Summary
Octahydrotriborate is the boron hydride anion B3H8−. It forms a variety of salts that are colorless and air-stable. The tetrabutylammonium salt is soluble in organic solvents such as acetonitrile and methylene chloride. The anion is an intermediate is the synthesis of various higher boron hydrides, such as pentaborane(9). B3H8− can be viewed as the conjugate base of triborane B3H9.
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3D model (JSmol)
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| B3H8− | |||
| Molar mass | 40.49 g·mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | colorless | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references
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Preparation edit
Octahydrotriborate is prepared by partial oxidation of borohydride with iodine or boron trifluoride:[2]
- 3 BH4− + I2 → B3H8− + 2 H2 + 2 I−
- 5 BH4− + 4 BF3O(C2H5)2 → 2 B3H8− + 2 H2 + 4 O(C2H5)2 + 3 BF4−
Structure and reactions edit
As shown by X-ray crystallography of various salts, B3H8− consists of a distorted triangle of three BH2 vertices. Two edges of the triangle are occupied by bridging hydrides.[3]
It is converted to the bromide B3H7Br− using HBr (illustrating its hydridic character):
- B3H8− + HBr → B3H7Br− + H2
Pyrolysis of this bromide gives pentaborane(9).[4]
- 5 B3H7Br− → 3 B5H9 + 5 Br− + 4 H2
Also consistent with its basicity, B3H8_ functions as a bidentate ligand in a variety of coordination complexes, e.g. Cr(B3H8)2.[5]
References edit
- ^ Macintyre, Jane E. (1993-07-15). Dictionary of Inorganic Compounds, Supplement 1. CRC Press. p. 366. ISBN 978-0-412-49090-3.
- ^ Ryschlewitsch, G. E.; Nainan, K. C. (1974). Octahydrotriborate (1-) ([B3 H8 ]) salts. Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 15. pp. 111–118. doi:10.1002/9780470132463.ch25. ISBN 9780470132463.
- ^ Dunbar, Andrew C.; Macor, Joseph A.; Girolami, Gregory S. (2014). "Synthesis and Single Crystal Structure of Sodium Octahydrotriborate, NaB3H8". Inorganic Chemistry. 53 (2): 822–826. doi:10.1021/ic402127x. PMID 24380447.
- ^ Miller, V. R.; Ryschkewitsch, G. E. (1974). Pentaborane(9) (B5H9). Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 15. pp. 118–122. doi:10.1002/9780470132463.ch26. ISBN 9780470132463.
- ^ Goedde, Dean M.; Girolami, Gregory S. (2004). "A New Class of CVD Precursors to Metal Borides: Cr(B3H8)2 and Related Octahydrotriborate Complexes". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 126 (39): 12230–12231. doi:10.1021/ja046906c. PMID 15453732.