), height 72 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 10 mm (0.39 in). Cells obovate, axile or abaxile. Baking PickE early October. Use November–February.
Strode's Birmingham (a.k.a. Strode's)[8]   Pennsylvania, US <1875 A small yellow apple. Flesh is yellow, juicy, subacid. Good to very good. Tree vigorous. Eating Use September.
Sturmer Pippin[6][30][39][11][12][33]   Sturmer,Haverhill, Suffolk, England <1831 A bright greenish-yellow apple with a reddish-brown blush, often on one face only. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 12–25 mm (0.47–0.98 in). Cells obovate, axile, closed. Flesh white, crisp, juicy, subacid, aromatic. One of the best English keeping apples, with proper storage Sturmer Pippin lasts 4 to 5 months. Flavour is sprightly, more sharp than sweet when first picked, but improves dramatically in storage, becoming sweeter and richer, while maintaining its crisp texture. This keeping ability made it ideal for long journeys, as such, it was brought to Australia where it is still widely grown. Parent of Granny Smith. Eating Pick mid-October. Use January–April.
Sugar Loaf Pippin[32][12] A green conical apple. Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 85 mm (3.3 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Cells elliptical, abaxile. Pick early August.
Suislepper[23] Estonia <1870 Flesh soft and aromatic. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). VitC 22. Eating Pick September. Use September.
Šumatovka (a.k.a. Popadija)[18] Serbia <1900 A yellow apple with red flush. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Weight 117 g (4.1 oz). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Flesh white, firm, crisp, sweet, subacid. Tree extremely vigorous. Eating, cooking Pick October. Use November–January.
Summer Bellflower[26]   New York, US <1848 Flesh tender, subacid, good. P Esopus Spitzenburg x unknown. Eating
Summerfree Italy 1998 Resistant to scab. Spreading habit with moderate vigour, fruit is large, average weight of 175 g (6.2 oz), skin is smooth, ripens 1–2 days before Gala, good storage ability. Eating
Summer Golden Pippin[11][12]   England <1800 A small apple, ripe in the end of August. Richer flavour than Yellow Ingestrie. Width 51 mm (2.0 in), height 54 mm (2.1 in). Cells obovate, axile, closed. Flesh yellowish, firm, very juicy, vinous and sugary flavour. The tree is a small grower. It is an early and abundant bearer. Eating PickE late august. Use within two weeks.
Summer Pearmain see Autumn Pearmain.
Summer Pearmain American (a.k.a. Early Summer Pearmain, American Summer Pearmain, Early Summer Pearmain)[56][70][57]   US <1817 Greenish yellow with red overcolour. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 23 mm (0.91 in). Flesh yellowish, juicy, aromatic, mild, subacid. Eating Use August–September.
Summer Pippin[8]   Unknown origin, US, probably New York. <1800 Flesh white, tender, moderately juicy, subacid. Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk variable. Cavity deep. Cooking Pick mid August. Use August–September.
Summer Pound Royal (a.k.a. Pound Royale, Orange)[8]   Unknown origin, US <1800 Flesh white, fine-grained tender, juicy, subacid. Width 85 mm (3.3 in), height 71 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Tree is a strong grower. Once a profitable market variety. Eating Use August–September.
Summer Queen[9][57]   US <1806 Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 33 mm (1.3 in). Cavity deep. Flesh yellow, acid, spicy, aromatic. Cooking Use July–August.
Summer Rambo (see Rambour Franc)
Summerred[6][24][3][7]   British Columbia, Canada 1964, introduced 1974. Red apple. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). P (McIntosh x Golden Delicious) x unknown. Flesh is yellow to white, soft, juicy, subacid. Cold storage 1oC 60 days. Eating Pick early September, PickG late August–early September. Use September–October.
Summer Rose[9][57]   New Jersey <1806 A small apple. One of the best early apples. Flesh white, juicy, subacid. Cooking, eating Use June–August.
Summerset[82] Ohio, US 2001, patented 2018 Parentage Honeycrisp x Fuji. Flesh crisp, firm, juicy. Susceptible to scab and powdery mildew.
Summer Spitzenburg[26]   New York, US <1872 Flesh is juicy, aromatic, good to very good. Biennial. Eating Pick August. Use August–September.
Suncrisp[196][221] N.J. US Selected 1971, introduced 1992 Width 79 mm, height 73 mm. Parentage Golden Delicious x (Cortland x Cox Orange Pippin). Overcolor 28%. Flesh cream-colored, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid, aromatic. Eating Pick 11 days after Golden Delicious.
Sundance[222] US Cross made 1964, selected 1972, introduced 2004. A greenish-yellow apple. Width 77 mm (3.0 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Stalk 18 mm (0.71 in). P Golden Delicious x (Winter Banana x PRI 2–19). SS 12.4%, TA 0.44%. Eating, juice Pick 10–17 October. Use November–April.
Sunrise[196][221] Summerland B.C. Canada Introduced 1991 Width 75 mm, height 67 mm. A late summer apple. Flesh firm, crisp, juicy, sweet. PickE late August. Use August - September.
Sunset[30][6]agm[223][7]   England Raised 1918, named 1933 Easy to grow. Width 61–63 mm (2.4–2.5 in), height 51–54 mm (2.0–2.1 in). Stalk 15–22 mm (0.59–0.87 in). Has very similar flavour to Cox's Orange Pippin. Does not so well in heat. Cold storage 3oC 150 days. Eating Pick late September. Use October–December.
Suntan[30][6] [224][42]   Kent, England Raised 1955, introduced 1974 Fruits ripen orange-red, Flesh sharp and aromatic. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 54–56 mm (2.1–2.2 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Tree vigorous. TRI Eating Pick mid-October. Use November–January.
Superior[10] Michigan, US Introduced 1930 P Duchess x Wealthy. Eating Use–December.
Surprise[8]   Possibly the US A small apple. Flesh stained with red. Eating Use November–January.
Sutton Beauty[8]   Sutton, Massachusetts c. 1757 Flesh is whitish, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid. Eating Use November–February.
Swaar (a.k.a. Hardwick)[8][26][25][5][33]   New York, US <1804 Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 19–26 mm (0.75–1.02 in). Flesh is yellowish, tender, aromatic, spicy, very good to best. Once one of the finest flavored apples in America. The trees bear fair crops. Eating PickE early October. Use October–March.
SweeTango (a.k.a. Minneiska)[123]   Minnesota, US Selected 1987. Introduced 2009. A yellow to green apple with red overcolor (70–95%). Width 70–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in). Flesh is creamy white, crisp, juicy. subacid. Viewed as a successor to the Honeycrisp by many growers.[who?] Eating Pick 3–10 days before Gala.
Sweet Bough (a.k.a. Early Bough, Large Yellow Bough)[56][25][57]   US <1806 One of the finest summer apples, greenish-yellow. Flesh is white, juicy, slightly aromatic, good to very good. AC s. Eating Use August–September.
Sweet Delicious[10]   Geneva, New York, US Introduced 1922 P Deacon Jones x Delicious. DBH 156. Eating, baking Pick50 October 3. PickE early October. Use November–January.
Sweet McIntosh[10]   Geneva, New York, US Introduced 1922 P Lawver x McIntosh. Eating, baking
Sweet Pippin[8]   US <1830 Stalk short. Flesh is firm, moderately juicy, sweet. Good. Tree productive. Eating Use November–December
Sweet Pippin (see Moore Sweet)
Sweet Pippin (see Hog Island Sweet)
Sweet Rambo[8]   Pennsylvania,US ? Flesh whitish, juicy. Good to very good. Tree vigorous, not an early bearer. Eating Use October–December.
Sweet Romanite[9][8]   US <1850 Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh is yellow, juicy, very sweet. Good to very good. Tree hardy, moderate bearer. Baking, cider, eating Use December–April.
Sweet Russet[9][8]   US <1850 Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk slender, 11 mm (0.43 in). Flesh is yellow, tender, juicy, sweet. Tree moderately vigorous. Baking Use August.
Sweet Russet (see Pumpkin Russet)
Sweet Russet (see Cheeseboro)
Sweet Sixteen[152][42] Minnesota, US Cross made 1937, selected 1950, introduced 1973. Large fruit, some russeting near top. Diameter 69–89 mm (2.7–3.5 in). Moderately acidic taste. P (Malinda x unknown) x Northern Spy. Tree is moderately vigorous. DBH 125–135. Eating Pick45 October 14.
Sweet Winesap (a.k.a. Hendrick Sweet)[25]   US <1854 A medium to large sized apple. Flesh, white, firm, fine, crisp, tender, juicy, sweet. Good to very good. Eating Use November - March.
Sweet Zinger[82] Ohio, US 2001 Parentage Goldrush x Sweet 16. Resistant to fire blight and scab. Eating Pick early October in northeast Ohio.
Swiss Gourmet see Arlet
Switzer[26]   Russia <1870 Flesh is white, juicy, subacid, good. Biennial. Cooking, eating Pick August. Use September–October.
Syke House Russet(fr. Syke-House)[13][12][33]   Yorkshire, England[11] 1780 Width 65 mm, height 52 mm. Stalk 12 mm. Cells small, obovate, axile. Flesh yellowish, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid. One of the most excellent dessert apples. The tree is a free grower and an excellent bearer. Eating Use October–February

T edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Talman's Sweet (see Tolman Sweet)
Talvikaneli (see Vinterkanel)
Talvikki[37] Finland 2003 A large green apple with red flush. P Lobo x Yläkautto. Cooking, eating Pick mid-October.
Tamplin (a.k.a. Cissy)[13] Monmoutshire, Wales <1800 Crimson red with dark broken stripes. AM from RHS in 1902. Flesh is yellowish, poor. Eating PickE early September. Use September.
Taunton Cross[5]   Bristol, England 1919 Parentage Wealthy x ? Flesh white, soft, subacid. Tree vigorous. Eating PickE mid September. Use October - November.
Teser United States 1944 Resistant to scab. Eating
Tart Bough (a.k.a. Sour Bough)[8]   US <1830 Flesh is white, tender, juicy, subacid. Use August.
Tart Bough (see Early Harvest)
Tart Bough (see Champlain)
Telamon (a.k.a. Waltz)[42]   Kent, England Raised 1976. Introduced 1989 Flesh: sweet, crisp, juicy. Parentage McIntosh Wijcik x Golden Delicious. Eating PickE early October
Telstar[6]   New Zealand 1934 P Golden Delicious x Kidds Orange Red. Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk is long. Flesh is white, crisp, juicy, sweet. Eating Pick mid-October. Use November–December.
Tetofski[9][25]   Russia <1831 A small apple. Flesh is yellowish-white, firm, coarse, tender, aromatic juicy, subacid, fair to good. Cooking Use June–July
Tewkesbury (a.k.a. Tewkesbury Winter Blush)[8]   New Jersey, US <1850 Width 60 mm (2.4 in), height 45 mm (1.8 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in). Flesh is yellow, subacid. Eating Use January–July.
Thomas Rivers (a.k.a. River's Codlin)[13][52]   Hertfordshire, England <1892 Round, conical, pale yellow with slight brownish flush, flesh crisp, yellowish, acid cooks extremely well. P Mother x Dumelow. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1892. Width and height 64 mm (2.5 in). Raised by Rivers' Nursery. Cooking PickE early–mid-September. Use September–October.
Thompson[26]   Iowa, US <1892 Flesh is white, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, fair to good. Stalk is medium-length. Eating Use October–December.
Thorle Pippin (see Whorle Pippin)
Tiganka (a.k.a. Tiganka Alaia)[18] Moldova <1900 A red apple. Width 73–82 mm (2.9–3.2 in), height 70–75 mm (2.8–3.0 in). Weight 80–115 g (2.8–4.1 oz). Stalk short. Flesh is juicy, subacid. Cooking, eating Pick mid-September. Use October–November.
Tiganka Grie[18] Moldova <1900 A green apple with red flush. Width 70–85 mm (2.8–3.3 in), height 70–85 mm (2.8–3.3 in), weight 85–125 g (3.0–4.4 oz). Stalk medium to long. Flesh is juicy, subacid. Cooking, eating
Tinmoth[26]   Vermont, US >1857 Flesh is tender, juicy, subacid, peculiar flavor, good. Tree is very productive. Eating Use October–December.
Titovka (a.k.a. Titus Apple)[26][25]   Russia <1870 Flesh is white, juicy, subacid, good to very good. Tree is vigorous. Cooking Use August–September.
Titus Pippin[8]   Long Island, US <1870 Flesh is whitish yellow, juicy, tender, subacid. Good. Tree is productive. Eating Use December–February.
Tobias[37] Finland Introduced 2003 A red conical apple. P Lobo x Huvitus. Cooking, eating Pick early October.
Tolman Sweet (a.k.a. Talman's Sweet)[9][25][26]   US 1822 Very sweet apple. Width 79 mm (3.1 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 27 mm (1.1 in). Once used to make dried fruit for winter. Flesh white, firm, dry, sweet, good to very good. Cider, cooking Use October–March.
Tom Putt[30][6][12]   Trent, Dorset, England <1800 Small to medium, flat and irregularly shaped apple. Green, usually covered entirely with a bright red blush. Width 65–78 mm (2.6–3.1 in), height 55–63 mm (2.2–2.5 in). Cells ovate, axile, open. Crisp, sharp flavour. An excellent cooker and ideal single-variety cider apple. Softens during storage. Tree is vigorous and precocious. Scab-resistant. Seedling found by a Rev. Tom Putt of Trent, Somerset, England in the late 1700s. Triploid. Cider, cooking PickE early September. Use September–November.
Tompkins King (or King)[26][25]   United States Possibly 1804 Extremely large apple, and of excellent quality both as a dessert fruit and for cooking. The fruit shape is uniform and the skin mostly red with some yellow stripes. The flesh is yellowish and crisp. The fruit does not keep as well as some other apple cultivars. Eating
Topaz[20]   Czech Republic 1990 Parentage: Rubin × Vanda, scab-resistant, sharp flavour. Cider, cooking, eating Pick one week after Golden Delicious.
Tower of Glammis(fr. Tour de Glammis)[11][30][12][33]   Angus, Scotland. <1800 A first rate culinary apple, once very popular in Lanarkshire. Greenish in colour, with some russeting near the stalk considered normal.[225] Width 73 mm (2.9 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 12–15 mm (0.47–0.59 in). Cells roundish obovate, abaxile. Triploid. Cooking. Pick late October. Use November–February.
Townsend[8]   Pennsylvania, US <1785 Stalk is long. Flesh is white, tender, subacid, good to very good. Tree is healthy, vigorous. Good to very good. Eating Pick late August.
Traders Fancy[9]   Pennsylvania, US <1840 Flesh is white, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good to very good. Tree is vigorous. Cooking Use January–May.
Trajan[52][226] Kent, England Introduced 1989 Parentage Wijcik McIntosh x Golden Delicious. Dark red. Flesh is crisp, juicy, sweet. Pick September. Biennial bearing. Eating Use September–October.
Trenton Early[9][8]   New Jersey, USA Introduced 1852 Flesh is white, tender, juicy, subacid. Tree moderately vigorous, quite productive. Cooking, eating Use August–September.
Trogsta[24][28]   Sweden <1900 Width 59–71 mm (2.3–2.8 in), height 50–59 mm (2.0–2.3 in). Stalk 9 mm (0.35 in). Flesh is juicy, good. Eating Pick September.
Tropical Beauty[17] South Africa c. 1930 P unknown. Flesh is soft, poor. Eating PickE early October. Use November–January.
Tropic Sweet[17] Florida Introduced 1996 P polycross from Jerseymac x Anna selections. Width 70 mm (2.8 in). One of a handful of apple varieties that will grow in Florida; will not do well in cold weather at all. Eating
Trumbull Sweet (a.k.a. Fenton Sweet)[9]   Ohio, US <1850 Flesh is white, juicy, sweet. Tree is vigorous, productive, early bearer. Baking Use September–October
Tsáriskij schip[37] Estonia <1880 Medium size conical. Yellow with red stripes. Cooking, eating Pick September. Use September.
Tsugaru[42]   Aomori, Japan 1930 A large apple. Parentage Golden Delicious × Jonathan Flesh firm, tender, mild, sweet, juicy, subacid. Eating Pick 3 week before Delicious
Tufts[26]   Wisconsin, US 1855 Flesh is crisp, mild subacid, fair to good. Stalk is long. Eating Use October–December.
Tulpachoken see Fallawater
Tumanga (a.k.a. Auralia)[4][3]   Germany 1930 A green apple with red flush. Width 66–80 mm (2.6–3.1 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in), weight 110–195 g (3.9–6.9 oz). Density 0.82 Eating PickE late September. PickG mid–late October. Pickg September 23–October 15. Use November–February.
Turley[10]   Indiana, US Introduced 1922. P Winesap x unknown. Tree bears annually, very productive. DBH 162. Cooking Pick50 October 17.
Twenty Ounce[9][56][25][26]   New York <1844 Huge: apple weighs nearly 500 g (1.1 lb). Green overlaid with broad red striping. Stalk is short, thick. Flesh is whitish-yellow, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Excellent cooker. Nice juice qualities. Cider, cooking, eating Use September–October. PickE early October.
Tydeman's Early Worcester[6][30]   England Raised 1929, introduced 1945 Parentage: Mclntosh × Worcester Pearmain. Crimson over yellow background colour. Flesh is white, juicy, sweet with strong aroma. Width 60–69 mm (2.4–2.7 in), height 54–60 mm (2.1–2.4 in). Stalk 17–20 mm (0.67–0.79 in). Eating Pick50 August 22. PickE mid-August. Use August–mid-September.
Tydeman's Late Orange[6][30][227] England Raised 1930, introduced 1949 or 1945 Parentage: Laxton Superb x Cox Orange Pippin. Good storage qualities, but loses fragrance with age. Width 58–65 mm (2.3–2.6 in), height 55–60 mm (2.2–2.4 in). Stalk 15–25 mm (0.59–0.98 in). Sometimes cultivated in California; one of a handful of British apples that will thrive in the state. Eating PickE mid-October. Use December–April.
Tydeman's Michaelmas Red see Michaelmas Red.
Tyler's Kernel[13][12]   Herefordshire, England <1883 A pale yellow apple. Width 64 mm (2.5 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Cells obovate, axile open or abaxile. FCC from RHS in 1883. Rather subject to canker. Cooking PickE mid-October. Use November–January.

U edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Undine[3][7]   Germany 1961 Green with some orange overcolour. Width 77–80 mm (3.0–3.1 in), height 68 mm (2.7 in). Weight 180–230 g (6.3–8.1 oz). Stalk 20–30 mm (0.79–1.18 in). P Jonathan x unknown. Cold storage 2oC 180 days. Eating PickE mid-October. PickG late October. Use November–February.
Upton Pyne[6]

 

Devon, England Introduced 1910 A yellow apple with little or no flush. Width 82 mm (3.2 in), height 77 mm (3.0 in). Flesh is creamy white, firm, juicy, fair. Cooking, eating PickE late September. Use December–March.
Utter[26]   Wisconsin, US 1855 Flesh is crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Tree is a regular grower, healthy, productive. Eating Use October–December.
Uttwiler Spätlauber   Switzerland 1750 Eating

V edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Valinhense[17] Brazil P unknown. Very firm tart apple. Cooking
Valmore[10] California, US Introduced 1934 P unknown. Cooking
Vance Delicious[10] Virginia, US Discovered 1930. Introduced 1935. Mutation of Delicious. Eating
Vanderspiegel[8]   Bennington, Vermont, US <1875 Flesh is yellow, crisp, juicy, subacid. Tree is productive. Eating Use December–February.
Vandervere (a.k.a. Large Vandervere, Vandervere Pippin, Yellow Vandervere)[9]   US <1806 Flesh is yellow, firm, juicy, acid. Tree is vigorous, productive, bearing annually. Cooking Use December.
Venus Pippin[13] Devonshire, England c. 1800 A pale yellow-green apple. AM from RHS in 1899. Flesh is tender, pale yellow, juicy. Cooking, eating PickE early August. Use September–October.
Verorja[18] Albania A greenish yellow apple with red stripes. Width 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in), height 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in). Weight 100–120 g (3.5–4.2 oz). Flesh is crisp, juicy, subacid. Eating Pick late July–early August.
Vicking[52] South Daktota, US Introduced 1925 Flesh is brisk, soft, juicy. Eating Pick late August. Use August–September.
Victoria Sweet[25]   Possibly New York, US c. 1840 A red apple. Tree is vigorous. Flesh is yellow, firm, tender, juicy, sweet, good to very good. Eating, cooking, baking Use October–January.
Victory 1[10] Minnesota, US Introduced 1943 Flesh is white, juicy, aromatic. Eating Use October 15–March 15.
Victory 2 (see George Carpenter)
Vidovdanka[18] Serbia <1900 A green apple with red flush covering 85%. Width 62 mm (2.4 in), height 62–74 mm (2.4–2.9 in). Weight 130 g (4.6 oz). Flesh is juicy, acid. Eating Pick August.
Vinterkanel (a.k.a. Talvikaneli)[37] Finland Introduced 2003 A red apple. P Lobo x Rödkanel. Cooking, eating Pick early October.
Violette[11] France 1628 A culinary apple of second-rate quality. Cooking PickE mid-September. Use October–March
Virginia Greening[9]   Virginia <1835 Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 65 mm (2.6 in). Flesh is white, subacid. Cooking Use January–April.
Virginischer Rosenapfel (cs. Letni panenske ruzové, Virginské ruźové, de. Virginischer Rosenapfel, fr. Rose de Virginie, pl. Rozanka wirgioniska sv. Vitgylling, Virginskt Rosenäpple)[23][24][27][16]   Europe <1800 Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Flesh is sweet, subacid, fair to good. Cooking PickE late August. Use early September.
Vista Bella[189][3]   New Brunswick, New Jersey, US Cross made 1956, selected 1962, introduced 1974. A yellow-green apple with red flush. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Weight 100 g (3.5 oz). Stalk 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in). Flesh is creamy white, aromatic, crisp. P ((Melba x Sonora) x ((Williams x Starr) x USDA34)) x Julyred. Eating Ripens with Melba. PickE early August. PickG late August–mid-September
Vitgylling see Virginisher Rosenapfel
Von Zuccalmaglios Rennete(cs. Zukalmagliova reneta)[3][16][7]   Germany 1878 Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 61 mm (2.4 in), weight 115 g (4.1 oz). Flesh is crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid to sweet. Biennial. Cold storage 0oC 180 days. VitC 14. Density 0.78 Eating, cooking PickE mid-October. Use November–March.
Vuokko[37] Finland Introduced 1999 A green apple. P Melba x Huvitus. Flesh is juicy, sweet, subacid. Cooking, eating Pick late August–early September.
Vusanka[18] Montenegro <1900 A greenish yellow apple with red flush. Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Weight 132 g (4.7 oz). Stalk medium to long. Flesh is juicy, sweet. Eating, cider Pick early October. Use November–April.

W edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Wadhurst Pippin[13][11][12] Sussex, England <1850 A culinary apple of excellent quality. Cells ovate, axile, slit. Cooking, eating PickE early October. Use October to February.
Wagener(cs. Wagenerovo)[9][6][8][30][26][25][27]   New York, US 1791 Antique American variety, known since Colonial times. Tree is hardy, early bearer, scab-resistant. Green with red flush. Flesh is yellowish, tender, subacid and vinous, very good to best. Width 70–88 mm (2.8–3.5 in), height 51–63 mm (2.0–2.5 in), stalk 13–26 mm (0.51–1.02 in). Keeps very well. Very versatile in kitchen; not only does it cook well, but makes a good single-variety cider. Wagener is a parent of Idared, to which it imparts its keeping and cooking qualities. Cider, cooking, eating PickE early October. Use November–February.
Wanstall[11][12] Kent, England raised early 1800s A dessert apple of the first quality, equal in flavour to the Ribston Pippin and will keep until May. Cells obovate, axile. Flesh is yellow, firm crisp, juicy, rich, sugary, and highly flavoured. Eating
Warder[10] Ohio, US Introduced 1937 P Rome Beauty x unknown. Eating Pick October 1 in Ohio.
Warner's King[6][27] agm[228][30][12][27]   Kent, England c. 1700 Oblong and light green. Very tart. Width 90–95 mm (3.5–3.7 in), height 62–76 mm (2.4–3.0 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Cells roundish ovate, abaxile. Should be cooked before eating; not suitable as an uncooked eating apple. Triploid. Cooking PickE late September. Use November–February.
Washington Strawberry[6][8]   New York, US <1849 Width 88 mm (3.5 in), height 75 mm (3.0 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh is yellow, crisp, tender, juicy, brisk subacid. Eating PickE mid-September. Use September–October.
Washu 1984 Japan c. 1920 Conical with light green skin and dark freckles, with a firm, white, bruise-resistant flesh and a sweet, low-acid flavor with tropical undertones. Eating
Water[8]   Pennsylvania, US <1850 Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 70 mm (2.8 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh is white, tender, juicy, subacid. Eating Use October–November.
Waterman Sweet[8]   US <1875 Yellow with red flush. Flesh is yellow, juicy, sweet. Eating Use December–March.
Wealthy(ru. Plodorodnoe.)[6][30][25][31][15][16]   Excelsior, Minnesota, US <1860

Pretty reddish pink coat. Flesh is white, fine, crisp, tender, very juicy, subacid, aromatic, good to very good. Believed at one time Minnesota was too cold to grow apples until "Wealthy" was cultivated. Now a parent to many apples for resistance to temperatures below freezing. Still available in upper Midwest. Width 67–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 53–61 mm (2.1–2.4 in). Stalk 10–22 mm (0.39–0.87 in). Parentage Jonathan x Ducess of Oldenburg. VitC 14. DBH 116.

Eating Pick50 September 1. PickE mid-September. Use September–December.
Webster[10] Geneva, New York, US 1921, Introduced 1938 P (Ben Davis x Jonathan) x (Ben Davis x Jonathan). A large red apple. Triploid. Cooking PickE early October. Use October–December.
Wedge[10]   Minnesota, US 1912, Introduced 1922 P Ben Davis x unknown. A large apple. Use October–November.
Weidner's Goldreinette(fr. Reinette Weidner)[33][5]   Germany 1844 Width 82–91 mm, height 75 mm. Stalk 13 mm. Flesh, yellowish, fine-grained, tender, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid. Eating PickE mid-October. Use January–March
Weisser Rosmarinapfel see White Romarin
Weisser Taffetapfel (a.k.a. Weisser Winter taffetapfel, fr. Taffetas Blanc, ru. Taftianoe beloe zimnee)[27][169][16]   ? <1820 A yellow apple with red overcolor. Width 63–67 mm, height 47–54 mm. Stalk 17 mm. Flesh white, juicy, subacid. Eating, Cooking Pick October. Use November - April.
Weisskante[27]   Germany <1850 Width 66 mm (2.6 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Cooking, eating Use November–March.
Well apple (see Domine)
Well apple (see Titus Pippin)
Wellspur[7][5]   Discovered 1952, introduced 1958. A sport of Starking. Cold storage 0.5oC 120 days. Eating
Welschisner[14]   Austria 1659 A greenish-yellow apple with red flush. Width 75 mm (3.0 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Stalk is short. Flesh is whitish yellow, aromatic, subacid. Quality is good for eating. Eating Pick mid-October. Use January–May.
Werder Golden Reinette[13] Potsdam, Germany <1904 Golden yellow striped with crimson. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). Tree is vigorous. Flesh is firm, yellowish, sweet, good. Am from RHS in 1904. Eating
Western Beauty(a.k.a. Musgroves Cooper, Big Rambo, Ohio Beauty)[9][229]   US <1850 Width 89 mm (3.5 in), height 74 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Flesh is light yellow, tender, juicy, vinous, subacid. Tree is vigorous, productive, early bearer. Cooking, eating Use August–December.
Western Giant[10] California, US Introduced 1948 A large Apple P unknown. Ripens before Red Astrachan.
Westfield Seek-No-Further (a.k.a. Westfield)[9][26][25]   Westfield, Massachusetts, US <1800 A medium-sized conic to truncate-conic apple. Width 70 mm (2.8 in), height 58 mm (2.3 in). Stalk 20 mm (0.79 in). Greenish-yellow, dull skin, flushed orange with carmine stripes, russet dots and patches. Shaded fruit are often irregularly russeted all over, with little colour showing. Flesh is light buttery-yellow, firm but tender, and moderately fine-grained. Flavour is nicely balanced, a honey-like sweetness balanced with a lemon-like citric acidity, rich, notes of pear and vanilla. Vigorous grower, some disease resistance. Eating PickE late September. Use October–December.
Wheeler's Russet[11][50][12]   England <1717 Medium-sized fruit, entirely covered with pale yellowish grey russet. Cells ovate, axile, closed. A highly flavoured dessert apple of the first quality. Triploid. Eating PickE late October. Use November–April
Whetstone[10]   Missouri, US Introduced 1935 P Conard x Delicious. Quality is fair. Tree is vigorous.
White Astrachan[23][12]   Sweden or Russia <1800 Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in).Cells ovate axile. Flesh white, semi-transparent, tender, juicy, subacid. Eating Pick August.
White Doctor[8]   Pennsylvania, US <1875 A large greenish-yellow apple. Stalk short. Tree is vigorous. Flesh is white, subacid, good. Cooking Use September–October.
White June (see Yellow June)
White Pippin (a.k.a. Canada Pippin)[8][26][25]   US or Canada <1848 A yellow apple. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 65–70 mm (2.6–2.8 in). Stalk 12–18 mm (0.47–0.71 in). Flesh is white, crisp, juicy, subacid, very good to best. Eating Use January–March.
White Romarin (de. Weisser Rosmarinapfel, Edelweisser, fr. Romarin blanc, Romarin blanche, ru. Rosmarin belîi) [16]   Italy <1798 A yellow conical apple. With 60 – 70 mm, height 66–73 mm. Stalk long. Flesh fine, tender, sweet to subacid. Eating
White Sweet[8]   New Jersey, US <1875 Tree isvigorous. Flesh is white, sweet, good. Cider, cooking Use September–October.
White Transparent[6][13][3][25][15][7]   Latvia 1850 Very pale green skin. Flesh is white, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Fruit bruises easily and goes soft once harvested. Width 55–72 mm (2.2–2.8 in), height 55–68 mm (2.2–2.7 in), weight 85–100 g (3.0–3.5 oz). Stalk 26 mm (1.0 in). AM from RHS in 1895. Cold storage 4oC 20 days. VitC 15. Density 0.77 DBH 75 Cooking, pie, eating Pick45 August 1. Pick50 July 22. Pick55 July 10. PickE late July–early August. Pickg July 15–August 7. Use July–August.
White Winter Pearmain[9][8][26]   US <1830 Width 74–79 mm (2.9–3.1 in), height 62–73 mm (2.4–2.9 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in). Tree is vigorous. Flesh is yellow, crisp, juicy, very good. Eating, cooking Use December–March.
Whitney Russet[9]   US <1850 Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 52 mm (2.0 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh id grennish-yellow, juicy, subacid, aromatic, spicy. Eating Use December–February.
Whorle Pippin (a.k.a. Lady Derby, Thorle Pippin)[11][5]   Scotland <1831 Summer dessert apple of first-rate quality. Flesh white, firm, crisp and very juicy, with a brisk flavour. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 51 mm (2.0 in). Eating PickE late August. Use August–September.
Wickham's Pearmain[11] Hampshire, England <1875 A pearmain-shaped yellow apple with red overcolour on the side next the sun. Width and height 50 mm (2.0 in). Flesh is greenish yellow, crisp, juicy, and highly flavoured. An excellent dessert apple. Eating
Wickson[10] California, US Introduced 1944 A red oblong apple. P Yellow Newtown x Spitzenberg crab. Flesh juicy. Jam, jelly, cider
Wickstrands favorit[24]   Sweden <1900 A green apple. Width 65 mm (2.6 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Flesh sweet. Eating Pick October. Use October–December.
Wijcik McIntosh[129]   British Columbia, Canada Mid-1960s A green apple with 70% red overcolor. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Weight 164 g (5.8 oz). Mutation of McIntosh apple that first showed columnar ornamental properties. SS 12.6 TA 0.88 Eating, cooking, ornamental
Wild Twist[230]   US 2011 Honeycrisp x Cripps Pink. Commercially available in 2020.
Wilhelmapfel (see Kaiser Wilhelm)
William Crump[6][13][30]   Worcestershire, England <1908 High-quality, well-coloured dessert apple. Raised at Rowe's Nurseries, Worcester, England. AM from RHS in 1908. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1910. A yellow apple half covered with red flush. Width 70–74 mm (2.8–2.9 in), height 58–63 mm (2.3–2.5 in). Stalk 13 mm (0.51 in). Eating PickE mid-October. Use December–February.
Williams Favourite (a.k.a. Williams, Williams Early)[13][23][26][25][5]   Roxbury, Massachusetts, US c. 1750 Width 56–69 mm (2.2–2.7 in), height 52–69 mm (2.0–2.7 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). AM from RHS in 1895. Flesh is crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, good. Tree is moderately vigorous. Eating Pick September. Use September–November.
Williams Pride (a.k.a. Co-op 23)[17][231][42] Indiana, US Cross made 1973, selected 1979, introduced 1987 Flesh is light cream, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid, spicy, rich, excellent. Purple-red overcolor, nearly 100%. Width 74 mm (2.9 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Parentage PRI 1018-101 x NJ 50. Eating Pick45 August 15. Pick55 August 1.
Willie Sharpe[17] New Zealand Early 1900s Light green, round, medium-sized apple. Flesh is sweet, subacid, good. Eating
Willis Sweet (a.k.a. Pear Lot)[8]   Long Island, US c. 1800 Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 73 mm (2.9 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Very good. Flesh is juicy, sweet. Eating, cooking, baking. Use August–September.
Willow Twig (a.k.a. James River)[8][9][26]   US <1848 Yellow with red flush. Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 68–73 mm (2.7–2.9 in). Stalk 22 mm (0.87 in). Flesh is pleasant, subacid. Valuable for late keeping
Windsor[25][26]   US <1889 Flesh is juicy, aromatic, good to very good. Eating Use October–March.
Wine[9]   US <1850 A large apple. Flesh is yellow, juicy, acid to subacid. Tree is very large. Cooking, eating Use November–December.
Winecrisp (a.k.a. Coop 31)[232][233] New Jersey, US Cross made 1969, selected 1976 A round to oblong 100% red apple. Similar in shape and color to Winesap. Diameter 60–65 mm (2.4–2.6 in), height 60–63 mm. Weight 200 g (7.1 oz). Stalk 5–8 mm (0.20–0.31 in). Flesh is yellow-white, crisp, juicy. Tree moderately vigorous, annual and heavy bearing. SS 12.75 DBH 172. Eating Pick45 October 10. Pick55 September 30. Use October–April.
Winesap[8][9][25][26][7]   United States 1817 Sweet with tangy finish. Reddish blush flecked with some green. Width 67 mm (2.6 in), height 63 mm (2.5 in). Stalk 17–20 mm (0.67–0.79 in). Flesh is yellow, firm, coarse, crisp, juicy, subacid, good to very good. Cold storage 0oC 150 days. Cider, eating Pick45 October 20. PickE late October. Use October–March.
Winston (Winter King)[6] agm[234][30][15][7]   Berkshire, England c. 1935 A yellow to green apple with red flush and stripes (40–70%). Cox Orange × Worcester Pearmain. Originally called Winter King because of its extraordinary keeping ability, renamed during World War II for Winston Churchill. Width 65–72 mm (2.6–2.8 in), height 60–64 mm (2.4–2.5 in). Stalk 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in). Cold storage 3-4oC 140 days. Eating PickE mid-October. Use December –April.
Winter Banana(cs. Banánové zimni, fr. Banane d'hiver, ru. Zimnee bananovoe, Banan zimnii, Bananovoe)[6][17][25][26][31][5][16]   Adamsboro, Cass County, Indiana, US 1876 Large, late dessert apple for use in December to March. Award of Merit from RHS in 1912. A golden yellow apple. 25–75% flushed with pinkish brown. Width 78 mm (3.1 in), height 71 mm (2.8 in). Flesh is yellow, firm, crisp, aromatic, juicy, mild subacid good to very good. VitC 13–20. Eating PickE early October. PickG mid–late October. Use December–March.
Winter Gem[235][5]   Faversham, Kent, England raised 1975, introduced 1993 Flesh crisp, juicy, aromatic. Eating PickE early October. Use November - January.
Winter Harvey[8]   US <1850 Flesh us white, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Tree is vigorous. Eating Use January–March
Winter Maiden's Blush[8]   Pennsylvania, US <1850 Flesh is white, crisp, tender, subacid, very good. Stalk is short. Eating
Winter Pearmain[11][12]   England <1600 A narrow conical ribbed apple. Width 70–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in), height 70–80 mm (2.8–3.1 in). Stalk is very short. Cells ovate, axile. Flesh is yellow, firm crisp, juicy and a very pleasant flavour. Eating, cooking PickE early October. Use December–April.
Winter Pomeroy[12] Possibly England <1850 Width 76 mm (3.0 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Stalk is long. Flesh is yellow, crisp, sub-acid. Cooking Use December–January.
Winter Prinzenapfel[27]   Germany <1887 Width 69 mm (2.7 in), height 69–72 mm (2.7–2.8 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Flesh is juicy, sweet, good. Eating, cooking Use December–March.
Winter Quarrenden (a.k.a. Stubb's Seedlin)[13] Nottinghamshire, England <1895 A bright crimson apple. Width 63 mm (2.5 in), height 57 mm (2.2 in). AM from RHS in 1895. P London Pippin x Devonshire Quarrenden. Flesh is greenish-yellow, poor. Eating PickE early October. Use November–December.
Winter Quittenapfel[27]   <1830 Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 58–60 mm (2.3–2.4 in). Stalk 11 mm (0.43 in). Cooking, eating Use December–April.
Winter Quoining[12][29] England <1700 Width 57 mm (2.2 in), height 64 mm (2.5 in). Cells obovate, abaxile. Flesh is greenish yellow, tender, soft, not very juicy, sugary, perfumed. Cooking, eating Use November–May.
Winterrambour (see Rheinischer Winterrambour)
Wintertaffetapfel (a.k.a. Weisser Wintertaffetapfel)[31]   <1797 A yellow apple. Width 65–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), height 45–55 mm (1.8–2.2 in). VitC 8–21. Eating, juice Use December–April
Winter Zitronenapfel (a.k.a. Winter-Citronenapfel, Citron d'hiver, Reinette du roi, König's Reinette, cs. Citronové zimní)[27]   Germany <1726 Width 72–79 mm (2.8–3.1 in), height 57–67 mm (2.2–2.6 in).Flesh yellow to white, subacid, not aromatic. TRI Cooking, eating, cider Pick October. Use December–April.
Winthrop Greening (a.k.a. Lincoln Pippin, Hove Apple)[8]   Winthrop, Maine, US <1875 Stalk is short. Flesh is white, tender, juicy, subacid. Eating Use September.
Witos[4] Poland
Wolf River[6][25][5]   Fremont County, Wisconsin, US <1875 Apple very large, some growing to size of large grapefruit. Red with yellow blush. Once very popular commercial apple in United States but presently relegated to upper Midwest if grown for profit. Occasionally can be found growing wild in backcountry thickets or abandoned land in Shenandoah Valley. Named for area where found. Flesh is white, firm, tender, juicy, aromatic, subacid, fair to good. Feral trees can be brought back with care and pruning. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 62 mm (2.4 in). Cooking, eating Pick45 September 5. Pick55 August 15. PickE mid-September. Use October–December.
Woltmann's Reinette (a.k.a. Celler Dickstiel, Krügers Dickstiel)[27]   Bremen, Germany <1850 A yellow apple with red overcolor. Width 71 mm (2.8 in), height 56 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 12 mm (0.47 in). Flesh white, juicy, subacid, aromatic. Eating Pick October. Use November–March.
Wood's Greening (a.k.a. cs. Simirenkova reneta, fr. Reinette verte de Simirenko, Reinette verte incomparable, ru. Reinette Simerenko)[198][27][16]   Ukraine <1895 A golden yellow apple. Width 70–78 mm (2.8–3.1 in), height 54–65 mm (2.1–2.6 in). Cooking, eating Pick October.
Woolbrook Pippin[29][5]   England Raised 1903, introduced 1921 Yellow with red flush and Russet. Width 67 mm, height 56mm. Stalk is short. AM from RHS in 1929. Flesh is white, hard, sweet, aromatic. Eating PickE mid-September. Use October - December
Woolbrook Russet[6][29]   Devon, England 1903 P Bramley x King Acre Pippin. Width 84 mm (3.3 in), height 67 mm (2.6 in). Stalk is short. Flesh is white, juicy, acid. AM from RHS in 1930. Cooking PickE mid-October. Use December–March.
Worcester Pearmain[6] agm[236][31][27][7]   Worcestershire, England Introduced 1873 Conical, entirely covered with scarlet. FCC from RHS in 1875. Crisp and sweet strawberry flavour when ripe. Width 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in), height 50–65 mm (2.0–2.6 in). Cells obovate, axile, slit. Cold storage 1oC 180 days. VitC 8. Eating PickE early–mid-September. Use September–October.
Wormsley Pippin see Reinette von Wormsley
Wright[10] Missouri, US Introduced 1942 P Ben Davis x Jonathan. Fruit is large, good flavor. Eating
Wrixparent[10][5] Magnolia, Delaware, US Discovered 1920, Introduced 1940 P Transparent x unknown. Ripens early. Eating PickE late July–early August.
Wyken Pippin[6][12][27]   England or Netherland <1720 Flat round, even, greenish yellow, with delicious flavour. Width 59 mm (2.3 in), height 50 mm (2.0 in). Cells obovate, axile, closed. Eating PickE mid-October. Use November–February.

