The highway system in Puerto Rico is composed of approximately 14,400 kilometers (8,900 mi)[1] of roads in Puerto Rico, maintained by the Puerto Rico Department of Transportation and Public Works (Spanish: Departmento de Transportación y Obras Públicas) or DTOP. The highway system in Puerto Rico is divided into four networks: primary, urban primary, secondary or inter-municipal, and tertiary or local (Spanish: red primaria, red primaria urbana, red secundaria o intermunicipal, and red terciaria o local).[1] Highways may change between networks and retain their same numbers.
Puerto Rico Highway System
Highway shields for primary, urban primary, secondary and tertiary sections of PR-1
Puerto Rico roads are classified according to the network they belong to. There are four types: primary, urban primary, secondary, and tertiary.[1][2]
In this regard, a primary road is one which is part of the primary network, an urban primary road is part of the urban primary network, etc. Generally, the same highway may change between networks, but the highway will continue to have the same number. For example, PR-1, connecting Ponce and San Juan, is signed as urban primary inside the Ponce city limits, then it is signed as secondary in Ponce's rural barrio Capitanejo, and then it is again signed as urban primary on its entry into the town of Santa Isabel.
Primary roads are numbered 1 through 99, secondary roads are numbered 100 to 299, and tertiary roads are numbered 300 to 9999.[3] In 2009, primary routes comprise about 14% of the total Commonwealth system mileage, secondary about 30%, and tertiary (municipal) about 56% of the total mileage.[3]
Route number markers on PR-191 in 2009; on the left is the tertiary highway marker, in the middle is a Forest Highway marker, and on the right is a pre-1999 marker.
Provide access to a municipality's main urban area from peripheral communities
300–9999
^ abJust as some highways numbered 1–99 may have secondary or tertiary network type markers on specific segments of their roadways, some highways numbered 100–299 may also have tertiary network markers—black numbers on white circles set against a black square—in specific segments of those highways, to indicate that such portions of the highway are part of the tertiary network.
Less common markersedit
Puerto Rico highway marker (pre-1999)
Puerto Rico National Forest road marker
At least two[1] other markers can be observed in Puerto Rico roads today (2019). The first is the older style road marker which, above the route number, also had the outline of the main island of Puerto Rico with the words Puerto Rico on the outline as shown here. Until 1999,[4] all non-tolled numbered highways in Puerto Rico had the same route marker, a square with a white-on-black half-circle with the route number in the bottom two thirds and a map of Puerto Rico with the words Puerto Rico written inside in the top third. A second road marker, used on the road through El Yunque National Forest, is the brown-colored upside-down trapezoidal marker with the road number on the top two-thirds of the sign and the words Bosque Nacional (national forest) on the bottom one-third, as shown.
Roadway maintenanceedit
All Puerto Rico Highway System roads, regardless of the classification used, are maintained by the centralized, Commonwealth-level, Departmento de Transportación y Obras Públicas (DTOP). Municipal governments are not responsible for maintenance of the Puerto Rico Highway System roads within their territory; whether or not the municipal government is an autonomous government, DTOP is the responsible agency.[5] The DTOP maintains a network of regional offices throughout the island which carry out DTOP work within their multi-municipality region. Municipal governments are only responsible for maintenance of city and town streets within their jurisdictions.[6] On occasion, the central government has entered into memoranda of agreement with municipal governments for the collaborative maintenance of some Puerto Rico Highway System roadways within their municipalities.[7][8]
Municipal roadsedit
In Puerto Rico, the term municipal road may be encountered occasionally. This is not a “fourth” network of State roads. Roadways that have both their terminus within the same municipality are called tertiary roads and are, by convention, numbered PR-300 through PR-9999. Tertiary roads are also sometimes called Carreteras de la red local (English: Local network roads).[2]
However, the term municipal road or municipal highway (Spanish: Carretera municipal) refers to any public roadway that is not marked with a Puerto Rico road marker.[9] Roadways marked with a Puerto Rico road marker are those public roadways that include PR followed by a number in its markers. Such roads are considered State roads and part of the Puerto Rico Highway System. Public roadways that do not include such markings are termed municipal roadways. Unlike State roads, which are signed with numbers, municipal roads are signed with names, such as Calle Hostos, Calle De Diego, Calle San Jorge, Calle León M. Acuña.[9]
Tertiary roads are not municipal roads even though at times the term municipal road has been used (as a shortcut to intra-municipal road)—even by the Government of Puerto Rico—to refer to a tertiary State road.[3] The confusion comes from the context in which the phrase municipal road occurs. When the term municipal road occurs in the context of roads owned and maintained by the State government, municipal roads means tertiary State network roads. In this context, a municipal road and a State tertiary road both refer to the same network of State roads. However, if the term occurs in the context of roadways owned and maintained by a municipal government, it refers to the network of local streets and roadways that make up the urban landscape of a municipality.
Another context sometimes encountered is the context of how a road is used, that is, the purpose of a road. The purpose of a road is indicative of whether a road is a municipal road or not. In its strictest meaning, the term municipal roads refers to roads within a municipality's urban center that provide access from one urban neighborhood to another urban neighborhood within the same urban area (city, town, poblado, etc.), while in the larger context of the State highway system, municipal roads refers to roads that “provide access to the main urban area of a municipality from peripheral communities” (that is, tertiary roads).[1] Municipal roads are maintained by the municipal government where those roads occur, while tertiary roads are maintained by the State government. As stated under the section Road maintenance, at times the State government has entered into Memorandums of Agreement with municipal governments for the upkeep of a State tertiary roadway (note this is a State-owned road that runs entirely within a single municipality), but this does not make it a municipal road—the road continues to maintain its State signage and ownership.[7][8]
Expresswaysedit
Highways with control access fall into three types: An expressway is an arterial highway with full or partial control of access. Expressways with full control of access are termed freeways. If the freeway charges a toll for its use, it is called an autopista.[3] Most tollbooths accept the AutoExpreso, an electronic toll collection system, to avoid traffic congestion.[10][11] Toll roads between San Juan and Arecibo, and between San Juan and Ponce were envisioned by J. Raymond Watson, a Puerto Rican engineer, in 1970.[12]
All Puerto Rico expressways are signed either as primary or as urban primary routes.
Autopista José de Diego (PR-22) heading west in Arecibo
Bayamón, PR-22 to Naranjito, PR-147 and PR-149 with discontinuity between PR-199 in Bayamón and PR-167 in Toa Alta.
50 mph (80 km/h)
Tolled. This road has three expressway segments as of April 2012—these are between PR-29 and PR-22 and between PR-2 and PR-199 (both in Bayamón), an unbuilt portion in southern Bayamón and a portion between PR-167 (Toa Alta) and the town of Naranjito.
Exists in two segments due to a still-under-construction portion between Adjuntas and Utuado. Much of old route now PR-123; the current alignment dates from 1974.
Secondary roads are numbered in the 100 to 299 range. Unlike primary highways, which are numbered randomly throughout the island, secondary highways generally follow a grid pattern. They begin from the southwest portion of the island with PR-100 and increase in number as you progress in a northeasterly fashion. PR-100 is located in the southwestern town of Cabo Rojo, whilst PR-198 is in Juncos, Las Piedras and Humacao in the eastern part of Puerto Rico. The highest secondary highway number assigned so far (February 2014) is 252 (PR-252), located in the northeastern municipality-island of Culebra. A few roads “violate” this grid order; for example, PR-199 lies in Guaynabo and San Juan.
This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (April 2019)
Tertiary highways also follow a general grid. Towns which do not border the Atlantic Ocean or the Caribbean Sea, especially in the mountainous area, may overlap this grid, for example Ciales may have both highways in the 600-699 grid and the 500-599 grid, depending where they begin further north or further south. Generally along the areas where the highways are, the lower the number, the more south it is. Culebra is the only town in Puerto Rico that does not fall in any of the regions, for only PR-250 and PR-251 are the main routes. The entire immediate metropolitan area of San Juan with the exception of Caguas falls in the 800 region, while the entire east coast (north and south) east of San Juan, Caguas and Patillas fall in the 900 region. This is because the eastern portion of Puerto Rico has a southeastern coast which goes to the west from Humacao, which roughly defines where the Vieques Passage and the Caribbean Sea meet along the coast. Yabucoa is in the exact south-southeast area and lies in the 900 region, while Maunabo overlaps the 700's and 900's regions. Vieques, an offshore island-municipality, has some highways in the 900 order.
