Summary
Operation Karbala 3 (Persian: عملیات کربلای 3), also known as the Battle of Al-Ummiyah,[1][2] was an operation during Iran–Iraq War, which was launched by Iran[3] from 30 August to 2 September 1986 with the operation code of "Hasbonallah wa Ne'mal Wakil (Persian/Arabic: حسبنا الله و نعم الوکیل)".[4]
| Operation Karbala-3 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Iran–Iraq War | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Iran |
 Iraq | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 2,000 men | Unknown | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| 25 boats, heavy casualties | Unknown | ||||||
The main impetus of the operation was to capture and destroy two Iraq docks (Al-Umayyah and Al-Bakr).[5][6] Alongside the main goal, there were other goals, too; amongst:[7]
Operation edit
The Iranians began the offensive on 30 August by attacking two Iraqi terminals with a large force of about 2,000 men from the Naval Revolutionary Guards in light boats armed with machine guns, rockets and mortars. The Iranians managed to take partial control of the Al-'Amiq installations and hold them for 24 hours.[8]
The Iraqis launched a counterattack involving naval infantry, special forces and naval forces on 2 September which destroyed 25 Iranian boats, killed several Iranian soldiers and captured many more. One of the Iraqi shore-to-sea missile regiments fired missiles at the Iranian forces at al-'Amiq, forcing them to retreat from the port.[9][8]
Iraq regained control and defeated an Iranian attempt to occupy the two ports and the northern gulf's naval battle arena. The Iraqi counterattack was highly successful due to the excellent coordination among the missile boats, artillery, missile units, helicopters, planes and port defense forces.[8]
Iran attempted two additional attacks on al-'Amiq on the nights of 4–5 September and 21–22 November, however both were defeated by the Iraqi defense forces supported by air force planes.[8]
Claims by Iranian newspapers edit
Iranian newspapers claimed that the fulfillment of "operation WalFajr-8"[10][11] by destruction of the most significant naval base of Iraq, aborting its access through the north of Persian Gulf; making a safe naval area for shipping; and performing a naval operation and indicating a powerful presentation of Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps naval forces in Persian Gulf.[7]
Iranian newspapers claimed that as a result of operation Karbala-3, Iranian forces captured more than 100 Iraqi combatants, and 63 Iraqi forces were killed. Meanwhile, Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps of Iran annihilated 2 Iraqi fighter planes, a frigate, 15 anti-aircraft guns and 2 radar devices, plus obtaining 4 Iraqi radar devices.[7] The operation finally finished after two days battle between Iran and Iraq.[12]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ "Operation Karbala-3". farsnews.com. Retrieved 28 September 2019.
- ^ "Battle of Al-Ummiyah, reflex of "Operation Karbala-3"". seraj24.ir. Retrieved 28 September 2019.
- ^ Operation Karbala-3 tebyan.net Retrieved 28 September 2019
- ^ Reviewing operation Karbala 3 defapress.ir Reviewed 23 September 2019
- ^ "Destruction of the platforms of "Al-Bakr and Al-Amiyah", The Legacy of Karbala-3 Operation". yjc.ir. Retrieved 28 September 2019.
- ^ The commencement of "operation Karbala-3" irdc.ir Retrieved 28 September 2019
- ^ a b c "Karbala-3 Operation". aviny.com. Retrieved 28 September 2019.
- ^ a b c d Malovany, Pesach (2017-07-21). Wars of Modern Babylon: A History of the Iraqi Army from 1921 to 2003. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 978-0-8131-6945-3.
- ^ Farrokh, Kaveh (2011-12-20). Iran at War: 1500-1988. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 389. ISBN 978-1-78096-240-5.
- ^ Readout of Operation Karbala-3 police.ir Retrieved 28 September 2019
- ^ "Karbala-3 (Operation)". defamoghaddas.ir. Retrieved 28 September 2019.
- ^ "Amaliay (operation) Karbala-3". aviny.com. Retrieved 28 September 2019.
External links edit
- Simulation of Operation Karbala-3