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Liu Cixin

Summary

Liu Cixin (Chinese: 刘慈欣, pronounced [ljǒʊ tsʰɨ̌ɕín]; born 23 June 1963)[1] is a Chinese science fiction writer.[2] He is a nine-time winner of China's Galaxy Award and has also received the 2015 Hugo Award for his novel The Three-Body Problem as well as the 2017 Locus Award for Death's End. He is also a winner of the Chinese Nebula Award.[3] In English translations of his works, his name is given as Cixin Liu. He is a member of China Science Writers Association and the vice president of Shanxi Writers Association.[4] He is also called "Da Liu".[5]

Liu Cixin
Liu in 2015
Liu in 2015
Native name
刘慈欣
Born (1963-06-23) 23 June 1963 (age 59)
Beijing, China
OccupationScience fiction writer, computer engineer
NationalityChinese
Period1989–present
GenreScience fiction
Notable worksRemembrance of Earth's Past trilogy (a.k.a. The Three-Body Problem trilogy)
Liu Cixin
Traditional Chinese劉慈欣
Simplified Chinese刘慈欣

Life and careerEdit

Liu was born on 23 June 1963 in Beijing and raised in Yangquan, Shanxi,[5] where his parents had been sent to work in the mines.[6] Due to the violence of the Cultural Revolution he was sent to live in his ancestral home in Luoshan County, Henan.[7] Liu graduated from the North China University of Water Conservancy and Electric Power in 1988. He then worked as a computer engineer at a power plant in Shanxi province.[8]

WritingEdit

Liu's writing is influenced by fiction. He cites British authors George Orwell and Arthur C. Clarke as important literary influences.[9] He was labeled the first cyberpunk Chinese author after his novel, China 2185, was published in 1989.[10] Liu's most famous work, The Three-Body Problem, was published in 2007 (it is the first novel in the Remembrance of Earth's Past trilogy). American author Ken Liu's 2014 translation (published by Tor Books) won the 2015 Hugo Award for Best Novel.[11] Liu Cixin thus became the first author from Asia to win Best Novel.[12] The German translation (which included some portions of the original text not included in the English translation) followed in 2016.[13] Ken Liu also translated the third volume of The Three-Body Problem series, Death's End, in 2016.[14] Death's End was a 2017 Hugo Award for Best Novel finalist and won a 2017 Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel.

Liu's three novels had been a sensation of Chinese science fiction literature within Chinese territory and internationally. In 2012, even the winner of the Nobel Prize of Literature, Mo Yan, would have acclaimed the remarkable originality of Liu Cixin.[15] Liu's fiction focuses primarily on problems such as social inequality, scientific development and ecological limitations that impacts humanity.[16] Chinese science fiction, then, acts as a vehicle that expresses hope for social change and modernization to contextualize the process of globalization.[17] With the novels revolving around China, not implying the favourability to this country but to remind that China and as well as other countries face the same threats that endanger the civilization and the world.[16] Similarly, with proper translation of Chinese science fiction literature and literature in general would allow to overcome the division between different cultures and cultural exchanges.[17] Which would allow the integration of new ideas and allow Chinese culture to be an essential part for the world's literature.[17]

AdaptationsEdit

A cinematic adaptation of The Three-Body Problem has been filmed, but its release has been indefinitely postponed.[18] In March 2018, Amazon was rumored to be negotiating for the rights to the project.[19][20] However, YooZoo Pictures released a statement in response stating that it was the "sole owner of the rights for film and TV series adaptations."[20] Although it "was originally scheduled to be released in 2017," the project "was postponed indefinitely due to the company's internal shuffling and the rumored 'bad quality' of the film's first cut."[20] In June 2019, it was reported that work had begun on an animated adaptation,[21] and in 2020, October Media announced another adaptation in the works.[22]

The cinematic adaptation of his short story The Wandering Earth was released in China on February 5, 2019,[23] which became the second highest-grossing film in the Chinese box office within 2 weeks.[24]

The science-fiction comedy film Crazy Alien was adapted from his science fiction The Rural Teacher [zh], which has grossed 2.2 billion at the box office, making it the fifteenth film in Chinese film history with a box office exceeding 2 billion.[25]

