Summary
Para tertiary butylphenol formaldehyde resin also known as p-tert-butylphenol-formaldehyde resin (PTBP-FR) or 4-(1,1-dimethylethyl) phenol (PTBP Formaldehyde) is a phenol-formaldehyde resin found in commercial adhesives, and in particular in adhesives used to bond leather and rubber. It has broad usage in a large variety of industries and can be found in many household items and textile products, and in particular it is used in the manufacture of shoes.[1][2]
Ingredients and manufacture edit
The main ingredients of any Phenol formaldehyde resin is a phenol or substituted phenol and formaldehyde. The two main components of Para tertiary butylphenol formaldehyde resin are thus Para tertiary butyl phenol and formaldehyde.[3] There have been a number of patents on their production.[4][5]
Contact Dermatitis edit
It is noteworthy because this resin can cause severe allergic contact dermatitis in a significant percentage of individuals who come into contact with the resin. Most cases of dermatitis result from contact with shoes, watchbands, belts, wet suits, handbags, purses, wallets, hats, fabric glues, furniture and upholstery glues, wood glues, waterproof glues, rubber handled tools, dental bonding resins, box adhesives, disposable diapers, lip liner, and rubber athletic insoles. Use of PTBP-FR in manufacturing is ubiquitous across numerous industries and commercial products, but most commonly its usage in the manufacture of shoes is implicated in the majority of cases involving contact dermatitis.[6][7][8]
References edit
- ^ Herro, Elise; Jacob, Sharon E. (1 March 2012). "p-tert-Butylphenol formaldehyde resin and its impact on children". Dermatitis: Contact, Atopic, Occupational, Drug. 23 (2): 86–88. doi:10.1097/DER.0b013e31824a64ff. PMID 22653125.
- ^ Allergens: p-TERT-BUTYLPHENOL FORMALDEHYDE RESIN
- ^ Wang, Linfeng; Ma, Wenshi; Lei, Dingfeng; Zhang, Dongqiao (2015-10-01). "Preparation and characterization of para-tertiary-butylphenol formaldehyde resins using dual catalytic-extraction method". Progress in Organic Coatings. 87: 1–9. doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2015.04.024. ISSN 0300-9440.
- ^ US Patent US3677986A
- ^ World patent WO2009155747A1
- ^ Shono, Mamiko; Ezoe, Kazuhiko; Kaniwa, Masa-Aki; Ikarashi, Yokhiaki; Kojima, Shigeo; Nakamura, Akitada (1 April 1991). "Allergic contact dermatitis from para-tertiary-butylphenol-formaldehyde resin (PTBP-FR) in athletic tape and leather adhesive". Contact Dermatitis. 24 (4): 281–288. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1991.tb01723.x. PMID 1868718. S2CID 5995961.
- ^ Foussereau, J.; Cavelier, C.; Selig, D. (1 October 1976). "Occupational eczema from para-tertiary-butylphenol formaldehyde resins: A review of the sensitizing resins". Contact Dermatitis. 2 (5): 254–258. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1976.tb03043.x. PMID 138517. S2CID 37691789.
- ^ Handley, J.; Todd, D.; Bingham, A.; Corbett, R.; Burrows, D. (1 September 1993). "Allergic contact dermatitis from para-tertiary-butylphenol-formaldehyde resin (PTBP-F-R) in Northern Ireland". Contact Dermatitis. 29 (3): 144–146. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1993.tb03512.x. PMID 8222626. S2CID 39255803.