Summary
Political modernization (also spelled as political modernisation;[3] Chinese: 政治現代化),[4] refers to the process of development and evolution from a lower to a higher level, in which a country's constitutional system and political life moves from superstition of authority, autocracy and the rule of man to rationality, autonomy, democracy and the rule of law.[5] It manifests itself in certain types of political change, like political integration, political differentiation, political secularisation, and so forth.[6] The process of political modernisation has enhanced the capacity of a society's political system, i.e. the effectiveness and efficiency of its performance.[7]
| Synonym | political modernisation |
|---|---|
| Meaning | the process of transformation from a pre-modern 'traditional' polity to a post-traditional 'modern polity'[1] |
| Political modernization | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 政治現代化 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 政治现代化 | ||||||
| Literal meaning | transformation processes in the political sphere of a society[2] | ||||||
| |||||||
Sustainability studies researcher George Francis argues that 'political modernisation' is the changes in the nation-state brought about by the neoliberal globalisation process since the 1970s.[8] It primarily consists of processes of differentiation of political structure and secularisation of political culture.
According Samuel Huntington, an American political scientist, political modernization consists of three basic elements, the rationalization of authority, the differentiation of structure and the expansion of political participation.[9]
References edit
- ^ Shefali Roy (11 October 2014). Society And Politics In India Understanding Political Sociology. PHI Learning Private Limite. pp. 92–. ISBN 978-81-203-4992-6.
- ^ Judith van Leeuwen (13 April 2010). Who greens the waves?: Changing authority in the environmental governance of shipping and offshore oil and gas production. Wageningen Academic Publishers. pp. 30–. ISBN 978-90-8686-696-0.
- ^ Radhika Desai (18 October 2013). Developmental and Cultural Nationalisms. Routledge. pp. 83–. ISBN 978-1-317-96821-4.
- ^ Huaiyin Li (31 October 2012). Reinventing Modern China: Imagination and Authenticity in Chinese Historical Writing. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 312–. ISBN 978-0-8248-3726-6.
- ^ Shi Chenghu, Zhang Xiaohong (Oct 13, 2013). "The essence and core of political system reform in contemporary China". China Digital Times.
- ^ Robert A. Packenham (1978). The New Utopianism: Political Development Ideas in the Dependency Literature. Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. pp. 36–.
- ^ James S. Coleman (12 October 1994). Nationalism and Development in Africa: Selected Essays. University of California Press. pp. 172–. ISBN 978-0-520-91423-0.
- ^ George Francis (1 October 2016). Striving for Environmental Sustainability in a Complex World: Canadian Experiences. UBC Press. pp. 50–. ISBN 978-0-7748-3141-3.
- ^ A. F. K. Organski (1968). World Politics. Alfred A. Knopf. pp. 41–.