Some roads are numbered using four digits. For example, PR-5506. These are branches, or spurs, of tertiary roads by the same last three digit number. Thus, PR-5506 is a branch of PR-506. They are often dead end branches, and are common in the mountain regions of the main island. Sometimes they are loops branching off the main road and eventually connecting back to the same main tertiary road. The “fourth” digit is generally a repeat of the first digit of the main tertiary road in question. Thus, a branch of PR-301 would be signed PR-3301, with the added 3 prefixing the number of the main tertiary road associated with the spur, 301, because 3 is the first digit of the main road. When the road has more than one distinct spur, an additional unrelated digit is used (example, PR-4301).
This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (April 2019)
Like Interstate routes in Alaska, Puerto Rico Interstate routes are unsigned. For administrative and funding purposes, the three routes have been designated as PRI-1, PRI-2 and PRI-3[67] and run along various combinations of Puerto Rico routes. They do not follow the even-and-odd-number rule used in mainland United States that indicates direction of travel. Per Section 103(c)(1)(B) (ii), Title 23, United States Code (23 U.S.C.) Puerto Rico is exempt from the design standards of Section 109(b).[64]
Puerto Rico's Interstate routes should not be confused with Puerto Rico Routes PR-1, PR-2, and PR-3, which are other major highways in Puerto Rico.[68]
^The segment south of the Ponce Bypass (PR-2) was built in 1960. The segment north of PR-2 was built in the 1990s, and completed in 2002.
Referencesedit
^ abcdefAutoridad de Carreteras y Transportación (22 December 2004). "Guias para la Selección e Instalación de Rotulos de Orientacion (Suplemento al MUTCD 2003)" (PDF) (in Spanish). Departamento de Transportación y Obras Públicas. p. 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 November 2009. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
^ abGuías para la Selección e Instalación de Rótulos de Orientación (Suplemento al MUTCD 2009). Autoridad de Carreteras. 24 July 2015. pp. 1-2. Accessed 31 March 2019.
^ abcdeAutoridad de Carreteras y Transportación Estándares de Ingeniería. "Chapter i: General Design Criteria". Manual de Diseño(PDF) (in Spanish). Departamento de Transportación y Obras Públicas. Sections 1-03.01, pp. 1-2. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
^Oscar Voss. "Puerto Rico road photos". Archived from the original on 4 April 2003. Retrieved 10 October 2021.
^"Municipal Ordinance Number 52, Series 2009-2010. Primera Hora" (PDF) (in Spanish). Autonomous Municipality of Ponce. 28 April 2010. p. 59. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 July 2011.
^"Oficinas Regionales" (in Spanish). Departamento de Transportación y Obras Públicas. Archived from the original on 6 September 2010. Retrieved 22 August 2010.
^ ab"ACT Propone Diseño de Mejoras Geometricas Para Agilizar el Transito en las Rampas de Acceso de la PR-52 Hacia y Desde Juana Diaz" (Press release) (in Spanish). Departamento de Transportación y Obras Públicas. 16 November 2010. Archived from the original on 24 November 2010. Retrieved 22 November 2010.
^ ab"Municipio de Ponce Repavimenta la PR-2". El Sur a la Vista. Ponce, Puerto Rico (in Spanish). 16 September 2011. Retrieved 19 September 2011.
^ ab¿Sabes cómo identificar si una carretera es estatal o municipal? Carlos M. Contreras-Aponte, Secretary of the Puerto Rico Department of Transportation and Public Works (DTOP). Departamento de Transportación y Obras Publicas de Puerto Rico. Published 28 August 2017. (Video series name: DTOP en Ruta; Date of video: Unknown). Accessed 2 May 2019.
^"Puerto Rico Seeks Prosperity Through Transportation". The New York Times. 29 March 1970. Retrieved 5 September 2019.
^ ab"Anuncian cierre de carretera por repavimentación". Primera Hora (in Spanish). 4 December 2018. Archived from the original on 24 September 2020. Retrieved 25 April 2022.
^PR-2R, Ponce, Puerto Rico PR.Geoview.Info Accessed 3 May 2019.
