List of fish of the North Sea

Summary

List of fish of the North Sea consists of 201 species, both indigenous, and also introduced, listed in systematic index. It includes 40 species of Chondrichthyes, three species of Agnatha, the other are bony fishes.[1]

The following tags are used to indicate the conservation status of species by IUCN's criteria:

EX Extinct
CR Critically Endangered
EN Endangered
VU Vulnerable
NT Near Threatened
LC Least Concern
DD Data Deficient
NE Not Evaluated

All the listed species are classified by their origin as native, introduced, invasive, and species found accidentally (difficult to characterize as native or invasive).

List edit

Scientific name Taxa authority English name Origin IUCN status Image
Ordo: Myxiniformes
Family: Myxinidae
Myxine glutinosa Linnaeus, 1758 Atlantic hagfish Native  
Least Concern
 
Ordo: Petromyzontiformes
Family: Petromyzontidae
Lampetra fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758) European river lamprey Native  
Least Concern
 
Petromyzon marinus Linnaeus, 1758 Sea lamprey Native  
Least Concern
 
Ordo: Chimaeriformes
Family: Chimaeridae
Chimaera monstrosa Linnaeus, 1758 Rabbit fish Native  
Near Threatened
 
Ordo: Squaliformes
Family: Somniosidae
Centroscymnus coelolepis (du Bocage & Capello, 1864) Portuguese dogfish Native  
Near Threatened
 
Centroselachus crepidater (du Bocage & Capello, 1864) Longnose velvet dogfish Native  
Least Concern
 
Somniosus microcephalus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 Greenland shark Native  
Near Threatened
 
Family: Centrophoridae
Centrophorus squamosus (Bonnaterre, 1788) Leafscale gulper shark Native  
Vulnerable
 
Deania calcea (Lowe, 1839) Birdbeak dogfish Native  
Least Concern
 
Family: Dalatiidae
Dalatias licha (Bonnaterre, 1788) Kitefin shark Native  
Near Threatened
 
Family: Echinorhinidae
Echinorhinus brucus (Bonnaterre, 1788) Bramble shark Native  
Data Deficient
 
Family: Etmopteridae
Etmopterus princeps (Collett, 1904) Great lanternshark Native  
Data Deficient
 
Etmopterus spinax (Linnaeus, 1758) Velvet belly lanternshark Native  
Least Concern
 
Family: Squalidae
Squalus acanthias Linnaeus, 1758 Spiny dogfish Native  
Vulnerable
 
Ordo: Squatiniformes
Family: Squatinidae
Squatina squatina (Linnaeus, 1758) Angelshark Native  
Critically Endangered
 
Ordo: Hexanchiformes
Family: Hexanchidae
Hexanchus griseus (Bonnaterre, 1788) Bluntnose sixgill shark Native  
Near Threatened
 
Ordo: Lamniformes
Family: Alopiidae
Alopias vulpinus (Bonnaterre, 1788) Common thresher Native  
Vulnerable
 
Family: Cetorhinidae
Cetorhinus maximus (Gunnerus, 1765) Basking shark Native  
Vulnerable
 
Family: Lamnidae
Lamna nasus (Bonnaterre, 1788) Porbeagle Native  
Vulnerable
 
Ordo: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Carcharhinidae
Galeorhinus galeus (Linnaeus, 1758) School shark Native  
Vulnerable
 
Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758) Blue shark Native  
Near Threatened
 
Family: Triakidae
Mustelus asterias Cloquet, 1821 Starry smooth-hound Native  
Least Concern
 
Family: Scyliorhinidae
Galeus melastomus Rafinesque, 1810 Blackmouth catshark Native  
Least Concern
 
Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758) Small-spotted catshark Native  
Least Concern
 
Scyliorhinus stellaris (Linnaeus, 1758) Nursehound Native  
Near Threatened
 
Ordo: Torpediniformes
Family: Torpedinidae
Torpedo marmorata Risso, 1810 Marbled electric ray Native  
Data Deficient
 
Torpedo nobiliana Bonaparte, 1835 Atlantic torpedo Native  
Data Deficient
 
Ordo: Rajiformes
Family: Rajidae
Amblyraja radiata (Donovan, 1808) Thorny skate Native  
Vulnerable
 
