Summary
Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD) is the municipal corporation that governs 10 out of 11 districts of Delhi, India. The Municipal Corporation of Delhi was replaced by three new bodies, the North Delhi Municipal Corporation, the South Delhi Municipal Corporation and the East Delhi Municipal Corporation in 2012.[1][2] But it was again reunified on 22 May 2022.[3] The MCD is among the largest municipal bodies in the world providing civic services to an estimated population of more than 11 million citizens in the capital city.[4] MCD is one of three municipalities in the National Capital Territory of Delhi, the others being New Delhi Municipal Council, and Delhi Cantonment Board. The municipal corporation covers an area of 1,397.3 km² (539.5 mi²).
Municipal Corporation of Delhi | |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Type | |
Term limits | 5 years |
| History | |
| Established | 1958–2012; 2022 |
| Preceded by | NDMC, SDMC, EDMC (2012–2022) |
| Leadership | |
Vacant | |
Vacant | |
Sh. Gyanesh Bharti, IAS since 22 May 2022 | |
Special Officer | Sh. Ashwani Kumar, IAS since 22 May 2022 |
| Meeting place | |
| MCD Civic Centre | |
| Website | |
Official website  | |
Within it's jurisdiction it covers some of the most densely populated areas in the world. It also has a unique distinction of providing civic services to rural and urban villages, resettlement colonies, regularising unauthorised colonies, and unregularising slum/squatter settlements etc.; all at the same time.
HistoryEdit
MCD came into existence on 7 April 1958 under an Act of Parliament. Prior to that DMC (Delhi Municipal Committee) was the principal civic body of Delhi. Guru Radha Kishan served for the longest consecutive period as a councillor of the MCD (initially Delhi Municipal Committee).[5] The first elected Mayor of Delhi was Pt. Trilok Chand Sharma served as First Mayor of Delhi. Since then, the Municipal Body has always been alive in its constitution and functioning to the growing needs of citizens. The 1993 amendment of the Act brought about fundamental changes in composition, functions, governance and administration of the corporation.
TrifurcationEdit
On 13 January 2012,[6] the Municipal Corporation of Delhi was 'trifurcated', i.e. split into three smaller municipal corporations. The new North Delhi Municipal Corporation and South Delhi Municipal Corporation each contain 104 municipal wards, while the smaller East Delhi Municipal Corporation contains 64 wards.[7][8]
ReunificationEdit
In March 2022, the state Election Commission indefinitely deferred the municipal elections that were scheduled to be held in April 2022.[9] On 22 March, the Union Government approved the Delhi Municipal Corporation (Amendment) Bill to merge the 3 municipal corporations back to a single body.[10] The Lok Sabha passed the Bill on 30 March 2022,[11] while it was passed by the Rajya Sabha on 5 April 2022.[12] The unified Municipal Corporation of Delhi formally came into existence on 22 May 2022 with IAS officers Ashwani Kumar and Gyanesh Bharti taking charge as Special Officer and Commissioner, respectively.[13]
MCD zones listEdit
The entire MCD area is divided into 12 zones:[14]
- Central
- City S.P.
- Civil Line
- Karol Bagh
- Keshavpuram
- Najafgarh
- Narela
- Rohini
- Shahdara North
- Shahdara South
- South
- West
AmendmentEdit
The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments were introduced in 1992 and were meant to facilitate greater decentralization at the rural and urban level respectively. They did so through providing legal status to local assemblies and entrusting them with more functions and greater powers. The inclusion of certain social categories that had historically been marginalized from policy making and implementing structures was fundamental to the project of decentralization. These social categories were the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and women. While the 73rd Amendment applies to the Panchayati Raj system, the 74th Amendment applies to Municipal Corporations, Municipal Councils, and Nagar Panchayats depending on the size of the city. The 74th Amendment states that:
Not less than one–third (including the number of seats reserved for women belonging to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes) of the total number of seats to be filled by direct election in every Municipality shall be reserved for women and such seats may be allotted by rotation to different constituencies in a Municipality.
According to the system of rotation, the existing one-third seats would be de-reserved and another set of one-third seats would be reserved, and so on, in a cyclical manner in every successive election. However, before the 2002 elections, the BJP government then in power in Delhi state managed to freeze rotations, thus maintaining the existing pattern and location of reserved wards for all groups.[15]
DemographicsEdit
As of 2011[update] India census,[4] Delhi Municipal Corporation (U) had a population of 11,007,835. Males constitute 55% of the population and females 45%. Delhi Municipal Corporation (U) has an average literacy rate of 87.6%, higher than the national average of 74.0%: male literacy is 91.44% and, female literacy is 83.20%. In Delhi Municipal Corporation (U), 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Municipal electionsEdit
2022 MCD electionEdit
2022 Delhi Municipal Corporation election will elect the new members of MCD.
2017 MCD electionEdit
In the municipal election of April 2017 North, South and East MCD, with a total of 272 seats, went to polls.[16] Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) won the highest number of seats in each of the three new corporations. After nearly 12 years of running the MCD this was the fourth consecutive victory for the BJP.