US streaming platform Netflix announced in September 2020 that it had ordered an English-language series based on Liu's well-known trilogy The Three-Body Problem. Liu would serve as a consulting producer on the project. David Benioff and D.B. Weiss were named as writers and executive producers. Other members of the creative team included executive producer Rian Johnson, Ram Bergman, Bernadette Caulfield, Nena Rodrigue, Lin Qi, and Rosamund Pike.[26] The Netflix television adaptation started production in early November 2021, with a scheduled finish date in August 2022.[27]

Films and TV worksEdit

Year Work Type Role
2019 The Wandering Earth Movie Original, Executive Producer
2019 Crazy Alien Movie Original
2021 末日拯救 (Earth Rescue Day) Movie Screenwriter
TBA The Three-Body Problem Netflix Original Consulting Producer

Personal lifeEdit

Liu is married and has a daughter.[28]

Political viewsEdit

According to a June 2019 interview and profile article by The New Yorker, Liu avoids talking about politics. In the same article, Liu argued that democracy was not appropriate for modern China, and individual liberty and freedom of governance is "not what Chinese people care about", adding "If you were to loosen up the country a bit, the consequences would be terrifying." He expressed support for policies such as the one-child policy and the Xinjiang re-education camps, saying "the government is helping their economy and trying to lift them out of poverty".[29]

Liu's remarks in the New Yorker interview were questioned by five Republican U.S. senators in a letter to Netflix in September 2020. The letter asks whether Netflix was aware of Liu's remarks and demands a justification for proceeding with the adaptation of The Three-Body Problem.[30][31][32][33] Netflix responded that Liu was not the creator of the show, and that Liu's comments "are not reflective of the views of Netflix or of the show's creators, nor are they part of the plot or themes of the show".[34]

BibliographyEdit

NovelsEdit

Works of short fictionEdit

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2010

  • Curse 5.0 (太原之恋) (九州幻想)
  • 2018年4月1日

2011

  • 烧火工 (guokr.com)

2014

  • The Circle (圆) (Carbide Tipped Pens: Seventeen Tales of Hard Science Fiction)
  • Time Migration （时间移民）

2016

  • Weight of Memories (人生)

2018

  • Fields of Gold (黄金原野) (Twelve Tomorrows)
  • 2018

2020

  • To Hold Up The Sky

Novels CollectionEdit

2003

  • 爱因斯坦赤道

2004

  • With her Eyes (带上她的眼睛）

2008

  • The Wandering Earth (流浪地球）
  • 魔鬼积木·白垩纪往事

2014

  • Time Immigrant (时间移民）
  • 2018

Science EssayEdit

2003

AwardsEdit

Awards Results Works
2001 Yinhe (Galaxy Award (China)) Awarded[35] 带上她的眼睛 (With Her Eyes)
2005 Yinhe (Galaxy Award (China)) Awarded 赡养人类 (Support Human Beings)
2006 Yinhe (Galaxy Award (China)) Awarded 三体(The Three-Body Problem)
2015 Ignotus Awards for Foreign Short Stories Nominated[36] /
2015 Hugo Award for Best Novel Awarded[37] 三体(The Three-Body Problem)
2015 Nebula Award for Best Novel Nominated[38] 三体(The Three-Body Problem)
2015 Locus Award for Best SF Novel Nominated[39] 三体(The Three-Body Problem)
2015 Prometheus Award Nominated[40] 三体(The Three-Body Problem)
2015 John W. Campbell Memorial Award Nominated[41] 三体(The Three-Body Problem)
2016-2017 Canopus Awards Nominated[42] 三体(The Three-Body Problem)
2017 Kurd-Laßwitz-Preis for Best Foreign SF work Awarded[43] 三体(Die drei Sonnen)
2017 Premio Ignotus for Foreign Novel Awarded[44] 三体(El problema de los tres cuerpos)
2017 Grand Prix de l'Imaginaire for Foreign Novel Nominated[45] 三体(Le Problème à trois corps)
2017 Hugo Award for Best Novel Nominated 死神永生(Death's End)
2017 Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel Awarded[46] 死神永生(Death's End)
2017 Dragon Awards for Best Science Fiction Novel Nominated[47] 死神永生(Death's End)
2018 Arthur C. Clarke Award for Imagination in Service to Society Awarded[48] The author himself
2019 Seiun Awards for Best Translated Story Awarded[49] 圆（円）