^"Cabo Rojo, Memoria Núm. 2" (PDF). Puerto Rico Planning Board (in Spanish). 1947. Retrieved 10 August 2020.
^ ab"Aguadilla, Memoria Núm. 56" (PDF). Puerto Rico Planning Board (in Spanish). 1955. Retrieved 10 August 2020.
^Inauguran conector con la PR-10 del sur.[permanent dead link] Sandra Caquías Cruz. El Nuevo Dia. Guaynabo, Puerto Rico. 14 October 2000. Accessed 15 February 2018
^Listado de Sistemas Viales: Muestra. Departamento de Transportación y Obras Publicas de Puerto Rico. 3 May 2019. Archived at WayBack Machine on
2011-02-06 at 05:23:03AM (6 February 2011). Accessed 3 May 2019.
^ abcdefghGuía de Carreteras Principales, Expresos y Autopistas. Archived 13 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine Gobierno de Puerto Rico. Departamento de Transportación y Obras Publicas. Accessed 3 May 2019.
^Carmelo Rosario Natal. Ponce En Su Historia Moderna: 1945–2002. Published by Secretaría de Cultura y Turismo of the Government of the Autonomous Municipality of Ponce. Ponce, Puerto Rico. 2003. p. 53.
^"Resolución para ordenar a la Comisión de Transportación, Infraestructura, y de Recreación y Deportes de la Cámara de Representantes de Puerto Rico, a realizar una investigación sobre las condiciones de la Carretera 142, la cual discurre por los municipios de Dorado, Toa Alta y Corozal, debido a los constantes accidentes automovilísticos en la zona que ponen en peligro la seguridad de los usuarios de dicha vía de rodaje" (PDF). House of Representatives of Puerto Rico (in Spanish). Retrieved 6 May 2019.
^Carmelo Rosario Natal. Ponce En Su Historia Moderna: 1945-2002. Published by Secretaría de Cultura y Turismo of the Government of the Autonomous Municipality of Ponce. Ponce, Puerto Rico. 2003. p. 52.
^ abcd"Plan Maestro para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Vieques" (PDF). PUERTO RICO Microjuris (in Spanish). 2004. pp. 168–169. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
^"Ponencia del alcalde del municipio de Aguas Buenas, honorable Luis Arroyo Chiqués sobre la resolución del Senado 40 para investigación sobre la paralización del proyecto expreso número 156 que conduce de Caguas a Aguas Buenas" (PDF). Oficina de Servicios Legislativos (in Spanish). Retrieved 4 May 2019.
^ abcde"Plan Maestro para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Culebra" (PDF). PUERTO RICO Microjuris (in Spanish). 2004. p. 142. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
^Ley Núm. 62 del año 2016 (P. de la C. 2753): Para designar la Carretera Estatal PR-7718, parte de la “Ruta Panorámica Luis Muñoz Marín”, en el Barrio Pasto de Aibonito, Puerto Rico, como “Paseo Don Julio Francisco “Paco” Santos Vázquez”. Ley Num. 62 de 17 de junio de 2016. Camara de Representantes de Puerto Rico. LexJuris Puerto Rico. Accessed 2 May 2019.
^ abNational Highway System: Interstate Highway System: FHWA Route Log and Finder List: Interstate Funding. US Department of Transportation. National Highway Administration. Accessed 2 May 2019.
^FHWA Route Log and Finder List: Additional Designations. Tony DeSimone. U.S. Federal Highway Administration. 22 March 2007. 2 May 2019.
^"Section D: Puerto Rico Highways" (PDF). Latin America Trade and Transportation Study. Mississippi Department of Transportation. March 2001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 23 September 2010.
^ abDeSimone, Tony (6 April 2011). "Table 3: Interstate Routes in Each of the 50 States, District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico". Route Log and Finder List. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved 4 July 2012.
^"National Highway System - Puerto Rico Map" (PDF). U.S. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
^"Table 1: Main Routes of the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System Of Interstate and Defense Highways as of October 31, 2002". Route Log and Finder List. Federal Highway Administration. 4 June 2012. Retrieved 4 July 2012.
External linksedit
2020 Manual de Rotulación para las Vías Públicas de Puerto Rico (in Spanish)
