Mount Marshall is located within the High Peaks Wilderness Area of New York's Adirondack Park. It has an elevation between 4,364 feet (1,330 m) and 4,397 feet (1,340 m) and a clean prominence of 493 feet (150 m).^[1] It lies on the Eastern Continental Divide, and drains toward the Hudson River to the south and the Ausable River to the north.^[1] Marshall is part of the MacIntyre Range, and is separated from Iroquois Peak to its northeast by a large valley known as Cold Brook Pass.^[4]

The first recorded ascent of Mount Marshall was made August 13, 1921, by brothers Robert Marshall and George Marshall, along with mountain guide Herbert K. Clark.^[3] The trio completed the ascent as part of a challenge they had devised to climb all peaks over 4,000 feet (1,200 m) in the Adirondacks, which eventually evolved into the list of the 46 Adirondack High Peaks.^[5] Marshall's inclusion on the list soon became a source of confusion due to its name. Surveyor Verplanck Colvin had provided conflicting names for the peaks of the Macintyre Range, and used the names "Mount Clinton" (for Governor DeWitt Clinton) and "Mount Iroquois" interchangeably for the three mountains now known as Boundary Peak, Iroquois Peak, and Mount Marshall. The Marshall brothers believed the southernmost peak was the mountain Colvin intended to name "Iroquois", and Bob Marshall labeled it so in his pamphlet on the high peaks.^[6] After collaboration with the Marshall brothers, Russell M. L. Carson spread the list of high peaks in his 1927 book Peaks and People of the Adirondacks, where he proposed new names for several peaks, including assigning "Iroquois" to the current Iroquois Peak and renaming the southern peak of the Macintyre Range "Herbert Peak" after Herbert Clark.^[7][8] Carson also proposed renaming a mountain in the Dix Range, previously known as "Middle Dix", as "Mount Marshall" after the two brothers.^[9] The unofficial names became popular with hikers, despite opposition from the Marshall brothers,^[7] as well as anti-Semitic members of the Adirondack Mountain Club who did not want the name of the Jewish Marshall family attached to a mountain.^[10] In 1937, the state Board on Geographic Names instead renamed Middle Dix to Hough Peak, after Franklin B. Hough, at the request of the New York State Conservation Department. Bob Marshall went on to become a prominent conservationist and died in 1939. In 1940, a group of Adirondack Forty-Sixers petitioned the state Board on Geographic Names to officially adopt the name Mount Marshall for the southern peak of the Macintyre Range, dropping the name Herbert Peak, as Herbert was still living at the time and would not be eligible for an officially named peak. The petition was successful, and the name Mount Marshall was officially adopted by the state in 1942.^[11]

This did not end the confusion over the mountain's name. The United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN) was unaware of the name change, and in the 1950s, the United States Geological Survey labeled Mount Marshall as Mount Clinton on its topographic maps. The names Clinton, Herbert, and Marshall would remain in common use until December 1972, when the BGN approved the name Mount Marshall, finally standardizing the mountain's name.^[12][2]

There are no marked trails to the summit of Mount Marshall. Two unmarked trails have been designated by Forty-Sixers. The first begins on the Cold Brook Pass near the key col between Marshall and Iroquois, and continues another 0.7 miles (1.1 km) uphill. The second route involves hiking along Herbert Brook, starting at its intersection with the red-blazed trail 121 between the Calamity lean-tos and Lake Colden dam. The brook eventually merges with the first path and reaches the summit after 1.5 miles (2.4 km).^[13]

• List of mountains in New York
• Northeast 111 4,000-footers

Bibliography edit

• Carson, Russell M. L. (1927). Peaks and People of the Adirondacks. Garden City: Doubleday. ISBN 9781404751200.
• Goodwin, Tony, ed. (2021). Adirondack trails. High peaks region (15th ed.). Adirondack Mountain Club. ISBN 9780998637181.
• Hopsicker, Peter M. (2010). "Defying the Restrictions: The Adirondack Mountain Club Answers the "Jewish Question"". New York History. 91 (2): 124–145 – via JSTOR.
• Sasso, John Jr. (2018). "Rise of the Adirondack High Peaks: The Story of the Inception of the Adirondack Forty-Six by Robert Marshall, George Marshall, and Russell M.L. Carson". Adirondack Journal of Environmental Studies. 22 (1): 89–103.
• Terrie, Philip G. (2010) [July–August 1973]. "Mount Marshall: The Strange History of the Names of an Adirondack High Peak". In Brown, Phil (ed.). Bob Marshall in the Adirondacks: Writings of a Pioneering Peak-Bagger, Pond-Hopper, and Wilderness Preservationist. Lost Pond Press. ISBN 9780978925406.

• "Mount Marshall". SummitPost.org.