Y edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Yakima Newtown[10] Washington, US Introduced 1949 Mutation of Yellow Newtown. Cooking, cider, eating
Yates[8]   Georgia, US <1865 A small apple. Flesh is white, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Eating Use March·May.
Yellow Bellflower (a.k.a. Connecticut Seek-No-Further, cs. Kraskokvět žlutý, de. Gelber Bellefleur, fr. Belle fleur jaune, Belle flavoise, pl. Pepina Linneusza, ru. Jioltîi belflior, Krasotvet)[3][9][25][26][33][32][57][16]   Burlington, New Jersey, US <1800 A yellow apple. Width 72–85 mm (2.8–3.3 in), height 72–98 mm (2.8–3.9 in), weight 160 g (5.6 oz). Stalk 11–26 mm (0.43–1.02 in). A favorite for baked apples. Banana flavour. Tree is large, vigorous. Flesh is yellow, tender, juicy, crisp, subacid, very good. VitC 18. Density 0.77. Cooking. Eating. PickE early–mid-October. PickG late October. Use December–February.
Yellow Forset[26]   Los Angeles, US <1885 Flesh is white, tender, crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid, good. Eating Use January–June.
Yellow Ingestrie[13][52][12][27]   Shropshire, England c. 1800 Small, even, golden yellow apple. P Orange Pippin x Golden Pippin. Flesh is firm, very juicy and delicately flavoured. Width 53 mm (2.1 in), height 59 mm (2.3 in). Cells ovate, axile, closed. Eating PickE early September. Use September–October.
Yellow June (a.k.a. White June)[8]   Southern US <1865 Flesh is white, tender, juicy, brisk, subacid, good. Stalk is long. Tree is vigorous, abundant bearer. Eating Use June, July (southern US), August (northern US).
Yellow Newtown (see Newtown Pippin)
Yellow Transparent (see White Transparent)
Yopp (a.k.a. Yopp's Favorite)[8]   Georgia, US <1857 Flesh is white, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Stalk is short. Eating Use November.
York[8]   Massachusetts, US <1865 Flesh is whitish, tender, juicy, subacid, good to very good. Stalk is short. Cooking Use October–November.
York-A-Red[10] West Virginia, US 1931. Introduced 1937. Mutation of York Imperial. Eating, cider, juice
York Imperial[9][8][26][125][25]   York, Pennsylvania, US 1820 Flesh is yellowish, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic. Tree is healthy, productive. Preserves well, lop-sided shape. DBH 165–167. Cider, cooking, eating Pick55 September 30. Use November–February.
Yorking[10] Pennsylvania, US 1925. Introduced 1932. Mutation of York Imperial Eating, cider, juice
Yorkshire Greening[13][6][12][27] Yorkshire, England <1803 Width 92 mm (3.6 in), height 76 mm (3.0 in). Stalk is short to medium. Cells obovate, abaxile. Tree is very dwarfed. Flesh is white, firm, dry, acid. Triploid. Cooking PickE early-mid October. Use November–March.

Z edit

Common name Image Origin First developed Comment Use Pick/Use period
Zabergäu Renette[6][31][3][95][7]   Germany 1875, introduced 1924 Large yellow apple with russet, somewhat like Belle de Boskoop. Width 70–85 mm (2.8–3.3 in), height 60–75 mm (2.4–3.0 in), weight 128–208 g (4.5–7.3 oz). Cold storage 4oC 180 days. High in sugar; 14.8%. VitC 14. Density 0.84 Eating PickE early-mid October. PickG mid–late October. Pickg October 15–30. Use October–March.
Zestar   Minnesota, US Introduced 1996 Red and greenish-yellow, round, sweet and tangy, preserves well Cooking, eating Pick45 August 20. Pick55 August 10. Use August.
Zigeunerin[15]   Riga <1930 A yellow apple with red flush (50–90%). Width 83 mm (3.3 in), height 79 mm (3.1 in). Stalk 16 mm (0.63 in). Eating Use September
Zimska Kolačara[18] Serbia <1900 A greenish yellow apple. Width 55–65 mm (2.2–2.6 in), height 65–75 mm (2.6–3.0 in), weight 170–210 g (6.0–7.4 oz). Stalk is short. Flesh is firm, sweet, juicy. Eating, cooking, pie Pick late September–early October.
Zimtrenette (a.k.a. Zimmtreinette)[31] Sachsen, Germany A yellow apple with russet and red overcolor. Width 55–70 mm (2.2–2.8 in), height 50–60 mm (2.0–2.4 in). Flesh is greenish-white, crisp, juicy, subacid. Eating, cooking, juice Use November–February.
Zhigulevskoe[5]   St Petersburg, Russia Parentage Duchess of Oldenburg x Wagenar Prizovoe. Flesh soft juicy. Eating PickE late September. Use September–November.
Zoar Greening[8]   Ohio, US <1865 Flesh is white, tender, juicy, subacid, good. Eating Use November–December.
Zoete Bloemée[15] Possibly the Netherlands A yellow to green apple with red stripes. Width 80 mm (3.1 in), height 66 mm (2.6 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Use September
Zoete Campagner[15] Netherlands A green apple with red flush (50–90%). Width 72 mm (2.8 in), height 55 mm (2.2 in). Stalk 15 mm (0.59 in). Cooking Use October–February
Zoete Ermgaarde[15]   Netherlands <1860 A yellow conical apple with red flush. Width 68 mm (2.7 in), height 60 mm (2.4 in). Stalk 14 mm (0.55 in). Flesh is cream, crisp, firm, subacid. Eating, cooking PickE mid-October. Use November–April.
Zomer Delicious[5]   Wageningen, Netherlands A yellow apple reminiscent of Golden Delicious. Flesh soft, juicy. Eating PickE early September. Use September - October.
Zuccalmaglio (see Von Zuccalmaglios renette)

Cider apples edit

Cider apples are a variety of apples that may be far too sour or bitter for fresh eating, but are used for making cider. Varieties in italics are used for both cider and eating purposes.

List of abbreviations used in the following table
Abbreviations Full form Abbreviations Full form
s Susceptible r Resistant
AS Apple scab (resistant/susceptible to) AC Apple canker (resistant/susceptible to)
BI Bacterial infections (resistant/susceptible to) PM Powdery mildew (resistant/susceptible to)
TRI Triploid

[237]

 
Gravenstein apples, used for cooking, dessert, and cider
 
Less common apple cultivars (among pear cultivars)
 
A range of modern apple cultivars
Common name Origin First developed Type Juice titratable acidity % weight/volume Juice specific gravity or oBrix

grams/liter

Tannin % Days from full bloom to maturity Disease susceptibility
Amanda Somerset, England 2007 Bittersweet 0.22 1054 (Somerset, England) 0.23 137 (Somerset, England)
Amere de Berthcourt France Bittersweet 0.20 1049 (Washington, US) 0.34 145 (Washington, US)
Amere Forestier France Sweet 0.20 1046 (Washington, US) 0.34 153 (Washington, US)
Angela Somerset, England 2007 Bittersharp 0.62 1049 (Somerset, England) 0.19 135 (Somerset, England)
Antoinette France Bittersweet 0.25 1050 (France) 0.27 sAS
Arbeya Spain Sharp 0.57 0.16
Arbeya Montés Spain Sharp 0.71 0.15
Armagnac France Sharp 0.81 1065 (France) 0.17
Ashmead's Kernel Gloucestershire, England c. 1700 134 (Ontario, Canada)
Ashton Bitter Somerset, England 1947 Bittersweet
Ashton Brown Jersey Somerset, England 1903 Bittersweet 0.14 1054 (Somerset, England) 0.34 194 (Somerset, England)
Avrolles France Sharp 1.20 1055 (France) 0.09
Backwell red Somerset England Old Sharp 0.70 1051 (Somerset, England) 0.13 172 (Somerset, England)
Baldwin Wilmington, Massachusetts, US c. 1740 Sharp 0.74 15.3 0.059
Ball's Bittersweet Herefordshire, England 1927 Bittersweet 0.28 0.28
Bedan France Bittersweet 0.15 1056 (Somerset, England), 1051 (Washington, US) 0.23 184 (Somerset, England) 136 (Washington, US) sAS
Belle de Boskoop Netherlands 1856 Bittersharp 1
Belle Fille de la Manche France Sweet sAS, TRI
Betty Somerset, England 2007 Sharp 0.90 1050 (Somerset, England) 0.11 125 (Somerset, England)
Bickington Grey Devonshire Sharp
Binet Blanc France Bittersweet 0.18 1060 (France) 0.25
Binet Rouge France Bittersweet 0.18 1063 (France) 0.24 sPM
Binet Violet France Bittersweet 0.17 1050 (France) 0.26
Bisquet France Bittersweet 0.21 1045 (France) 0.21
Bittenfelder Germany 1930s Bittersharp 1.00 1070 (Germany)
Black Crofton Australia Sweet 0.40 10.8 0.037
Black Dabinett Somerset, England Bittersweet
Black Vallis Somerset, England TRI
Blanchet France Sharp 0.48 1050 (France) 0.13
Blanc Mollet France Bittersweet 0.15 1046 (Washington, US) 0.20 114 (Washington, US)
Blanc Sur France Sharp 0.67 1055 (France) 0.12
Blanquina Spain Sharp 0.63 0.09
Bohnapfel Germany <1800 Bittersharp 0.55 1050 (Germany)
Bran Rose Herefordshire <1880 Sharp
Bouteville France Sweet 0.16 1052 (Washington, US) 0.14 126 (Washington, US)
Bramley Nottinghamshire, England 1809 Sharp 0.94 1050 (Somerset, England) 0.12 121 (Ontario, Canada)
Bramtot England Bittersweet 0.32 1057 (Washington, US) 0.50 128 (Washington, US)
Breakwell's Seedling Wales 1890 Bittersharp 0.64 1042 (Somerset, England), 1041 (Washington, US) 0.23 150 (Somerset, England), 113 (Ontario, Canada), 110 (Washington, US)
Broad-Leaved Hereford England Bittersweet
Browns Apple Devon 1920s Sharp 0.67 191 (Somerset, England), 92 (Ontario, Canada)
Brown Snout Herefordshire, England c. 1850 Bittersweet 0.24 1053 (Somerset, England), 1051 (Washington, US) 0.24 176 (Somerset, England), 145 (Ontario, Canada), 149 (Washington, US)
Brown Thorn (a.k.a. Argile Grise) Bittersweet 0.20 1048 (Washington, US) 0.16 142 (Washington, US)
Broxwood Foxwhelp England 1920 Bittersharp 1.91 0.22
Bulmer's Norman France <1890 Bittersweet TRI 0.24 1053 (Somerset, England), 1046 (Washington, US) 0.27 165 (Somerset, England), 97 (Ontario, Canada), 127 (Washington, US)
Burrowhill Early Somerset, England Bittersweet
Buttery d'Or Dorset, England Sharp
Börtlinger Weinapfel Germany 1827 Bittersharp
Cadbury (a.k.a. Royal Wildling) Somerset, England Sweet
Calabaza Spain Sharp 0.77 0.14
Campfield New Jersey, US <1817 Sweet 0.23 1055 (Washington, US) 0.17 172 (Washington, US)
Campillo Spain Sharp 0.52 0.11
Cap of Liberty Somerset, England Bittersharp 0.82 1052 (Somerset, England), 1047 (Washington, US) 0.21 155 (Washington, US)
Captain Broad Cornwall, England Bittersweet TRI
Cartigny France Bittersweet 0.21 1051 (France) 0.22
Casado Spain Sharp 0.98 0.19
Cazo Jaune France Bittersharp 1.31 1054 (France) 0.33
Chaperonnais France Bittersweet
Charlepitré France Sweet
Cherry Norman Herefordshire <1880 Bittersweet
Cherry Pearmain Herefordshire Sharp
Chestnut Minnesota, US 1946 Bittersharp 0.51 14.9
Chevalier Jaune France Bittersweet 0.22 1053 (France) 0.38
Chisel Jersey (a.k.a. Bitter Jersey) Somerset, England <1900 Bittersweet 0.22 1059 (Somerset, England), 1056 (Washington, US) 0.40 194 (Somerset, England), 163 (Washington, US)
C'Huero Briz France Bittersweet 0.21 1056 (France) 0.47
Cider Ladies Finger Somerset, England Sharp 0.59 1052 (Somerset, England)
Cidor France Bittersweet 0.17 1055 (France) 0.40 sAS
Cimitiere France Bittersweet 0.13 1039 (Washington, US) 0.23 133 (Washington, US)
Clara Spain Sweet 0.21 0.19
Clos Renaux France Bittersweet 0.25 1052 (France) 0.22
Clozette Douce France Bittersweet 0.22 1054 (France) 0.23
Coat Jersey Somerset, England Bittersweet
Coleman's Seedling Devonshire Sharp
Collaos Spain Sharp 0.62 0.11
Collington Big Bitters Bittersweet TRI 0.21 0.21
Coloradona Spain Sweet 0.15 0.13
Corset Hill Gloucestershire, England Sharp
Court Pendu Plat France 1613 Sharp 0.81 1048 (Washington, US) 0.11 145 (Washington, US)
Court Royal (a.k.a. Sweet Blenheim) England Sweet TRI 0.21 1050 (Somerset, England) 0.11 195 (Somerset, England)
Cox Orange Pippin England 1829 121 (Ontario, Canada)
Crimson Crisp New Jersey, US 1971 138 (Ontario, Canada)
Crimson King Somerset, England <1900 Sharp TRI 0.6 1044 (Somerset, England) 0.13 195 (Somerset, England)
Cristalina Spain Sharp 0.46 0.066
Crow Egg Massachusetts, US 1832 Sweet 0.31 11.4 0.044
Cul Plat France Bittersweet
Cummy Norman Radnorshire, Wales <1876 Bittersweet
Dabinett Somerset, England Late 19th century Bittersweet 0.18 1057 (Somerset, England), 1055 (Washington, US) 0.29 180 (Somerset, England), 131 (Ontario, Canada), 148 (Washington, US)
Debbie Somerset, England 2007 Sharp 0.9 1050 (Somerset, England) 0.08 110 (Somerset, England)
De La Riega Spain Sharp 0.58 0.11
Democrat Sweet 0.37 10.6 0.044
Diot Roux France Sharp 0.98 1052 (France) 0.18
Dolores Spain Sharp 0.54 0.07
Domaines France Bittersweet 0.21 1067 (France), 1050 (Washington, US) 0.26 153 (Washington, US)
Douce Coetligné France Sweet 0.19 1051 (France) 0.18 sPM, sBI
Douce Moen France Bittersweet 0.21 1061 (France) 0.24 sAS, sPM, sAC, sBI
Doux au Gober France Sweet
Doux Eveque Jaune France Sweet 0.16 1052 (France) 0.20
Doux Joseph France Bittersweet 0.21 1058 (France) 0.36
Doux Lozon France Bittersweet 0.14 1053 (France) 0.21
Doux Normandie France Sweet 0.16 1065 (France), 1047 (Washington, US) 0.14 147 (Washington, US)
Doux Veret de Carrouges France Sweet
Dove Somerset, England <1899 Bittersweet 0.22 1049 (Somerset, England) 0.31 168 (Somerset, England)
Dufflin Devonshire Sweet
Dunkerton's Late Sweet Somerset, England Sweet
Durón Arroes Spain Sharp 0.52 0.12
Durón Encarnado Spain Sharp 0.75 0.10
Durona Tresali Spain Sharp 0.77 0.14
Dymock Red Gloucestershire, England <1800 Bittersharp 1052 (Somerset, England) 0.22 149 (Somerset, England)
Early Bird Bittersweet 0.21 1052 0.55
Eggleton Styre Herefordshire, England 1847 Sweet
Ellis Bitter Newton St. Cyres, Devon, England c. 1850 Bittersweet 0.20 1053 (Somerset, England) 0.24 157 (Somerset, England)
Engelsberger Germany
Fair Maid of Taunton (a.k.a. Moonshines) Somerset Sharp
Enterprise Illinois, US 1993 Sharp 0.63 172 (Ontario, Canada)
Esopus Spitzenberg New York, US c. 1750 154 (Ontario, Canada)
Filbarrel Somerset, England Bittersweet 0.22 1045 (Washington, US) 0.19 180 (Somerset, England), 160 (Washington, US)
Finkenwerder Herbstprinz Germany 1860 Sharp 0.98 1055 (Washington, US) 0.07 127 (Washington, US)
Fiona Somerset, England 2007 Sharp 0.69 1049 (Somerset, England) 0.15 125 (Somerset, England)
Four Square England Sharp TRI
Foxwhelp Gloucestershire, England c. 1600 Sharp 0.69 1048 (Washington, US) 0.17 152 (Washington, US)
Frederick Monmoutshire, Wales 1800s Sharp 1.02 1048 (Somerset, England) 0.09 190 (Somerset, England)
Fréquin Audievre 168 (Somerset, England)
Fréquin Rouge France Bittersweet 0.24 1065 (France), 1047 (Washington, US) 0.51 148 (Ontario, Canada), 148 (Washington, US) sAS, sAC
Fresnosa Spain Sharp 0.67 0.11
Fuentes Spain Sharp 0.75 0.11
Gehrers Rambour Germany 1885 Bittersharp
Gennet Moyele England 1600s Bittersharp >1.2 1052 (Somerset, England)
Gesnot France Sharp 0.65 1049 0.11
Gilly Somerset, England 2007 Bittersharp 0.54 1053 (Somerset, England) 0.18 125 (Somerset, England)
Golden Ball Devonshire Sharp
Golden Russet New York, US <1850 Sharp 0.66 1061 (Washington, US) 0.10 161 (Ontario, Canada), 167 (Washington, US)
Golden Spire England 1850
GoldRush Indiana, US 1993 173 (Ontario, Canada)
Granniwinkle US Sweet 0.30 1045 (Washington, US) 0.08 128 (Washington, US)
Gravenstein Red Denmark/US Sharp 0.56 1052 (Washington, US) 0.07 126 (Washington, US)
Great Britain Devonshire Sharp
Green Bittersweet Devonshire Bittersweet
Grimes Golden West Virginia, US 1804 Sharp 0.61 1052 (Washington, US) 0.07 149 (Ontario, Canada), 173 (Washington, US)
Grindstone Sharp 0.58 1061 (Washington, US) 0.10 178 (Washington, US)
Guillevic France Sharp 0.58 1059 (France) 0.135
Hagloe Crab Gloucestershire, England <1880 Sharp
Hangdown (a.k.a. Pocket Apple) Somerset or Devonshire, England Bittersweet 0.20 1056 (Somerset, England) 0.28 161 (Somerset, England)
Harrison New Jersey, US 1770 Sharp 0.64 1061 (Washington, US) 0.10 146 (Washington, US)
Harry Masters Jersey Somerset, England <1900 Bittersweet 0.20 1056 (Somerset, England), 1051 (Washington, US) 0.32 172 (Somerset, England), 146 (Washington, US)
Hastings Somerset, England 2007 Bittersweet 0.13 1057 (Somerset, England) 0.29 120 (Somerset, England)
Hauxapfel Germany 1920 Bittersharp
Helen's Apple Somerset, England 2007 Bittersweet 0.10 1050 (Somerset, England) 0.29 142 (Somerset, England)
Hereford Broadleaf Herefordshire, England TRI
Honeystring Somerset Sweet
Idared Sweet 0.41 12.4 0.041
Improved Dove England Early 1900s Bittersweet
Improved Lambrook Pippin Somerset, England <1960 Sharp
Improved Redstreak England <1940 Bittersharp
Jane Somerset, England 2007 Bittersweet 0.19 1052 (Somerset, England) 0.33 118 (Somerset, England)
Jaune de Vitré France Sharp 0.88 1060 (France)
Jeanne Renard France Bittersweet 0.17 1065 (France) 0.42 rBI
Joanna Somerset, England Bittersweet 0.11 1045 (France) 0.22 128 (Somerset, England)
Jonathan Sharp 0.58 13.0 0.046
Jouveaux France Bittersweet 0.30 1052 (Washington, US) 0.16 149 (Washington, US)
Judaine France Sharp 0.67 1053 (France) 0.075 sAS
Judeline France Sharp 0.50 1050 (France) 0.07 sAS
Judin France Sharp 0.66 1060 (France) 0.09
Judor France Sharp 0.67 1052 (France) 0.07 sAC
Juliana France Sharp 1.03 1061 (France) 0.18
Jurella France Sharp 0.85 1053 (France) 0.06 sAS
Kaiser Wilhelm Germany 1864 Bittersharp 0.63 1055 (Germany)