Dipturus batis (Linnaeus, 1758) Common skate Native  
Critically Endangered
 
Dipturus linteus (Fries, 1838) Sailray Native  
Least Concern
Dipturus nidarosiensis (Storm, 1881) Norwegian skate Native  
Near Threatened
Dipturus oxyrinchus (Linnaeus, 1758) Longnosed skate Native  
Near Threatened
Leucoraja circularis (Couch, 1838) Sandy ray Native  
Vulnerable
 
Leucoraja fullonica (Linnaeus, 1758) Shagreen ray Native  
Near Threatened
 
Leucoraja naevus (Müller & Henle, 1841) Cuckoo Ray Native  
Least Concern
 
Raja brachyura Lafont, 1871 Blonde ray Native  
Near Threatened
 
Raja clavata Linnaeus, 1758 Thornback ray Native  
Near Threatened
 
Raja montagui (Fowler, 1910) Spotted ray Native  
Least Concern
 
Rajella fyllae (Lütken, 1887) Round ray Native  
Least Concern
Ordo: Myliobatiformes
Family: Dasyatidae
Dasyatis pastinaca (Linnaeus, 1758) Common stingray Native  
Data Deficient
 
Pteroplatytrygon violacea (Bonaparte, 1832) Pelagic stingray Native  
Least Concern
 
Myliobatis aquila (Linnaeus, 1758) Common Eagle Ray Native  
Data Deficient
 
Ordo: Acipenseriformes
Family: Acipenseridae
Acipenser sturio Linnaeus, 1758 European sea sturgeon Native  
Critically Endangered
 
Ordo: Anguilliformes
Family: Anguillidae
Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758) European eel Native  
Critically Endangered
 
Conger conger (Linnaeus, 1758) European conger Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Nemichthys scolopaceus Richardson, 1848 Slender snipe eel Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Ordo: Clupeiformes
Family: Clupeidae
Alosa alosa (Linnaeus, 1758) Allis shad Native  
Least Concern
 
Alosa fallax Lacépède, 1800 Twait shad Native  
Least Concern
 
Clupea harengus Linnaeus, 1758 Atlantic herring Native  
Least Concern
 
Engraulis encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758) European anchovy Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792) European pilchard Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Sprattus sprattus (Linnaeus, 1758) European sprat Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Ordo: Argentiniformes
Family: Argentinidae
Argentina silus (Ascanius, 1775) Greater argentine Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Argentina sphyraena Linnaeus, 1758 Argentine Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Ordo: Salmoniformes
Family: Salmonidae
Coregonus oxyrinchus (Linnaeus, 1758) Houting Native  
Extinct
 
Salmo salar Linnaeus, 1758 Atlantic salmon Native  
Least Concern
 
Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758 Brown trout Native  
Least Concern
 
Salvelinus alpinus (Linnaeus, 1758) Arctic char Native  
Least Concern
 
Ordo: Osmeriformes
Family: Osmeridae
Osmerus eperlanus (Linnaeus, 1758) European smelt Native  
Least Concern
 
Ordo: Ophidiiformes
Family: Carapidae
Echiodon drummondii Thompson, 1837 Drummond's pearlfish Native  
Least Concern
 
Ordo: Stomiiformes
Family: Sternoptychidae
Argyropelecus olfersii (Cuvier, 1829) Silver hatchetfish Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Maurolicus muelleri (Gmelin, 1789) Mueller's pearlside Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Ordo: Aulopiformes
Family: Paralepididae
Arctozenus risso (Bonaparte, 1840) Spotted barracudina Accidental  
Not Evaluated
 
Paralepis coregonoides Risso, 1820 Sharpchin barracudina Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Ordo: Myctophiformes
Family: Myctophidae
Benthosema glaciale (Reinhardt, 1837) Glacier lantern fish Accidental  
Not Evaluated
 
Myctophum punctatum Rafinesque, 1810 Spotted lanternfish Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Ordo: Gadiformes
Family: Gadidae
Gadiculus thori Schmidt, 1913 Silvery pout Native  
Not Evaluated
Gadus morhua Linnaeus, 1758 Atlantic cod Native  
Vulnerable
 
Melanogrammus aeglefinus (Linnaeus, 1758) Haddock Native  
Vulnerable
 
Merlangius merlangus (Linnaeus, 1758) Whiting Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Micromesistius poutassou (Risso, 1827) Blue whiting Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Pollachius pollachius (Linnaeus, 1758) Pollack Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Pollachius virens (Linnaeus, 1758) Coalfish Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Raniceps raninus (Linnaeus, 1758) Tadpole fish Native  
Not Evaluated
Trisopterus esmarkii Nilsson, 1855 Norway Pout Native  
Not Evaluated
Trisopterus luscus (Linnaeus, 1758) Pouting Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Trisopterus minutus (Linnaeus, 1758) Poor cod Native  
Least Concern
 
