• Foxconn is one example of an ODM, which helps upstream manufacturers such as Dell, Lenovo to manufacture laptops. It has also manufactured products for Apple, Nintendo, Sony, Microsoft, and many other companies.
• ZOTAC, a Hong Kong graphics card manufacturer that has its own factories, designs and manufactures some special Nvidia graphics cards, and then rebrands and provides them to companies like Lenovo.

Original design manufacturers create their own intellectual property and are very proactive in patenting it. Most of their patents are filed in the US, China, and Taiwan.

• Electronics manufacturing services
• Original equipment manufacturer
• Contract manufacturer