Ōshiro (Oshiro or Ooshiro) is the transliteration of several Japanese and Okinawan surnames. One of the names, 大城, means "big castle".

People with the name include:

• Gakuto Oshiro (大城 ガクト) (born 1973), Okinawan singer-songwriter and actor, commonly known as Gackt
• Kaz Oshiro (born 1967), Okinawa born artist based in Los Angeles
• Kūron Oshiro (尾城 九龍, born 1961) Japanese musical composer and arranger
• Matsumi Ōshiro (大城 松美, fl. 1980–1990), Japanese voice actress born in Tokyo
• Misaki Oshiro (大城 みさき; born 1984), Okinawan weightlifter
• Miwa Oshiro (大城 美和, born 1983), Japanese gravure idol, model and actress born to Okinawan father
• Nick Oshiro (born 1978), Japanese-American musician, drummer of the industrial metal band Static-X
• Tatsuhiro Oshiro (大城 立裕, born 1925), Okinawan novelist and playwright
• Toshihiro Oshiro (大城 利弘; born 1949), Okinawan martial artist
• Vanesa Oshiro (大城 バネサ; born 1981), Nikkei enka singer born in Argentina
• Yuto Oshiro (大城 佑斗, born 1996), Japanese footballer for Nagano Parceiro