Family: Lotidae
Brosme brosme (Ascanius, 1772) Cusk Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Ciliata mustela (Linnaeus, 1758) Fivebeard rockling Native  
Not Evaluated
Ciliata septentrionalis (Collett, 1875) Northern rockling Native  
Not Evaluated
Enchelyopus cimbrius (Linnaeus, 1766) Fourbeard rockling Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Gaidropsarus mediterraneus (Linnaeus, 1758) Shore rockling Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Gaidropsarus vulgaris (Cloquet, 1824) Three-bearded rockling Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Molva dypterygia (Pennant, 1784) Blue ling Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Molva molva (Linnaeus, 1758) Common ling Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Coryphaenoides rupestris Gunnerus, 1765 Roundnose grenadier Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Merlucciidae
Merluccius merluccius (Linnaeus, 1758) European hake Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Phycidae
Phycis blennoides (Brünnich, 1768) Greater forkbeard Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Ordo: Lampriformes
Family: Lampridae
Lampris guttatus (Brünnich, 1788) Opah Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Regalecidae
Regalecus glesne Ascanius, 1772 Giant Oarfish Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Trachipteridae
Trachipterus arcticus (Brünnich, 1788) Dealfish Accidental  
Not Evaluated
Ordo: Lophiiformes
Family: Lophiidae
Lophius budegassa Spinola, 1807 Blackbellied angler Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Lophius piscatorius Linnaeus, 1758 Sea-devil Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Ordo: Atheriniformes
Family: Atherinidae
Atherina boyeri Risso, 1810 Big-scale sand smelt Invasive  
Least Concern
 
Atherina presbyter Cuvier, 1829 Sand smelt Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Ordo: Beloniformes
Family: Belonidae
Belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761) Garfish Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Scomberesocidae
Scomberesox saurus (Walbaum, 1792) Atlantic saury Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Exocoetidae
Cheilopogon heterurus (Rafinesque, 1810) Mediterranean flyingfish Native  
Not Evaluated
Ordo: Gasterosteiformes
Family: Gasterosteidae
Gasterosteus aculeatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Three-spined stickleback Native  
Least Concern
 
Spinachia spinachia (Linnaeus, 1758) Fifteenspine stickleback Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Ordo: Syngnathiformes
Family: Centriscidae
Macroramphosus scolopax (Linnaeus, 1758) Longspine snipefish Native  
Least Concern
 
Family: Syngnathidae
Entelurus aequoreus (Linnaeus, 1758) Snake pipefish Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Nerophis lumbriciformis (Jenyns, 1835) Worm pipefish Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Nerophis ophidion (Linnaeus, 1758) Straightnose pipefish Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Syngnathus acus Linnaeus, 1758 Greater pipefish Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Syngnathus rostellatus Nilsson, 1855 Lesser pipefish Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Syngnathus typhle Linnaeus, 1758 Broadnosed pipefish Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Hippocampus hippocampus (Linnaeus, 1758) Short-snouted seahorse Native  
Data Deficient
 
Ordo: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Aspius aspius Linnaeus, 1758 Asp Accidental  
Not Evaluated
 
Ordo: Scorpaeniformes
Family: Agonidae
Agonus cataphractus (Linnaeus, 1758) Armed Bullhead Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Cottidae
Artediellus atlanticus Jordan & Evermann, 1898 Atlantic hookear sculpin Native  
Least Concern
Icelus bicornis (Reinhardt, 1840) Twohorn sculpin Native  
Not Evaluated
Taurulus bubalis (Euphrasén, 1786) Longspined sea-scorpion Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Micrenophrys lilljeborgii (Collett, 1875) Norway bullhead Native  
Not Evaluated
Myoxocephalus scorpius (Linnaeus, 1758) Shorthorn sculpin Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Cyclopteridae
Cyclopterus lumpus Linnaeus, 1758 Lumpsucker Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Triglidae
Aspitrigla cuculus (Linnaeus, 1758) Red gurnard Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus, 1758) Tub gurnard Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus, 1758) Grey gurnard Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Trigla lyra Linnaeus, 1758 Piper gurnard Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Trigloporus lastoviza (Bonnaterre, 1788) Streaked gurnard Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Liparidae
Careproctus reinhardti (Krøyer, 1862) Sea tadpole Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Liparis liparis (Linnaeus, 1766) Common seasnail Native  
Least Concern
 