Kardinal Bea Germany
Kermerrien France Bittersweet 0.15 1062 (France), 1050 (Washington, US) 0.43 142 (Washington, US)
Kingston Bitter 168 (Somerset, England)
Kingston Black (a.k.a. Black Taunton) Near Taunton, Somerset, England Late 19th century Bittersharp 0.58 1061 (Somerset, England), 1055 (Washington, US) 0.19 182 (Somerset, England), 112 (Ontario, Canada), 141 (Washington, US)
Knotted Kernel Somerset, England <1842 Bittersweet 0.24 1059 (Somerset, England) 0.34 188 (Somerset, England)
Lagar Spain Bittersharp 0.60 0.22
Lambrook Pippin Somerset, England Sharp 0.58 1054 (Washington, US) 0.24 160 (Washington, US)
Langworthy (a.k.a. Wyatt's Seedling) England Sharp
Lavignée (a.k.a. Belle de Douai) Bittersweet 0.21 1049 (Somerset, England) 0.27 182 (Somerset, England)
Le Bret Possibly England Sweet
Limón Montés Spain Sharp 0.81 0.12
Lin Spain Bittersharp 0.71 0.24
Lizzy Somerset, England 2007 Bittersweet 0.17 1047 (Somerset, England) 0.20 128 (Somerset, England)
Locart Vert France Sharp sPM
London Pippin England 1580 Sweet 0.38 1047 (Somerset, England) 0.11
Lorna Doone Somerset Sharp
Loroñe Spain Sharp 0.61 0.19
Loroñesa Spain Sharp 0.55 0.16
Maggie Somerset, England 2007 Sharp 0.58 1052 (Somerset, England) 0.14 125 (Somerset, England)
Major England Bittersweet 0.18 1054 (Somerset, England), 1051 (Washington, US) 0.41 150 (Somerset, England), 117 (Washington, US)
Marialena Spain
Margil <1800 Sharp 0.57 1049 (Washington, US) 0.07 152
Marie Ménard France Bittersweet 0.22 1061 (France), 1057 (Washington, US) 0.48 143 (Washington, US)
Mariñana Spain Sharp 0.60 0.11
Marin Onfroy France Bittersweet 0.17 1059 (France), 1053 (Washington, US) 0.325 134 (Washington, US)
Maud France Sharp 0.49 1050 (Washington, US) 0.07 130 (Washington, US)
Maundy England Bittersweet
Meana Spain Sharp 0.66 0.19
Médaille D'Or France <1850 Bittersweet 0.27 1059 (Somerset, England), 1059 (Washington, US) 0.64 177 (Somerset, England), 128 (Ontario, Canada), 139 (Washington, US)
Meriennet France Bittersweet
Merton Russet Sharp 0.82 13.6 0.034
Mettais France Bittersweet 0.17 1063 (France), 1056 (Washington, US) 0.38 138 (Washington, US)
Merton Russet Surrey, England 1921 Sharp 0.82
Michelin France 1872 Bittersweet 0.25 1050 (France), 1048 (Washington, US) 0.23 172 (Somerset, England), 115 (Ontario, Canada), 153 (Washington, US)
Miyares Spain Sharp 0.48 0.15
Mollies Delicious Sweet 0.15 10.7
Montoto Spain Sharp 0.57 0.155
Morgan Sweet Somerset, England Sweet TRI 0.22 1049 (Somerset, England) 0.13 125 (Somerset, England)
Mott Pink France Sharp 0.76 1043 (Washington, US) 0.05 129 (Washington, US)
Moulin á Vent France Bittersweet 0.26 1061 0.27
Muscadet de Dieppe France Bittersweet TRI 0.21 1055 (France), 1057 (Washington, US) 0.25 114 (Ontario, Canada), 127 (Washington, US)
Muscat de Bernay France Bittersweet 0.28 1050 (Washington, US) 0.19 161 (Washington, US)
Naomi Somerset, England 2007 Sweet 0.28 1041 (Somerset, England) 0.17 135 (Somerset, England)
Nehou France <1920 Bittersweet 0.17 1057 (Somerset, England), 1056 (Washington, US) 0.60 150 (Somerset, England), 151 (Washington, US)
Neverblight Somerset Sharp
Newtown Pippin se also Yellow Newtown Queens County, New York, US c. 1750
No Prieta Antigua Spain Sweet 0.10 0.086
Northern Spy Sharp 0.70 13.2 0.048
Northwood Devon, England c. 1800 Sweet 0.27 1049 (Somerset, England) 0.17 182 (Somerset, England)
Norton Bitter Somerset Sharp
Obdulina Spain Sweet 0.37 0.155
Omont France Bittersweet TRI 0.19 1063 0.22
Orange Pippin France or UK <1800
Osier England Bittersweet
Paignton Marigold Devon England <1834 Bittersweet
Panquerina Spain Sharp 0.55 0.12
Paraguas Spain Sweet 0.31 0.09
Parda Blanquera Spain Sharp-bittersharp 0.71 0.20
Parda Carreño Spain Sharp 0.57 0.10
Pardona Spain Sharp 0.93 0.12
Peau de Chien France Bittersweet 0.22 1065 (France) 0.30 sBI
Peau de Vache France Sweet 0.26 1048 (Washington, US) 0.14 140 (Washington, US)
Pennard Bitter Somerset, England <1900 Bittersweet
Pepa Spain Sweet 0.21 0.10
Perezosa Spain Sharp 0.55 0.075
Perico Spain Sharp 0.59 0.12
Pethyre Monmoutshire, Wales 1920s Bittersweet
Petit Amer France Bittersweet 0.20 1055 (France) 0.44
Petit Jaune France Sharp 0.74 1055 (France) 0.12 sAS, rBI
Pomme de Bouet France Sharp
Ponsford Devonshire <1880 Sharp
Porters Perfection Somerset, England <1900 Bittersharp 0.82 1054 (Somerset, England), 1054 (Washington, US) 0.25 199 (Somerset, England), 141 (Ontario, Canada), 147 (Washington, US)
Pound Devonshire Sweet
Poveshon Essex County, New Jersey, US 18th century
Prieta Spain Sharp 0.58 0.10
Prince William England 2007 Bittersweet 0.15 1057 0.25
Puget Spice Bittersharp 0.96 1057 (Washington, US) 0.13 173 (Washington, US)
Queen Cox Sharp 0.59 12.5 0.043
Queue Torte France Sweet
Rambault France Sharp 0.64 1061 (France) 0.14
Rawlings Devonshire Sweet
Raxao Spain Sharp 0.78 0.08
Red Jersey (a.k.a. Loral Drain) Somerset, England 1895 Bittersweet 0.63 1052 (Somerset, England) 0.48 143 (Somerset, England)
Red Norman Herefordshire <1880 Bittersweet
Red Spitzenberg sharp 0.77 16.0 0.052
Red Stayman Winesap Sharp 0.51 15.1 0.060
Redstreak Herefordshire, England c. 1630 Sharp 0.95 1048 (Washington, US) 0.09 121 (Washington, US)
Red Worthy Somerset Bittersweet
Regona Spain Sharp 1.07 0.145
Reine des Hatives Normandy, France 1872 Bittersweet 0.24 1044 (Washington, US) 0.27 143 (Washington, US)
Reine des Pommes France Bittersweet 0.41 1063 (Washington, US) 0.52 184 (Somerset, England), 149 (Washington, US)
Reineta Encarnada Spain Sharp 0.55 0.11
Reinette Obry 167 (Somerset, England)
Reinette Russet France 1979 1.0
Rénao France Sharp
René Martin France Sharp 0.76 1053 (France) 0.14
Repinaldo Gozón Spain Sweet 0.32 0.08
Repinaldo Hueso Spain Sharp 0.61 0.13
Ribston Pippin England 1708 Sharp 0.67 1060 (Washington, US) 0.11 142 (Washington, US)
Rosemary Russet Sharp 0.86 1055 (Washington, US) 0.07 152 (Washington, US)
Ross Nonpareil England Sharp 0.68 1059 (Washington, US) 0.15 154 (Washington, US)
Rouge Duret France Sweet 0.17 1049 (France) 0.16
Rousse de la Sarthe France Sweet 0.17 1056 (France) 0.16
Roxbury Russet Massachusetts, US c. 1640s Sharp 0.61–0.80 1061 (Washington, US) 0.08–0.11 143 (Washington, US)
Royal Jersey Somerset, England Bittersweet 0.19 1048 (Washington, US) 0.36 126 (Washington, US)
Royal Somerset (Copas) Somerset Sharp
Royal Wilding Herefordshire, England Bittersweet 0.23 1053 (Somerset, England) 0.24
Russet King Sharp 0.71 1053 (Washington, US) 0.05 153 (Washington, US)
Saint Martin France Bittersweet 0.20 1055 (France) 0.23
Sebin Blanc France Sharp 0.54 1051 (France) 0.14
Severn Bank England Sharp
Sherrington Norman Bittersharp 0.27 1051 (Somerset, England) 0.33 167 (Somerset, England)
Sibirian Bittersweet England c. 1810
Sibirian Harvey England 1807
Silver Cup Somerset Bittersweet
Slack-ma-Girdle Devon, England 18th century Sweet 0.27 1052 (Somerset, England) 0.14
Smith's Cider Sharp 0.55 1050 (Washington, US) 0.08 152 (Washington, US)
Solarina Spain Sharp 0.55 0.16
Somerset Redstreak Somerset, England <1917 Bittersweet 0.19 1050 (Somerset, England) 0.35 148 (Somerset, England)
Sops in Wine England 1600s Sweet
Spicey Pippin Devonshire Sharp
Stable Jersey Somerset, England Bittersweet
Stead's Kernel Herefordshire, England <1875
Stembridge Cluster Somerset, England Bittersharp
Stembridge Jersey Somerset, England c. 1950 Bittersweet 0.37 1047 (Washington, US) 0.27 137 (Washington, US)
Stoke Red Rodney Stoke, Somerset, England <1920 Bittersharp 0.64 1052 (Somerset, England), 1045 (Washington, US) 0.31 191 (Somerset, England), 102 (Ontario, Canada), 134 (Washington, US)
Strawberry Norman Herefordshire, England <1900 Bittersweet 0.32 1053 0.36 TRI
Styre Forest of Dean, England Before 1600
Sugar Loaf Devonshire Sweet
Sugar Sweet Devonshire Sweet
Sweet Alford Devon, England Sweet 0.22 1052 (Somerset, England), 1049 (Washington, US) 0.15 174 (Somerset, England), 144 (Ontario, Canada), 156 (Washington, US)
Sweet Bramley Devonshire Sweet
Sweet Coopin Devon, England <1800 Sweet 0.20 1052 (Somerset, England) 0.14 178 (Somerset, England)
Tale Sweet Devonshire, England Sweet
Taliaferro Sharp 0.77 1047 0.09 147 (Washington, US)
Tan Harvey Cornwall, England Bittersweet
Tardive de la Sarthe France Bittersweet 0.20 1059 (France) 0.37
Tardive Forestiere France <1900 Bittersweet 183 (Somerset, England)
Taylor's Sweet (a.k.a. Taylor's) Somerset, England <1900 Sweet-bittersweet 0.20 1051 (Washington, US) 0.14 128 (Washington, US)
Teórica Spain Sharp 0.80 0.08
Tesniére Franc Sharp 0.56 1055 0.16
Three Counties Somerset, England 2007 Bittersweet 0.20 1056 0.30 137 (Somerset, England)
Tina Somerset, England 2007 Bittersweet 0.18 1055 0.25 125 (Somerset, England)
Tolman Sweet US 1822 136 (Ontario, Canada)
Tom Putt England Sharp 0.65 1052 (Somerset, England), 1044 (Washington, US) 0.13 120 TRI
Track Zero Sweet 0.18 1053 (Washington, US) 0.10 160 (Washington, US)
Tramlett's Geneva Sharp 1.01 1044 (Washington, US) 0.17 148 (Washington, US)
Tremlett's Bitter Exe Valley, England c. 1820 Bittersweet 0.27 1052 (Somerset, England) 0.34 174
Twistbody Jersey England Sweet 0.12 10.0 0.058
Tydemans Late Orange England 1949 152 (Ontario, Canada)
Upright French Dorset, England Bittersweet
Vagon Archer England Bittersweet
Verdialona Spain Sweet 0.34 0.09
Vicky Somerset, England 2007 Sweet 0.15 1050 0.14 125 (Somerset, England)
Vilberie France <1900 Bittersweet TRI 0.27 1044 (Washington, US) 0.41 169 (Somerset, England), 148 (Washington, US)
Virginia Crab Bittersharp 0.91 1060 (Washington, US) 0.19 134 (Washington, US)
Wagener Sharp 0.47 11.0 0.038
Weisser Trier Weinapfel Possibly Germany <1890 Bittersharp 0.84
Welschisner Germany or Austria
Whidbey Sharp 0.69 1049 (Washington, US) 0.12 134
Whimple Queen Devonshire Sweet
Whimple Wonder Devonshire Sweet
White Close Pippin Somerset or Devonshire, England Bittersweet
White Jersey Somerset, England 1895 Bittersweet 0.29 1051 0.26
White Norman (a.k.a. White Hereford) Herefordshire, England <1900 Bittersweet 0.20 1056 (Somerset, England) 0.32 155 (Somerset, England)
Winesap US c. 1817 Bittersharp 0.51 12.7 0.054
Winter Banana Indiana, US 1876 Sweet 0.41 12.9 0.076
Winterrambour Germany 1864 Bittersweet 0.36
Woodbine 1 (a.k.a. Rice's Jersey) Somerset, England Sweet 0.29 1052 (Somerset, England) 0.15
Woodbine 2 (a.k.a. Slack-ma-Girdle)
Woodcock Gloucestershire, England c. 1600
Xuanina Spain Sharp 0.75 0.10
Yarlington Mill Somerset, England 1898 Bittersweet 0.22 1052 (Somerset, England), 1048 (Washington, US) 0.32 183 (Somerset, England), 139 (Ontario, Canada), 136 (Washington, US)
Yellow Elliot England <1700
Yellow Newtown Sharp 0.56 11.0 0.040
Yeovil Sour Yeovil, Somerset, England c. 1824 Bittersharp 0.55 1052 (Washington, US) 0.15
Zabergäu Renette Germany 1875 Sharp 0.79 1057 (Washington, US) 0.12 146 (Washington, US)

