Outline_of_production Knowpia

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to production:

Production – act of creating 'use' value or 'utility' that can satisfy a want or need.^[1] The act may or may not include factors of production other than labor. Any effort directed toward the realization of a desired product or service is a "productive" effort and the performance of such act is production.

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to production:

Types

Industry – production of an economic good or service within an economy.^[2] Industry is divided into four sectors, or types of production; they are:

Primary sector

Primary sector – this involves the extraction of resources directly from the Earth, this includes agricultural and resource extraction industries. In these industries, the product (that is, the focus of production) is a natural resource.
- Agriculture (outline) – cultivation of animals, plants, fungi, and other life forms for food, fiber, and other products used to sustain life.^[3]
  - Animal husbandry – agricultural practice of breeding and raising livestock.
  - Farming – cultivating land for the purpose of agricultural production.
  - Aquaculture – the farming of fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic plants, algae, and other aquatic organisms.
  - Forestry (outline) – creating, managing, using, and conserving forests and associated resources in a sustainable manner to meet desired goals, needs, and values for human benefit.^[4]
- Resource extraction –
  - Fishing – activity of catching or harvesting fish and other aquatic animals such as molluscs, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.
  - Logging – harvesting timber, including cutting, skidding, on-site processing, and loading trees or logs onto trucks or skeleton cars.
  - Mining (outline) – extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, from an ore body, vein or (coal) seam.
  - Extraction of petroleum – process by which usable petroleum (oil) is extracted and removed from the earth.
  - Extraction of natural gas – Natural gas is commercially extracted from oil fields and natural gas fields.
  - Water industry – provides drinking water to residential, commercial, and industrial sectors of the economy.

Secondary sector

Secondary sector – involves the processing of raw materials from primary industries, and includes the industries that produce a finished, tangible product.
- Construction – process that consists of the building or assembling of infrastructure, including buildings, roads, dams, etc.
- Manufacturing – process which involves tools and labor to produce goods for use or sale. Ranges from handicraft to high tech industrial production.

Tertiary sector

Tertiary sector – This group is involved in the provision of services. They include teachers, managers and other service providers.

Quaternary sector

Quaternary sector – the part of the economy that produces knowledge-based services.^[5]^[6]
- Information industry –
  - Information generation and sharing –
  - Information technology –
- Consulting services –
- Education –
- Research and development –
- Financial planning services –

Goals

Productivity

Productivity

History

Theories of production

Economics

Manufacturing

Product engineering

Product engineering

Product design

Production technology

Industrial robot
Computer-aided manufacturing
Computer Integrated Manufacturing
Production equipment control
Computer numerically controlled
Distributed Control System
Fieldbus control system
PLCs / PLD
Advanced Planning & Scheduling
Scheduling (production processes)
SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition
computerized maintenance management system (CMMS)
Packaging and labeling

Machinery

Machinery
- Production line
- Assembly line
- Conveyor belt
- Woodworking machinery
- Metalworking machinery
- Textile machinery
- Equipment manufacturer

Machine set-up

Changeover
Single-Minute Exchange of Die (SMED)
Sequence-dependent setup (mathematical)

Lot size and run length

Service provision

Logistics

Logistics
- Supply chain
- Supply chain management
- Procurement or purchasing
- Inventory

Process improvement

Systems analysis
- Process modeling
- Process optimization
Quality
Certification Processes and Awards
- ISO 9000
- Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (US)
- Canada Awards for Excellence (National Quality Institute) (Canada)
- Deming Prize (Japan)
- Joseph M. Juran Medal (US)
- Japan Quality Control Medal (Japan)

References

^ Kotler, P., Armstrong, G., Brown, L., and Adam, S. (2006) Marketing, 7th Ed. Pearson Education Australia/Prentice Hall.
^ "Industry Definition & Meaning".
^ International Labour Office (1999). Safety and health in agriculture. International Labour Organization. pp. 77–. ISBN 978-92-2-111517-5. Retrieved 13 September 2010.
^ "Forestry." SAF Dictionary of Forestry. The Society of American Foresters, 1998. Helms, John A. <"SAFnet Dictionary | Definition for [forestry]". Archived from the original on 2013-10-19. Retrieved 2014-03-15.>
^ Tor Selstad (1990). "The rise of the quaternary sector. The regional dimension of knowledge-based services in Norway, 1970-1985". informaworld. ... knowledge-based services ...
^ Peter Busch (1967). "Tacit Knowledge in Organizational Learning". Tacit Knowledge in Organizational Learning. ISBN 9781599045030. Retrieved 2010-06-17. see page .. The quaternary sector of industry is the sector of industry that involves the intellectual services. That is research, development, and information.

External links

Productivity

Productivity and Costs – Bureau of Labor Statistics United States Department of Labor: contains international comparisons of productivity rates, historical and present
Productivity Statistics - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Greenspan Speech
OECD estimates of labour productivity levels
Productivity Enhancement Through Business Automation
Productivity Science - source for personal and business productivity information
Productivity Assessment Framework from Zinnov LLC