Liparis montagui (Donovan, 1804) Montagu's seasnail Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Sebastidae
Helicolenus dactylopterus Delaroche, 1809 Blackbelly rosefish Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Sebastes mentella Travin, 1951 Deepwater redfish Native  
Least Concern
 
Sebastes norvegicus (Ascanius, 1772) Golden redfish Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Sebastes viviparus Krøyer, 1845 Norway redfish Native  
Not Evaluated
Triglops murrayi Günther, 1888 Moustache sculpin Native  
Not Evaluated
Ordo: Perciformes
Family: Mugilidae
Chelon labrosus (Risso, 1827) Thicklip grey mullet Native  
Least Concern
 
Liza aurata (Risso, 1810) Golden grey mullet Native  
Least Concern
 
Liza ramada (Risso, 1827) Thinlip mullet Native  
Least Concern
 
Family: Bramidae
Brama brama (Bonnaterre, 1788) Pomfret Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Taractes asper Lowe, 1843 Rough pomfret Native  
Not Evaluated
Pterycombus brama Fries, 1837 Atlantic fanfish Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Moronidae
Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758) European seabass Native  
Least Concern
 
Family: Mullidae
Mullus barbatus Linnaeus, 1758 Red mullet Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Mullus surmuletus Linnaeus, 1758 Striped red mullet Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Sciaenidae
Argyrosomus regius (Asso, 1801) Meagre Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Sparidae
Boops boops Linnaeus, 1758 Bogue Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Dentex maroccanus Valenciennes, 1830 Morocco dentex Native  
Not Evaluated
Pagellus acarne (Risso, 1827) Axillary seabream Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Pagellus bogaraveo (Brünnich, 1768) Blackspot seabream Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Pagellus erythrinus (Linnaeus, 1758) Common pandora Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Sarpa salpa (Linnaeus, 1758) Salema porgy Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Sparus aurata (Linnaeus, 1758) Gilt-head bream Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Spondyliosoma cantharus (Linnaeus, 1758) Black seabream Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Echeneidae
Remora remora (Linnaeus, 1758) Common remora Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Carangidae
Naucrates ductor (Linnaeus, 1758) Pilot fish Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Pompano Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758) Atlantic horse mackerel Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Gobiidae
Aphia minuta (Risso, 1810) Transparent goby Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Buenia jeffreysii (Günther, 1867) Jeffrey's goby Native  
Not Evaluated
Crystallogobius linearis (de Düben, 1845) Crystal goby Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Gobius niger Linnaeus, 1758 Black goby Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Gobiusculus flavescens (Fabricius, 1779) Two-spotted goby Native  
Not Evaluated
Lesueurigobius friesii (Malm, 1874) Fries's goby Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas, 1814) Round goby Introduced[2]  
Least Concern
 
Pomatoschistus lozanoi (F. de Buen, 1923) Lozano's goby Native  
Not Evaluated
Pomatoschistus microps (Krøyer, 1838) Common goby Native  
Least Concern
 
Pomatoschistus minutus (Pallas, 1770) Sand goby Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Pomatoschistus pictus (Malm, 1865) Painted goby Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Thorogobius ephippiatus (R. T. Lowe, 1839) Leopard-spotted goby Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Blenniidae
Lipophrys pholis (Linnaeus, 1758) Shanny Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Stichaeidae
Chirolophis ascanii (Walbaum, 1792) Yarrell's blenny Native  
Not Evaluated
Leptoclinus maculatus (Fries, 1838) Daubed shanny Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Lumpenus lampretaeformis (Walbaum, 1792) Snakeblenny Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Pholidae
Pholis gunnellus (Linnaeus, 1758) Rock gunnel Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Zoarcidae
Lycodes vahlii Reinhardt, 1831 Vahl's eelpout Accidental  
Not Evaluated
 
Zoarces viviparus (Linnaeus, 1758) Viviparous eelpout Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Callionymidae
Callionymus lyra Linnaeus, 1758 Common dragonet Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Callionymus maculatus Rafinesque, 1810 Spotted dragonet Native  
Not Evaluated
Callionymus reticulatus Valenciennes, 1837 Reticulated dragonet Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Labridae
Centrolabrus exoletus (Linnaeus, 1758) Rock cook Native  
Least Concern
Coris julis (Linnaeus, 1758) Mediterranean rainbow wrasse Native  
Least Concern
 
