logo
logo
  • KNOWPEDIA
  • KNOWMEDIA
  • HOW IT WORKS
Sign In Get Started
EN down
  • EN
  • CH
  • KNOWPEDIA
  • KNOWMEDIA
  • HOW IT WORKS
EN down
  • EN
  • CH
  • About
  • Privacy
  • Contact
  • FAQ
Sign In Register
9k
2k
0
9k

Comments

For our ancestors who didn’t have the benefit of a world map...

10 min ago
edit
delete

For our ancestors who didn’t have the benefit of a world map...

Rizom - April,2018
addtofavorite
share

For our ancestors who didn’t have the benefit of a world map...

Rizom - April,2018
addtofavorite
share

For our ancestors who didn’t have the benefit of a world map...

Rizom - April,2018
addtofavorite
share
Post
logo

Let Us Get to Know You!

Select 5 Topics that you are interested in.

Technology

News

Technology

News

Medicine

Technology

News

Medicine

Technology

News

Medicine

1 / 3
Submit
logo

Join Knowpia

Create an account to start reading, contributing, sharing stories you love, and more!

Individual
Register
Organization
Register

"Already have a KNOWPIA account?"

"Sign In"
logo

Join Knowpia

Create an account to start reading, contributing, sharing stories you love, and more!

Register

"Already have a KNOWPIA account?"

"Sign In"
logo

Verify < Org >

By creating an account you are verifying the organization at the same instance

Register

"Already have a KNOWPIA account?"

"Sign In"
logo

Welcome Back

Sign in to start reading, contributing, sharing
stories you love, and more!

Forgot Your Password?
Sign In

"Sign in" above to accept KNOWPIA’s
Terms of Conditions & Privacy Policy

No account? Create One Today

Sign Up
logo

Forgot Password??

Leave your email in form below and we will send link to reset your
password.

Reset Password
  • 1 Officeholders
  • 2 See also
  • 3 Notes
  • 4 References
    • 4.1 Citations
    • 4.2 Sources
  • 1 Officeholders
  • 2 See also
  • 3 Notes
  • 4 References
    • 4.1 Citations
    • 4.2 Sources
Premier of the Soviet Union
share
share
addtofavorite
Not to be confused with the President of the Soviet Union.
Premier of the Soviet Union
Глава Правительства СССР
State Emblem of the Soviet Union.svg
Coat of arms
ResidenceKremlin Senate, Moscow
Formation6 July 1923
First holderVladimir Lenin
Final holderIvan Silayev
Abolished26 December 1991
SuccessionPrime Minister of the Russian Federation

The Premier of the Soviet Union (Russian: Глава Правительства СССР) was the head of government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). The office had three different names throughout its existence: Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars (1923–1946), Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1946–1991) and Prime Minister of the Soviet Union (1991). The term premier was used by outside commentators to describe the office of head of government.

The first Soviet government was established on 6 July 1923. The government was empowered to initiate decrees and legislation that were binding throughout the USSR.[1] After the ousting of Khrushchev in 1964, Kosygin was appointed head of government. However, Kosygin's prestige was weakened when he proposed the economic reform of 1965.[2] Upon Valentin Pavlov's ascension to the premiership, the Council of Ministers was abolished and replaced with the Cabinet of Ministers. After the failed August coup of 1991 and the revelation that the majority of the cabinet members endorsed the coup, the Cabinet of Ministers was dissolved and replaced by the Committee on the Operational Management of the Soviet economy in 1991. The government of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic began seizing Soviet ministries in the aftermath of the coup, and by December 1991 the Soviet government had lost control.[3]

Under the 1977 Soviet Constitution, the head of government was the leader of the highest executive and administrative organ of state. It functioned as the most influential office of government until the establishment of the Office of the President of the Soviet Union in 1990. The head of government was responsible and accountable to the Supreme Soviet (and its Presidium).[4] The head of government was tasked with resolving all state administrative duties within the jurisdiction of the USSR to the degree which were not the responsibility of the Supreme Soviet or its Presidium. The head of government managed the national economy, formulated the five-year plans and ensured socio-cultural development.[5]

Twelve individuals became head of government. Of these, two died in office of natural causes (Vladimir Lenin and Joseph Stalin), three resigned (Alexei Kosygin, Nikolai Tikhonov and Ivan Silayev) and three held the offices of party secretary and head of government concurrently (Stalin and Nikita Khrushchev). Lenin was elected the first head of government on 6 July 1923 by a decision of the Central Executive Committee. Ivan Silayev spent the briefest time in office at 126 days. At more than 16 years, Kosygin spent the longest time in office.