The results of the election were counted and declared on 26 April 2017.
| Party | Flag | Symbol | Wards | Change | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bharatiya Janata Party |  |
 |
64 | +5 | |
| Aam Aadmi Party |  |
 |
21 | NA | |
| Indian National Congress |  |
 |
16 | −13 | |
| Others |  |
03 | −13 | ||
| Total | 104 | ||||
| Party | Flag | Symbol | Wards | Change | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bharatiya Janata Party | |
|
70 | +26 | |
| Aam Aadmi Party | |
|
16 | NA | |
| Indian National Congress | |
|
12 | −17 | |
| Others | |
06 | −25 | ||
| Total | 104 | ||||
| Party | Flag | Symbol | Wards | Change | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bharatiya Janata Party | |
|
47 | +12 | |
| Aam Aadmi Party | |
|
12 | NA | |
| Indian National Congress | |
|
03 | −16 | |
| Others | |
02 | −08 | ||
| Total | 64 | ||||
2012 MCD electionEdit
The results of the 2012 elections were:[17]
| Party | Flag | Symbol | Wards | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bharatiya Janata Party | |
 |
59 | |
| Indian National Congress | |
|
29 | |
| Bahujan Samaj Party |  |
 |
07 | |
| Others | |
09 | ||
| Party | Flag | Symbol | Wards | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bharatiya Janata Party | |
|
44 | |
| Indian National Congress | |
|
29 | |
| Bahujan Samaj Party | |
|
05 | |
| Others | |
26 | ||
The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) did not win a majority in South Delhi, so they allied with independent candidates/other parties that had a small proportion of seats to make that number by which it could administer corporation.
| Party | Flag | Symbol | Wards | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bharatiya Janata Party | |
|
35 | |
| Indian National Congress | |
|
19 | |
| Bahujan Samaj Party | |
|
03 | |
| Others | |
07 | ||
See alsoEdit
- List of Mayors of Delhi
ReferencesEdit
- ^ "The Delhi Municipal Corporation (Amendment) Act 2011(Delhi Act 12 of 2011)". delhi.gov.in. Department of Law, Justice & Legislative Affairs. 29 December 2011. Archived from the original on 24 March 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
- ^ "Economic Survey of Delhi 2014 – 2015" (PDF). Government of NCT of Delhi. p. 1. Retrieved 23 March 2017.
- ^ "Municipal Corporation of Delhi". mcdonline.nic.in. Retrieved 25 May 2022.
- ^ a b "Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). censusindia. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 20 October 2011.
- ^ "Delhi in 70 years.", Hindustan Times, 15 August 2017.
- ^ Govt of NCT of Delhi (20 March 2018). Economic Survey of Delhi 2017–18 (PDF) (Report). Govt of NCT of Delhi. Retrieved 12 November 2018.
- ^ "The Delhi Municipal Corporation (Amendment) Act 2011(Delhi Act 12 of 2011)". delhi.gov.in. Department of Law, Justice & Legislative Affairs. 29 December 2011. Archived from the original on 24 March 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
- ^ "Economic Survey of Delhi 2014 – 2015" (PDF). Government of NCT of Delhi. p. 1. Retrieved 23 March 2017.
- ^ "MCD elections preparations on hold, state poll body issues notice". Hindustan Times. 22 April 2022. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
- ^ "Union Cabinet clears Bill to merge three municipal corporations of Delhi". mint. 22 March 2022. Retrieved 23 March 2022.
- ^ "Lok Sabha approves Bill to reunify Delhi's MCDs after 10 years". Hindustan Times. 31 March 2022. Retrieved 21 April 2022.
- ^ "Rajya Sabha passes Delhi Municipal Corporation (Amendment) Bill, 2022". The Hindu. 5 April 2022. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 21 April 2022.
- ^ "Delhi's unified municipal corporation formally comes into existence". Firstpost. 22 May 2022. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
- ^ "Municipal Corporation of Delhi". mcdonline.nic.in. Retrieved 25 May 2022.
- ^ John, Mary E. (2007). "Women in Power? Gender, Caste and the Politics of Local Urban Governance". Economic and Political Weekly. 42 (39): 3986–3993. ISSN 0012-9976. JSTOR 40276476.
- ^ Delhi Municipal Election Results
- ^ "MCD election results 2012: BJP voted back to power". Zee News. 17 April 2012. Retrieved 23 March 2017.
External linksEdit
- Official website of the Municipal Corporation of Delhi