Rootstock cultivars edit

Selection of rootstock cultivars can be difficult: vigorous roots tend to give trees that are healthy but grow too tall to be harvested easily without careful pruning, while dwarfing rootstocks result in small trees that are easy to harvest from, but are often shorter-lived and sometimes less healthy. Most modern commercial orchards use one of the "Malling series" (a.k.a. 'M' series), introduced or developed by the East Malling Research Station from the early 20th century onward. However, a great deal of work has been done recently introducing new rootstocks in Poland, the U.S. (Geneva), and other nations. The Polish rootstocks are often used where cold hardiness is needed. The Geneva series of rootstocks has been developed to resist important diseases such as fireblight and collar rot, as well as for high fruit productivity.

See also edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Apple cultivars.

References edit

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Further reading edit

Two of the most comprehensive publications on apple cultivars are: Khanizadeh, S. and J. Cousineau. 1998. "Our Apples/ Les Pommiers de Chez Nous", A Description of Over 250 Apple Cultivars Grown in Eastern and Central Canada Including 400 Coloured Photographs of the Fruits, Flowers and Leaves. Publisher Shahrokh Khanizadeh, 260 p. Ed: S. Khanizadeh. ISBN 0-660-60543-0.

  • The New Book of Apples (ISBN 0-09-188398-9) by Dr Joan Morgan of The National Fruit Collection and Alison Richards.
  • Directory of Apple Cultivars (ISBN 1-874275-40-8) by Martin Crawford of The Agroforestry Research Trust
  • For Cider apples - "Cider Apples, The New Pomona" ISBN 978-0-9568994-2-2 by Liz Copas
  • Apples (ISBN 0-393-03690-1) by Roger Yepsen. Text of apple history and descriptions with full-color watercolor illustrations of 90 apple varieties by Yepsen. W.W. Norton and Company, New York and London.
  • "Old Southern Apples" (ISBN 978-0-939923-37-3) by Creighton Lee Calhoun Jr.
  • Khanizadeh, S. and J. Cousineau. 1998. "Our Apples/ Les Pommiers de Chez Nous", A Description of Over 250 Apple Cultivars Grown in Eastern and Central Canada Including 400 Coloured Photographs of the Fruits, Flowers and Leaves. Publisher Shahrokh Khanizadeh, 260 p. Ed: S. Khanizadeh. ISBN 0-660-60543-0.
  • Muranty, H., Denancé, C., Feugey, L., Crépin, J. L., Barbier, Y., Tartarini, S., ... Durel, C. E. (2020). Using whole-genome SNP data to reconstruct a large multi-generation pedigree in apple germplasm. BMC Plant Biology, 20(1), 1–18.