Officeholders

№[a] Portrait Name
(Born-Died)
Term Electorate Cabinets Ref.
Took office Left office Duration
1
Vladimir Lenin
Vladimir Lenin
(1870–1924)
6 July 192321 January 1924 †199 days–Lenin I–II[6]
2
Alexei Rykov
Alexei Rykov
(1881–1938)
2 February 192419 December 19306 years, 320 days1924
1925
1927
1929
Rykov I–II–III–IV–V[7]
3
Vyacheslav Molotov
Vyacheslav Molotov
(1890–1986)
19 December 19306 May 194110 years, 138 days1931
1935
1936
1937
Molotov I–II–III–IV[8]
4
Joseph Stalin
Joseph Stalin
(1878–1953)
6 May 19415 March 1953 †11 years, 303 days1946
1950
Stalin I–II–III[9]
5
Georgy Malenkov
Georgy Malenkov
(1902–1988)
6 March 19538 February 19551 year, 339 days1954Malenkov I–II[10]
6
Nikolai Bulganin
Nikolai Bulganin
(1895–1975)
8 February 195527 March 19583 years, 47 days1958Bulganin[11]
7
Nikita Khrushchev
Nikita Khrushchev
(1894–1971)
27 March 195814 October 19646 years, 201 days1962Khrushchev I–II[10]
8
Alexei Kosygin
Alexei Kosygin
(1904–1980)
15 October 196423 October 198016 years, 8 days1966
1970
1974
1979
Kosygin I–II–III–IV–V[12]
9
Nikolai Tikhonov
Nikolai Tikhonov
(1905–1997)
23 October 198027 September 19854 years, 339 days1984Tikhonov I–II[13]
10
Nikolai Ryzhkov
Nikolai Ryzhkov
(born 1929)
27 September 198514 January 19915 years, 109 days1989Ryzhkov I–II[13]
11
Valentin Pavlov
Valentin Pavlov
(1937–2003)
14 January 199122 August 1991220 days–Pavlov[14]
12
Ivan Silayev
Ivan Silayev
(born 1930)
6 September 199126 December 1991111 days–Silayev[15]

See also

This article is part of a series on the
Politics of the Soviet Union
State Emblem of the Soviet Union.svg
 
Leadership
  • Leaders
  • President
    • list
    • Vice President
  • Collective leadership
  • State Council
  • Presidential Council
Communist Party
  • Congress
  • Central Committee
  • History
General Secretary
  • Politburo
  • Secretariat
  • Orgburo
Legislature
  • Congress of Soviets
    (Central Executive Committee)
Supreme Soviet
  • Soviet of the Union
  • Soviet of Nationalities
  • Presidium
Congress of People's Deputies
    • Speaker
    • 1989 Legislative election
Governance
Constitution
  • Official names
  • 1924
  • 1936
  • 1977
Government
  • Ministries
  • State Committees
  • Cabinets
Premiership
  • First Deputy Premier
  • Deputy Premier
  • Administrator of Affairs
Judiciary
  • Law
  • Supreme Court
    • Military Collegium
  • People's Court
  • Procurator General
Ideology
  • Soviet democracy
  • Marxism–Leninism
    • Leninism
    • Stalinism
    • Khrushchevism
  • De-Stalinization
Society
Economy
  • Agriculture
  • Consumer goods
  • Five-Year Plan
  • Kosygin reform
  • New Economic Policy
  • Science and technology
  • Era of Stagnation
  • Material balance planning
  • Transport
  • War communism
Culture
  • Demographics
  • Education
  • Family
  • Phraseology
  • Religion
Repression
  • Censorship
  • Censorship of images
  • Great Purge
  • Gulag system
  • Collectivization
  • Human rights
  • Ideological repression
  • Suppressed research
  • Political abuse of psychiatry
  • Political repression
  • Population transfer
  • Propaganda
  • Red Terror
  • Other countries
  • Atlas
  • v
  • t
  • e
  • Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union
  • First Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union
  • List of heads of state of the Soviet Union
  • List of leaders of the Soviet Union

Notes

  1. ^ These numbers are not official.

