Summary
Nandivarman III was an Indian monarch of the Nandivarman II line who ruled the Pallava kingdom from 846 to 869.[1] He was the son of Dantivarman and the grandson of Nandivarman II.[2]
| Nandivarman III | |
|---|---|
| Pallava Ruler | |
| Reign | c. 846 – c. 869 CE |
| Predecessor | Dantivarman |
| Successor | Nriputungavarman (in the south) Kampavarman (in the north) |
| Spouse | Shankha Kandan Marampavaiyar |
| Issue | Nrpatungavarman, Kampavarman |
| Dynasty | Pallava |
| Father | Dantivarman |
| Mother | Aggalanimati |
| Pallava Monarchs (200s–800s CE) | |
|---|---|
| Virakurcha | (??–??) |
| Vishnugopa I | (??–??) |
| Vishnugopa II | (??–??) |
| Simhavarman III | (??–??) |
| Simhavishnu | 575–600 |
| Mahendravarman I | 600–630 |
| Narasimhavarman I | 630–668 |
| Mahendravarman II | 668–670 |
| Paramesvaravarman I | 670–695 |
| Narasimhavarman II | 695–728 |
| Paramesvaravarman II | 728–731 |
| Nandivarman II | 731–795 |
| Dantivarman | 795–846 |
| Nandivarman III | 846–869 |
| Nrpatungavarman | 869–880 |
| Aparajitavarman | 880–897 |
Reign edit
Nandivarman III was born to the Pallava king Dantivarman and a Kadamba princess named Aggalanimati.[3] His guru (teacher) was the well-known Digambara Jain monk Jinasena.[4] He tried to reverse the decline that began in the reign of his father Dantivarman. Nandivarman III made an alliance with the Rashtrakutas and the Gangas to form a confederacy against the Pandyas. He defeated the Pandyas at the Battle of Tellaru in 830.[5][6] He then pursued the retreating Pandyan army as far as the Vaigai river. The Pandyan king Srimara Srivallabha, however, recovered most of his territories and even defeated the Pallavas at Kumbakonam.[7][8][9]
Nandivarman had a powerful navy and maintained trade contacts with Siam and Malaya. He possibly conquered territory in Southeast Asia as he constructed a Vishnu temple at Siam which was placed under the protection of the Manigramam merchant guild.[10][1] He was a great patron of arts and literature.[3] The Bharatam was translated into Tamil by Perundevanar under his patronage. The Nandikkalambakam was composed by a poet in praise of Nandivarman III.[11][12][6] His reign saw the construction of the Vishnu temple at Kiliyanur and the Shiva temple at Thirukattupalli.
Nandivarman III married a Rashtrakuta princess named Shankha, who was likely the daughter of Amoghavarsha I, the Rashtrakuta emperor. He had a son named Nripatunga from Shankha, who succeeded him as king.[13][14] His second wife was a Paluvettaraiyar princess named Kandan Marampavaiyar, through which he had his second son named Kampavarman. Before his death, Nandivarman III divided his kingdom between his two sons- Nriputungavarman ruling in the south and Kampavarman ruling in the north.[4]
References edit
- ^ a b Coedès, George (1968). Walter F. Vella (ed.). The Indianized States of Southeast Asia. trans.Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press. p. 107. ISBN 978-0-8248-0368-1.
- ^ Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. pp. 41–42. ISBN 978-9-38060-734-4.
- ^ a b Sen, Sailendra Nath (1999). Ancient Indian History and Civilization. New Age International. ISBN 978-81-224-1198-0.
- ^ a b Hudson, D. Dennis (25 September 2008). The Body of God: An Emperor's Palace for Krishna in Eighth-Century Kanchipuram. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-045140-0.
- ^ Jaques, Tony (2007). Dictionary of Battles and Sieges. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 1005. ISBN 978-0-313-33539-6.
- ^ a b University, Vijaya Ramaswamy, Jawaharlal Nehru (25 August 2017). Historical Dictionary of the Tamils. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-5381-0686-0.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Sastri, K.A. Nilakanta (1976). A History of South India from Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-560686-7.
- ^ Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta. (1929) The Pandyan Kingdom. London, Luzac and Company. 74–76.
- ^ The Pandyan Kingdom. London: Luzac and Company. 1929. pp. 74–76.
- ^ Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta (1949). "Takuapa and its Tamil Inscription". Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. 1 (147): 25–30. JSTOR 41560492.
- ^ Division, Publications. THE GAZETTEER OF INDIA Volume 2. Publications Division Ministry of Information & Broadcasting. ISBN 978-81-230-2265-9.
- ^ S, Suja (30 January 2021). "Nandhi Kalambagam's Agam Songs and its Rhetoric". International Research Journal of Tamil. 3: 247–254. doi:10.34256/irjt21127.
- ^ Indian History. Allied Publishers. ISBN 978-81-8424-568-4.
- ^ Patro, Kartikeswar (10 May 2021). Ancient Indian History. BFC Publications. ISBN 978-93-91031-86-2.