List_of_countries_bordering_on_two_or_more_oceans Knowpia

This list of countries which border two or more oceans includes both sovereign states and dependencies, provided the same contiguous territory borders on more than one of the five named oceans, the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, and Arctic.^[1] Countries which border on multiple oceans because of discontiguous regions are excluded here but included in the list of transcontinental countries.^[2] Countries bordering on just one of the five oceans are not included, no matter how many of its marginal seas they touch.^[3]

List edit

Continent	Country	Oceans					Trans-oceanic connection
Continent	Country	Pacific	Atlantic	Indian	Polar	Count	Trans-oceanic connection
Africa	South Africa		South Atlantic	Indian Ocean	Southern Ocean	2 or 3^[a]	Cape of Good Hope
Africa & Asia	Egypt		Mediterranean Sea	Red Sea		2	Suez Canal
Asia	Israel		Mediterranean Sea	Red Sea		2	High-speed railway to Eilat (proposed)
Asia	Thailand	Gulf of Thailand		Andaman Sea		2	Kra Canal (proposed)
Asia	Malaysia	South China Sea		Andaman Sea		2	Strait of Malacca
Asia & Australia/Oceania	Indonesia	Pacific Ocean		Indian Ocean		2
Asia & Australia/Oceania	East Timor	Savu Sea, Flores Sea		Timor Sea		2
Asia & Europe	Russia	North Pacific	Black Sea Baltic Sea		Arctic Ocean	3	Trans-Siberian Railway
Europe	Norway		Norwegian Sea		Barents Sea	2
Europe	Iceland		North Atlantic		Greenland Sea	1 or 2^[b]
North America	Greenland^[c]		North Atlantic		Arctic Ocean	2
North America	Canada	North Pacific	North Atlantic		Arctic Ocean	3	Canadian Pacific Railway
North America	US (Alaska)	North Pacific			Arctic Ocean	2^[d]	Trans-Alaska Pipeline
North America	US (Lower 48)	North Pacific	North Atlantic			2^[d]	First transcontinental railroad
North America	Mexico	Pacific Ocean	Gulf of Mexico Caribbean Sea			2	Tehuantepec route
North America	Guatemala	Pacific Ocean	Gulf of Honduras			2
North America	Honduras	Gulf of Fonseca	Caribbean Sea			2
North America	Nicaragua	Pacific Ocean	Caribbean Sea			2	Nicaragua Canal (proposed)
North America	Costa Rica	Pacific Ocean	Caribbean Sea			2
North America & South America^[e]	Panama	Gulf of Panama	Caribbean Sea			2	Panama Canal
South America	Colombia	Pacific Ocean	Caribbean Sea			2
South America	Chile	South Pacific	Strait of Magellan Beagle Channel Drake Passage		Southern Ocean	2 or 3^[f]
South America	Argentina	Beagle Channel	South Atlantic		Drake Passage	1, 2 or 3^[g]
Australia/Oceania	Australia	South Pacific		Indian Ocean	Southern Ocean	2 or 3^[h]	Indian Pacific
Antarctica		South Pacific	South Atlantic	Indian Ocean	Southern Ocean	1 or 3^[i]	Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition

Notes edit

^ South Africa borders on three oceans if the Southern Ocean is considered to extend to its shores, but only on two otherwise.
^ Iceland bordrers on two oceans if the Greenland Sea is considered part of the Arctic Ocean, but only one if it is considered part of the North Atlantic.
^ Greenland is part of the Danish Realm.
^ ^a ^b Although Alaska and the Lower 48 each borders on two oceans, no single contiguous US territory borders on three oceans. The two together would make the United States a country bordering on three oceans.
^ The boundary between North and South America is somewhat arbitrary. Although atlases today generally show Panama entirely within North America, some atlases show the continental boundary along the Panama Canal. Furthermore, some 19th century atlases even showed the continental boundary along the border between Costa Rica and Panama, which was then part of Gran Colombia.^[4]
^ Chile borders on three oceans if the Southern and Atlantic Oceans are considered to meet in its territory, but only on two otherwise.
^ Argentina's oceans include the Southern Ocean if the Drake Passage is considered part of it and the Pacific Ocean if its waters are considered to extend to the Argentine portion of the Beagle Channel.
^ Australia borders on three oceans if the Southern Ocean is considered to extend that far north, but only on two otherwise.
^ Antarctica is included on this list although not a country. If the Southern ocean is considered a separate ocean, it borders on only that one ocean. If, however, the Southern Ocean is considered to be merely part of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian oceans, Antarctica borders on all three.

References edit

^ "How many oceans are there?". National Ocean Service. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 7 February 2016.
^ For example, France is not included because its overseas departments are not contiguous with Metropolitan France. In total France would have bordered on three or four oceans.
^ For example, India is not included. It borders on the Indian Ocean including the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian and Andaman Seas, which would all be in the Indian Ocean column of the table.
^ Dollar Atlas of the World. Chicago and New York: Prepared and published especially for the Kansas City Journal, Kansas City, Missouri by Rand McNally & Company. 1900. pp. 118–120.

[4] South Africa borders on three oceans if the Southern Ocean is considered to extend to its shores, but only on two otherwise.

[5] Iceland bordrers on two oceans if the Greenland Sea is considered part of the Arctic Ocean, but only one if it is considered part of the North Atlantic.

[6] Greenland is part of the Danish Realm.

[US-7] Although Alaska and the Lower 48 each borders on two oceans, no single contiguous US territory borders on three oceans. The two together would make the United States a country bordering on three oceans.

[9] The boundary between North and South America is somewhat arbitrary. Although atlases today generally show Panama entirely within North America, some atlases show the continental boundary along the Panama Canal. Furthermore, some 19th century atlases even showed the continental boundary along the border between Costa Rica and Panama, which was then part of Gran Colombia.^[4]

[10] Chile borders on three oceans if the Southern and Atlantic Oceans are considered to meet in its territory, but only on two otherwise.

[11] Argentina's oceans include the Southern Ocean if the Drake Passage is considered part of it and the Pacific Ocean if its waters are considered to extend to the Argentine portion of the Beagle Channel.

[12] Australia borders on three oceans if the Southern Ocean is considered to extend that far north, but only on two otherwise.

[13] Antarctica is included on this list although not a country. If the Southern ocean is considered a separate ocean, it borders on only that one ocean. If, however, the Southern Ocean is considered to be merely part of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian oceans, Antarctica borders on all three.

[1] "How many oceans are there?". National Ocean Service. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 7 February 2016.

[2] For example, France is not included because its overseas departments are not contiguous with Metropolitan France. In total France would have bordered on three or four oceans.

[3] For example, India is not included. It borders on the Indian Ocean including the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian and Andaman Seas, which would all be in the Indian Ocean column of the table.

[8] Dollar Atlas of the World. Chicago and New York: Prepared and published especially for the Kansas City Journal, Kansas City, Missouri by Rand McNally & Company. 1900. pp. 118–120.

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Summary

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See also edit

References edit