Summary
Po Rome (?–1651), also spelled Po Romê, Po Romé or Po Ramo, full name Nik Mustafa Bin Wan Abul Muzaffar Waliyullah (Jawi: نئ مصطفى بن وان ابول موزففر والييولله),[1] regnal name Sultan Abdul Hamid Shah (Jawi: سلطان عبدالحميد شه),[1] was the king of Panduranga Champa, reigning from 1627 to 1651.
| Po Rome | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| King of Champa King of Panduranga | |||||||||
 Po Rome statue at Museum of Vietnamese History - Ho Chi Minh City | |||||||||
| King of Champa | |||||||||
| Reign | 1627–1651 | ||||||||
| Predecessor | Po Klaong Mah Nai | ||||||||
| Successor | Po Nraup | ||||||||
| Born | ? Champa | ||||||||
| Died | 1651 Phú Yên | ||||||||
| Spouse | Bia Than Cih Bia Than Can Bia Ut | ||||||||
| Issue | Po Saut Po Saktiraydapatih | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Po Rome was a Churu chief, originally from present-day Đơn Dương District, Lâm Đồng Province.[2] According to local legends, his born name was Ja Kathaot (Cham: ꨎ ꨆꨔꨯꨱꩅ).[3] Prior to his ascent to the throne, he had stayed in Kelantan for several years.[4] He succeeded the throne in 1627. Upon coming to the throne, he assumed the royal title Sultan Abdul Hamid Shah Bin Syarif Wan Abu Muzaffar Bin Syarif Wan Abdullah Umdatuddin (Jawi: سلطان عبدالحميد شاه بن شريف وان ابو موزففر بن شريف وان عبدالله اومداتو الدين).[1] He subdued both Hindu and Muslim factions, forced peace between Chams communities.[2]
King Po Rome built dams and canals to nurture agriculture in Phan Rang basin.[2] During his reign, Champa traded with Siam, Cambodia, Vietnam, India, the Malay world, and even the Western countries including France and Portugal.[5] Champa also raided the areas occupied by Nguyễn lord. Vietnamese Phú Yên governor Văn Phong (文封, he was a Cham) revolted against Nguyễn lord in 1629, but was put down by general Nguyễn Hữu Vinh (阮有榮).[6] In the same year, Po Rome married Nguyễn Phúc Ngọc Khoa (阮福玉誇), daughter of Vietnamese lord Nguyễn Phúc Nguyên.[7]
In 1651, Po Rome died of wounds in Phú Yên during an outbreak of hostilities between Cham locals and Việt immigrants. His elder brother Po Nraup succeeded.[2]
The current Sakawi Cham standard with its origins based on the Saka Raja standard of the Cham calendar was also likely instituted during the reign of Po Rome.[8]
Cham people were sad to hear his death. They built a temple for him, the Po Rome Temple located at Ninh Phước district, Ninh Thuận province.
Family edit
King Po Rome had one empress and two noble consorts:[9]
- Empress Bia Than Cih (also known as Bia Sucih), daughter of King Po Klaong Mah Nai (also known as Po Mah Taha).
- Noble consort Bia Than Can, born name H Drah Jan Kpă, daughter of a Rhade or Kaho chief.
- Noble consort Bia Ut, born name Nguyễn Phúc Ngọc Khoa, daughter of Vietnamese lord Nguyễn Phúc Nguyên(also known as Chúa Sãi).
References edit
- ^ a b c "Po Rome vị vua Champa dòng dõi Hồi giáo (Islam)". www.kauthara.org.
- ^ a b c d K. W. Taylor (2013). A History of Vietnamese. Cambridge University Press. p. 301. ISBN 978-0-521-87586-8.
- ^ Putra Podam. "Một số tên gọi vị vua Po Rome". www.kauthara.org.
- ^ Vietnam-Champa Relations and the Malay-Islam Regional Network in the 17th–19th Centuries
- ^ "Tìm hiểu cộng đồng người Chăm tại Việt Nam: Cố gắng tồn tại trong khó khăn". Archived from the original on 2019-05-26. Retrieved 2019-02-26.
- ^ 大南寔錄前編 • Đại Nam thực lục tiền biên ( q.01-02), page 74
- ^ "Nguyễn Phước tộc". Archived from the original on 2009-03-30. Retrieved 2019-02-26.
- ^ Tran Ky Phuong, Bruce Lockhart (2011-01-01). The Cham of Vietnam: History, Society and Art. NUS Press. p. 326-335. ISBN 9789971694593.
- ^ "A love story between Rhade princess and Champa king". baotanglichsu.vn. Retrieved 2023-07-23.