Summary
The Maoist Communist Party of Turkey (Turkish: Maoist Komünist Partisi abbreviated as MKP) is a Marxist–Leninist–Maoist insurgent organization in Turkey. It is the most significant of the Maoist organisations in Turkey; it upholds the legacy of İbrahim Kaypakkaya. It maintains two armed wings: the People's Partisan Forces (Turkish: Partizan Halk Güçleri or PHG) and People's Liberation Army (Turkish: Halk Kurtuluş Ordusu or HKO).[2] MKP was a part of Revolutionary Internationalist Movement and participated in the Conference of Communist and Workers' Parties of the Balkans.[3]
Maoist Communist Party Maoist Komünist Partisi | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Abbreviation | MKP |
| Founder | Cüneyt Kahraman as TKP (M-L) Cafer Cangöz as MKP |
| Founded | 18 April 1994 as TKP(M-L) 15 September 2002 as MKP |
| Split from | TKP/ML |
| Youth wing | Maoist Youth Union |
| Women's wing | Maoist Women's Union |
| Armed wing | People's Liberation Army People's Partisan Forces |
| Ideology | Communism Marxism–Leninism–Maoism |
| Political position | Far-left |
| National affiliation | HBDH[1] |
| European affiliation | Conference of Communist and Workers' Parties of the Balkans |
| International affiliation | RIM (inactive) IFB |
| Party flag | |
 | |
| Website | |
| mkp-bim | |
History edit
MKP emerged in 1987 as TKP/ML - Eastern Anatolia Regional Committee (Doğu Anadolu Bölge Komitesi in Turkish, abbreviated as DABK) and broke away from the declining TKP/ML organisation. In 1993 it reunified with TKP/ML, but this proved unsuccessful; it broke away again in 1994 to become the Communist Party of Turkey (Marxist–Leninist) [abbreviated as TKP(ML) - not to be confused with TKP/ML]. After an increasing ideological divide between the TKP/ML and the Revolutionary Internationalist Movement, the Committee of RIM (CoRIM) eventually ejected the ideologically stagnant TKP/ML. In 2003 TKP (ML) morphed into the Maoist Communist Party (MKP). MKP became a member of RIM and over the years gained influence becoming the most significant Maoist organisation in Turkey. MKP is determined to carry out a "People's War"[This quote needs a citation] in Turkey with its armed wing the People's Liberation Army. In 2013 the Party's 3rd congress established the People's Partisan Forces as a second armed wing.
Organisation edit
The party has two armed wings: in rural areas Peoples' Liberation Army (Halk Kurtuluş Ordusu in Turkish, abbreviated as HKO) and in cities People's Partisan Forces (Partizan Halk Güçleri in Turkish, abbreviated as PHG).[4]
Maoist Youth Union (Turkish: Maoist Gençlik Birliği) is the youth organization of MKP.
Maoist Women's Union (Turkish: Maoist Kadınlar Birliği) - is women's organization of MKP.
The party has two periodicals titled Devrimci Demokrasi (Revolutionary Democracy) and Sınıf Teorisi (Theory of the Class).[5]
Federation of Democratic Rights (Turkish: Demokratik Haklar Federasyonu abbreviated as DHF) - is independent mass organization related to MKP.
Recent activity edit
In March 2009, Tamer Bilici, a doctor in service during a 2000 hunger strike in Kandıra F-type prison, was punished[clarification needed] by MKP-HKO for being a public enemy because he was blamed for deaths and permanent disabilities of inmates.[6] In September 2009 MKP-HKO claimed responsibility for the death of a retired colonel, Aytekin İçmez. In June 2015, MKP-PHG killed former colonel Fehmi Altinbilek.[7]
Designation as a terrorist organisation edit
The organisation is listed among the 12 active terrorist organisations in Turkey as of 2007 according to Counter-Terrorism and Operations Department of Directorate General for Security (Turkish police).[8]
Human resources edit
A study carried out by the Counter-Terrorism and Operations Department of Directorate General for Security over a sample of files about people convicted of being terrorists under Turkish laws including 826 militants from the organisation and the three other currently active left-wing organisations (see reference 1) 65% of the members are aged 14 to 25, 16,8% 25 to 30 and 17,5% are older than 30. University graduates make up 20,4% of the members, high school graduates 33,5%, secondary school graduates 14%, primary school graduates 29.9% and illiterates 1,9% (while they have no sampled literate non-graduate members).[9]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ "Peoples' United Revolutionary Movement established for a joint struggle". Firat News Agency. 2016-03-12. Archived from the original on 2016-03-14. Retrieved 2016-03-14.
- ^ "Declaration on the 3rd Congress of the Maoist Communist Party of Turkey – Northern Kurdistan (MKP)". Retrieved 7 March 2015.
- ^ "Balkan Conference". 2012-04-14. Archived from the original on 2012-04-14. Retrieved 2022-09-29.
- ^ "MAOİST KOMÜNİST PARTİSİ-MKP/HKO". YouTube. 13 February 2007. Archived from the original on 2021-12-21. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
- ^ "Leftist Parties of Turkey". broadleft.org. Archived from the original on 30 July 2013. Retrieved 6 October 2015.
- ^ "MKP: F Tipi katillerinden biri cezalandırıldı". Archived from the original on 2014-12-19. Retrieved 2012-08-26.
- ^ Hüseyin TÜCCAR- Erdoğan PAÇİN (2009-09-30). "MKP-HKO emekli albayı öldürdü". Sabah. Retrieved 26 August 2012.
- ^ TÜRKİYE'DE HALEN FAALİYETLERİNE DEVAM EDEN BAŞLICA TERÖR ÖRGÜTLERİ: "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-01-14. Retrieved 2008-08-15.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Zaman. 25.12.2007. "Dikkat: Hangi yasadışı örgüte kimler üye olur?". http://www.iyibilgi.com/haber.php?haber_id=47595 Archived 2016-03-22 at the Wayback Machine
External links edit
- Official website
- Halkin Gunlugu - news portal related to MKP
- First Congress of the Maoist Communist Party of Turkey, Revolutionary Worker #1187
- History of the Communist Movement in Turkey People's March