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ "Summary Bibliography: Cixin Liu". www.isfdb.org.
  2. ^ What lies beyond By Chitralekha Basu and Guo Shuhan, China Daily Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ Awards for Chinese-language science fictions announced
  4. ^ "Liu Cixin".
  5. ^ a b "Liu Cixin's War of the Worlds". The New Yorker. 14 June 2019. Retrieved 30 November 2021.
  6. ^ Peyton, Will (2021). "Chinese and Western Literary Influence in Liu Cixin's Three Body Trilogy". Studies in Global Science Fiction. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-79315-9. ISBN 978-3-030-79314-2. ISSN 2569-8826. S2CID 243509883.
  7. ^ Three Body Problem: Author's postscript to the American Edition
  8. ^ Richardson, Nick (8 February 2018). "Even what doesn't happen is epic". London Review of Books. 40 (3) – via www.lrb.co.uk.
  9. ^ Misra, Ria (14 January 2015). "This Is What It's Like To Write Science Fiction Novels In China". io9. Gizmodo.
  10. ^ Martin, Nicolas (2 November 2018). "Le corps cybernétique : quand la SF s'incarne". France Culture (in French). Retrieved 14 December 2018.
  11. ^ "2015 Hugo Awards". The Hugo Awards. 31 March 2015.
  12. ^ Chen, Andrea (24 August 2015). "Out of this world: Chinese sci-fi author Liu Cixin is Asia's first writer to win Hugo award for best novel". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  13. ^ "Deutsche Übersetzung von "The Three-Body Problem" könnte nächsten Herbst erscheinen" (in German). China Internet Information Center. 1 September 2015. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
  14. ^ Canavan, Gerry (12 February 2016). "Quiet, Too Quiet". Los Angeles Review of Books. Retrieved 9 July 2019.
  15. ^ Gaffric, Gwennaël; Peyton, Will (2019). "Liu Cixin's Three-Body Trilogy and the Status of Science Fiction in Contemporary China". Science Fiction Studies. 46 (1): 21–38. doi:10.5621/sciefictstud.46.1.0021. ISSN 0091-7729. JSTOR 10.5621/sciefictstud.46.1.0021. S2CID 127705525.
  16. ^ a b THIERET, ADRIAN (2015). "Society and Utopia in Liu Cixin". China Perspectives. 1 (101): 33–39. doi:10.4000/chinaperspectives.6643. ISSN 2070-3449. JSTOR 43392963.
  17. ^ a b c Wu, You (1 November 2020). "Globalization, Science Fiction and the China Story: Translation, Dissemination and Reception of Liu Cixin's Works across the Globe". Critical Arts. 34 (6): 56–70. doi:10.1080/02560046.2020.1850820. ISSN 0256-0046. S2CID 231741842.
  18. ^ "Premiere of Film based on Acclaimed Sci-fi Novel 'The Three-Body Problem' Pushed Back until 2017". EntGroup. 23 June 2016. Retrieved 24 June 2015.
  19. ^ Desta, Yohana (27 March 2018). "Amazon's Reportedly Dropping $1 Billion for a TV Show to Rival Game of Thrones". Vanity Fair. Condé Nast.
  20. ^ a b c Zhou, Jing (23 March 2018). "Rights holder won't give up 'Three-Body' series". www.china.org.cn. Retrieved 19 June 2018.
  21. ^ Liptak, Andrew (21 June 2019). "An animated adaptation of Chinese sci-fi novel The Three-Body Problem is in development". The Verge. Retrieved 9 July 2019.
  22. ^ "China has another Three-Body Problem film in the works". South China Morning Post. 26 June 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  23. ^ Butcher, Asa (26 October 2018). "Film based on Three-Body Problem writer's sci-fi story set for February release in China". gbtimes.com. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
  24. ^ Linder, Alex (18 February 2019). "The Wandering Earth is now the second-highest grossing movie in Chinese history". Shanghaiist. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
  25. ^ Zhao, Yushan; Wang, Miao; Li, Lijun (2015). "Translation Mode of Book of Change from the Perspective of Communication Science". Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Education Reform and Modern Management. Paris, France: Atlantis Press. 15. doi:10.2991/ermm-15.2015.58. ISBN 978-94-62520-66-0.
