Modus ponendo tollens (MPT;[1] Latin: "mode that denies by affirming")[2] is a valid rule of inference for propositional logic. It is closely related to modus ponens and modus tollendo ponens.
MPT is usually described as having the form:
For example:
As E. J. Lemmon describes it: "Modus ponendo tollens is the principle that, if the negation of a conjunction holds and also one of its conjuncts, then the negation of its other conjunct holds."[3]
In logic notation this can be represented as:
Based on the Sheffer Stroke (alternative denial), "|", the inference can also be formalized in this way:
Step | Proposition | Derivation |
---|---|---|
1 | Given | |
2 | Given | |
3 | De Morgan's laws (1) | |
4 | Double negation (2) | |
5 | Disjunctive syllogism (3,4) |
Modus ponendo tollens can be made stronger by using exclusive disjunction instead of non-conjunction as a premise: