In the Republic of India, a chief minister is the head of government of each of the twenty-eight states and three of the eight union territories. According to the Constitution of India, at the state-level, the governor is de jure head, but de facto executive authority rests with the chief minister. Following elections to the state legislative assembly, the governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the state government. The governor appoints the chief minister, whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly. Given they have the assembly's confidence, the chief minister's term is usually for a maximum of five years; there are no limits to the number of terms they can serve.[1]
As of May 2022[update], the office of the chief minister of Jammu and Kashmir is vacant. Of the thirty incumbents, one is a woman—Mamata Banerjee in West Bengal. Serving since 5 March 2000 (for 22 years, 82 days), Odisha's Naveen Patnaik has the longest incumbency. Mizoram's Zoramthanga (b. 13 July 1944) is the oldest Chief Minister, while Arunachal Pradesh's Pema Khandu (b. 21 August 1979) is the youngest Chief Minister.[2] Nitish Kumar of Bihar has served for the most terms (7).[3] Twelve incumbents belong to the Bharatiya Janata Party, two to the Indian National Congress and two to the Aam Aadmi Party. No other party has more than one chief minister in office.
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N/A (President's rule)
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