Pleosporaceae is a family of sac fungi. They are pathogenic to humans or saprobic on woody and dead herbaceous stems or leaves.[2]
Pleosporaceae | |
---|---|
Cochliobolus sativus | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Fungi |
Division: | Ascomycota |
Class: | Dothideomycetes |
Order: | Pleosporales |
Family: | Pleosporaceae Nitschke (1869)[1] |
Synonyms | |
Pyrenophoraceae |
They are generally anamorphic species (having an asexual reproductive stage).[3] The type species is Stemphylium botryosum Wallr.[2]
They have a cosmopolitan distribution worldwide.[4]
The family was created in 1869,[1] based on the immersed ascomata and pseudoparaphyses of some species, and it was assigned to Sphaeriales order. It was then placed in the Pseudosphaeriaceae family by Theissen & Sydow (1917a) and then later raised to ordinal rank as the Pseudosphaeriales.[5] Luttrell (1955) assigned Pleosporaceae under the Pleosporales order and treated Pseudosphaeriales as a synonym of Pleosporales.[6] Later, availability of molecular data, and multi-gene phylogenetic studies confirmed the familial placement of Pleosporaceae with respect to other families in order Pleosporales (Lumbsch & Huhndorf 2010,[7] Zhang et al. 2012b).[8] Genera Alternaria, Bipolaris and Stemphylium are more common asexual morphs in Pleosporaceae and they are also saprobes or parasites on various hosts.[2] Boonmee et al. transferred Allonecte from family Tubeufiaceae to family Pleosporaceae in 2011.[9] Ariyawansa et al. (2015c) revised the family and accepted 18 genera into it.[10] According to Wijayawardene et al. (2018),[11] 16 genera were accepted in Pleosporaceae based on morphological and molecular data. Pem et al. (2019c) accepted genus Gibbago in Pleosporaceae based on morphological and molecular data.[12]
As accepted by Wijayawardene et al. 2020;[13]
Figures in brackets are approx. how many species per genus.[13]