The names and titles of Muhammad,[1]names and attributes of Muhammad[2], Names of Muhammad (Arabic: أسماء النبي, romanized: Asmā’u n-Nabiyy) are the names of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and used by Muslims, where 88 of them are commonly known, but also countless names which are found mainly in the Quran and hadith literature. The Quran addresses Muhammad in the second person by various appellations; prophet, messenger, servant (abd) of God.
Namesedit
Muhammadedit
The name Muhammad (/mʊˈhæməd,-ˈhɑːməd/)[3] means "praiseworthy" and appears four times in the Quran.[4][5][6][7][8] Chapter Surah 47 of the Quran is "Muhammad".[9] The name Abū al-Qāsim Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim,[10] begins with the kunya[11] Abū, or, father of.[12]
The Quran also refers to Muhammad as Ahmad, "more praiseworthy" (Arabic: أحمد).[13][14] The penultimate prophet in Islam, Isa ibn Maryam also refers Muhammad as Ahmad in the Sura As-Saff.[15]
Muhammad is also referred to as Hamid, or "Praiser (of God)" (Arabic: حامد), and as Mahmud, or "Most Highly Praised" (Arabic: محمود).[1]
Titlesedit
Muhammad is often referenced with these titles or epithets:
Akhir, 'The Final, that is, the final prophet,[45] "Last Messenger"[46]
Muhammad is sometimes addressed by designations deriving from his state at the time of the address: thus he is referred to as the enwrapped (Al-Muzzammil) in Quran 73:1 and the shrouded (al-muddaththir) in Quran 74:1.[47]
In Iran, Central Asia and South Asia, Turkey and the Balkans, he is often called Hadrat (His Presence or His Holiness) Arabic: حضرت, romanized: ḥadhrat) or Messenger (Persian: پيغمبر, romanized: peygamber).[48]
Islamic scholars strongly emphasize the need for Muslims to follow the name of Muhammad, whether spoken or written, with the honorific phrase "peace be upon him", often abbreviated to PBUH or SAW, from Arabic: صلى الله عليه وسلم, romanized: sallallahu alayhe wasallam or written ﷺ.
^ abFaqir (January 20, 2012). "Names and Titles of Prophet Muhammad". Journey of a Seeker Of Sacred Knowledge. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
^Yeniterzi, Emine (June 13, 2013). "The Names and Attributes of Prophet Muhammad in Divine Literature". Last Prophet. Archived from the original on Jan 17, 2014. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
^"Muhammad". Dictionary.com. Archived from the original on Dec 30, 2015.
^Quran 3:144Muhammad is only a messenger: many Were the messenger that passed away before him.
^Quran 33:40Muhammad is not the father of any of your men, but (he is) the Messenger of God, and the Seal of the Prophets: and God has full knowledge of all things.
^Quran 47:2But those who believe and work deeds of righteousness, and believe in the (Revelation) sent down to Muhammad – for it is the Truth from their Lord, – He will remove from them their ills and improve their condition.
^Quran 48:29Muhammad is the messenger of God; and those who are with him are strong against disbelievers, (but) compassionate amongst each other.
^Goitein, S.D. (1967) – A Mediterranean Society: The Jewish Communities of the Arab World as Portrayed in the Documents of the Cairo Geniza, Volume 1 Archived 22 January 2018 at the Wayback Machine p. 357. University of California PressISBN 0-520-22158-3 Retrieved 17 February 2017
^Quran 61:6 And remember, Jesus, the son of Mary, said: "O Children of Israel! I am the messenger of God (sent) to you, confirming the Law (which came) before me, and giving Glad Tidings of a Messenger to come after me, whose name shall be Ahmad.".
^Schimmel, Annemarie (1990). Islamic Names: An Introduction (Islamic Surveys). Edinburgh University Press. p. 30. ISBN 978-0-85224-563-7.
Further readingedit
Chiabotti, Francesco, Names, in Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God (2 vols.), Edited by C. Fitzpatrick and A. Walker, Santa Barbara, ABC-CLIO, 2014. ISBN 1610691776