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Pinanga 
Summary
Pinanga is a genus of flowering plant of the palm family in the subtribe Arecinae. It is native to eastern and southern Asia (India, China, Indo-China, Malesia) across to New Guinea.[1][2][3][4]
| Pinanga | |
|---|---|
| |
| Pinanga cleistantha in Malaysia | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Clade: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Arecales |
| Family: | Arecaceae |
| Subfamily: | Arecoideae |
| Tribe: | Areceae |
| Subtribe: | Arecinae |
| Genus: | Pinanga Blume, 1838 |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
Species edit
Accepted species:[1]
- Pinanga acaulis Ridl.
- Pinanga acuminata A.J.Hend.
- Pinanga adangensis Ridl.
- Pinanga albescens Becc.
- Pinanga andamanensis Becc.
- Pinanga angustisecta Becc.
- Pinanga annamensis Magalon
- Pinanga arinasae Witono
- Pinanga aristata (Burret) J.Dransf.
- Pinanga arundinacea Ridl.
- Pinanga auriculata Becc.
- Pinanga badia Hodel
- Pinanga basilanensis Becc.
- Pinanga batanensis Becc.
- Pinanga baviensis Becc.
- Pinanga bicolana Fernando
- Pinanga borneensis Scheff.
- Pinanga brevipes Becc.
- Pinanga caesia Blume
- Pinanga capitata Becc.
- Pinanga cattienensis Andr.Hend., N.K.Ban & N.Q.Dung
- Pinanga celebica Scheff.
- Pinanga chaiana J.Dransf.
- Pinanga cleistantha J.Dransf.
- Pinanga copelandii Becc.
- Pinanga coronata Blume
- Pinanga crassipes Becc.
- Pinanga cucullata J.Dransf.
- Pinanga cupularis A.J.Hend., N.K.Ban & N.Q.Dung
- Pinanga curranii Becc.
- Pinanga declinata A.J.Hend., N.K.Ban & N.Q.Dung
- Pinanga decora L.Linden & Rodigas
- Pinanga densiflora Becc.
- Pinanga dicksonii Blume
- Pinanga disticha Blume
- Pinanga dumetosa J.Dransf.
- Pinanga egregia Fernando
- Pinanga forbesii Ridl.
- Pinanga fractiflexa Hodel
- Pinanga furfuracea Blume
- Pinanga geonomiformis Becc.
- Pinanga glauca Ridl.
- Pinanga glaucifolia Fernando
- Pinanga globulifera Merr.
- Pinanga globulifera Blume
- Pinanga gracilis Blume
- Pinanga gracillima Merr.
- Pinanga grandijuga Burret
- Pinanga grandis Burret
- Pinanga griffithii Becc.
- Pinanga heterophylla Becc.
- Pinanga hexasticha Kurz
- Pinanga hookeriana Becc.
- Pinanga humilis A.J.Hend., N.K.Ban & N.Q.Dung
- Pinanga hymenospatha Hook.f.
- Pinanga inaequalis Blume
- Pinanga insignis Becc.
- Pinanga isabelensis Becc.
- Pinanga jamariensis C.K.Lim
- Pinanga jambusana C.K.Lim
- Pinanga javana Blume
- Pinanga johorensis C.K.Lim & Saw
- Pinanga keahi Furtado
- Pinanga kontumensis A.J.Hend., N.K.Ban & N.Q.Dung
- Pinanga lacei A.J.Hend.
- Pinanga latisecta Blume
- Pinanga lepidota Rendle
- Pinanga ligulata Becc.
- Pinanga limbangensis C.K.Lim
- Pinanga limosa Ridl.
- Pinanga macrospadix Burret
- Pinanga maculata Porte ex Lem.
- Pinanga malaiana Scheff.
- Pinanga manii Becc.
- Pinanga megalocarpa Burret
- Pinanga micholitzii Hort.