  26. ^ "International best-seller 'The Three-Body Problem' to be adapted as a Netflix original series". Netflix Media Center. 2 September 2020. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  27. ^ Munro, Stefani (7 November 2021). "The Three-Body Problem release date, cast, synopsis, and more". netflixlife.
  28. ^ "刘慈欣：《三体》的成功只是特例". news.ifeng.com. Retrieved 11 July 2017.
  29. ^ Fan, Jiayang (17 June 2019). "Liu Cixin's War of the Worlds". The New Yorker. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  30. ^ "Blackburn, Colleagues Raise Concerns About Netflix's Choice to Adapt and Promote Film by Proponent of Uyghur Internment". U.S. Senator Marsha Blackburn of Tennessee. 24 September 2020. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  31. ^ Brzeski, Patrick (24 September 2020). "GOP Senators Send Letter to Netflix Challenging Plans to Adapt Chinese Sci-Fi Novel 'The Three Body Problem'". hollywoodreporter.com. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  32. ^ Flood, Alison (25 September 2020). "Netflix faces call to rethink Liu Cixin adaptation after his Uighur comments". The Guardian. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  33. ^ Li, Jane (25 September 2020). "Netflix's 'Three-Body Problem' has to figure out how to not be the next 'Mulan'". Quartz. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  34. ^ Thorne, Will (25 September 2020). "Netflix Sends Firm Response to GOP Senators Over Chinese Sci-Fi Adaptation Controversy". Variety. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  35. ^ admin (6 November 2021). "Liu Cixin's novel "Bring Her Eyes" remake of the film, I am the screenwriter_TOM Entertainment". www.breakinglatest.news. Retrieved 30 November 2021.
  36. ^ "2015 Ignotus Awards Winners". Locus Online. 10 November 2015. Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  37. ^ Kevin (23 August 2015). "2015 Hugo Award Winners Announced". The Hugo Awards. Archived from the original on 24 August 2015. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  38. ^ "2014 Nebula Awards Nominees Announced". SFWA. 20 February 2015. Archived from the original on 1 August 2017. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  39. ^ Publications, Locus (27 June 2015). "Locus Online News » 2015 Locus Awards Winners". www.locusmag.com. Archived from the original on 12 June 2017. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  40. ^ Publications, Locus (13 July 2015). "Locus Online News » 2015 Prometheus Award Winner". www.locusmag.com. Archived from the original on 12 June 2017. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  41. ^ Publications, Locus (15 June 2015). "Locus Online News » 2015 Campbell and Sturgeon Awards Winners". www.locusmag.com. Archived from the original on 12 June 2017. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  42. ^ "2016-2017 Canopus Awards Finalists". Locus Online. 12 April 2017. Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  43. ^ Publications, Locus (12 June 2017). "Locus Online News » 2017 Kurd Laßwitz Preis Winners". www.locusmag.com. Archived from the original on 6 August 2017. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  44. ^ "2017 Premio Ignotus Winners". Locus Online. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 21 November 2017.
  45. ^ Publications, Locus (5 June 2017). "Locus Online News » Grand Prix de l'Imaginaire 2017 Winners". www.locusmag.com. Archived from the original on 6 August 2017. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  46. ^ "2017 Locus Awards Winners". Locus Online. 24 June 2017. Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  47. ^ "2017 Dragon Awards Winners". Locus Online. 5 September 2017. Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  48. ^ "Chinese sci-fi writer Liu Cixin wins Arthur C. Clarke award". www.ecns.cn.
  49. ^ locusmag (29 July 2019). "2019 Seiun Awards Winners". Locus Online. Retrieved 19 February 2022.

External linksEdit

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