References

Citations

  1. ^ Центральный Исполнительный Комитет съезда Советов. Статья №38 от Декабрь 1977 «Суверенные права союзных республик». (Central Executive Committee of the Congress of Soviets. Article #38 of December 1924 Sovereign Rights of the Member Republics. ).
  2. ^ Brown 2009, p. 403.
  3. ^ Ferdinand 1993, p. 133.
  4. ^ Верховный Совет СССР. Федеральный конституционный закон №130 от 7 октября 1977 «Совета Министров СССР». (Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. Article #130 of 7 October 1977 The Council of Ministers of the USSR. ).
  5. ^ Верховный Совет СССР. Федеральный конституционный закон №131 от 7 октября 1977 «Совета Министров СССР». (Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. Article #131 of 7 October 1977 The Council of Ministers of the USSR. ).
  6. ^ Cull, Culbert & Welch 2003, p. 182.
  7. ^ Phillips 2000, p. 82.
  8. ^ Phillips 2000, p. 89.
  9. ^ Totten & Bartrop 2008, p. 76.
  10. ^ a b Duiker & Spielvogel 2006, p. 572.
  11. ^ Trahair & Miller 2004, p. 69.
  12. ^ Trahair & Miller 2004, p. 37.
  13. ^ a b Ploss 2010, p. 219.
  14. ^ Валентин Сергеевич Павлов [Valentin Sergeyevich Pavlov] (in Russian). RU: Hrono. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
  15. ^ Иван Степанович Силаев [Ivan Stepanovich Silayev] (in Russian). RU: Hrono. Retrieved 6 December 2010.