Ctenolabrus rupestris (Linnaeus, 1758) Goldsinny wrasse Native  
Least Concern
 
Labrus bergylta Ascanius, 1767 Ballan wrasse Native  
Least Concern
 
Labrus mixtus Linnaeus, 1758 Cuckoo wrasse Native  
Least Concern
 
Symphodus melops (Linnaeus, 1758) Corkwing wrasse Native  
Least Concern
 
Family: Scombridae
Euthynnus alletteratus (Rafinesque, 1810) Little tunny Native  
Least Concern
 
Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758) Skipjack tuna Native  
Least Concern
 
Orcynopsis unicolor (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817) Plain bonito Native  
Least Concern
 
Sarda sarda (Bloch, 1793) Atlantic bonito Native  
Least Concern
 
Scomber scombrus Linnaeus, 1758 Atlantic mackerel Native  
Least Concern
 
Thunnus thynnus (Linnaeus, 1758) Atlantic bluefin tuna Native  
Endangered
 
Family: Xiphiidae
Xiphias gladius Linnaeus, 1758 Swordfish Native  
Least Concern
 
Family: Ammodytidae
Ammodytes marinus Raitt, 1934 Raitt's sand eel Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Ammodytes tobianus Linnaeus, 1758 Small sandeel Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Gymnammodytes semisquamatus (Jourdain, 1879) Smooth sandeel Native  
Not Evaluated
Hyperoplus immaculatus (Corbin, 1950) Greater sand-eel Native  
Not Evaluated
Hyperoplus lanceolatus (Le Sauvage, 1824) Great sandeel Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Anarhichadidae
Anarhichas lupus Linnaeus, 1758 Atlantic wolffish Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Trachinidae
Echiichthys vipera (Cuvier, 1829) Lesser weever Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Trachinus draco Linnaeus, 1758 Greater weever Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Ordo: Pleuronectiformes
Family: Bothidae
Arnoglossus laterna (Walbaum, 1792) Mediterranean scaldfish Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Pleuronectidae
Glyptocephalus cynoglossus (Linnaeus, 1758) Witch Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Hippoglossoides platessoides (O. Fabricius, 1780) American plaice Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Hippoglossus hippoglossus (Linnaeus, 1758) Atlantic halibut Native  
Endangered
 
Limanda limanda (Linnaeus, 1758) Common dab Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Microstomus kitt (Walbaum, 1792) Lemon sole Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Platichthys flesus (Linnaeus, 1758) European flounder Native  
Least Concern
 
Pleuronectes platessa (Linnaeus, 1758) European plaice Native  
Least Concern
 
Family: Scophthalmidae
Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis (Walbaum, 1792) Megrim Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Phrynorhombus norvegicus (Günther, 1862) Norwegian topknot Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus, 1758) Turbot Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus, 1758) Brill Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Zeugopterus punctatus (Bloch, 1787) Topknot Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Soleidae
Buglossidium luteum (Risso, 1810) Solenette Native  
Least Concern
 
Microchirus variegatus (Donovan, 1808) Thickback sole Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Solea solea (Linnaeus, 1758) Common sole Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Ordo: Tetraodontiformes
Family: Molidae
Mola mola (Linnaeus, 1758) Ocean sunfish Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Ranzania laevis (Pennant, 1776) Slender sunfish Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Ordo: Beryciformes
Family: Berycidae
Beryx decadactylus (Cuvier, 1829) Alfonsino Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Ordo: Zeiformes
Family: Caproidae
Capros aper (Linnaeus, 1758) Boar fish Native  
Not Evaluated
 
Family: Zeidae
Zeus faber (Linnaeus, 1758) John Dory Native  
Not Evaluated
 

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Kurt Fiedler: Lehrbuch der Speziellen Zoologie, Band II, Teil 2: Fische. Gustav Fischer Verlag Jena, 1991, ISBN 3-334-00339-6.
  2. ^ Verreycken H., Breine J.J., Snoeks J., Belpaire C. (2011) First record of the round goby, Neogobius melanostomus (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Gobiidae) in Belgium. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 41(2): 137–140.

Sources edit

  • Sven Gehrmann: Die Fauna der Nordsee — Wirbeltiere: Meerestiere der nordeuropäischen Küsten. April 2009, ISBN 3981255313
  • Bent J. Muus, Jørgen G. Nielsen: Die Meeresfische Europas. In Nordsee, Ostsee und Atlantik. Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, ISBN 3440078043
  • FishBase Fishspecies in North Sea