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Marie Le Compte

Summary

Marie Le Compte was an American journal editor and anarchist who was active during the early 1880s.

Marie Le Compte
NationalityAmerican
OccupationJournalist
Known forAnarchism

Early career edit

Marie Le Compte was of French origin but settled in the United States, where she joined the Socialist movement, speaking and writing for that cause.[1] Le Compte was a friend of John Swinton. She was an editor and a writer for Joseph Patrick McDonnell's New York Labor Standard.[2] According to Paul Avrich she was "an exotic and somewhat mysterious figure" with "a special sympathy for outlaws and tramps." She called herself "Miss Le Compte, Prolétaire".[3]

1881 Anarchist conference edit

Marie Le Compte attended the Anarchist Congress that met in London from 14 July 1881.[4] By this time she was middle-aged.[1] She represented the "Boston Revolutionaries", an obscure group of whom little is known.[3] Other delegates included Peter Kropotkin, Errico Malatesta, Saverio Merlino, Louise Michel and Émile Gautier. While respecting "complete autonomy of local groups" the congress defined propaganda actions that all could follow and agreed that "propaganda by the deed" was the path to social revolution.[4]

The Radical of 23 July 1881 reported that the congress met on 18 July 1881 at the Cleveland Hall, Fitzroy Square, with speeches by Marie Le Compte, "the transatlantic agitator", Louise Michel, and Kropotkin.[5] In addressing the congress Le Compte said that revolutionaries should join labor unions in order to radicalize the members.[6] She supported the idea of having bomb-making manuals published in many languages by local groups.[7] During her visit to England Le Compte and Kropotkin gave talks to the Homerton Social Democratic Club and to the Stratford Radical and Dialectical Club.[8] At the Homerton club her topic was "the situation in America".[9] In October 1881 she gave a talk at Stratford, London, in which she praised pirates.[1]

Later career edit

Benjamin Tucker's Liberty was the first Anarchist paper in the English language to circulate in England. Marie Le Compte may have introduced it during her 1881 visit. She wrote several articles for the paper in 1883 reporting on the trial and imprisonment at Lyon of several anarchists, including Louise Michel, Émile Pouget and Kropotkin.[10] In March 1883 she participated in the Paris bread riot and was wounded in a fight with the police. She fled to Switzerland to avoid being arrested.[11] She settled in Berne where she translated Bakunin's God and the State and Kropotkin's Appeal to the Young.[1]

Marie Le Compte ceased to participate in the movement some time after 1883.[3] Her translation of Kropotkin's An Appeal to the Young was serialized from 5–26 January 1884 in the San Francisco Truth.[12] The first number of The Anarchist published in 1885 in London by Henry Seymour held an announcement of a translation by Le Compte of Mikhail Bakunin's God and the State.[13] The International Publishing Company announced that the profits from God & The State would go to the Red Cross of the Russian Revolutionary Party.[14]

References edit

Citations

  1. ^ a b c d Avrich 1984, p. 56.
  2. ^ Social Anarchism 1990, p. 43.
  3. ^ a b c Messer-Kruse 2012, p. 205.
  4. ^ a b Bantman 2006, p. 965.
  5. ^ Young 2011.
  6. ^ Messer-Kruse 2012, p. 141.
  7. ^ Messer-Kruse 2012, p. 84.
  8. ^ Shpayer 1981, p. 20.
  9. ^ Lincoln 1977, p. 218.
  10. ^ Quail 1978.
  11. ^ Messer-Kruse 2012, p. 83.
  12. ^ Avrich 1990, p. 278.
  13. ^ On Picket Duty 1885, p. 47.
  14. ^ An English anarchist 1885, p. 10.

Sources

  • An English anarchist (1885). The Criminal law amendment act. Retrieved 2013-08-30.
  • Avrich, Paul (1984). The Haymarket Tragedy. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-00600-0. Retrieved 2013-08-30.
  • Avrich, Paul (1990-02-01). Anarchist Portraits. Princeton University Press. p. 278. ISBN 978-0-691-00609-3. Retrieved 2013-08-30.
  • Bantman, Constance (2006). "Internationalism without an International? Cross-Channel Anarchist Networks, 1880-1914". Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire. 84 (84–4): 961–981. doi:10.3406/rbph.2006.5056. Retrieved 2013-08-30.
  • Lincoln, WE (1977). ""New Party" Radicalism and the Founding of the Democratic Federation 1881". Popular Radicalism and the Beginnings of the New Socialist Movement in Britain, 1870-1885 (PDF). Retrieved 2013-08-30.
  • Messer-Kruse, Timothy (2012-07-31). The Haymarket Conspiracy: Transatlantic Anarchist Networks. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-09414-9. Retrieved 2013-08-30.
  • "On Picket Duty". Liberty (Not the Daughter But the Mother of Order). 1885-04-11. p. 47. Retrieved 2013-08-30.
  • Quail, John (1978). "The Anarchist and Freedom ... and Dan Chatterton". The Slow Burning Fuse. London: Paladin Books. Archived from the original on 2009-10-28. Retrieved 2013-08-30.
  • Shpayer, Haia (June 1981). "British Anarchism 1881-1914: Reality and Appearance" (PDF). Retrieved 2013-08-30.
  • Social Anarchism. Atlantic Center for Research and Education. 1990. Retrieved 2013-08-30.
  • Young, Sarah J. (9 January 2011). "Russians in London: Pyotr Kropotkin". Retrieved 2013-08-30.

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