Sources

  • Brown, Archie (2009). The Rise & Fall of Communism. Bodley Head. ISBN 978-0061138799.
  • Bonnell, Victoria; Cooper, Ann (1994). Russia at the Barricades: Eyewitness Accounts of the August 1991 coup. M.E. Sharpe. ISBN 978-1563242717.
  • Coppa, Frank (2006). Encyclopedia of Modern Dictators: From Napoleon to the Present. Peter Lang. ISBN 978-0820450100.
  • Cull, Nicholas; Culbert, David; Welch, David (2003). Propaganda and Mass Persuasion: A Historical Encyclopedia, 1500 to the Present. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576078204.
  • Duiker, William; Spielvogel, Jackson (2006). The Essential World History. Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-0495902270.
  • Dyker, David (1992). Restructuring the Soviet economy (1st ed.). Routledge. ISBN 978-0415067614.
  • Fainsod, Merle; Hough, Jerry F. (1979). How the Soviet Union is Governed. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674410305.
  • Ferdinand, Maria Feldbrugge Joseph (1993). Russian Law: The End of the Soviet System and the Role of Law (1st ed.). Springer Publishing. ISBN 978-0792323587.
  • Garcelon, Marc (2005). Revolutionary Passage: From Soviet to Post-Soviet Russia, 1985–2000. Temple University Press. ISBN 978-1592133628.
  • Harris, Jonathan (2005). Subverting the System: Gorbachev's Reform of the Party's Apparat, 1986–1991. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0742526792.
  • Kotz, David Michael; Weir, Fred (2007). Russia's Path from Gorbachev to Putin: The Demise of the Soviet System and the New Russia (2nd ed.). Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0415701471.
  • Phillips, Steven. Lenin and the Russian Revolution. Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-435-32719-4.
  • Ploss, Sidney (2010). The Roots of Perestroika: The Soviet Breakdown in Historical Context. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0786444861.
  • Rappaport, Helen (1999). Joseph Stalin: A Biographical Companion. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1576070840.
  • Sebag-Montefiore, Simon (2005). Stalin: The Court of the Red Tsar. Vintage Books. ISBN 978-1400042302.
  • Service, Robert (2000). Lenin: A Biography. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674008281.
  • Service, Robert (2009). History of Modern Russia: From Tsarism to the Twenty-first Century. Penguin Books Ltd. ISBN 978-0674034938.
  • Service, Robert (2005). Stalin: A Biography. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674016972.
  • Totten, Samuel;; Bartrop, Paul (2008). Dictionary of Genocide: A–L. 1. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0313346422.CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Trahair, Richard;; Miller, Robert (2004). Encyclopedia of Cold War Espionage, Spies, and Secret Operations. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-1929631759.CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Young, Gregory; Braden, Nate (2005). The Last Sentry: The True Story That Inspired the Hunt for Red October. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1591149927.
  • Zemtsov, Ilya (1989). Chernenko, the Last Bolshevik: The Soviet Union on the eve of Perestroika. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 978-0887382604.
  • v
  • t
  • e
Premiers of the Soviet Union
Premiers
  • Lenin (1923–1924)
  • Rykov (1924–1930)
  • Molotov (1930–1941)
  • Stalin (1941–1953)
  • Malenkov (1953–1955)
  • Bulganin (1955–1958)
  • Khrushchev (1958–1964)
  • Kosygin (1964–1980)
  • Tikhonov (1980–1985)
  • Ryzhkov (1985–1991)
  • Pavlov (Jan.–Aug. 1991)
  • Silayev (Sep.–Dec. 1991)
First Deputies
  • Kuybyshev (1934–35)
  • Voznesensky (1941–46)
  • Molotov (1942–57)
  • Bulganin (1950–55)
  • Beria (Mar.–June 1953)
  • Kaganovich (1953–57)
  • Mikoyan (1955–64)
  • Pervukhin (1955–57)
  • Saburov (1955–57)
  • Kuzmin (1957–58)
  • Kozlov (1958–60)
  • Kosygin (1960–64)
  • Ustinov (1963–65)
  • Mazurov (1965–78)
  • Polyansky (1965–73)
  • Tikhonov (1976–80)
  • Arkhipov (1980–86)
  • Aliyev (1982–87)
  • Gromyko (1983–85)
  • Talyzin (1985–88)
  • Murakhovsky (1985–89)
  • Maslyukov (1988–90)
  • Voronin (1989–90)
  • Niktin (1989–90)
  • Velichko (Jan.–Nov. 1991)
  • Doguzhiyev (Jan.–Nov. 1991)
  • First Deputy Premiers
  • Deputy Premiers
  • Prime Ministers of Russia
  • v
  • t
  • e
Russia People from Russia
Political leaders
  • 862–1917
  • Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic 1917–1922
  • Soviet Union 1922–1991
  • 1991–present
  • Soviet premiers (1st deputies)
  • Soviet heads of state (and their spouses)
  • Government.ru logo.svg Prime ministers (1st deputies)
  • Emblem of Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia.svg Foreign ministers
  • Emblem of the Office of the Prosecutor General of Russia.svg Prosecutors general
Three generations of Russians in the late Russian Empire
