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The Central Scientific Research Automobile and Automotive Engines Institute, abbreviated as NAMI[a] is a scientific organization in Russia in the field of automotive industry development. The institute was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labour.[2]
The research and development automobile and engine institute was established on 14 March 1920, based on the Scientific Automobile Laboratory (Russian: Научной автомобильной лаборатории (НАЛ)) of Scientific and Technical department of VSNKh, which was established on 16 October 1918. starting at 1924, the institute permitted purchases of foreign automobiles and automobile accessories. The first original automobile, the NAMI 1, was developed in 1927 (the first car of the USSR).
During the 1930s the institute became the leading development department of the Soviet automotive industry. Following that year they developed and produced the first Soviet trolleybuses, and created tractor models and lorry models. For the Red Army half-tracks and armored vehicles had also been actively developed.
From 1931 to 1946 the institute bore the name Automobile and Tractor Research Institution (Russian: Научный автотракторный институт (НАТИ)).
At the beginning of 1946, because the tractor industry was transferred to be under the supervision of the Ministry of Agricultural Machinery, NATI was split in two. The automobile branch was kept under supervision of Ministry of Automobile Industry and was reorganized into Scientific and Research automobile and engine institute (NAMI) (Russian: Научно-исследовательский автомобильный и автомоторный институт (НАМИ)). The tractor division was transferred under the supervision of the Ministry of Agricultural Machinery. This division served as a basis for the Union Tractor Research Institution (NATI) (Russian: Научно-исследовательский тракторный институт (НАТИ)).
Multiple experimental and prototype engines were developed at the institute, many of which served as the basis for the mass production ones. In the 1960s the Institute developed some front-wheel drive and automatic transmissions which weren't put into production until much later, as these were deemed too expensive and complex for the current state of the industry, citing the example of a GAZ-21 automatic transmission, for which the service infrastructure was virtually non-existent.
1963 – NAMI-094 (ET-8) – based on the 1956 FWD Terracruzer
1964 – NAMI-058T
1964 – NAMI-092
1965 – NAMI S-4 – based on UAZ-451
1965 – NAMI S-3M
1965 – NAMI-067 (M10), hovercraft
1965 – NAMI-072
1965 – NAMI-0100
1965 – NAMI-0103
1965 – NAMI-0105
1965 – NAMI-0106
1965 – NAMI-0112
1966 – NAMI-032SK, hovercraft
1966 – NAMI-058S-862
1966 – NAMI-0107 "Vasilyok" (Cornflower)
1966 – NAMI-0127
1966 – NAMI-0143-SKhZ
1967 – NAMI-0107B
1968 – NAMI-072C
1968 – NAMI-0114
1968 – NAMI-0132
1968 – NAMI-0137 – based on the ZAZ-966
1968 – NAMI-0169
1968 – NAMI-MeMZ-0127
1969 – NAMI-0162 – transferred to IzhAuto and continued as the Izh-5 (Izh-4x4)
1970 – NAMI-0145
1971 – NAMI-0129
1971 – NAMI-0173 – front-drive version of GAZ-24 Volga
1971 – NAMI-0157BK
1973 – NAMI-0159 – based on the LAZ-696
1976 – NAMI-0196
1977 – NAMI-0157M – prototype for Ural-5920
1977 – NAMI-UAZ-469B
1981 – NAMI-0231 – prototype for VAZ-1111
1984 – NAMI-0188
1984 – NAMI-0266
1985 – NAMI-0267
1985 – NAMI-3305
1987 – NAMI-0284 "Debyut" (Debut); first concept car developed during perestroika
1987 – NAMI-0286 "Tayfun" (Typhoon)
1988 – NAMI-0342 "Kuzya"
1988–1989 – NAMI-LuAZ-Proto
1988–1991 – NAMI-0290 "Apel'sin" (Orange) – based on ZAZ-1102
1989 – NAMI-0281
1989 – NAMI-0295 "Rus'"
1990 – NAMI-0284 "Debyut-2"
1990 – NAMI-0288 "Kompakt"
1990 – NAMI-Kompakt-2
1991 – NAMI-0300 "Apel'sin-2"
1992 – NAMI "Oda" Concept
1992 – Ekstremist
1992–2000 – NAMI-1819 "Umka"
1994 – NAMI-2160 "Kentavr"
1994 – NAMI "Retro"
1995 – NAMI-GAZ "Volga-Prestige"
1997–1999 – NAMI "Grenader"
1998 – NAMI-UAZ-469 "Huntsman"
1999 – NAMI "Tachanka"
2006 – NAMI-1337
2006 – NAMI-2339
2006 – NAMI-GAZ "Valdai"
2011 – NAMI-3333
2016 – NAMI "Shatl" (Shuttle)
Notesedit
^Russian: Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Центра́льный нау́чно-иссле́довательский автомоби́льный и автомото́рный институ́т, romanized: Federal'noye gosudarstvennoye unitarnoye predpriyatiye "Tsentrál'nyy naúchno-isslédovatel'skiy avtomobíl'nyy i avtomotórnyy institút "НАМИ" (ГНЦ РФ ФГУП "НАМИ"
Referencesedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to NAMI.
^ abcdeError: Unable to display the reference properly. See the documentation for details.
^"ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ НАУЧНЫЙ ЦЕНТР РФ ФГУП «НАМИ»". iasf.nami.ru. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
^Прохоров продал права на «Ё-мобиль» за 1 евро Archived 12 April 2014 at the Wayback Machine
^Thompson, Mark (16 May 2022). "Renault sells Soviet-era icon Lada as it exits Russia, for now". Autocar. Retrieved 17 May 2022.