Summary
Namhae of Silla (?–24, r. 4–24 CE) was the second King of Silla, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He is commonly called Namhae Chachaung, chachaung being an early Silla title.
| Namhae 남해 南解 | |
|---|---|
| Chachaung of Silla | |
| Reign | 4–24 |
| Predecessor | Hyeokgeose |
| Successor | Yuri |
| Spouse | Lady Unje |
| Dynasty | Silla Dynasty |
| Father | Hyeokgeose |
| Mother | Lady Aryeong |
| Namhae of Silla | |
| Hangul | 남해 차차웅 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | 南解 次次雄 |
| Revised Romanization | Namhae Chachaung |
| McCune–Reischauer | Namhae Ch'ach'aung |
Namhae is the only king who is called Chachaung. According to the Samguk Sagi, Kim Dae-Mun explained that the title "Chachaung" meant a shaman in Old Korean.
Background edit
He was the eldest son of Park Hyeokgeose, Silla's founder, and Lady Aryeong. His surname was Park, and his wife was Lady Unje (운제; 雲帝). Alternatively, the Suseo (隋書), a Chinese history book compiled during the reign of Taizong of Tang, suggests that Namhae actually originated from Baekje.[1] Historians theorize that Namhae was a Baekje priest who either was expelled from Baekje and settled in Silla. The Samguk Yusa records that Namhae violently usurped King Hyeokgeose by killing him, thus becoming the second king of Silla.[2]
Reign edit
His reign was characterized by a series of foreign invasions. In 4, the Lelang army surrounded Geumseong, the Sillan capital, but was repelled.[3]
In 8, when the Namhae of Silla heard that Talhae was benevolent, he married his eldest daughter to him.[4]
The Wa of Japan invaded Silla in 14, and while Silla stopped them, Lelang invaded again. A comet shower was said to have scared the Lelang soldiers, however, and they retreated. [note 1][5]
The Bukmyeong(北溟) people plowed the fields and got Royal Seal of Ye (예왕지인; 濊王之印), previously used by Buyeo's kings, and dedicated it to Silla in 19. It is not clear where Bukmyeong means.[6][7]
He was buried in Sareung-won.
Family edit
Parents
- Father: Hyeokgeose
- Grandmother: Lady Saso
- Mother: Lady Aryeong (알영부인)
- Grandmother: Lady Saso
- Younger sister: Lady Aro
Consort and their respective issue:
- Lady Unje (운제부인)
- Son: Ilji Galmulwang (일지 갈문왕)
- Son: Yuri of Silla (?–57, r. 24–57), formally known as Yuri Isageum was the third king of Silla
- Son: Unknown name
- Daughter: Queen Ahyo (아효부인 박씨)–became the wife of Talhae of Silla
Family tree edit
| N/A | 사소부인 Saso | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 혁거세 거서간 Hyeokgeose | 알영부인 Aryeong | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 남해 차차웅 Namhae | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In popular culture edit
- Portrayed by Kwon Sung-duk in 2010 MBC TV series Kim Su-ro, The Iron King.
See also edit
References edit
- The Academy of Korean Studies
- Korea Britannica
References edit
- ^ 박, 찬우 (September 17, 2019). "초기신라의 대혼란, 남해왕 반란의 수수께끼". The Korea History Times. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
- ^ 정, 재수 (August 20, 2021). "백제인 출신 신라 2대왕 남해왕". Sky Daily. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
- ^ 三國史記 新羅本紀 南解 次次雄 元年 秋七月 樂浪兵至圍金城數重 王謂左右曰 二聖棄國 孤以國人推戴 謬居於位 危懼若涉川水 今隣國來侵 是孤之不德也 爲之若何 左右對曰 賊幸我有喪 妄以兵來 天必不祐 不足畏也 賊俄而退歸
- ^ 三國史記 新羅本紀 南解 次次雄 五年 春正月 王聞脫解之賢 以長女妻之
- ^ There is controversy about interpreting '夜有流星 墜於賊營' as 'meteor fell into the enemy's camp'.
- ^ 三國史記 新羅本紀 南解 次次雄 > 十六年春二月 北溟人耕田 得濊王印 獻之
- ^ 三國志魏書 東夷傳 夫餘 > 其印文言「濊王之印」, 國有故城名濊城, 蓋本濊貊之地,而夫餘王其中, 自謂「亡人」, 抑有似也
Notes edit
- ^ 三國史記 新羅本紀 南解 次次雄 十一年 倭人遣兵船百餘艘 掠海邊民戶 發六部勁兵 以禦之 樂浪謂內虛 來攻金城 甚急 夜有流星 墜於賊營 衆懼而退 屯於閼川之上 造石堆二十而去 六部兵一千人追之 自吐含山東 至閼川 見石堆 知賊衆 乃止: In 14, the Wa people sent about 100 warships to plunder houses on the beach, so they sent soldiers to defend them. The situation was in an emergency when Nakrang regarded it as an opportunity and attacked the capital(Geumseong). At night, when the meteor fell into the enemy's camp, the enemy soldier retreated in fear. While stationed on the side of Alcheon Stream, they piled up 20 piles of stones and retreated. 1,000 soldiers chased them, and when they reached Alcheon river from the east of Mt.Toham(吐含山), they saw this pile of stones and thought there were many enemy groups, so they stopped chasing.