Military figures
and explorers
  • Field marshals
  • Soviet marshals
  • Admirals
  • Aviators
  • Cosmonauts
Scientists, engineers
and inventors
  • Aerospace engineers
  • Astronomers and astrophysicists
  • Biologists
  • Chemists
  • Earth scientists
  • Electrical engineers
  • IT developers
  • Linguists and philologists
  • Mathematicians
  • Naval engineers
  • Physicians and psychologists
  • Physicists
  • Weaponry makers
Artists and writers
  • Architects
  • Ballet dancers
  • Composers
  • Opera singers
  • Novelists
  • Philosophers
  • Playwrights
  • Poets
Religious leaders
  • Metropolitans and Patriarchs
  • Saints (until 15th century)
Sportspeople
  • Chess players
  • v
  • t
  • e
Soviet Union All-Union Government of the Soviet Union
All-Union
  • President and Vice President of the Soviet Union (list)
  • Presidential Council
  • Federation Council
  • State Council
  • Security Council
  • Premiers
Ministries
(list)
  • Agricultural Products Procurement
  • Agriculture and Food
  • Assembling and Special Construction
  • Armament
  • Automobile and Agricultural Machine Building
  • Aviation Industry
  • Building Materials Industry
  • Chemical Industry
  • Chemical and Oil Machinery Building
  • Cellulose and Paper Industry
  • Civil Aviation
  • Coal Industry
  • Commerce
  • Communications
  • Communication Equipment Industry
  • Construction
  • Construction of Fuel Industry
  • Construction of Heavy Industry
  • Construction of Oil and Gas Industry
  • Construction of Petrochemical Machinery
  • Construction of Power Plants
  • Construction of Road Building and Communal Machines
  • Construction of Tool-Machines
  • Cotton
  • Culture
  • Defense
  • Defense Industry
  • Economy
  • Education
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Electrical Power and Electrification
  • Electronics Industry
  • Electrotechnical Industry
  • Environmental Protection
  • Foreign Affairs
  • Ferrous Metallurgy
  • Finance
  • Fish Industry
  • Foreign Economic Relations
  • Forestry
  • Forestry Industry
  • Fruits and Vegetables
  • Gas Industry
  • General Machine Building
  • Geology
  • Grain Products
  • Health
  • Housing and Architecture
  • Heavy Machine Building
  • Heavy and Transport Machines Construction
  • Higher Education
  • Industrial Construction
  • Installation and Special Construction Work
  • Instrument-Making, Automation and Control Systems
  • Internal Affairs
  • Iron and Steel
  • Justice
  • Light Industry
  • Land Reclamation and Water Resources
  • Machine Building
  • Machine Building for Animal Husbandry and Fodder Products
  • Machine Building for Light and Food Industry
  • Machine Tool and Tool Building Industry
  • Machinery for Stock Raising and Feeding
  • Manufacture of Communication Media
  • Meat and Dairy Industry
  • Medical Industry
  • Medical and Microbiologiacal Industry
  • Medium Machine Building
  • Merchant Marine
  • Mineral Fertilizer Production
  • Metallurgy
  • Non-Ferrous Metallurgy
  • Nuclear Power Industry
  • Oil Industry
  • Oil and Gas Industry
  • Oil Processing and Petrochemical Industry
  • Power and Electrification
  • Pulp and Paper Industry
  • Radio Industry
  • Railways
  • Rubber Industry
  • Shipbuilding
  • State Farms
  • State Security
  • Technical Cultivation
  • Textile Industry
  • Timber Industry
  • Timber, Paper and Wood Processing Industry
  • Tool and Tool Building Industry
  • Internal Trade
  • Tractors and Agricultural Machines
  • Transport Construction
  • Urban Construction
Regional ministries
  • Construction in the Eastern Regions
  • Construction in the Far East and Transbaikal Regions
  • Construction in the Northern and Western Regions
  • Construction in the Southern Regions
  • Construction in the Urals and West Sibirian Regions
State Committees
and commissions
  • Building Materials
  • Cinematography
  • Construction
  • Defense
  • Defense Technology
  • Fuel Industry
  • Labour and Social Issues
  • Logistics
  • People's Control
  • Prices
  • Publishing
  • Metallurgy
  • State of Emergency
  • Science and Technology
  • Standards and Product Quality Management
  • State Planning
  • State Security
  • Statistics
  • Television and Radio
  • Timber and Paper Industry
  • Transport Construction
  • v
  • t
  • e
Soviet Union topics
History
  • Index of Soviet Union-related articles
  • Russian Revolution
    • February
    • October
  • Russian Civil War
  • Russian SFSR
  • USSR creation treaty
  • New Economic Policy
  • Stalinism
  • Great Purge
  • Great Patriotic War (World War II)
  • Cold War
  • Khrushchev Thaw
  • 1965 reform
  • Stagnation
  • Perestroika
  • Glasnost
  • Revolutions of 1989
  • Dissolution
  • Nostalgia
  • Post-Soviet states
State Emblem of the Soviet Union.svg
Geography
Subdivisions
  • Republics
