Summary
The Mitscher-class destroyer was an experimental destroyer class of four ships that were built for the United States Navy shortly after World War II. Considerably larger than all previous destroyers, but smaller than their immediate predecessor, the experimental Norfolk, they would have been the first post-war destroyer class had they not been reclassified during construction as destroyer leaders (DL). Commissioned in 1953–1954, two of the class served until 1969, and were scrapped in the 1970s. The other two were converted into guided missile destroyers (DDG), served until 1978, and were sold for scrap by 1980.
 USS John S. McCain underway in early 1960s
| |
| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Name | Mitscher class |
| Builders | |
| Operators |  United States Navy |
| Preceded by | Norfolk class |
| Succeeded by | Forrest Sherman class |
| Built | 1949–1954 |
| In commission | 1953–1978 |
| Completed | 4 |
| Retired | 4 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Destroyer leader |
| Displacement | 3,642 tons standard; 4,855 full load |
| Length | 490 ft (150 m) |
| Beam | 47.5 ft (14.5 m) |
| Draft | 14.7 ft (4.5 m) |
| Propulsion | 2 shaft; geared steam turbines; 4 boilers; 80,000 shp (60,000 kW) |
| Speed | 30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph) |
| Range | 4,500 nmi (8,300 km; 5,200 mi) at 20 kn (37 km/h; 23 mph) |
| Complement |
|
| Armament |
|
Description edit
All four Mitscher-class ships were designed under project SCB 5[1] and ordered 3 August 1948. They were named for admirals of the Second World War. Each ship displaced 3,331 tons light, 3,642 tons standard and 4,855 tons under full load with a length of 494 feet (151 m), a 50-foot (15 m) beam and a 26-foot (8 m) draft.
Beyond that, each ship had a different loadout of propulsion and other systems so as to determine the best course of action for future destroyer design.
The Mitscher class would become the winner in internal Navy debates over competing designs, even as an early concept in 1945. With their development the CL-154 class anti aircraft cruisers would be canceled, and no further Norfolks would be built; in both cases the decisions were made on cost-effectiveness grounds.[2][3]
In the early 1960s, the Mitscher class underwent modernization through a Class Improvement Program (CIP), which included the replacement of the boilers on the first two ships of the class.
DDG conversions edit
The first two ships, Mitscher and John S. McCain, were converted into guided missile destroyers under SCB 241 in the mid-1960s. They were redesignated as DDG-35 and DDG-36, respectively.[4]
Ships in class edit
| Name | Hull no. | Builder | Laid down | Launched | Commissioned | Decommissioned | Fate | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mitscher | DL-2 | Bath Iron Works | 3 October 1949 | 26 January 1952 | 15 May 1953 | 1 June 1978 | Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping, 1 August 1980 | [1] |
| John S. McCain | DL-3 | 24 October 1949 | 12 July 1952 | 12 October 1953 | 29 April 1978 | Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping, 13 December 1979 | [2] | |
| Willis A. Lee | DL-4 | Bethlehem Steel, Fore River Shipyard | 1 November 1949 | 26 January 1952 | 5 October 1954 | 19 December 1969 | Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping, 1 June 1973 | [3] |
| Wilkinson | DL-5 | 1 February 1950 | 23 April 1952 | 29 July 1954 | 19 December 1969 | Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping, 1 June 1975 | [4] |
See also edit
References edit
Notes edit
Sources edit
- Fahey, James C. (1965). The Ships and Aircraft of the United States Fleet, Eighth Edition. Annapolis, Maryland: United States Naval Institute. ISBN 0-87021-637-6.
- Friedman, Norman (1982). U.S. Destroyers: An Illustrated Design History. Annapolis, Maryland: United States Naval Institute. ISBN 0-87021-733-X.
- Friedman, Norman (1984). U.S. Cruisers: An Illustrated Design History. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-718-6. OCLC 10949320.
External links edit
- "DD-927 / DL-2 / DDG-35 Mitscher". GlobalSecurity.org.
- "Mitscher Class". Gyrodyne Helicopter Historical Foundation.