Lists of office-holders

Summary

These are lists of incumbents (individuals holding offices or positions), including heads of states or of subnational entities.

A historical discipline, archontology, focuses on the study of past and current office holders.

Incumbents may also be found in the countries' articles (main article and "politics of") and the list of national leaders, recent changes in 2024 in politics and government, and past leaders on state leaders by year and colonial governors by century.

Various articles group lists by title, function or topic: e.g. abdication, assassinated persons, cabinet (government), chancellor, ex-monarchs (20th century), head of government, head of state, lieutenant governor, mayor, military commanders, minister (and ministers by portfolio below), order of precedence, peerage, president, prime minister, Reichstag participants (1792), secretary of state.

Heads of international organizations

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Heads of state or government

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Africa

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Eastern Africa

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Horn of Africa

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Middle Africa

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Northern Africa

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Southern Africa

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Western Africa

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Americas

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Caribbean

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Central America

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North America

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South America

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Asia

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Central Asia

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Eastern Asia

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Southeastern Asia

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South Asia

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Western Asia

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Europe

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Eastern Europe

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Northern Europe

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Central Europe

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Southern Europe

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Western Europe

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Oceania

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Australasia

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Melanesia

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Micronesia

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Polynesia

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Religious leaders

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Christianity

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Catholic Church

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Anglican Communion

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Other denominations

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Judaism

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Islam

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Hinduism

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Buddhism

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Other lists

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Ministers by portfolio

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Municipal leaders

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  • Current Heads of State
  • Archontology, by Oleg Schultz
  • Rulers, by B. Schemmel – detailed lists (including regional and religious leaders) from 1700.
  • World Statesmen, by Ben Cahoon
  • World Political Leaders, by Roberto Ortiz de Zárate