    • autonomous
  • Oblasts
    • autonomous
  • Autonomous okrugs
  • Closed cities
    • list
Regions
  • Caspian Sea
  • Caucasus Mountains
  • European Russia
  • North Caucasus
  • Siberia
  • Ural Mountains
  • West Siberian Plain
Politics
General
  • Constitution
  • Elections
  • Foreign relations
    • Brezhnev Doctrine
  • Government
    • list
  • Human rights
    • LGBT
  • Law
  • Leaders
    • Collective leadership
  • Passport system
  • State ideology
    • Marxism–Leninism
    • Leninism
    • Stalinism
Bodies
  • Communist Party
    • organisation
    • Central Committee
      • Politburo
      • Secretariat
    • Congress
    • General Secretary
  • Congress of Soviets (1922–1936)
  • Supreme Soviet (1938–1991)
  • Congress of People's Deputies (1989–1991)
  • Supreme Court
Offices
  • President
  • Premier
  • Deputy Premier
  • First Deputy Premier
Security services
  • Cheka
  • GPU
  • NKVD
  • MVD
  • MGB
  • KGB
Political repression
  • Red Terror
  • Collectivization
  • Great Purge
  • Population transfer
  • Gulag
    • list
  • Holodomor
  • Political abuse of psychiatry
Ideological repression
  • Religion
  • Suppressed research
  • Censorship
  • Censorship of images
Economy
  • Agriculture
  • Central Bank
  • Energy policy
  • Five-Year Plans
  • Internet domain
  • Inventions
  • Net material product
  • Ruble (currency)
  • Science and technology
  • Transport
Science
  • Communist Academy
  • Academy of Sciences
  • Academy of Medical Sciences
  • Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences
  • Sharashkas
  • Naukograds
    • list
Society
  • Crime
  • Demographics
    • Soviet people
    • working class
    • 1989 census
  • Languages
    • Linguistics
Culture
  • Ballet
  • Cinema
  • Fashion
  • Literature
  • Music
    • opera
  • Propaganda
  • Sports
  • Stalinist architecture
Opposition
  • Soviet dissidents and their groups
    • list
Symbols
  • Anthem
    • republics
  • Emblem
    • republics
  • Flag
    • republics
Template Templates
  • Departments
  • Russian Revolution 1917
  • Joseph Stalin
  • Stagnation Era
  • Fall of Communism
  • Wikipedia book Book
  • Category Category
  • Commons page Commons
  • Portal Portal
  • WikiProject WikiProject
  • v
  • t
  • e
Heads of state and government of Europe
Heads
of state
UN members  
and observers
  • Albania
  • Andorra
  • Armenia1
  • Austria
  • Azerbaijan1
  • Belarus
  • Belgium
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Bulgaria
  • Croatia
  • Cyprus1
  • Czech Republic
  • Denmark
  • Estonia
  • Finland
  • France
  • Georgia1
  • Germany
  • Greece
  • Holy See
    • Vatican City
  • Hungary
  • Iceland
  • Ireland
  • Italy
  • Kazakhstan1
  • Latvia
  • Liechtenstein
  • Lithuania
  • Luxembourg
  • Malta
  • Moldova
  • Monaco
  • Montenegro
  • Netherlands
  • North Macedonia
  • Norway
  • Poland
  • Portugal
  • Romania
  • Russian Federation1
  • San Marino
  • Serbia
  • Slovakia
  • Slovenia
  • Sovereign Military Order of Malta
  • Spain
  • Sweden
  • Switzerland
  • Turkey1
  • Ukraine
  • United Kingdom
Partially recognised2
  • Abkhazia1
  • Kosovo
  • Northern Cyprus1
  • South Ossetia1
Unrecognised states3
  • Artsakh1
  • Transnistria
Former countries
  • Czechoslovakia
  • East Germany
  • Serbia and Montenegro
  • Soviet Union1
  • Yugoslavia
Heads of
government
UN members  
and observers
  • Albania
  • Andorra
  • Armenia1
  • Austria
  • Azerbaijan1
  • Belarus
  • Belgium
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Bulgaria
  • Croatia
  • Cyprus1
  • Czech Republic
  • Denmark
  • Estonia
  • Finland
  • France
  • Georgia1
  • Germany
  • Greece
  • Hungary
  • Iceland
  • Ireland
  • Italy
  • Kazakhstan1
  • Latvia
  • Liechtenstein
  • Lithuania
  • Luxembourg
  • Malta
  • Moldova
  • Monaco
  • Montenegro
  • Netherlands
  • North Macedonia
  • Norway
  • Poland
  • Portugal
  • Romania
  • Russian Federation1
  • San Marino
  • Serbia
  • Slovakia
  • Slovenia
  • Sovereign Military Order of Malta
  • Spain
  • Sweden
  • Switzerland
  • Turkey1
  • Ukraine
  • United Kingdom
  • Vatican City
Partially recognised2
  • Abkhazia1
  • Kosovo
  • Northern Cyprus1
  • South Ossetia1
Unrecognised states3
  • Artsakh1
  • Transnistria
Former countries
  • Czechoslovakia
  • East Germany
  • Serbia and Montenegro
  • Soviet Union1
  • Yugoslavia
  • 1. Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on geographical definition.
  • 2. Recognised by at least one United Nations member.
  • 3. Not recognised by any United Nations members.
Logo
Share a link
Share to:
  • twitter
  • telegram
  • facebook
  • linkedin
https://dev.knowpia.com/pedia/123
COPY
knowpia
  • About
  • How it Works
  • Privacy
  • Disclaimer
  • Contact
  • FAQ
By using this platform, you agree to the Terms of Use
©2019 Knowpia
Knowpia AirPods Giveaway