- Pinanga minor Blume
- Pinanga minuta Furtado
- Pinanga mirabilis Becc.
- Pinanga modesta Becc.
- Pinanga mooreana J.Dransf.
- Pinanga negrosensis Becc.
- Pinanga nuichuensis A.J.Hend., N.K.Ban & B.V.Thanh
- Pinanga pachycarpa Burret
- Pinanga pachyphylla J.Dransf.
- Pinanga palustris Kiew
- Pinanga pantiensis J.Dransf.
- Pinanga paradoxa (Griff.) Scheff.
- Pinanga parvula Ridl.
- Pinanga patula Blume
- Pinanga pectinata Becc.
- Pinanga perakensis Becc.
- Pinanga philippinensis Becc.
- Pinanga pilosa (Burret) J.Dransf.
- Pinanga piscatorum Pierre ex Gagnep.
- Pinanga plicata A.J.Hend.
- Pinanga polymorpha Becc.
- Pinanga porrecta Burret
- Pinanga pulchella Burret
- Pinanga purpurea Hendra
- Pinanga quadrijuga Gagnep.
- Pinanga ridleyana Becc. ex Furtado
- Pinanga rigida Becc.
- Pinanga riparia Ridl.
- Pinanga rivularis Becc.
- Pinanga rumphiana (Mart.) J.Dransf. & Govaerts
- Pinanga rupestris J.Dransf.
- Pinanga salicifolia Blume
- Pinanga samarana Becc.
- Pinanga sarmentosa Saw
- Pinanga sclerophylla Becc.
- Pinanga scortechinii Becc.
- Pinanga sessilifolia Furtado
- Pinanga sibuyanensis Becc.
- Pinanga sierramadreana Fernando
- Pinanga simplicifrons (Miq.) Becc.
- Pinanga singaporensis Ridl.
- Pinanga sobolifera Fernando
- Pinanga speciosa Becc.
- Pinanga spectabilis Bull
- Pinanga stricta Becc.
- Pinanga stylosa Becc.
- Pinanga subintegra Ridl.
- Pinanga subruminata Becc.
- Pinanga subterranea[5]
- Pinanga sylvestris (Lour.) Hodel
- Pinanga tashiroi Hayata
- Pinanga tenacinervis J.Dransf.
- Pinanga tenella Scheff.
- Pinanga tomentella Becc.
- Pinanga tomentosa A.J.Hend.
- Pinanga trichoneura Becc.
- Pinanga uncinata Burret
- Pinanga urdanetana Becc. ex Martelli
- Pinanga urdanetensis Becc.
- Pinanga urosperma Becc.
- Pinanga variegata Becc.
- Pinanga veitchii H.Wendl.
- Pinanga versicolor A.J.Hend.
- Pinanga watanaiana C.K.Lim
- Pinanga woodiana Becc.
- Pinanga yassinii J.Dransf.
Ecology edit
Pollination ecology edit
The species Pinanga subterranea has a highly unusual reproductive strategy. Its subterranean flowers are pollinated beneath the surface. The seeds are dispersed by wild boars, which dig into the ground to reach the fruit.[6]
References edit
- ^ a b c Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ^ "IPNI Plant Name Query Results". Plant Names Project. Retrieved November 2, 2011.
- ^ Govaerts, R. & Dransfield, J. (2005). World Checklist of Palms: 1-223. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ^ Flora of China, Vol. 23 Page 155, 山槟榔属 shan bin lang shu, Pinanga Blume, Bull. Sci. Phys. Nat. Néerlande. 1: 65. 1838.
- ^ Green, Graeme (2023-06-26). "'Mind-boggling' palm that flowers and fruits underground thrills scientists". The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. Retrieved 2023-07-03.
- ^ Hidden in plain sight: Rare palm species that flowers underground discovered as new-to-science in Borneo. (2023, June 27). Kew. Retrieved July 10, 2023, from https://www.kew.org/about-us/press-media/pinanga-subterranea